Ellen Dunham-Jones: Retrofitting suburbia

45,221 views ใƒป 2010-06-29

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Zeeva Livshitz
00:16
In the last 50 years,
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ื‘-50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
00:18
we've been building the suburbs
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ืื ื• ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
00:20
with a lot of unintended consequences.
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ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืœื-ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช.
00:22
And I'm going to talk about some of those consequences
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•,
00:25
and just present a whole bunch of really interesting projects
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ื•ืืฆื™ื’ ืžืกืคืจ ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืื“
00:28
that I think give us tremendous reasons
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ืฉืœื“ืขืชื™ ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื ื• ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช
00:31
to be really optimistic
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืœืงื•ื•ืช
00:33
that the big design and development project of the next 50 years
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ืฉืžื™ื–ื ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ 50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช
00:36
is going to be retrofitting suburbia.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื ื™ ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื.
00:39
So whether it's redeveloping dying malls
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ืื– ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื–ื” ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืžื™ื
00:42
or re-inhabiting dead big-box stores
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ืื• ื‘ืื™ื›ืœื•ืก ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช-ืขื ืง ื ื˜ื•ืฉื•ืช
00:45
or reconstructing wetlands
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ืื• ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื”
00:47
out of parking lots,
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ืฉืขืฉื• ืžื”ืŸ ื—ื ื™ื•ื ื™ื,
00:49
I think the fact is
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื™ื
00:51
the growing number
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ืฉื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ
00:53
of empty and under-performing,
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ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื™ืงื™ื ื•ืœื-ืžืชืคืงื“ื™ื,
00:55
especially retail, sites
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืืชืจื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช,
00:57
throughout suburbia
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
00:59
gives us actually a tremendous opportunity
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ืžืขื ื™ืง ืœื ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืจื”
01:02
to take our least-sustainable
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ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืคื—ื•ืช-ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื
01:04
landscapes right now
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืจื’ืข
01:06
and convert them into
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ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื
01:08
more sustainable places.
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ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจื™-ืงื™ื™ืžื.
01:10
And in the process, what that allows us to do
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ื•ืื’ื‘ ื›ืš ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื•
01:13
is to redirect a lot more of our growth
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ืœื ืชื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื ื•
01:15
back into existing communities
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ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
01:17
that could use a boost,
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ืฉื–ืงื•ืงื•ืช ืœื“ื—ื™ืคื”,
01:19
and have the infrastructure in place,
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ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช,
01:21
instead of continuing
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš
01:23
to tear down trees
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ืœื›ืจื•ืช ืขืฆื™ื
01:25
and to tear up the green space out at the edges.
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ื•ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื.
01:27
So why is this important?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘?
01:30
I think there are any number of reasons,
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ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช,
01:33
and I'm just going to not get into detail but mention a few.
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ืœื ืื›ื ืก ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื, ืืœื ืจืง ืืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืŸ.
01:36
Just from the perspective of climate change,
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ืจืง ืžื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื,
01:39
the average urban dweller in the U.S.
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ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘
01:41
has about one-third the carbon footprint
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ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคื—ืžืŸ
01:44
of the average suburban dweller,
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ืžืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื,
01:47
mostly because suburbanites drive a lot more,
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื™ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:50
and living in detached buildings,
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ื•ื›ืฉื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื,
01:53
you have that much more exterior surface
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื ื™-ืฉื˜ื— ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื
01:55
to leak energy out of.
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ืฉื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืคืœื˜ ืžื”ื.
01:58
So strictly from
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ืื– ืืš ื•ืจืง
02:00
a climate change perspective,
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ืžื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืืงืœื™ื,
02:03
the cities are already
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ื”ืขืจื™ื ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ
02:05
relatively green.
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ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืงื•ืช.
02:07
The big opportunity
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ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
02:09
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
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ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ื’ื–ื™ ื”ื—ืžืžื”
02:11
is actually in urbanizing
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ื˜ืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืจ
02:13
the suburbs.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื.
02:15
All that driving that we've been doing out in the suburbs,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื,
02:18
we have doubled the amount of miles we drive.
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ื”ื›ืคืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืง"ืž ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื.
02:21
It's increased our dependence
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ื–ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
02:23
on foreign oil
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ื‘ื ืคื˜ ื–ืจ
02:25
despite the gains in fuel efficiency.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื“ืœืง.
02:27
We're just driving so much more;
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ืื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ;
02:29
we haven't been able to keep up technologically.
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ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.
02:31
Public health is another reason
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ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช
02:33
to consider retrofitting.
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ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื.
02:35
Researchers at the CDC and other places
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ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืœื‘ืงืจืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
02:38
have increasingly been linking
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ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื™ืงื”
02:40
suburban development patterns
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
02:42
with sedentary lifestyles.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™-ืคืขื™ืœ.
