Corneille Ewango: A hero of the Congo Basin forest

10,351 views ใƒป 2008-07-08

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ofer Eyal ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I don't speak English.
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
00:14
I start speaking English, learning English, about a year ago.
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื‘ืขืจืš ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื”.
00:18
I speak French and I grew up with French, so my English is Franglais.
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ืื ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื•ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ืฆืจืคืช, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืฆืจืคื ื’ืœื™ืช.
00:25
I'm born in the Western Congo, in an area around here,
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ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ื• ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ื“ ื–ื”,
00:30
and then went to university in Kisangani.
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ื•ืื– ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงื™ื ื’ืื ื™.
00:35
And after I finished, I went to this area, the Ituri Forest.
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ื•ื›ืฉืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ [ืœืœืžื•ื“] ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื–ื”, ื™ืขืจ ื”ืื™ืชื•ืจื™.
00:39
But what I've been doing --
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ืื•ืœื ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ --
00:41
when I was about 14, I grew in my uncle's house.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ 14 ืœืขืจืš, ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ื™.
00:48
And my father was a soldier,
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ื•ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ืœ,
00:51
and my uncle was a fisherman and also a poacher.
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ื•ื“ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ื™ื’ ื•ื’ื ืขืกืง ื‘ืฆื™ื“ ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™.
00:55
What I've been doing from 14 to 17 was,
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ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืžื’ื™ืœ 14 ืขื“ ืœื’ื™ืœ 17 ื”ื™ื”,
01:00
I was assisting them collecting ivory tusk, meat
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ืขื–ืจืชื™ ืœื”ื ืœืืกื•ืฃ ื—ื˜ื™ ืคื™ืœื™ื, ื‘ืฉืจ
01:07
and whatever they were killing, poaching, hunting in the forest,
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื”ืจื’ื• ื•ืฆื“ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ืื• ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ื‘ื™ืขืจ,
01:11
bring it in the main city to get access to the market.
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ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืืœ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช.
01:16
But finally, I got myself involved.
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ืืš ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘.
01:20
Around 17 to 20 years, I became, myself, a poacher.
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ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ 17 ืขื“ 20 ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ ืœืฆื™ื“ ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™.
01:27
And I wanted to do it, because -- I believed -- to continue my studies.
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ื•ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืืžื ืชื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™.
01:32
I wanted to go to university, but my father was poor, my uncle even.
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”, ืืš ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™, ื•ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืืคื™ืœื•...
01:36
So, I did it.
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ืื– ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ืืช.
01:38
And for three to four years, I went to university.
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ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขื“ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”.
01:42
For three times, I applied to biomedical science, to be a doctor.
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื•-ืจืคื•ืื”, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ืคื.
01:48
I didn't succeed.
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ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™.
01:50
I was having my inscriptions, my admission to biology.
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ื”ืชืงื‘ืœืชื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
01:55
And I said, "No way, I'm not doing it.
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ื•ืืžืจืชื™, ื‘ืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื ื•ืื•ืคืŸ, ืื ื™ ืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช.
01:57
My family's poor, my area don't have better health care.
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ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื”, ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
02:01
I want to be a doctor to serve them."
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ืคื ื•ืœืฉืจืช ืื•ืชื.
02:03
Three times, that means three years, and I start getting old.
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื–ื“ืงืŸ.
02:08
I say, "Oh, no, I continue."
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ืืžืจืชื™, ืื•, ืœื, ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš.
02:10
So, I did tropical ecology and plant botany.
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ืื– ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ืช ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื ื™ืงื”.
02:16
When I finished, I went to the Ituri Forest for my internship.
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ื›ืฉืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื™ืขืจ ื”ืื™ืชื•ืจื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืชื™.
02:20
It's where I really getting passion with what I'm doing
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ืฉื ืคื™ืชื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื”
02:24
right up to now -- I'm standing in front of you --
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ืžืžืฉ ืขื“ ืจื’ืข ื–ื” ื‘ื• ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื,
02:28
doing botany and wildlife conservation.
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ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื‘ื•ื˜ื ื™ืงื” ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
02:32
That time the Ituri Forest was created as a forest reserve
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ื”ืื™ืชื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจื”
02:36
with some animals and also plants.
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ืขื ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ.
02:41
And the training center there was built
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ื•ื ื‘ื ื” ืฉื ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื”
02:43
around the scientific Congolese staff
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ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื“ืขื™ ืžืงื•ื ื’ื•
02:48
and some American scientists also.
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ื•ืžืกืคืจ ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ.
02:51
So, the Okapi Faunal Reserve protects number --
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ื›ืš ืฉืฉืžื•ืจืช ืื•ืงืคื™ ืคืื•ื ืœ ืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ --
02:54
I think that is the largest number of elephants
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืœื™ื
02:58
we have right now in protected areas in Congo.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืจื’ืข ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ื•.
03:01
It has also chimpanzees.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื™ื.
03:03
And it has been named Okapi Faunal Reserve
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ื•ื”ืฉืžื•ืจื” ื ืงืจืืช ืื•ืงืคื™ ืคืื•ื ืœ
03:06
because of this beautiful creature.
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ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื™ืคื™ืคื”.
03:09
That is a forest giraffe.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื’'ื™ืจืคืช ื”ื™ืขืจ.
03:11
I think you guys know it quite well.
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘.
03:14
Here we have savanna giraffes,
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ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’'ื™ืจืคืช ืกื•ื•ืื ื”
03:16
but through evolution we have this forest giraffe
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ืฉื”ืชืคืชื—ื” ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื’'ื™ืจืคืช ื™ืขืจ
03:21
that lives only in Congo.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืื ื“ืžื™ืช ืœืงื•ื ื’ื•.
03:23
It has also some beautiful primates.
