What are you willing to give up to change the way we work? | Martin Danoesastro

141,653 views

2019-01-29 ・ TED


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What are you willing to give up to change the way we work? | Martin Danoesastro

141,653 views ・ 2019-01-29

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: TJ Kim κ²€ν† : GYEONGHUI KIM
00:12
Have you ever watched a flock of birds work together?
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ν•œ 무리의 μƒˆ λ–Όλ₯Ό λ³Έ 적 μžˆμœΌμ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:18
Thousands of animals, flying in perfect synchrony:
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ν˜Όμ—°μΌμ²΄κ°€ λ˜μ–΄ λ‚ μ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄
00:24
Isn't it fascinating?
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μž₯관이지 μ•Šλ‚˜μš”?
00:27
What I find remarkable is that these birds would not be able to do that
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λ†€λΌμš΄ 사싀은 이 무리가 λŒ€μž₯을 μ«“λŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
if they all would have to follow one leader.
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00:36
Their reaction speed would simply be too low.
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λ°˜μ‘ 속도가 λ„ˆλ¬΄ 느렀 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ² μ£ .
00:40
Instead, scientists believe that these birds are aligned on
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λŒ€μ‹  κ³Όν•™μžλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μƒˆκ°€ 자율적으둜 λΉ„ν–‰ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
00:44
a few simple rules,
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ λŒ€ν˜•μ„ μœ μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 데
00:47
allowing every single bird to make autonomous decisions
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
while still flying in perfect synchrony.
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00:55
Their alignment enables their autonomy,
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λšœλ ·ν•œ λ…Έμ„ μ„€μ • 덕뢄에 μžμœ¨μ„±μ΄ μƒκ²¨λ‚˜μ„œ
00:59
and their autonomy makes them fast and flexible.
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λΉ λ₯΄κ³  μœ μ—°ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
Now, what does this have to do with any one of us?
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이것이 저희와 무슨 관련이 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:09
Well, it's one way of illustrating what I believe to be the most important change
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μΌν•˜λŠ” 방식을 λ°”κΏ€ ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλŠ”
01:15
that is needed in ways of working today.
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정말 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 이유λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” μ˜ˆμ‹œλΌκ³  ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
The world is getting faster and more complex,
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더 λΉ λ₯΄κ³  λ³΅μž‘ν•΄μ§€λŠ” μ„Έμƒμ—λŠ”
01:22
so we need a new way of working,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 방식이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
a way that creates alignment around purpose,
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λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό ν–₯ν•œ λ…Έμ„  섀정을 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ ν•˜κ³ 
01:28
that takes out bureaucracy
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번거둜운 절차λ₯Ό μ—†μ•€ λ‹€μŒ
01:30
and that truly empowers people to make decisions faster.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ‹ μ†ν•œ 결정을 내릴 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
But the question is:
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여기에 질문이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
In order to get there,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λ €λ©΄
01:40
what are we willing to give up?
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무엇을 기꺼이 포기해야 ν• κΉŒμš”?
01:44
A few years ago, I was working with a bank
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λͺ‡ λ…„ μ „, 디지털 ν˜μ‹ μ„ μΆ”κ΅¬ν•˜λ˜ 은행과 일을 ν•œ 적이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
that wanted to embark on a digital transformation.
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01:50
They wanted their offering to be simpler, more intuitive, more relevant.
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κ·Έ μ€ν–‰μ—μ„œλŠ” μƒν’ˆμ΄ 더 λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κ³  μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ‰¬μš°λ©΄μ„œ μ˜λ―Έκ°€ 있길 μ›ν–ˆμ£ .
01:55
Now, I'm not sure how many of you have seen a bank from the inside,
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ λΆ„κ»˜μ„œ μ€ν–‰μ˜ λ‚΄λΆ€ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ 보셨을 지 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ
02:01
so let me try to illustrate what many traditional banks look like.
