Feras Fayyad: The real-life superheroes helping Syrian refugees | TED Fellows

26,425 views ใƒป 2021-06-10

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: michal rosengarten ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:14
[SHAPE YOUR FUTURE]
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[ืขืฆื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื›ื]
00:16
Society has a set of stories it tells itself
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ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืื•ืกืฃ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช ืœืขืฆืžื”
00:20
about who refugees are and what they look like.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ ื”ื ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื ื ืจืื™ื.
00:25
But let me tell you a different story.
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ืื‘ืœ ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ.
00:28
My story.
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™.
00:30
I'm a filmmaker and a refugee
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื•ืคืœื™ื˜
00:33
from a small village in northern Syria.
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ืžื›ืคืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืกื•ืจื™ื”.
00:37
In our village, growing up, there was no stable electricity supply.
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ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ื›ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืฉืžืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘.
00:41
We spend most of our nights around gas lanterns
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืืช ืจื‘ ื”ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืœื™ื“ ืžื ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื–
00:45
and told stories about Syrian mythological superbeings
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ื•ืกื™ืคืจื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื™ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืกื•ืจื™ืช ืฉื”ื’ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื.
00:49
that protected the vulnerable.
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00:52
I was a boy who loved the stories of superheroes.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ ืฉืื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ.
00:56
But later on, these stories shifted to tales of heroes
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื–ื•ื•ืขื•ืช
01:01
that my family has to face under the Assad dictatorship.
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ืฉืื™ืชื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืชื—ืช ื”ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืืกืื“.
01:05
One of my uncles was killed under torture.
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื.
01:09
My father had to burn his books before they were even published
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ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืจื•ืฃ ืืช ืกืคืจื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืคื•ืจืกืžื•
01:15
in order to protect us from the regime.
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ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ.
01:18
He burned his dreams along with his books.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืจืฃ ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื• ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืกืคืจื™ื•.
01:23
These stories must not be forgotten,
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืœื”ืฉื›ื—,
01:26
my parents insisted.
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ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ืชืขืงืฉื•.
01:29
The stories stopped being a pastime.
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘.
01:33
It became a form of resistance.
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ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช.
01:37
I studied filmmaking and focused on documentaries.
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ืื ื™ ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื”ื›ื ืช ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืžืงื“ืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื.
01:41
Documentary filmmaking, you see, became my way of resistance.
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ื”ื›ื ืช ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื, ื ื”ืคื›ื” ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื™ ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช.
01:46
I documented stories of Syrians who opposed the Assad regime,
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ืชื™ืขื“ืชื™ ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืกืื“,
01:51
in 2011, when the revolution started.
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ื‘2011, ื›ืฉื”ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื”.
01:55
I was arrested, tortured
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ื ืขืฆืจืชื™, ืขื•ื ืชื™
01:59
and sexually assaulted.
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ื•ื”ื•ืชืงืคืชื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืช.
02:01
When I was released, I left Syria.
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ื›ืฉืฉื•ื—ืจืจืชื™, ืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ืกื•ืจื™ื”.
02:04
I was traumatized
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ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ื˜ืจืื•ืžื”
02:07
and tried to end my life.
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ื•ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
02:09
My wife stood by me and helped me hang onto life.
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ืืฉืชื™ ืขืžื“ื” ืœืฆื™ื“ื™ ื•ืขื–ืจื” ืœื™ ืœื”ืื—ื– ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:15
But as a result, I stopped making films.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ืคืกืงืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืกืจื˜ื™ื.
02:19
Despite my arrest and torture,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฆืจ ื•ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื
02:23
I took many risks in order to see my family.
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ืœืงื—ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™.
02:27
So a year later, when the Assad regime lost control of the north of Syria,
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ืื– ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ื›ืฉื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืกืื“ ืื™ื‘ื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืกื•ืจื™ื”,
02:34
I was able to visit my hometown.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืขื™ืจ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื™.
02:37
There, I met many inspiring Syrians,
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ืฉื, ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ื”ืฉืจืื”,
02:42
real life superheroes who stayed behind to save lives.
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ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืจื• ืžืื—ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:46
I was captivated by how genuine they were.
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ื ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื.
02:51
Without planning, I took out my camera and started filming,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ, ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืœืžื” ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืฆืœื.
02:56
I felt inspired.
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ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืžืœื ื‘ื”ืฉืจืื”.
02:58
These real-life superheroes saved the filmmaker in me.
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ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืฆื™ืœื• ืืช ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™.
03:04
Khalid was one of the heroes in my first feature film,
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ื—ืืœื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื”ืžืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™,
03:08
"Last Men in Aleppo."
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โ€œื”ืื“ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ืืœื‘โ€
03:09
Khaled was a simple man who dreamed to be a firefighter,
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ื—ืืœื“ ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืฉื—ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืื™,
03:13
but he couldn't follow his dream.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื•.
03:16
So he worked as a house painter.
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื›ืฆื‘ืข.
03:20
When the war destroyed his city, he found his calling.
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืจืกื” ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉืœื•, ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”.
03:24
He joined the White Helmets,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืงืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื•ืช
03:26
a group of Syrian volunteers who formed a civil defense organization
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืฆืจื• ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื ื” ืื–ืจื—ื™
03:31
to rescue civilians from their bombed homes.
