Feras Fayyad: The real-life superheroes helping Syrian refugees | TED Fellows

審譯者: Adrienne Lin

[創造你的未來]

關於難民的身分和樣貌，

社會有許多既定印象。

[SHAPE YOUR FUTURE]

Society has a set of stories it tells itself

不過，請聽我說個不太一樣的故事，

about who refugees are and what they look like.

我的故事。

我是電影製作人，也是難民，

But let me tell you a different story.

來自敘利亞北方的小村莊。

My story.

長大的過程中， 我們的村莊沒有穩定的電力。

I'm a filmmaker and a refugee

from a small village in northern Syria.

晚上，我們大多點著瓦斯燈，

聽說著敘利亞的神話傳奇英雄故事，

In our village, growing up, there was no stable electricity supply.

這些英雄保護弱小。

We spend most of our nights around gas lanterns

當時我是個喜歡 傳奇英雄故事的小男孩，

and told stories about Syrian mythological superbeings

但是後來，這些傳奇故事變成

that protected the vulnerable.

I was a boy who loved the stories of superheroes.

在阿塞德獨裁統治下， 我的家人必須面對的英雄故事。

But later on, these stories shifted to tales of heroes

我有個叔叔被凌虐致死，

that my family has to face under the Assad dictatorship.

我父親得將他所寫的書燒掉，不能出版，

One of my uncles was killed under torture.

以免我們受到政權危害，

My father had to burn his books before they were even published

他的夢想也和他的書一起燒掉了。

這些故事不應該被遺忘，

in order to protect us from the regime.

我的父母如此堅持。

He burned his dreams along with his books.

這些故事不再是飯後娛樂，

These stories must not be forgotten,

而是變成反抗的方式。

my parents insisted.

我主修電影製作，專攻紀錄片，

The stories stopped being a pastime.

拍紀錄片變成我反抗的方式。

It became a form of resistance.

I studied filmmaking and focused on documentaries.

我記錄敘利亞人 反抗阿塞德政權的故事，

Documentary filmmaking, you see, became my way of resistance.

2011 年，革命開始的時候，

I documented stories of Syrians who opposed the Assad regime,

我被捕，被凌虐，

被性侵害，

in 2011, when the revolution started.

被釋放出來之後，我離開了敘利亞。

I was arrested, tortured

因為精神創傷，

我想要結束生命，

and sexually assaulted.

我太太不斷地支持我， 幫助我走下去，

When I was released, I left Syria.

I was traumatized

and tried to end my life.

但我因此不再拍電影了。

My wife stood by me and helped me hang onto life.

雖然被補、受虐，

為了見我的家人，我還是甘冒風險。

But as a result, I stopped making films.

Despite my arrest and torture,

一年後，阿塞德政權 不再掌控敘利亞北部時，

I took many risks in order to see my family.

我有機會回家去探望，

So a year later, when the Assad regime lost control of the north of Syria,

當時，我遇見許多激勵人心的人物，

真實世界裡的傳奇英雄， 留下來拯救生命。

I was able to visit my hometown.

There, I met many inspiring Syrians,

他們的真誠打動了我。

real life superheroes who stayed behind to save lives.

事先沒有計畫， 我還是拿出攝影機，開始拍攝，

I was captivated by how genuine they were.

我覺得非常感動。

這些真實世界裡的傳奇英雄， 救贖了我的電影魂。

Without planning, I took out my camera and started filming,

I felt inspired.

卡里德是我第一部長片 《 阿勒坡最後的男人 》中的一位英雄。

These real-life superheroes saved the filmmaker in me.

卡里德是個平凡的人， 有著做消防員的夢想抱負，

Khalid was one of the heroes in my first feature film,

但他沒辦法追尋自己的夢想，

因此他以油漆工維生。

"Last Men in Aleppo."

Khaled was a simple man who dreamed to be a firefighter,

戰爭摧毀他的家園時， 他找到一份使命感，

but he couldn't follow his dream.

他加入 “ 白頭盔 ”，

So he worked as a house painter.