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κΈ°μ‘΄ λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜ μ€ν–‰μ˜ λ‚΄λΆ€ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
You see lots of people in suits
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μ •μž₯을 μ°¨λ €μž…μ€ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
02:08
taking elevators to go to their department,
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μ—˜λ¦¬λ² μ΄ν„°λ₯Ό 타고 각자 μžμ‹ μ˜ λΆ€μ„œλ‘œ κ°€μ„œ
02:12
marketers sitting with marketers, engineers with engineers, etc.
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λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ… λ‹΄λ‹ΉμžλŠ” λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ… λ‹΄λ‹Ήμž 끼리 μ—”μ§€λ‹ˆμ–΄λŠ” μ—”μ§€λ‹ˆμ–΄ 끼리 μ•‰μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
You see meetings with 20 people
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λŒ€λž΅ 20λͺ…이 λͺ¨μ—¬ 회의λ₯Ό ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:19
where nothing gets decided.
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κ²°μ •λ˜λŠ” 것은 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
Great ideas? They end up in PowerPoint parking lots.
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κΈ°λ°œν•œ λ°œμƒμ΄μš”? 그런 것을 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ 미루고
02:26
And there are endless handovers between departments.
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λΆ€μ„œ κ°„μ˜ λμ—†λŠ” 업무 이양에
02:31
Getting anything done can take forever.
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뭘 ν•˜λ‚˜ κ²°μ •ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 평생 걸리죠.
02:35
So this bank knew that in order to transform,
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이 은행도 ν˜μ‹ μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„ 
02:39
they would have to improve their time to market
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업무 방식뢀터 κ³Όκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ°”κΎΈκ³ 
02:42
by drastically changing their ways of working as well.
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μ‹œμž₯에 보닀 μ‹ μ†νžˆ λŒ€μ‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
But how?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 말이죠?
02:49
To get some inspiration, we decided to go and have a look at companies
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μ €ν¬λŠ” μ˜κ°μ„ μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 보닀 ν˜μ‹ μ μΈ 곳으둜 μ•Œλ €μ§„
02:52
that seem to be more innovative,
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기업에 견학을 κ°€κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
like Google, Netflix, Spotify, Zappos.
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ꡬ글, λ„·ν”Œλ¦­μŠ€, μŠ€ν¬ν‹°νŒŒμ΄, 재포슀 같은 κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:59
And I remember how we were walking the halls at one of these companies
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이 쀑 기얡에 λ‚¨λŠ” ν•œ 곳이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
in December 2014,
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2014λ…„ 12μ›”μ΄μ—ˆκ³ 
03:04
a management consultant and a team of bankers.
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경영 μžλ¬Έκ°€μ™€ 은행가듀과 ν•¨κ»˜ ν–ˆλŠ”λ°
03:08
We felt like strangers in a strange land,
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μ €ν¬λŠ” λ‚―μ„  곳에 온 이방인듀 κ°™μ•˜μ£ .
03:10
surrounded by beanbags and hoodies
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자유둜운 λΆ„μœ„κΈ°μ— 효율적이고 창의적으둜
03:13
and lots of smart, creative employees.
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μΌν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œ κ°€λ“ν–ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
03:16
So then we asked, "How is your company organized?"
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μ €ν¬λŠ” μ§ˆλ¬Έν–ˆμ£ , "νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ κ΅¬μ‘°λŠ” μ–΄λ–€κ°€μš”?"
03:19
And we expected to get an org chart.
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일반적인 λ„ν‘œλ₯Ό κΈ°λŒ€ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
03:22
But instead, they used strange drawings
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μƒμ†Œν•œ 그림을 보여주며
03:25
with funny names like "squads" and "chapters" and "tribes"
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"반", "μž₯", "μ‘±" λ“±μ˜ μž¬λ°ŒλŠ” μ΄λ¦„μœΌλ‘œ 쑰직된
03:29
to explain how they were organized.
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νšŒμ‚¬ ꡬ쑰에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ„€λͺ…ν•΄ μ€¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
So then we tried to translate that to our own world.
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저희가 μ›ν•˜λŠ” 닡을 얻도둝 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ κ³ μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
We asked, "How many people are working for you?"