02:44
And those have been linked then
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ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืืœื” ื ืžืฆืื” ื–ื™ืงื”
02:46
with the rather alarming,
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ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ืื™ื’ ืœืžื“ื™
02:48
growing rates of obesity,
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ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ื”ืฉืžื ื” ื”ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื’ื“ืœื™ื,
02:50
shown in these maps here,
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ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžืคื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
02:53
and that obesity has also been triggering
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ื•ื”ื”ืฉืžื ื” ื’ื ื’ื•ืจืžืช
02:55
great increases in heart disease
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ืœืขืœื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืœื‘
02:57
and diabetes
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ื›ืจืช
02:59
to the point where a child born today
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ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื™ืœื“ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื”ื™ื•ื
03:01
has a one-in-three chance
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ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ
03:03
of developing diabetes.
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ืœืคืชื— ืกื•ื›ืจืช.
03:05
And that rate has been escalating at the same rate
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ื•ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ื™ืฉืจ
03:08
as children not walking
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ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื
03:10
to school anymore,
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ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœ ืœื‘ื™ื”"ืก,
03:12
again, because of our development patterns.
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœื ื•.
03:14
And then there's finally -- there's the affordability question.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืฉื ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
03:18
I mean, how affordable is it
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ืžื” ืขื•ืœื”
03:21
to continue to live in suburbia
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ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
03:24
with rising gas prices?
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ืœืื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื“ืœืง?
03:26
Suburban expansion to cheap land,
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ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื ืœืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื–ื•ืœื•ืช,
03:29
for the last 50 years --
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ื‘-50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช --
03:31
you know the cheap land out on the edge --
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ืื•ืชืŸ ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื–ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ --
03:33
has helped generations of families
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ืขื–ืจื• ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช
03:35
enjoy the American dream.
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ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
03:37
But increasingly,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช,
03:39
the savings promised
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ื”ื—ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—
03:41
by drive-till-you-qualify affordability --
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ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช "ืกืข ืขื“ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžืš ืœืงื ื•ืช" --
03:43
which is basically our model --
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื ื• --
03:45
those savings are wiped out
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ื”ื—ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ืžื—ืง
03:47
when you consider the transportation costs.
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ื›ืฉืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”.
03:50
For instance, here in Atlanta,
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืคื” ื‘ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื”,
03:52
about half of households
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ื‘ืขืจืš ืœื›ื—ืฆื™ ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืื‘
03:54
make between $20,000 and $50,000 a year,
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ 20,000-50,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืฉื ื”,
03:57
and they are spending 29 percent of their income
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ื•ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื 29% ืžื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœื”ื
04:00
on housing
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ืขืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ
04:02
and 32 percent
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ื•-32%
04:04
on transportation.
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ืขืœ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”.
04:06
I mean, that's 2005 figures.
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ื•ืืœื” ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืž-2005,
04:08
That's before we got up to the four bucks a gallon.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืขืœื• ืžืขืœ 4 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื’ืœื•ืŸ ื“ืœืง.
04:11
You know, none of us
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ืื™ืฉ ืžืื™ืชื ื•
04:13
really tend to do the math on our transportation costs,
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ืœื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•,
04:16
and they're not going down
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื ื™ืจื“ื•
04:18
any time soon.
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ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘.
04:20
Whether you love suburbia's leafy privacy
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
04:23
or you hate its soulless commercial strips,
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ืื• ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ืืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉ ืฉืœื”ื,
04:25
there are reasons why it's important to retrofit.
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ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื—ื“ืฉ.
04:28
But is it practical?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืขืฉื™?
04:30
I think it is.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื›ืŸ.
04:32
June Williamson and I have been researching this topic
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ื’'ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืœื™ืืžืกื•ืŸ ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื”
04:34
for over a decade,
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื,
04:36
and we've found over 80
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ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-80
04:38
varied projects.
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ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
04:41
But that they're really all market driven,
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ื•ื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืง,
04:43
and what's driving the market in particular --
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืง --
04:46
number one -- is major demographic shifts.
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ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื™ื.
04:49
We all tend to think of suburbia
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
04:52
as this very family-focused place,
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ืžืงื•ื ืžืื“ ืžืžื•ืงื“-ืžืฉืคื—ื”,
04:55
but that's really not the case anymore.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื›ืš.
04:58
Since 2000,
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ืžืื– ืฉื ืช 2000,
05:00
already two-thirds of households in suburbia
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื ืžืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
05:03
did not have kids in them.
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ืื™ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
05:06
We just haven't caught up with the actual realities of this.
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ืื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—.
05:09
The reasons for this have a lot to with
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช
05:12
the dominance of the two big
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ื‘ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™
05:14
demographic groups right now:
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ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื:
05:16
the Baby Boomers retiring --
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ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ื‘ื™ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื•ื" ื™ื•ืฆื ืœื’ืžืœืื•ืช--
05:19
and then there's a gap,
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ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืคืขืจ,
05:21
Generation X, which is a small generation.
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ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ืื™ืงืก", ืฉื–ื” ื“ื•ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ.