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ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืฅ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืžื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืžื•ืคืฆืฆื™ื.
03:35
Khalid saved hundreds of lives.
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ื—ืืœื“ ื”ืฆื™ืœ ืžืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืื“ื.
03:38
While doing that, he died as a hero.
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ื•ื›ืฉืขืฉื” ื–ืืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืช ื›ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
03:43
The second hero is Dr. Amani Ballour,
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ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืืžืื ื™ ื‘ืœื•ืจ,
03:47
whose story I told in my second film, โ€œThe Cave.โ€
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ืฉืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™, โ€œื”ืžืขืจื”โ€
03:52
It's a story of an extraordinary woman
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ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ
03:54
who founded an underground hospital in eastern Ghouta.
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ืฉื™ื™ืกื“ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื—ืชืจืชื™ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืขโ€™ื•ื˜ื”.
03:58
She treated injured children, victims of atrocities,
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ื”ื™ื ื˜ื™ืคืœื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืคืฆื•ืขื™ื, ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื•ื•ืขื•ืช,
04:03
while bombs fell around them.
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ื›ืฉืคืฆืฆื•ืช ื ืคืœื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื.
04:06
As a female scientist,
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ื›ืื™ืฉื” ืžื“ืขื ื™ืช,
04:08
she defied sexism and patriarchy
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืกื” ืืช ื”ืกืงืกื™ื–ื ื•ื”ืคืื˜ืจื™ืืจื›ื™ื”
04:11
to save civilians who suffered two attacks with chemical weapons.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืกื‘ืœื• ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ืขื ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื™ื.
04:16
And then there are the two superheroes who saved my own life.
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขืœ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™.
04:22
Khalil Ma'touq and Anwar al-Bunni.
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ื—ืœื™ืœ ืžืชื•ืง ื•ืื ื•ืืจ ืืœ-ื‘ื•ื ื™.
04:25
They are the lawyers who took up my case
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ื”ื ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื™
04:28
and got me out of the most notorious torture facilities in Damascus.
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ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืื•ืชื™ ืžืžืชืงืŸ ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืฉืžืฆื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืžืฉืง.
04:33
While Anwar now is in Germany, fighting for justice for Syrian refugees,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื•ืืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ื ืœื—ื ืœืฆื“ืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืกื•ืจื™ื,
04:39
Khalil was arrested in 2012 because of his work.
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ื—ืœื™ืœ ื ืขืฆืจ ื‘2012 ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•.
04:44
We don't know anything about him
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจ
04:47
because the Syrian regime continues to deny his arrest,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืจื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื›ื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžืขืฆืจื•,
04:52
but his work is not in vain.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœืฉื•ื•ื.
04:55
It's for Khalil I faced my torturer in Germany.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื—ืœื™ืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ืชื™ ืขื ื”ืžืขื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”.
05:00
In June 2020 I gave my testimony
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ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2020 ื ืชืชื™ ืืช ืขื“ื•ืชื™
05:04
at the first trial on Syrian state of torture
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ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื”
05:08
before a German court in Koblenz.
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ื‘ืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื’ืจืžื ื™ ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืœื ืฅ
05:11
It is for Amani and Khalid
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืืžืื ื™ ื•ื—ืืœื™ื“
05:14
I'm still the filmmaker today.
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ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืกืจื˜ื™ื.
05:16
They inspired me to create a new cinematic universe of superheroes,
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ื”ื ืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืงื•ื ืงื•ืœื ื•ืขื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ,
05:21
based on their quest to end injustice.
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ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืื™-ื”ืฆื“ืง.
05:25
Creating this cinematic universe has not been an easy journey.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืงื•ื ื”ืงื•ืœื ื•ืขื™ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืข ืงืœ.
05:30
It's been a brutal struggle
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืจื•ื˜ืœื™ ื ื’ื“ ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ืืคืœื™ื” ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื™ื,
05:33
against racism and discrimination in the film industry,
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05:37
an industry dominated by people who think they know how the audience,
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ืชืขืฉื™ื” ื”ื ืฉืœื˜ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ื”ืงื”ืœ,
05:43
how you want a film about Syrians to be,
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ืื™ืš ืืชื, ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืกืจื˜ ืขืœ ืกื•ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื”,
05:47
how you want superheroes or refugees to look.
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ืื™ืš ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ืื• ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ืจืื•.
05:51
But refugees look just like me.
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ืื‘ืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื ืจืื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ืžื•ื ื™.
05:55
These refugees were superheroes
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ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ
05:58
who defied the status quo and stereotype.
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ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืกื• ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก ืงื•ื• ื•ื”ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื˜ื™ืค.
06:03
So I will not stop. I owe it to them.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืœื ืืขืฆื•ืจ. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืœื”ื.
06:07
I owe it to my daughter, the young refugee child.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœื™, ื™ืœื“ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื”.
06:12
To tell the stories of superheros
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ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขืœ
06:15
who look just like her.
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ืฉื ืจืื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื•ื”.
06:19
For her, I will continue to resist.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื”, ืื ื™ ืืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชืงื•ืžื.
06:23
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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