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"직원은 λͺ‡ λͺ…μΈκ°€μš”?"
03:39
"It depends."
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"상황에 따라 λ‹¬λΌμš”."
03:41
"Who do you report to?"
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"λ³΄κ³ λŠ” λˆ„κ΅¬μ—κ²Œ ν•˜μ£ ?"
03:43
"It depends."
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"상황에 따라 λ‹€λ₯Έλ°μš”."
03:45
"Who decides on your priorities?"
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"μ—…λ¬΄λŠ” λˆ„κ°€ μ •ν•΄μ£Όλ‚˜μš”?"
03:48
"It depends."
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"상황에 따라 λ‹€λ₯΄μ£ ."
03:50
You can imagine our surprise.
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λ‹Ήν™©ν•˜λ˜ 저희 λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄ μƒμƒλ˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
We were asking for what we thought were some of the basic principles
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쑰직의 κΈ°λ³Έ 원칙을 μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆλŠ”λ°
03:55
of organizations,
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03:57
and their answer was, "It depends."
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λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ "상황에 따라 λ‹¬λΌμš”." μ˜€μ£ .
04:01
Now, over the course of that day,
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ν•œλ‚˜μ ˆμ„ λ³΄λ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ
04:03
we gained a better understanding of their model.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 방식을 μ’€ 더 이해할 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
They believed in the power of small, autonomous teams.
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자율적인 μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨μ˜ νŒ€μ΄ 효율적이라고 λ―Ώμ—ˆκ³ 
04:09
Their teams were like mini-start-ups.
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각 νŒ€μ€ μ•„μ£Ό μž‘μ€ μ‹ μƒκΈ°μ—…μ²˜λŸΌ 운영되고 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
04:11
They had product people and IT engineers in the same team
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μ œν’ˆ λ‹΄λ‹Ήκ³Ό IT κΈ°μˆ μžλ“€μ΄ ν•œ νŒ€μœΌλ‘œ
04:15
so they could design, build and test ideas with customers
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λ””μžμΈ, μ œμž‘, 그리고 직접 μ†ŒλΉ„μžλ“€μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ
04:18
independently of others in the company.
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자체적으둜 μ‹œμ—°μ„ ν•˜λ©°
04:21
They did not need handovers between departments.
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λΆ€μ„œλ“€κ°„μ˜ 업무 이양은 ν•„μš”μΉ˜ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
They had all the skills needed right there in the team.
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νŒ€ λ§ˆλ‹€ λͺ¨λ“  μžμ›μ„ λ‹€ κ°–μΆ”κ³  μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
04:29
Now, at the end of that day, we had a session
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μΌμ •μ˜ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ κ·Έλ‚  보고 배운 것에 κ΄€ν•΄
04:31
to reflect on what we had learned.
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μ •λ¦¬ν•΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
And we had started to like their model,
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λͺ¨λ‘ 이 방식에 λ™μ‘°ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ 
04:36
so we were already thinking of how to apply some of these ideas to a bank.
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은행에 μ μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•œ μ˜κ²¬μ„ λ‚˜λˆ΄μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
But then, one of the hosts, a guy who had not said a word all day,
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그런데 κ·Έλ‚  저희λ₯Ό μ•ˆλ‚΄ν–ˆλ˜ 일행 쀑 말 ν•œλ§ˆλ”” μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ 뢄이
04:46
he suddenly said,
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κ°‘μžκΈ° λ§ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
04:48
"So I see you like our model.
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"저희 νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ ꡬ쑰가 λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“œμ‹œλŠ” 것 같은데
04:50
But I have one question for you:
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μ œκ°€ 질문 ν•˜λ‚˜ λ“œλ¦΄κ»˜μš”.
04:52
What are you willing to give up?"
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μ–΄λ–€ κ±Έ ν¬κΈ°ν•˜μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?"
04:56
What were we willing to give up?
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뭘 ν¬κΈ°ν•˜λž€ μ†Œλ¦¬μ§€?
04:59
We did not have an answer immediately, but we knew he was right.