05:23
They're still having kids --
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ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื --
05:25
but Generation Y hasn't even started
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ืื‘ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ื•ื•ืื™ื™" ื˜ืจื ื”ื’ื™ืข
05:28
hitting child-rearing age.
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ืœื’ื™ืœ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
05:30
They're the other big generation.
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ื–ื” ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ.
05:33
So as a result of that,
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš,
05:35
demographers predict
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ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื ื—ื•ื–ื™ื
05:37
that through 2025,
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ืฉืขื“ ืฉื ืช 2025,
05:39
75 to 85 percent of new households
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ื‘-75% - 85% ืžืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
05:42
will not have kids in them.
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ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
05:45
And the market research, consumer research,
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ืกืงืจื™ ืฉื•ืง, ืกืงืจื™ ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื,
05:48
asking the Boomers and Gen Y
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ืฉืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ื‘ื™ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื•ื" ื•ืืช ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ื•ื•ืื™ื™"
05:50
what it is they would like,
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ืžื” ื”ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื,
05:52
what they would like to live in,
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ืื™ืคื” ื”ื ื™ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ
05:54
tells us there is going to be a huge demand --
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ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืื“ื™ืจ --
05:57
and we're already seeing it --
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ื•ืื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ืืช --
06:00
for more urban lifestyles
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ืœืกื’ื ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:03
within suburbia.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื.
06:06
That basically, the Boomers want to be able to age in place,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ืขืฆื, ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ื‘ื™ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื•ื" ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื–ื“ืงืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื•,
06:09
and Gen Y would like to live
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ื•ื“ื•ืจ ื”"ื•ื•ืื™ื™" ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช
06:11
an urban lifestyle,
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ื‘ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™,
06:13
but most of their jobs will continue to be out in suburbia.
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื‘ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื.
06:16
The other big dynamic of change
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ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื”
06:19
is the sheer performance of
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ื”ื™ื ืขืฆื ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืคื™ื–ื™
06:21
underperforming asphalt.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืืกืคืœื˜ ื”ื’ืจื•ืข.
06:23
Now I keep thinking this would be a great name
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ืื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืžืขื•ืœื”
06:25
for an indie rock band,
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ืœืœื”ืงืช ืื™ื ื“ื™-ืจื•ืง,
06:27
but developers generally use it
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”
06:30
to refer to underused parking lots --
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ืœืชืืจ ืืช ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื”ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ --
06:33
and suburbia is full of them.
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ื•ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ื”ื.
06:36
When the postwar suburbs were first built
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ื›ืฉื ื‘ื ื• ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
06:39
out on the cheap land
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ืขืœ ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื–ื•ืœื•ืช
06:41
away from downtown,
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ื”ืจื—ืง ืžืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ,
06:43
it made sense to just build
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ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช
06:45
surface parking lots.
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ืจืง ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื.
06:47
But those sites have now been leapfrogged
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ืืš ื›ืขืช ืคื•ืกื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืืชืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
06:49
and leapfrogged again,
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ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘.
06:51
as we've just continued to sprawl,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜,
06:53
and they now have
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื
06:56
a relatively central location.
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ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™.
06:58
It no longer just makes sense.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ.
07:01
That land is more valuable than just surface parking lots.
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ืœืงืจืงืข ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืจืš ืžื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืฉืžืฉ ืœืกืชื ืžื’ืจืฉื™-ื—ื ื™ื” ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื.
07:04
It now makes sense to go back in,
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ื›ืขืช ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ื•ืจื”,
07:06
build a deck and build up
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ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืจืฆืคื” ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ื‘ื”
07:09
on those sites.
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ืขืœ ื”ืืชืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
07:11
So what do you do
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ืื– ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื
07:13
with a dead mall,
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ืขื ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื ื˜ื•ืฉ,
07:15
dead office park?
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ืคืืจืง ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื ื˜ื•ืฉ?
07:17
It turns out, all sorts of things.
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ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
07:20
In a slow economy like ours,
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ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœืช-ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื ื•,
07:22
re-inhabitation is
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ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ
07:24
one of the more popular strategies.
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ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืื—ืช ืžื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงื•ืกืžื•ืช.
07:26
So this happens to be
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ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืžืงืจื”
07:28
a dead mall in St. Louis
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ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื ื˜ื•ืฉ ื‘ืกื ื˜-ืœื•ืื™ืก
07:30
that's been re-inhabited as art-space.
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ืฉืื•ื›ืœืก ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื›ืžืจื—ื‘ ื™ืฆื™ืจื”.
07:33
It's now home to artist studios,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืขืช ืœืกื“ื ืื•ืช ืื•ืžื ื™ื,
07:35
theater groups, dance troupes.
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ืœื”ืงื•ืช ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ, ืœื”ืงื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืœ.
07:37
It's not pulling in as much tax revenue
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืžื™ืกื™ื
07:39
as it once was,
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ื›ืžื• ืคืขื,
07:41
but it's serving its community.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื•.
