The genius behind some of the world's most famous buildings | Renzo Piano

871,654 views ใƒป 2018-07-13

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: yael ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:12
Architecture is amazing, for sure.
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ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง.
00:17
It's amazing because it's art.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืื•ืžื ื•ืช.
00:20
But you know, it's a very funny kind of art.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื ืกื•ื’ ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช.
00:23
It's an art at the frontier between art and science.
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ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ืข.
00:27
It's fed by ...
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ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื–ื ืช
00:31
by real life, every day.
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ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื, ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
00:33
It's driven by force of necessity.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื ืขืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื›ืจื—.
00:37
Quite amazing, quite amazing.
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ื“ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื, ื“ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
00:39
And the life of the architect is also amazing.
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ื•ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ ื’ื ื”ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื.
00:45
You know, as an architect, at 10 oโ€™clock in the morning,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื›ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜, ื‘ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
00:48
you need to be a poet, for sure.
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืจืจ, ืœืœื ืกืคืง.
00:51
But at 11,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘11,
00:53
you must become a humanist,
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ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืžื ื™ืกื˜,
00:56
otherwise you'd lose your direction.
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ืื—ืจืช ืชืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš.
00:59
And at noon, you absolutely need to be a builder.
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ื•ื‘ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื, ืืชื” ืžืžืฉ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืื™.
01:04
You need to be able to make a building,
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ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ,
01:08
because architecture, at the end, is the art of making buildings.
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ื›ื™ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื”, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
01:13
Architecture is the art of making shelter for human beings.
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ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžื—ืกื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
01:19
Period.
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ื ืงื•ื“ื”.
01:20
And this is not easy at all.
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ื•ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
01:23
It's amazing.
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ื–ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
01:25
Look at this.
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ืชืจืื• ืืช ื–ื”.
01:27
Here we are in London,
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ื”ื ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ,
01:29
at the top of the Shard of Glass.
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ื‘ืงืฆื” ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืฉืืจื“ (ืžื’ื“ืœ ื’ืฉืจ ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ).
01:35
This is a building we completed a few years ago.
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ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžื ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื.
01:38
Those people are well-trained workers,
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืžื ื™ื,
01:45
and they are assembling the top piece of the tower.
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ื•ื”ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ.
01:51
Well, they look like rock climbers.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื ืจืื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžื˜ืคืกื™ ื”ืจื™ื.
01:56
They are.
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ื•ื”ื ืื›ืŸ ื›ืืœื”.
01:57
I mean, they are defying the force of gravity,
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื ืžืžืจื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”,
02:00
like building does, by the way.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื”, ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘.
02:03
We got 30 of those people --
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ืฉื›ืจื ื• 30 ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” --
02:05
actually, on that site, we got more than 1,400 people,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื” ืขืฆืžื•, ืฉื›ืจื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž1,400 ืื™ืฉ,
02:10
coming from 60 different nationalities.
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ืž60 ืœืื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
02:15
You know, this is a miracle. It's a miracle.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื” ื ืก, ืžืžืฉ ื ืก.
02:18
To put together 1,400 people,
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ืœืงื‘ืฅ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ 1,400 ืื ืฉื™ื,
02:21
coming from such different places, is a miracle.
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ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื–ื” ื ืก.
02:24
Sites are miracles.
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ืืชืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื ื ื™ืกื™ื.
02:27
This is another one.
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ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื“.
02:29
Let's talk about construction.
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ื‘ื ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”.
02:30
Adventure, it's adventure in real life,
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ื”ืจืคืชืงื”, ื–ื” ื”ืจืคืชืงื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช,
02:34
not adventure in spirit.
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ืœื ื”ืจืคืชืงื” ื‘ืจื•ื—.
02:37
This guy there is a deepwater diver.
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ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืœืœืŸ ืžื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื.
02:41
From rock climbers to deepwater divers.
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ืžืžื˜ืคืกื™ ื”ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ืœืœื ื™ ืžื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื.
02:45
This is in Berlin.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ.
02:47
After the fall of the Wall in '89,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืžื” ื‘1989,
02:49
we built this building, connecting East Berlin to West Berlin,
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื–ืจื— ื•ืžืขืจื‘ ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ,
02:54
in Potsdamer Platz.
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ื‘ื›ื™ื›ืจ ืคื•ืกื˜ื“ืื.
02:56
We got on that project almost 5,000 people.