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λ°”λ‘œ 닡은 λͺ» ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ, 곧 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μ£ .
05:03
Change is not only about embracing the new;
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λ³€ν™”λŠ” μƒˆκ²ƒμ„ λ°›μ•„λ“€μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 끝이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
05:06
it's about giving up on some of the old as well.
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기쑴의 무언가λ₯Ό 버렀야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
Now, over the past five years,
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μ§€λ‚œ 5λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ
05:13
I have worked with companies all over the world
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μ €λŠ” μ „ 세계 μ—¬λŸ¬ κΈ°μ—…μ˜ 업무 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό
05:15
to change their ways of working.
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κ°œμ„ ν•˜λŠ” 일을 ν•΄μ˜€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:17
And clearly, every company has their own skeptics
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ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ–΄λ””μ—λ‚˜ 뢀정적인 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:21
about why this is not going to work for them.
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이런 λ³€ν™”κ°€ 그듀에겐 λ§žμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
05:24
"Our product is more complex,"
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"저희 μ œν’ˆμ€ 훨씬 λ³΅μž‘ν•΄μ„œ μ•ˆ λΌμš”."
05:26
or "They don't have the legacy IT like we do,"
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"저희 νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ κΈ°μ‘΄ IT κΈ°λ°˜μ— λ§žμ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”."
05:29
or "Regulators just won't allow this in our industry."
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"저희 λΆ„μ•ΌλŠ” κ·œμ œκ°€ μ‹¬ν•΄μ„œ μ•ˆλ  κ±°μ˜ˆμš”."
05:34
But for this bank and also for the other companies
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 저와 ν•¨κ»˜ μΌν•œ μ€ν–‰μ΄λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ 기업듀에도
05:37
that I have worked with afterwards,
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이런 λ³€ν™”λŠ”
05:38
change was possible.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:41
Within a year, we completely blew up the old silos
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일 년도 μ•ˆλΌ, 홍보, μ œν’ˆ, 관리, IT λ“±
05:45
between marketing, product, channels and IT.
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κ³ λ¦½λ˜μ–΄ μΌν•˜λŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ™„μ „νžˆ 없앨 수 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
05:48
Three thousand employees were reorganized into 350 multidisciplinary teams.
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3천λͺ…μ˜ 직원을 μ—¬λŸ¬ 전문성을 κ°–μΆ˜ 350개의 νŒ€μœΌλ‘œ μž¬μ‘°μ§ν•˜κ³ ,
05:55
So instead of product people sitting just with product people
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μ œν’ˆμ΄λ‚˜ 기술 λΆ„μ•Όμ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
05:58
and engineers with engineers,
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끼리끼리 μΌν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
06:00
a product person and an engineer were now members of the same team.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ λΆ„μ•Όμ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ ν•œ νŒ€μœΌλ‘œ μΌν•˜κ²Œ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:04
You could be a member of a team responsible for account opening
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ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ‹ κ·œ κ³„μ’Œμ— κ΄€ν•œ 일을 ν•  μˆ˜λ„
06:08
or for the mobile banking app, etc.
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이동 금육 앱에 κ΄€ν•œ 일을 ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλŠ” κ±°μ£ .
06:12
At the go-live date of that new organization,
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이런 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ꡬ쑰둜 μΌν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•œ 첫날,
06:15
some people were shaking hands for the very first time,
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μ§€λ‚œ 10λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 사싀 2뢄도 μ•ˆλ˜λŠ” 거리에 앉아
06:19
only to find out that they had been sitting two minutes away from each other
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이메일과 λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό μ£Όκ³  λ°›μœΌλ©° μΌν•˜λ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄
06:24
but they were sending each other emails and status reports for the last 10 years.
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처음 λŒ€λ©΄ν•˜κ³  μ•…μˆ˜ν•œ κ²½μš°λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
06:29
You would hear someone saying,
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 말할 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
"Ah, so you're the guy that I was always chasing for answers."