07:43
It's keeping the lights on.
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ื–ื” ืฉื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ืžื•ืืจ.
07:45
It's becoming, I think, a really great institution.
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื“ืขืชื™ ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื•ืœื”.
07:48
Other malls have been re-inhabited
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ืงื ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื•ื›ืœืกื•
07:50
as nursing homes,
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ื›ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื,
07:52
as universities,
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ื›ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช,
07:54
and as all variety of office space.
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ื•ื›ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื.
07:56
We also found a lot of examples
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ืžืฆืื ื• ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช
07:58
of dead big-box stores
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ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช-ืขื ืง ื ื˜ื•ืฉื•ืช
08:00
that have been converted into
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ืฉืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ
08:02
all sorts of community-serving uses as well --
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ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื --
08:05
lots of schools, lots of churches
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ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื™"ืก, ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช
08:08
and lots of libraries like this one.
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื–ื•.
08:10
This was a little grocery store, a Food Lion grocery store,
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืœืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ "ืคื•ื“ ืœืื™ื•ืŸ",
08:13
that is now a public library.
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื–ื• ืกืคืจื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช.
08:17
In addition to, I think, doing a beautiful adaptive reuse,
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ืคืจื˜ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ื—ื“ืฉ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ืคืœื™ื, ืœื“ืขืชื™,
08:20
they tore up some of the parking spaces,
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ื”ื ืคื™ืจืงื• ื•ืกื™ืœืงื• ื—ืœืง ืžืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื”ื—ื ื™ื”,
08:22
put in bioswales to collect and clean the runoff,
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ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ื ื™ืงื•ื– ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืกื•ืฃ ื•ืœื ืงื•ืช ืืช ืžื™ ื”ื’ืฉื,
08:25
put in a lot more sidewalks
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ื‘ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ืจื›ื•ืช
08:28
to connect to the neighborhoods.
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ืฉืžืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
08:30
And they've made this,
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ื•ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื–ื”,
08:32
what was just a store along a commercial strip,
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ืžื” ืฉืคืขื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช,
08:35
into a community gathering space.
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ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืชื›ื ืกื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™.
08:38
This one is a little L-shaped strip shopping center
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคืขื ืžืจื›ื– ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช "ืจ"
08:41
in Phoenix, Arizona.
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ื‘ืคื ื™ืงืก ืฉื‘ืืจื™ื–ื•ื ื”.
08:43
Really all they did was they gave it a fresh coat of bright paint,
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ืขืฉื• ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืœืฆื‘ื•ืข ืื•ืชื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ,
08:46
a gourmet grocery,
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ืžืขื“ื ื™ื” ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ืช,
08:48
and they put up a restaurant in the old post office.
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ื•ื”ื ื‘ื ื• ืžืกืขื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ.
08:51
Never underestimate the power of food
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ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืžืขื™ื˜ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ
08:54
to turn a place around
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ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืคื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื
08:56
and make it a destination.
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ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ืชื• ืœืžื•ืงื“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
08:58
It's been so successful, they've now taken over the strip across the street.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—, ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘.
09:01
The real estate ads in the neighborhood
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ืฉืœื˜ื™ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื”
09:04
all very proudly proclaim,
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ืžื›ืจื™ื–ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื’ืื•ื•ื”,
09:06
"Walking distance to Le Grande Orange,"
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"ื”'ืœื” ื’ืจื ื“ ืื•ืจื ื’'' ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ื”ืœื™ื›ื”"
09:09
because it provided its neighborhood
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืกืคืง ืœืฉื›ื•ื ื”
09:12
with what sociologists like to call
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ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ื ื•ืช
09:14
"a third place."
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"ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™."
09:16
If home is the first place
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ืื ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
09:18
and work is the second place,
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ื•ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™,
09:20
the third place is where you go to hang out
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ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืืœื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืœื•ืช
09:22
and build community.
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ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
09:24
And especially as suburbia is becoming
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ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
09:26
less centered on the family,
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ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืชืจื›ื–ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”,
09:28
the family households,
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช,
09:30
there's a real hunger
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ื ื•ืฆืจ ืจืขื‘ ืืžื™ืชื™
09:32
for more third places.
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ืœืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื™ื.
09:35
So the most dramatic retrofits
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:38
are really those in the next category,
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ื”ื ืืœื” ืฉื‘ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื‘ืื”,
09:40
the next strategy: redevelopment.
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ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื: ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
09:42
Now, during the boom, there were several
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”"ื‘ื•ื"
09:44
really dramatic redevelopment projects
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ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืžื™ื–ืžื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื
09:46
where the original building
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ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™
09:48
was scraped to the ground and then the whole site was rebuilt
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ื ื”ืจืก ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืืชืจ ื ื‘ื ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ
09:51
at significantly greater density,
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื—ื•ืก ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
09:53
a sort of compact, walkable urban neighborhoods.
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ืžืขื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืžืคืงื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ.