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ืงื™ื‘ืฆื ื• ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ 5,000 ืื™ืฉ.
03:02
Almost 5,000 people.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ 5,000 ืื™ืฉ.
03:04
And this is another site in Japan,
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ื•ื–ื” ืืชืจ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ืคืŸ,
03:08
building the Kansai Airport.
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ื›ืฉื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื ืžืœ ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืงื ืกืื™.
03:11
Again, all the rock climbers, Japanese ones.
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื›ืœ ืžื˜ืคืกื™ ื”ื”ืจื™ื, ื™ืคื ื™ื.
03:14
You know, making buildings together
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
03:17
is the best way to create a sense of cooperation.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”.
03:22
The sense of pride -- pride is essential.
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ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื’ืื•ื•ื” - ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช.
03:26
But, you know, construction, of course,
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ืื‘ืœ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
03:30
is one of the reasons why architecture is amazing.
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ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
03:34
But there is another one, that is maybe even more amazing.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
03:39
Because architecture is the art
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ื›ื™ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช
03:42
of making shelter for communities,
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ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืงื•ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช,
03:47
not just for individuals --
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ืœื ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื --
03:50
communities and society at large.
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ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
03:53
And society is never the same.
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ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืืฃ ืคืขื ืื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.
03:56
The world keeps changing.
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช.
03:59
And changes are difficult to swallow by people.
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ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืœื™ืขื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
04:03
And architecture is a mirror of those changes.
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ื•ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืจืื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื.
04:08
Architecture is the built expression of those changes.
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ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื.
04:14
So, this is why it is so difficult,
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ืื–, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืฉื”,
04:19
because those changes create adventure.
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ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืจืคืชืงื”.
04:24
They create adventure, and architecture is adventure.
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ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืจืคืชืงื”, ื•ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืจืคืชืงื”.
04:27
This is the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris,
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ื–ื” ืžืจื›ื– ื–'ื•ืจื–' ืคื•ืžืคื™ื“ื• ื‘ืคืจื™ื–,
04:30
a long time ago.
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ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ.
04:32
That was back in time, '77.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžื–ืžืŸ, ื‘1977.
04:36
This was a spaceship landing in the middle of Paris.
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื ื—ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื—ืœืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืคืจื™ื–.
04:42
Together with my friend in adventure, Richard Rogers,
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืจืคืชืงื”, ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ ืจื•ื’'ืจืก,
04:47
we were, at the time, young bad boys.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ื‘ื–ืžื ื•, ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืจืขื™ื.
04:51
Young, bad boys.
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ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืจืขื™ื.
04:52
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:53
It was really only a few years after May '68.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืžืื™ 1968.
04:58
So it was a rebellion, pure rebellion.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื“, ืžืจื“ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ.
05:02
The idea was to make
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ
05:05
the proof that cultural buildings should not be intimidating.
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ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื™ื™ืžื™ื.
05:10
They should create a sense of curiosity.
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืกืงืจื ื•ืช.
05:14
This is the way to create a cultural place.
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ื–ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืจื—ื‘ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™.
05:17
Curiosity is the beginning of a cultural attitude.
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ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช.
05:22
And there's a piazza there, you can see that piazza.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ื›ืจ ืฉื, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื”ื–ื•.
05:26
And a piazza is the beginning of urban life.
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ื•ื”ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื.
05:31
A piazza is the place where people meet.
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ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื.
05:34
And they mix experience.
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ื•ื”ื ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช.
05:37
And they mix ages.
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ื•ื”ื ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ื’ื™ืœืื™ื.
05:40
And, you know, in some way,
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื,
05:44
you create the essence of the city.
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ื ื•ืฆืจืช ื”ืชืžืฆื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ.
05:50
And since then, we made, in the office, so many other places for people.
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ื•ืžืื–, ื™ืฆืจื ื•, ื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื.
05:56
Here, in Rome, is a concert hall.
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ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ืจื•ืžื, ืื•ืœื ืงื•ื ืฆืจื˜ื™ื.
06:00
Another place for people.
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ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื.
06:02
This building inside is actually designed by the sound, you can see.
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ืคื ื™ื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ ืข"ื™ ืฆืœื™ืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช.
06:07
It's flirting with sound.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืคืœืจื˜ื˜ ืขื ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื.
06:09
And this is the Kansai Airport,
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืงื ืกืื™,
06:12
in Japan.
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ื‘ื™ืคืŸ.