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"μ•„, λ¬Έμ˜ν• κ²Œ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ œκ°€ 항상 μ°Ύμ•˜λ˜ λΆ„μ΄λ„€μš”."
06:34
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:36
But now, they're having coffee together every day.
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자 이제, 그듀은 맀일 컀피λ₯Ό ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜λ©°,
06:40
If the product guy has an idea, he can just raise it
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μ œν’ˆ λ‹΄λ‹Ήμžκ°€ 쒋은 μ˜κ²¬μ„ λ‚΄λ©΄
μ˜†μ— μžˆλŠ” 기술 λ‹΄λ‹Ήμžμ˜ 생각도 λ°”λ‘œ 듀을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:43
to get input from the engineer who is sitting right next to him.
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06:47
They can decide to test with customers immediately --
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고객듀을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λ°”λ‘œ μ‹œμ—°λ„ ν•  수 있고
06:51
no handovers, no PowerPoints, no red tape,
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업무 이양, PPT, ν˜•μ‹μ μΈ 절차 등도 ν•„μš”μ—†μ΄
06:54
just getting stuff done.
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일을 λ§ˆμΉ˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
06:58
Now, getting there is not easy.
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자, 말처럼 μ‰¬μš΄ 일은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
And as it turns out,
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μ•Œκ³  보면
07:03
"What are you willing to give up?"
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"뭘 포기 해야지?"λΌλŠ”
07:04
is exactly the right question to ask.
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μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 정말 μ•ˆμ„±λ§žμΆ€μ΄μ£ .
07:08
Autonomous decision-making requires multidisciplinary teams.
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자율적 μ˜μ‚¬ 결정은 μ—¬λŸ¬ λΆ„μ•Όμ˜ 전문성을 κ°–μΆ˜ νŒ€μ—μ„œλ‚˜ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:13
Instead of decisions going up and down the organization,
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ ˆμ°¨μ—†μ΄ νŒ€ 자체적으둜 κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 것이
07:16
we want the team to decide.
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이상적이죠.
07:18
But to do so, we need all the skills and expertise for that decision
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그러기 μœ„ν•΄μ„  결정에 ν•„μš”ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  기술과 전문성이
07:22
in the team.
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각 νŒ€μ— ν•„μš”ν•œλ°
07:24
And this brings difficult trade-offs.
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κΉŒλ‹€λ‘œμš΄ κ³Όμ œκ°€ λ™λ°˜λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:27
Can we physically co-locate our people who are working in different buildings,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 건물, λ„μ‹œ, λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„
07:30
different cities or even different countries today?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 같은 μž₯μ†Œμ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
07:33
Or should we invest in better videoconferencing?
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 보닀 λ‚˜μ€ 화상 회의 μ‹œμ„€μ— νˆ¬μžν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
07:36
And how do we ensure consistency in the way we do things
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그리고 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ νŒ€ κ°„μ˜ 일관성을
07:40
across these teams?
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μœ μ§€ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
07:42
We still need some kind of management matrix.
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ–΄λŠ μ •λ„μ˜ 관리 μ²΄κ³„λŠ” ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
Now, all these changes to structure and process and procedure --
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이런 ꡬ쑰, 방식, 절차 등을 λ°”κΎΈλŠ” 일이
07:52
they are not easy.
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쉽지 μ•ŠμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
07:54
But in the end,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ²°κ΅­,
07:56
I found that the most difficult thing to change
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κ°€μž₯ λ°”κΎΈκΈ° νž˜λ“  것은
07:59
is our own behavior.
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저희 μžμ‹ μ˜ ν–‰λ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:02
Let me try to illustrate.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
08:05
If we want these teams to be fast, flexible, creative, like a mini-start-up,
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μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨μ˜ 신생 κΈ°μ—…μ²˜λŸΌ 신속, μœ μ—°ν•˜κ³  창의적인 νŒ€μ„ μ›ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
08:09
they have to be empowered and autonomous.
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κ·Έλ§Œν•œ λŠ₯λ ₯κ³Ό μžμœ¨μ„ μ€˜μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”λ°
08:13
But this means we cannot have leaders commanding their people what to do,
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μ±…μž„μžκ°€ 그듀이 μ–Έμ œ 뭘 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 할지
08:17
when to do, how to do.