這是敘利亞自願組織， 由民兵自衛隊組成，

When the war destroyed his city, he found his calling.

在炸彈摧毀的民房之間拯救百姓，

He joined the White Helmets,

a group of Syrian volunteers who formed a civil defense organization

卡里德拯救了上百條生命，

最後犧牲了自己的生命， 成為真正的傳奇英雄。

to rescue civilians from their bombed homes.

Khalid saved hundreds of lives.

第二名英雄是阿瑪尼 · 巴洛醫生，

While doing that, he died as a hero.

她的故事成為 我的第二部電影 《 秘洞醫院 》 。

The second hero is Dr. Amani Ballour,

她是很了不起的女性，

在東古塔設立一家地下醫院，

whose story I told in my second film, “The Cave.”

醫治受傷的孩童、 受暴政殘害的受難者，

It's a story of an extraordinary woman

who founded an underground hospital in eastern Ghouta.

即便炸彈就落在周圍。

She treated injured children, victims of atrocities,

身為女性科學家，

她顛覆父權社會的權威和性別歧視，

while bombs fell around them.

為的是拯救蒙受兩次化學攻擊 所傷害的百姓。

As a female scientist,

she defied sexism and patriarchy

還有兩位傳奇英雄， 他們拯救了我的生命，

to save civilians who suffered two attacks with chemical weapons.

卡里爾 · 馬杜克和恩瓦 · 歐本尼，

And then there are the two superheroes who saved my own life.

他們是幫我辯護的律師，

他們幫助我離開大馬士革 最臭名遠播的酷刑獄所，

Khalil Ma'touq and Anwar al-Bunni.

They are the lawyers who took up my case

恩瓦現在還在德國 為敘利亞難民維護正義，

and got me out of the most notorious torture facilities in Damascus.

不過卡里爾卻在 2012 年 因為他的工作被捕，

While Anwar now is in Germany, fighting for justice for Syrian refugees,

我們無從知道他的下落，

因為敘利亞政權一直不承認逮捕他。

Khalil was arrested in 2012 because of his work.

We don't know anything about him

不過他的工作並非平白無功，

because the Syrian regime continues to deny his arrest,

為了卡里爾， 我在德國和凌虐我的人對質，

在 2020 年 6 月出庭作證，

but his work is not in vain.

It's for Khalil I faced my torturer in Germany.

這是首次法院審理 敘利亞政府的虐行，

In June 2020 I gave my testimony

就在德國科布林茲的法庭裡。

因為阿瑪尼醫生和卡里德，

at the first trial on Syrian state of torture

我至今還在拍電影，

before a German court in Koblenz.

他們對於終結不公義之事的努力，

It is for Amani and Khalid

啟發了我開創英雄電影的新天地，

I'm still the filmmaker today.

They inspired me to create a new cinematic universe of superheroes,

開創這樣的電影新天地 不是容易的過程。

based on their quest to end injustice.

在電影產業裡反抗種族主義和歧視， 是篳路藍縷的拚搏，

Creating this cinematic universe has not been an easy journey.

因為這個產業的多數人 自以為很了解觀眾想看什麼，

It's been a brutal struggle

against racism and discrimination in the film industry,

應該把敘利亞拍成什麼樣子，

an industry dominated by people who think they know how the audience,

應該把傳奇英雄、難民拍成什麼樣子。

而難民看起來不過就像我這個樣子。

how you want a film about Syrians to be,

這些難民是傳奇英雄，

how you want superheroes or refugees to look.

也是反抗現狀和刻板印象的人。

But refugees look just like me.

These refugees were superheroes

這是我虧欠他們的，我不會停手，

who defied the status quo and stereotype.

也是虧欠我女兒的， 她是個小小難民，

So I will not stop. I owe it to them.

我會繼續傳說這些英雄故事，

I owe it to my daughter, the young refugee child.

和她一樣的英雄故事。

為了她，我會繼續抗爭到底。

To tell the stories of superheros

who look just like her.

謝謝。

For her, I will continue to resist.

Thank you.