09:56
But some of them have been much more incremental.
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืื•ืคื™ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:58
This is Mashpee Commons,
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ื–ืืช "ืžืืฉืคื™ ืงื•ืžื•ื ืก",
10:00
the oldest retrofit that we've found.
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ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžืฆืื ื•.
10:02
And it's just incrementally, over the last 20 years,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ, ื‘ืžืฉืš 20 ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
10:05
built urbanism
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ื‘ื ืชื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช
10:07
on top of its parking lots.
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ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื—ื ื™ื”.
10:09
So the black and white photo shows
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ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ-ืœื‘ืŸ ืžืจืื™ื
10:11
the simple 60's strip shopping center.
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ืืช ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-60.
10:13
And then the maps above that
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ื•ื”ืžืคื” ืฉืžืขืœ ืžืจืื”
10:15
show its gradual transformation
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ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™
10:17
into a compact,
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ืœื›ื“ื™ ื›ืคืจ ืงื•ืžืคืงื˜ื™
10:19
mixed-use New England village,
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ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื ื™ื•-ืื™ื ื’ืœื ื“,
10:22
and it has plans now that have been approved
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ื•ื›ืขืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ืฉืจื•ืช
10:25
for it to connect
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฉืจ ืื•ืชื•
10:28
to new residential neighborhoods
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ืœืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื”
10:30
across the arterials
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ื“ืจืš ืขื•ืจืงื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”
10:32
and over to the other side.
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ื•ืขื“ ืœืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™.
10:34
So, you know, sometimes it's incremental.
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ืื– ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื• ื‘ื ื™ื” ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช.
10:36
Sometimes, it's all at once.
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
10:39
This is another infill project on the parking lots,
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื™ื–ื ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื—ื ื™ื”,
10:42
this one of an office park outside of Washington D.C.
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ื”ืคืขื ืฉืœ ืคืืจืง ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื”.
10:45
When Metrorail expanded transit into the suburbs
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ื›ืฉื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื
10:48
and opened a station nearby to this site,
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ื•ืคืชื—ื” ืชื—ื ื” ืœื™ื“ ื”ืืชืจ ื”ื–ื”,
10:51
the owners decided
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ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื•
10:53
to build a new parking deck
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ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืงื•ืžืช ื—ื ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”
10:56
and then insert on top of their surface lots
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ื•ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืžืขืœ ื”ืžื’ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืขื™ืœื™ื™ื
10:59
a new Main Street, several apartments
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ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉ, ื›ืžื” ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช
11:02
and condo buildings,
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ื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื™ ืงื•ื ื“ื•.
11:04
while keeping the existing office buildings.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
11:06
Here is the site in 1940:
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ื”ื ื” ื”ืืชืจ ื‘-1940:
11:09
It was just a little farm
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืจืง ื—ื•ื•ื” ืงื˜ื ื”
11:11
in the village of Hyattsville.
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ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืกื•ื•ื™ืœ.
11:13
By 1980, it had been subdivided
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ืขื“ 1980 ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื—ื•ืœืง
11:15
into a big mall on one side
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ืœืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆื“ ืื—ื“
11:17
and the office park on the other
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ื•ืœืคืืจืง ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™
11:19
and then some buffer sites for a library
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืืชืจื™ ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกืคืจื™ื”
11:21
and a church to the far right.
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ื•ื›ื ืกื™ื”, ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ื™ืžื ื™.
11:23
Today, the transit,
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ื”ื™ื•ื, ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื”,
11:25
the Main Street and the new housing
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ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ
11:27
have all been built.
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ื ื‘ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื.
11:29
Eventually, I expect that the streets
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื™ ืฆื•ืคื” ืฉื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช
11:31
will probably extend through a redevelopment of the mall.
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ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื“ืจืš ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ.
11:34
Plans have already been announced
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ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช
11:36
for a lot of those garden apartments
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ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ืŸ ื›ืืœื”
11:38
above the mall to be redeveloped.
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ืžืขืœ ืœืงื ื™ื•ืŸ.
11:41
Transit is a big driver of retrofits.
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ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืžื ื™ืข ื—ื–ืง ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.
11:44
So here's what it looks like.
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื ืจืื”.
11:46
You can sort of see the funky new condo buildings
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื•ื ื“ื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื™ื
11:48
in between the office buildings
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื
11:50
and the public space and the new Main Street.
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ื•ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
11:53
This one is one of my favorites, Belmar.
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ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™, ื‘ืœืžืจ.
11:55
I think they really built an attractive place here
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื ื• ืžืงื•ื ืื˜ืจืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืคื”
11:58
and have just employed all-green construction.
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ื•ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื” ื™ืจื•ืงื”.
12:01
There's massive P.V. arrays on the roofs
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ื™ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ื™ ืชืื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื• ื•ื•ืœื˜ืื™ื ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื’ื•ืช
12:04
as well as wind turbines.
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื˜ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื•ื—.