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μ§€μ‹œν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:19
No micromanagers.
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λ§ˆμ΄ν¬λ‘œλ§€λ‹ˆμ € μ²˜λŸΌμš”.
08:21
But it also means that each employee needs to become a leader,
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λ™μ‹œμ—, λͺ¨λ“  직원듀이 μ±…μž„μžλ‘œ 일해야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
regardless of their formal title.
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직함과 상관없이 말이죠.
08:28
It's about all of us stepping up to take initiative.
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λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ†”μ„ μˆ˜λ²”ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
08:34
Now obviously, we also cannot afford
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ν™•μ‹€ν•œ 건, νŒ€λ§ˆλ‹€
08:37
to have all these teams running in different directions,
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λ°©ν–₯이 λ‹€λ₯΄λ©΄ μ•ˆλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:40
because that would certainly lead to chaos.
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ν˜Όλž€λ§Œ κ°€μ Έμ˜¬ ν…Œλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
08:43
So we need alignment and autonomy at the same time,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 곡유된 λ°©ν–₯μ„±κ³Ό μžμœ¨μ„±μ€ λ™μ‹œμ— μš”κ΅¬λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:48
just like a flock of birds.
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ν•œ 무리의 μƒˆλ“€μ²˜λŸΌ 말이죠.
08:51
In an organizational setting,
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쑰직 μ²΄κ³„μ—μ„œ
08:53
this requires new behaviors,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 행동을 μš”κ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
08:55
and with each new behavior,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것을 λ°›μ•„ 듀일 λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€
08:57
there is giving up on something old as well.
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ν¬κΈ°ν•΄μ•Όν•˜λŠ” 기쑴의 것이 있기 λ§ˆλ ¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:01
Leaders have to make sure that everyone in the organization
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κ΄€λ¦¬μžλŠ” μ±…μž„μ„ 지고 직원듀이
09:05
is aligned around the overall purpose -- the why --
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κΈ°μ—…μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œμΈ μ΄μœ μ™€ μš°μ„ κ³Όμ œμΈ 무엇을
09:08
and the overall priorities -- the what.
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잘 μˆ™μ§€ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•œ ν›„
09:11
But then they have to let go and trust their teams
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κ·Έ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ νŒ€μ΄ μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 결정을 내릴 κ±°λΌλŠ”
09:15
to make the right decisions on how to get there.
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μ‹ λ’°λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:19
Now, creating alignment requires open and transparent communication.
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이런 ν˜‘μ—…μ˜ κ΄€κ³„λŠ” 투λͺ…ν•˜κ³  μ—΄λ¦° μ†Œν†΅μœΌλ‘œ ν˜•μ„±λ˜λŠ”λ°
09:24
But you know how they say that information is a source of power?
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정보가 νž˜μ΄λΌλŠ” 말 μ•„μ‹œμ£ ?
09:29
Well, for some managers,
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자, μ–΄λ–€ κ΄€λ¦¬μžλŠ”
09:30
sharing information may feel as if they're giving up that source of power.
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μ •λ³΄μ˜ κ³΅μœ κ°€ κ·Έλ“€λ§Œμ˜ νŠΉκΆŒμ„ μ•—μ•„κ°„λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
And it's not just managers.
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단지 κ΄€λ¦¬μž 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
09:38
The teams need to communicate openly and transparently as well.
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νŒ€ κ°„μ˜ 투λͺ…ν•˜κ³  μ—΄λ¦° μ†Œν†΅ λ˜ν•œ μ•„μ£Ό μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ£ .
09:42
In these companies, the teams typically work in short sprints,
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이런 기업에선, νŒ€λ“€μ΄ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ°¨λ‘€μ˜ 단거리 κ²½μ£Όλ₯Ό ν•˜λ“― μΌν•˜κ³ 
09:46
and at the end of every sprint, they organize a demo session
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맀 κ²½μ£Όλ₯Ό 마칠 λ•Œ λ§ˆλ‹€ μ‹œμ—°μ„ 톡해
09:49
to share the output of what they've done, transparently.