06:14
To make a building, sometimes you need to make an island,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื™,
06:17
and we made the island.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืื™.
06:19
The building is more than one mile long.
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ื™ืœ (1.6 ืง"ืž).
06:23
It looks like an immense glider, landing on the ground.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ื’ืœืฉืŸ ืขื ืง, ื”ื ื•ื—ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”.
06:27
And this is in San Francisco.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืกืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื•.
06:29
Another place for people.
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ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
06:31
This building is the California Academy of Sciences.
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ืœืžื“ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
06:35
And we planted on that roof --
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ื•ืฉืชืœื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื’ื’ ืฉืœื• --
06:39
thousands and thousands of plants that use the humidity of the air,
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ืืœืคื™ ืืœืคื™ ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืฉื ื™ื–ื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ืœื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ,
06:45
instead of pumping water from the water table.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ืžื™ื ืžืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื.
06:49
The roof is a living roof, actually.
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ื”ื’ื’ ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื’ื’ ื—ื™.
06:51
And this building was made Platinum LEED.
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ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื“ืจื’ืช ืคืœื˜ื™ื ื•ื ื‘ืžื“ื“ LEED (ื”ืชืงืŸ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื™ืจื•ืงื”).
06:55
The LEED is the system to measure, of course,
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ืชืงืŸ LEED ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ื“ืช
06:58
the sustainability of a building.
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ืืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
07:01
So this was also a place for people
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ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
07:05
that will stay a long time.
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ืฉื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ.
07:08
And this is actually New York.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง.
07:10
This is the new Whitney,
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ื–ื” ืžื•ื–ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื˜ื ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ,
07:12
in the Meatpacking District in New York.
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืืจื™ื–ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง.
07:17
Well, another flying vessel.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืขื•ื“ ื›ืœื™ ืชืขื•ืคื”.
07:21
Another place for people.
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ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
07:23
Here we are in Athens, the Niarchos Foundation.
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ื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืชื•ื ื”, ื‘ืงืจืŸ ื ื™ืืจืงื•ืก.
07:26
It's a library,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืคืจื™ื”.
07:28
it's an open house, a concert hall
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ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืช ืคืชื•ื—, ืื•ืœื ืงื•ื ืฆืจื˜ื™ื
07:32
and a big park.
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ื•ืคืืจืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
07:34
This building is also a Platinum LEED building.
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ืคืœื˜ื™ื ื•ื ื‘ืžื“ื“ LEED.
07:40
This building actually captures the sun's energy with that roof.
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืชื•ืคืก ืืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื’ ื”ื–ื”.
07:47
But, you know, making a building a place for people is good.
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ืื‘ืœ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
07:53
Making libraries, making concert halls,
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ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช, ืื•ืœืžื•ืช ืงื•ื ืฆืจื˜ื™ื,
07:57
making universities, making museums is good,
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ื”ืงืžืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช, ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ื ื™ื ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘,
08:00
because you create a place that's open, accessible.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืชื•ื—, ื ื’ื™ืฉ.
08:05
You create a building for a better world, for sure.
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™.
08:09
But there is something else
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ
08:13
that makes architecture amazing, even more.
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ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืœืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:17
And this is the fact that
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ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”
08:20
architecture doesn't just answer to need and necessity,
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ืฉืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ื”ืืชื’ืจ
08:26
but also to desires -- yes, desires -- dreams, aspirations.
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ืืœื ื’ื ืฉื•ืืคืช -- ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ืืคืช -- ืœื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช.
08:33
This is what architecture does.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืขื•ืฉื”.
08:35
Even the most modest hut on earth
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื‘ืงืชื” ื”ื›ื™ ืฆื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื
08:40
is not just a roof.
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ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’.
08:42
It's more than a roof.
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ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’.
08:43
It's telling a story;
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ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ,
08:45
it's telling a story about the identity of the people living in that hut.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืงืชื”.
08:50
Individuals.
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ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื.
08:52
Architecture is the art of telling stories.
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ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.
08:56
Like this one.
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ื›ืžื• ื–ื”.
08:58
In London: the Shard of Glass.
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ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ: ืžื’ื“ืœ ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ (ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืฉืืจื“).
09:00
Well, this building is the tallest building in Western Europe.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
09:06
It goes up more than 300 meters in the air, to breathe fresh air.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž300 ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ืฆื—.