12:06
This was a very large mall
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“
12:08
on a hundred-acre superblock.
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ืขืœ ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืœื•ืง ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ื“ื•ื ื.
12:10
It's now 22
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ื–ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• 22
12:12
walkable urban blocks
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ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื”ื
12:14
with public streets,
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ืขื ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื,
12:16
two public parks, eight bus lines
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ืฉื ื™ ืคืืจืงื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื
12:18
and a range of housing types,
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ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื”,
12:20
and so it's really given Lakewood, Colorado
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ื•ื›ืš ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื ืชืŸ ืœืœื™ื™ืงื•ื•ื“, ืงื•ืœื•ืจื“ื•
12:23
the downtown
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ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช
12:25
that this particular suburb never had.
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ืฉืœืคืจื•ื•ืจ ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื”ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื”.
12:28
Here was the mall in its heyday.
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ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
12:30
They had their prom in the mall. They loved their mall.
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ื”ื ื—ื’ื’ื• ืืช ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ื ืื”ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื.
12:33
So here's the site in 1975
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืืชืจ ื‘1975
12:36
with the mall.
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ืขื ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ.
12:38
By 1995, the mall has died.
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ืขื“ 1995, ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืช.
12:40
The department store has been kept --
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ื—ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื‘ื• ื ืฉืืจื” --
12:42
and we found this was true in many cases.
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ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงืจื™ื.
12:44
The department stores are multistory; they're better built.
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ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื‘ื• ื”ืŸ ืจื‘ ืงื•ืžืชื™ื•ืช; ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
12:46
They're easy to be re-adapted.
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ื”ืŸ ืงืœื•ืช ืœื™ืขื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
12:48
But the one story stuff ...
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ืื‘ืœ ืืœื” ืขื ื”ืงื•ืžื” ื”ืื—ืช ...
12:50
that's really history.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
12:53
So here it is at projected build-out.
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื”.
12:56
This project, I think, has great connectivity
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ืœืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ื™ืฉ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื—ื–ืง
12:58
to the existing neighborhoods.
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ืœืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.
13:00
It's providing 1,500 households with the option
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ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืง 1,500 ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืขื ืื•ืคืฆื™ื”
13:02
of a more urban lifestyle.
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ืœืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
13:04
It's about two-thirds built out right now.
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ื›-ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
13:07
Here's what the new Main Street looks like.
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ื›ืš ื ืจืื” ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™.
13:09
It's very successful,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืœื—,
13:11
and it's helped to prompt --
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื–ืจ ืœื“ื—ื•ืฃ --
13:13
eight of the 13
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ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืชื•ืš 13
13:15
regional malls in Denver
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ื”ืงื ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื ื•ื•ืจ
13:17
have now, or have announced plans to
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ื™ืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื• ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช
13:19
be, retrofitted.
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ืœืžืชื™ื—ืช ืคื ื™ื.
13:21
But it's important to note that all of this retrofitting
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื•
13:24
is not occurring --
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ืœื ืงื•ืจื™ื
13:26
just bulldozers are coming and just plowing down the whole city.
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ื›ืฉืจืง ื‘ื•ืœื“ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ.
13:29
No, it's pockets of walkability
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ืœื, ื–ื” ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื”
13:32
on the sites of
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ืขืœ ื”ืืชืจื™ื ืฉืœ
13:34
under-performing properties.
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ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ืžื ื•ืฆืœื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ื‘.
13:36
And so it's giving people more choices,
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ืื– ื–ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”,
13:39
but it's not taking away choices.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืœื•ืงื— ืžื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”.
13:42
But it's also not really enough
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืกืคื™ืง
13:44
to just create pockets of walkability.
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ืจืง ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื”.
13:47
You want to also try to get more systemic transformation.
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ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื’ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื™ืกื˜ืžื˜ื™ื™ื.
13:50
We need to also retrofit the corridors themselves.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื.
13:53
So this is one that has been
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ืื– ื–ื” ืื—ื“
13:55
retrofitted in California.
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ืฉืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
13:57
They took the commercial strip
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ื”ื ืœืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืกื—ืจื™
13:59
shown on the black-and-white images below,
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ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ืœืžื˜ื”,
14:01
and they built a boulevard
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ื•ื”ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉื“ืจื”
14:03
that has become the Main Street for their town.
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ืฉื”ืคื›ื” ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืœืขื™ืจื.
14:06
And it's transformed from being
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช
14:08
an ugly, unsafe,
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ืื–ื•ืจ ืžื›ื•ืขืจ, ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—
14:10
undesirable address,
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ื•ืœื ืจืฆื•ื™,
14:12
to becoming a beautiful,
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ืœืื–ื•ืจ ื™ืคื™ืคื”,
14:15
attractive, dignified sort of good address.
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ืžื•ืฉืš, ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
14:18
I mean now we're hoping we start to see it;
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื•;
14:20
they've already built City Hall, attracted two hotels.
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ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ.