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κ·Έ μ„±κ³Όλ₯Ό 투λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ κ³΅μœ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:53
And every day,
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그리고 맀일
09:55
each member of the team gives an update
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각 νŒ€μ˜ ꡬ성원은
09:57
of what they are working on individually.
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κ°œλ³„ 업무λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜μ£ .
10:01
Now, all this transparency can be uncomfortable for people,
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이런 투λͺ…성이 λΆˆνŽΈν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλŠ”λ°
10:06
because suddenly, there is no place to hide anymore.
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λ‹€μ‹œλŠ” 숨길 수 없이
10:09
Everything we do is transparent for everyone.
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λͺ¨λ“  업무λ₯Ό λˆ„κ΅¬μ—κ²Œλ‚˜ κ³΅μœ ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
10:14
So, alignment is not easy,
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이렇듯 λ°©ν–₯성을 κ³΅μœ ν•œ
10:17
and providing autonomy is not so obvious, either.
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자율적 체계λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”λŠ” 건 말처럼 쉽지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
One executive at another company
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λ‹€λ₯Έ νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ 쀑역 ν•œ 뢄은
10:23
likes to explain how he used to be a master of milestone-tracking.
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업무 μ„±κ³Ό νŒŒμ•…μ— λŠ₯ν†΅ν–ˆλ˜ μ‹œμ ˆμ„ λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬κΈ°λ„ ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
10:28
Now, today, to know how things are going,
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ν˜„μž¬λŠ” λ³΄κ³ μ„œ λŒ€μ‹ 
10:32
instead of looking at status reports,
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각 νŒ€μ΄ μΌν•˜λŠ” 곳으둜
10:34
he needs to walk down to the team floors to attend one of their sessions.
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직접 μ°Ύμ•„κ°€ νšŒμ˜μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
10:38
And instead of telling people what to do,
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μ§μ›μ—κ²Œ μ§€μ‹œν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ 
10:40
he looks for ways to help them.
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μ–΄λ–€ 도움을 쀄지 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:43
That is radical change
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λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό λ°›κ³ 
10:44
for someone who used to be a master of milestone-tracking.
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결재λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ² μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λ³€ν™”μ£ .
10:49
But in the old world, this executive said,
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그뢄은 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
10:52
"I only had the illusion of control.
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"ν†΅μ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ ν™˜μƒμ— μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘ν˜€ μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
10:54
In reality, many projects would run over time and over budget, anyway.
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ν˜„μ‹€μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό μ˜ˆμ‚°μ΄ μ΄ˆκ³Όν•˜λŠ” 사업이 λ§Žμ„ μˆ˜λ°–μ— μ—†μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
11:00
Now I have much more transparency,
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ 훨씬 더 투λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
11:02
and I can course-correct much earlier if needed."
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ν•„μš”ν•  λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ ꢀ도 μˆ˜μ •μ΄ μˆ˜μ›”ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
11:07
And middle managers need to change as well.
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쀑간 κ΄€λ¦¬μž λ˜ν•œ λ°”λ€Œμ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”λ°
11:10
First of all, without the handovers and the PowerPoint,
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μš°μ„ , 업무 이양과 PPT에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ‹ˆ
11:13
there's less of a need for middle managers.
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쀑간 관리λ₯Ό 많이 μš”κ΅¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:15
And in the old world, there was this idea of thinkers and doers.
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μ˜ˆμ „μ—” κ³„νšν•˜κ³  μ‹€μ²œν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ‚˜λ‰˜μ—ˆμ—ˆκ³ 
11:19
Employees would just follow orders.
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직원은 λ³΅μ’…ν•˜κΈ°λ§Œ ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
11:22
But now, instead of only managing other people,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  쀑간 κ΄€λ¦¬μžλŠ” 관리뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
11:26
middle managers were expected to become player-coaches.