09:11
The facets of this building are inclined,
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ืคื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืžื•ื˜ื™ื,
09:15
and they reflect the sky of London, that is never the same.
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ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉืชืงืคื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.
09:19
After rain, everything becomes bluish.
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืฉื, ื”ื›ืœ ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื—ืœื—ืœ.
09:23
In the sunny evening, everything is red.
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ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉืžืฉื™, ื”ื›ืœ ืื“ื•ื.
09:27
It's something that is difficult to explain.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
09:31
It's what we call the soul of a building.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ื ืฉืžืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
09:35
On this picture on the left, you have the Menil Collection,
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ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืืœ, ืžื•ืฆื’ ืื•ืกืฃ ืžื ื™ืœ,
09:38
used a long time ago.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื.
09:40
It's a museum.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื•ื–ืื•ืŸ.
09:41
On the right is the Harvard Art Museum.
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ื‘ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืžื•ื–ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื•ืืจื“.
09:44
Both those two buildings flirt with light.
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ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืขื ื”ืื•ืจ.
09:48
Light is probably one of the most essential materials in architecture.
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ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื”.
09:54
And this is in Amsterdam.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืืžืกื˜ืจื“ื.
09:57
This building is flirting with water.
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ืžื™ื.
10:01
And this is my office, on the sea.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื.
10:05
Well, this is flirting with work.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
10:08
Actually, we enjoy working there.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื”ื ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื.
10:11
And that cable car is the little cable car that goes up to there.
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ื•ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืขื“ ืœืฉื.
10:17
That's "The New York Times" in New York.
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ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”"ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก" ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง.
10:20
Well, this is playing with transparency.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช.
10:24
Again, the sense of light, the sense of transparency.
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ืฉื•ื‘, ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช.
10:29
On the left here, you have the Magic Lantern in Japan,
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ืžืฉืžืืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ืขืฉืฉื™ืช ื”ืงืกื ื‘ื™ืคืŸ,
10:32
in Ginza, in Tokyo.
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ื‘ื’ื™ื ื–ื”, ื‘ื˜ื•ืงื™ื•,
10:35
And in the center is a monastery in the forest.
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ื•ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืขื•ืžื“ ืžื ื–ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื™ืขืจ.
10:39
This monastery is playing with the silence and the forest.
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ื”ืžื ื–ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื•ื”ื™ืขืจ.
10:44
And a museum, a science museum.
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ื•ืžื•ื–ืื•ืŸ, ืžื•ื–ืื•ืŸ ืžื“ืข.
10:47
This is about levitation.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขืกืง ื‘ืจื™ื—ื•ืฃ.
10:51
And this is in the center of Paris,
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ื•ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืคืจื™ื–,
10:54
in the belly of the whale.
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ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ืชืŸ.
10:56
This is the Pathรฉ Foundation in Paris.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ Pathe ื‘ืคืจื™ื–.
11:01
All those buildings have something in common:
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ืœื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ:
11:04
it's that something is searching for desire, for dreams.
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช.
11:11
And that's me.
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ื•ื–ื” ืื ื™.
11:12
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:13
Well, it's me on my sailing boat.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืขืœ ืกื™ืจืช ื”ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉืœื™.
11:17
Flirting with breeze.
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ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ื‘ืจื™ื–ื”.
11:20
Well, there's not a very good reason to show you this picture.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ืืช ืœื ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
11:25
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:28
I'm trying, I'm trying.
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื”, ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื”.
11:30
You know, one thing is clear: I love sailing, for sure.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจ: ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื’, ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—.
11:35
I actually also love designing sailing boats.
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ืื ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื’ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืกื™ืจื•ืช ืžืคืจืฉ.
11:39
But I love sailing, because sailing is associated with slowness.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื’, ื›ื™ ื”ืคืœื’ื” ืžืชืงืฉืจืช ืœืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช.
11:44
And ...
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ื•...
11:46
and silence.
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ื•ืฉืงื˜.
11:48
And the sense of suspension.
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ื•ืื•ืชื” ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื—.
11:51
And there is another thing that this picture says.
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ื•ื™ืฉื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืกืคืจืช.
11:54
It says that I'm Italian.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช ืฉืื ื™ ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™.
11:56
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:59
Well, there is very little I can do about that.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื–ื”.
12:02
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:04
I'm Italian, and I love beauty.
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ืื ื™ ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™, ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื™ื•ืคื™.