14:23
I could imagine beautiful housing going up along there
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ื ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื™ื ืฉืงืžื™ื ืฉื
14:26
without tearing down another tree.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืขืฅ ื ื•ืกืฃ.
14:29
So there's a lot of great things,
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื,
14:31
but I'd love to see more corridors getting retrofitting.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืคืจื™ื.
14:34
But densification
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ืื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื—ื•ืก
14:36
is not going to work everywhere.
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ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
14:38
Sometimes re-greening
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืง
14:40
is really the better answer.
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
14:43
There's a lot to learn from successful
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช
14:45
landbanking programs
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ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ ืงืจืงืขื•ืช
14:47
in cities like Flint, Michigan.
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ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืคืœื™ื ื˜, ืžื™ืฉื™ื’ืŸ.
14:49
There's also a burgeoning suburban farming movement --
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ืช --
14:51
sort of victory gardens meets the Internet.
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ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื’ื ื™ ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
14:54
But perhaps one of the most important re-greening aspects
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ื”ืคื™ื›ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœื™ืจื•ืง
14:57
is the opportunity to restore
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ
14:59
the local ecology,
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ืืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช,
15:01
as in this example outside of Minneapolis.
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ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื–ื• ืฉืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžื™ื ื™ืืคื•ืœื™ืก.
15:03
When the shopping center died,
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžืกื—ืจื™ ืžืช,
15:05
the city restored the site's
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ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉื™ืงืžื” ืืช ื”ืืชืจ
15:07
original wetlands,
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ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื•ืช,
15:09
creating lakefront property,
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ื•ื™ืฆืจื” ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืคื•ื ื™ื ืœืื’ื,
15:11
which then attracted private investment,
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ืฉืžืฉื›ื• ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช,
15:14
the first private investment to this very low-income neighborhood
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ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืขื ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื”ื–ื•
15:17
in over 40 years.
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ื‘40 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
15:19
So they've managed to both restore the local ecology
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ืื– ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื’ื ืœืฉืงื ืืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช
15:22
and the local economy at the same time.
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ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
15:25
This is another re-greening example.
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ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืง.
15:27
It also makes sense in very strong markets.
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ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
15:29
This one in Seattle
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ื–ื” ื‘ืกื™ืื˜ืœ
15:31
is on the site of a mall parking lot
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ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžื’ืจืฉ ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ
15:33
adjacent to a new transit stop.
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ืกืžื•ืš ืœืชื—ื ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืกืžื•ื›ื”.
15:35
And the wavy line
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ื•ื”ืงื• ื”ื’ืœื™
15:37
is a path alongside a creek that has now been daylit.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื ื—ืœ ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ืฆื ืœืื•ืจ.
15:40
The creek had been culverted under the parking lot.
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ื”ื ื—ืœ ื ื•ืชื‘ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื’ืจืฉ ื”ื—ื ื™ื”.
15:43
But daylighting our creeks
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื ื—ืœื™ื
15:45
really improves their water quality
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ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
15:47
and contributions to habitat.
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ื•ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
15:49
So I've shown you some of
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.ืื– ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื”
15:51
the first generation of retrofits.
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ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™.
15:53
What's next?
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ืžื” ื”ืœืื”?
15:55
I think we have three challenges for the future.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“.
15:58
The first is to plan retrofitting
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื
16:01
much more systemically
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกื™ืกื˜ืžื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ
16:03
at the metropolitan scale.
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ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื ื™ืช.
16:05
We need to be able to target
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“
16:07
which areas really should be re-greened.
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ืื™ื–ื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืกื‘ื” ืœื™ืจื•ืง.
16:09
Where should we be redeveloping?
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ืื™ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื—ื“ืฉ?
16:11
And where should we be encouraging re-inhabitation?
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ื•ืื™ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ?
16:14
These slides just show two images
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ื”ืฉืงืคื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืจืื™ื ืจืง ืฉืชื™ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช
16:16
from a larger project
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ืžืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื’ื“ื•ืœ
16:18
that looked at trying to do that for Atlanta.
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ืฉื‘ื—ืŸ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืœืื˜ืœื ื˜ื”.
16:20
I led a team that was asked to imagine
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ
16:22
Atlanta 100 years from now.
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ืืช ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ 100 ืฉื ื”.
16:25
And we chose to try to reverse sprawl
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ื•ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืคืจื•ื•ืจ
16:28
through three simple moves -- expensive, but simple.
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ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื -- ื™ืงืจื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื.
16:31
One, in a hundred years,
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ืื—ื“, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืื” ืฉื ื”,
16:33
transit on all major
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ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ
16:35
rail and road corridors.
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ืžืกื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื.
16:37
Two, in a hundred years,
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ืฉืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืื” ืฉื ื”,
16:39
thousand foot buffers
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ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื—ืฆื™ืฆื” ืฉืœ 300 ืžื˜ืจ
16:41
on all stream corridors.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื.
16:43
It's a little extreme, but we've got a little water problem.