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싀무λ₯Ό 보기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:30
So imagine, for the last 10 years,
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μ§€λ‚œ 10λ…„κ°„
11:33
you have just been telling other people what to do,
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μ§μ›μ˜ κ΄€λ¦¬μ—λ§Œ μ‹ κ²½ μ“°λ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄
11:36
but now you're expected to do things yourself again.
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ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ 직접 λ›°λŠ” 상황을 상상해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
11:40
Clearly, this model is not for everyone,
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λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ, λˆ„κ΅¬μ—κ²Œλ‚˜ ν™˜μ˜λ°›κΈ΄ νž˜λ“€κ³ 
11:42
and some great people leave the company.
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μΈμž¬λ“€μ΄ νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό λ– λ‚˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
11:45
But the result is a new culture
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결과적으둜 μ’€ 더 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ ꡬ쑰의
11:47
with less hierarchy.
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업무 ν™˜κ²½μ΄ μ‘°μ„±λ˜λŠ” 것이죠.
11:50
And all of this is hard work.
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μ‰¬μš΄ 일은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ
11:54
But it's worth it.
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그만큼의 κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:55
The companies that I worked with,
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저와 ν•¨κ»˜ μΌν–ˆλ˜ 기업에선
11:57
they were used to deploying new product features a few times per year.
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일 년에 λͺ‡ μ°¨λ‘€μžˆλ˜ μ‹ μ œν’ˆ μ‚¬μ–‘μ˜ μΆœμ‹œκ°€
12:02
Now they have releases every few weeks,
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λͺ‡ 주에 ν•œ 번으둜 λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚¬κ³ 
12:05
and without the handovers and the red tape,
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업무 μ΄μ–‘μ΄λ‚˜ ν˜•μ‹μ  μ ˆμ°¨κ°€ ν•„μš” μ—†λŠ”
12:07
the whole organization becomes more efficient.
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훨씬 효율적인 쑰직으둜 κ±°λ“­λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:10
And finally, if you walk the halls of these companies today,
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그리고 사내 κ³³κ³³μ—μ„œ
12:13
you just feel a new energy.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν™œλ ₯을 λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:16
It feels as if you're walking the halls of a very large start-up.
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λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ 신생 기업에 와 μžˆλŠ” λ“―ν•˜μ£ .
12:21
Now, to be fair, these companies, they cannot claim victory yet.
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μ†”μ§νžˆ 이런 기업이 아직 성곡적이라고 ν•˜κΈ°μ—” 이λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ
12:25
But at least with this new model,
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적어도 이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό 본보기둜
12:28
they are much better prepared to respond to change.
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변화에 λŒ€μ²˜ν•  μ€€λΉ„λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:33
The world is getting faster and more complex,
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세상은 더 λΉ λ₯΄κ³  λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ²Œ λŒμ•„κ°€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
12:36
so we need to reboot our way of working.
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저희가 μΌν•˜λŠ” 방식 λ˜ν•œ μž¬μ„€μ • ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:39
And the hardest part of that change is not in structure
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이런 변화에 μžˆμ–΄ κ°€μž₯ κΉŒλ‹€λ‘œμš΄ 것은
κ΅¬μ‘°λ‚˜ κ³Όμ •, μ ˆμ°¨λ„ μ•„λ‹ˆκ³ 
12:42
or process or procedure,
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12:45
and it's also not just senior executives taking charge.
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κ³ μœ„ κ°„λΆ€λ§Œμ˜ μ±…μž„λ„ μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
12:49
Leaders will be all of those in the organization
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κΈ°μ—…μ˜ κ²½μ˜μ§„μ€ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 받아듀이고
12:52
who embrace the change.
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그것을 선도해 λ‚˜κ°€λŠ” 건
12:54
We all have to lead the change.
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저희 λͺ¨λ‘μ˜ λͺ«μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:57
So the question is:
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
13:00
What are you willing to give up?
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무엇을 ν¬κΈ°ν• κ±°λƒλŠ” 것이죠?
13:03
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:04
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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