12:07
I love beauty.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื™ื•ืคื™.
12:09
Well, let's go sailing, I want to take you sailing here,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื ื ืฆื ืœื”ืคืœื’ื”, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื›ื ืœื”ืคืœื’ื”
12:13
to this place,
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ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”
12:15
in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
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ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ืื ื•ืก ื”ืฉืงื˜.
12:20
This is the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Center.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืจื›ื– ื–'ืืŸ ืžืืจื™ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•.
12:23
It's for the Kanaky ethnic group.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื– ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืืชื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงืื ืงื™.
12:26
It's in Noumรฉa, New Caledonia.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื ื•ืžื™ื”, ื‘ืงืœื“ื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”.
12:29
This place is for art.
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ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืืžื ื•ืช.
12:32
Art and nature.
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ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื˜ื‘ืข.
12:34
And those buildings actually flirt with the wind,
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ื•ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืขื ื”ืจื•ื—,
12:39
with the trade winds.
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ืขื ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ.
12:41
They have a sound, they have a voice, those buildings.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืฆืœื™ืœ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงื•ืœ, ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื”.
12:44
I'm showing this because it's about beauty.
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ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ื’ ืœื›ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื•ืคื™.
12:47
It's about pure beauty.
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ื–ื” ื™ื•ืคื™ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ.
12:50
And let's talk about beauty for a moment.
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ื•ื‘ื•ื ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื•ืคื™ ืœื“ืงื”.
12:53
Beauty is like the bird of paradise:
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ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ:
12:58
the very moment you try to catch it, it flies away.
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ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืืชื” ืžื ืกื” ืœืชืคื•ืก ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืจื—.
13:02
Your arm is too short.
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ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ืฉืœืš ืงืฆืจื” ืžื“ื™.
13:06
But beauty is not a frivolous idea.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืคื™ ืื™ื ื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœืฃ.
13:11
It's the opposite.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ืคืš.
13:13
In my native language, that is Italian,
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ื‘ืฉืคืช ืื™ืžื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช,
13:15
"beautiful" is "bello."
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ื™ื•ืคื™ ื–ื” "bello",
13:19
In Spanish, "beauty" is "belleza."
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ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื™ื•ืคื™ ื–ื” "belleza".
13:24
In Greek, "beautiful" is "kalos."
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ื‘ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช, ื™ื•ืคื™ ื–ื” "Kalos".
13:30
When you add "agathos," that means "beautiful and good."
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื—ื‘ืจ "agathos", ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื™ืคื” ื•ื˜ื•ื‘.
13:35
In no one of those languages, "beautiful" just means "beautiful."
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ื‘ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื™ื•ืคื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืจืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืคื™.
13:40
It also means "good."
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ื–ื” ื’ื ืžืชืจื’ื ืœ"ื˜ื•ื‘".
13:43
Real beauty is when the invisible
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ื™ื•ืคื™ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืฉื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื”
13:48
joins the visible, coming on surface.
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ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื ืจืื”, ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื—.
13:52
And this doesn't apply only to art or nature.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ืจืง ืœืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื• ื˜ื‘ืข.
13:58
This applies to science, human curiosity, solidarity --
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืžื“ืข, ื‘ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช, ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช --
14:03
that's the reason why you may say,
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ื–ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืื•ืœื™ ืชืืžืจื•,
14:07
"This is a beautiful person,"
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"ื–ื”ื• ืื“ื ื™ืคื”",
14:10
"That's a beautiful mind."
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"ื–ื”ื• ืžื•ื— ื™ืคื”".
14:13
This, this is the beauty that can change people
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
14:17
into better people,
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
14:18
by switching a special light in their eyes.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ืœืงืช ืื•ืจ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
14:22
And making buildings for this beauty
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื–ื”
14:25
makes cities better places to live.
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ื”ื•ืคืš ืขืจื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•.
14:28
And better cities
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ื•ืขืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
14:31
make better citizens.
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ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
14:34
Well, this beauty --
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื–ื” --
14:37
this universal beauty, I should say --
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ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ ื”ื–ื”, ืขืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ --
14:41
is one of the few things that can change the world.
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ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
14:46
Believe me, this beauty will save the world.
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ื•ืชืืžื™ื ื• ืœื™, ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื,
14:50
One person at a time, but it will do it.
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ืื“ื ืื“ื, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”.
14:55
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
14:56
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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