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ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ืžื™ื ืงื˜ื ื”.
16:46
In a hundred years,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืื” ืฉื ื”,
16:48
subdivisions that simply end up too close to water
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ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืžืฉื ื” ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื’ืžืจื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ ืœืžื™ื
16:50
or too far from transit won't be viable.
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ืื• ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื“ื™ ืžืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช.
16:53
And so we've created the eco-acre
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ืื– ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืืงื•-ืื™ื™ืงืจ
16:56
transfer-to-transfer development rights
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ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื—
16:58
to the transit corridors
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ืœืžืกื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”
17:00
and allow the re-greening
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ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ืง ืžื—ื“ืฉ
17:02
of those former subdivisions
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ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช
17:04
for food and energy production.
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืื ืจื’ื™ื”.
17:08
So the second challenge
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ืื– ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™
17:11
is to improve the architectural design quality
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ื”ื•ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ื ื™
17:14
of the retrofits.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.
17:16
And I close with this image
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืกื™ื™ืžืช ืขื ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•
17:18
of democracy in action:
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ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”:
17:21
This is a protest that's happening
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ื–ื• ืžื—ืื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉืช
17:23
on a retrofit in Silver Spring, Maryland
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ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืกื™ืœื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื™ื ื’ืก, ืžืจื™ืœื ื“
17:26
on an Astroturf town green.
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ืขืœ ืคืืจืง ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ืขื ื“ืฉื ืกื™ื ื˜ื˜ื™.
17:30
Now, retrofits are often accused
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืืฉืžื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช
17:32
of being examples of faux downtowns
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ืฉื”ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœืขื™ืจ ืชื—ืชื™ืช ืžื“ื•ืžื”
17:35
and instant urbanism,
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ื•ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื–ื ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืŸ ืจื’ืข,
17:38
and not without reason; you don't get much more phony
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ื•ืœื ื‘ืœื™ ืกื™ื‘ื”; ืืชื ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื–ื•ื™ื™ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:40
than an Astroturf town green.
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ืžืคืืจืง ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ืขื ื“ืฉื ืกื™ื ื˜ื˜ื™.
17:43
I have to say, these are very hybrid places.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื•ืžืจ, ืืœื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™ื™ื.
17:46
They are new but trying to look old.
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ื”ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื™ื.
17:49
They have urban streetscapes,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื ื•ืฃ ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™,
17:51
but suburban parking ratios.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื•ืจื™ื.
17:53
Their populations are
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ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
17:55
more diverse than typical suburbia,
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืคืจื•ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื™ื,
17:58
but they're less diverse than cities.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืŸ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื™ื.
18:00
And they are
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ื•ื”ื
18:02
public places,
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ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื,
18:04
but that are managed by private companies.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช.
18:07
And just the surface appearance
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ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื
18:10
are often -- like the Astroturf here --
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื -- ื›ืžื• ื”ื“ืฉื ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ ืคื” --
18:13
they make me wince.
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ื”ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื™ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ.
18:16
So, you know, I mean I'm glad that
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ืื–, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืฉืžื—ื”
18:18
the urbanism is doing its job.
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ืฉื”ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื”.
18:20
The fact that a protest is happening
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžื—ืื” ืงื•ืจื™ืช
18:23
really does mean
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ื‘ืืžืช ืื•ืžืจืช
18:25
that the layout of the blocks, the streets and blocks, the putting in of public space,
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ืฉื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื, ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื, ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™,
18:28
compromised as it may be,
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ืžืชืคืฉืจ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”,
18:30
is still a really great thing.
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ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืคืœื.
18:32
But we've got to get the architecture better.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื”.
18:34
The final challenge is for all of you.
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ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื›ื.
18:37
I want you to join the protest
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืžื—ืื”
18:39
and start demanding
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ื•ืชืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ
18:41
more sustainable suburban places --
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื --
18:43
more sustainable places, period.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื, ื ืงื•ื“ื”.
18:46
But culturally,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช,
18:48
we tend to think that downtowns
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืขืจื™ื
18:50
should be dynamic, and we expect that.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœื–ื”.
18:52
But we seem to have an expectation
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฆื™ืคื™ื”
18:54
that the suburbs should forever remain frozen
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ืฉื”ืคืจื•ื•ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืืจ ืงืคื•ืื™ื ืœื ืฆื—
18:56
in whatever adolescent form
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ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžืชื‘ื’ืจ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ื–ืžื ื•
18:58
they were first given birth to.
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ื‘ื• ื”ื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ.
19:00
It's time to let them grow up,
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ,
19:03
so I want you
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืืชื
19:05
to all support the zoning changes,
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ื›ื•ืœื›ื ืชืขื–ืจื• ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื,
19:07
the road diets, the infrastructure improvements
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ื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื, ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช
19:10
and the retrofits that are coming soon to a neighborhood near you.
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ื•ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื›ื.
19:13
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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