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื’ื ืžืกืคืจ ืคืจื™ืžื˜ื™ื ื™ืคื™ื.
03:26
Thirteen species -- highest diversity we can find in one single area in Africa.
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13 ื–ื ื™ื -- ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
03:33
And it has the Ituri Forest itself --
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื™ืขืจ ื”ืื™ืชื•ืจื™ ืขืฆืžื• --
03:36
about 1,300 species of plants, so far known.
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ื› 1300 ื–ื ื™ ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื ืชื’ืœื• ืขื“ ื›ื”.
03:41
I joined the Wildlife Conservation Society, working there, in 1995,
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ื‘ 1995 ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืชื™ ืœืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื,
03:47
but I started working with them as a student in 1991.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ 1991 ื”ื—ืœืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื™ืชื ื›ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜.
03:50
I was appointed as a teaching assistant at my university
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ื”ืชืžื ืชื™ ืœืขื•ื–ืจ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื™
03:55
because I accomplished with honor.
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ื‘ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืช.
03:59
But I didn't like the way -- the instruction I got was very poor.
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ืืš ืœื ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ื“ืœื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™.
04:04
And I wanted to be formed to a training center and a research center.
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ื•ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืฉืชื™ื™ืš ืœืžืจื›ื– ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ืœืžืจื›ื– ืžื“ืขื™.
04:08
With the end of the dictatorship regime of Mobutu Sese Seko,
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ืขื ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื• ืกืกื” ืกืงื•,
04:13
that most of you know, life became very, very difficult.
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ืฉืจื•ื‘ื›ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื, ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืžืื“, ืžืื“ ืงืฉื™ื.
04:18
And the work we have been doing
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ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื™ื ื•
04:20
was completely difficult to do and to achieve it.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”.
04:24
When Kabila started his movement to liberate Congo,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื‘ื™ืœื” ื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœื• ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืงื•ื ื’ื•,
04:30
so Mobutu soldiers started moving and retreated.
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ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื• ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื ื•ืข ื•ืœืกื’ืช,
04:34
So they started fleeing from the east to the west.
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ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืžืœื˜ ืžื”ืžื–ืจื— ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื‘.
04:38
And the Okapi Faunal Reserve is there,
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ื•ืฉืžื•ืจืช ื”ืื•ืงืคื™ ืคืื•ื ืœ ื ืžืฆืืช ื›ืืŸ,
04:41
so there was a road from Goma, somewhere here,
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ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ืžื’ื•ื ื” ื ืžืฆืืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื• ื›ืืŸ,
04:46
and coming like this.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื–ื•.
04:48
So they might go through, pass through the Okapi Faunal Reserve.
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ืื– ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื—ืฆื•ืช, ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืฉืžื•ืจืช ื”ืื•ืงืคื™ ืคืื•ื ืœ.
04:53
Congo has five of the world's richest sites of protected area,
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ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ื• ื™ืฉื ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
04:59
and the Okapi Faunal Reserve is one of them.
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ื•ืฉืžื•ืจืช ื”ืื•ืงืคื™ ืคืื•ื ืœ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžื”ื.
05:02
So soldier was fleeing in the Okapi Faunal Reserve.
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ืื– ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื ืกื•ื’ื• ื“ืจืš ืฉืžื•ืจืช ื”ืื•ืงืคื™ ืคืื•ื ืœ.
05:05
On their way, they looted everything.
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ื•ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื”ื ื‘ื–ื–ื• ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
05:09
Torture, wars -- oh, my God, you can't believe.
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ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื, ืžืœื—ืžื” -- ืื•, ืืœื•ื”ื™, ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ.
05:12
Every person was looking his way -- where to go, we don't know.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื™ืคืฉื ื• ืœืืŸ ืœื”ื™ืžืœื˜, ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื•.
05:17
And it was for us, the young, the first time really
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ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืืžืช,
05:20
we hear the language of war, of guns.
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ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ืืช ืฉืคืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืฉืคืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ืื™ื.
05:25
And even people who faced the rebellion of 1963,
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืจื“ ืฉืœ 1963,
05:30
after our independence, they didn't believe what was happening.
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื™ื ื•, ืœื ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืœืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
05:36
They were killing people. They were doing whatever they want
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ื”ื ื”ืจื’ื• ืื ืฉื™ื, ื”ื ืขืฉื• ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื
05:38
because they have power.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื”ื›ื— ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
05:40
Who have been doing that?
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ื•ืžื™ ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช?
05:42
Young children. Child soldiers.
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ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื. ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
05:45
You can't ask him how old he is because he has guns.
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ื•ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ืจื•ื‘ื”.
05:50
But I was from the west, working in the east.
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ืื•ืœื ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื”ืžืขืจื‘, ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื–ืจื—,
05:53
I even [at] that time was not speaking Swahili.
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืกื•ืื”ื™ืœื™ืช.
05:57
And when they came, they looted everything.
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ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื”ื ื‘ื–ื–ื• ื”ื›ืœ.
05:59
You can't speak Lingala because Lingala was from Mobutu,
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ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืœื™ื ื’ืœื” ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืœื™ื ื’ืœื” ื‘ืื” ืžืžื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื•,
06:03
and everyone speaking Lingala is soldier.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื™ื ื’ืœื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœ.
06:06
And I was from the same area to him.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื•ืชื• ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•.
06:08
All my friends said, we are leaving because we are a target.
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ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช.
06:11
But I'm not going to the east, because I don't know Swahili.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืžื–ืจื—ื” ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืกื•ืื”ื™ืœื™ืช.
06:15
I stay. If I go, I will be killed.
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ื ืฉืืจืชื™. ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ื–ื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื”ืจื’.
06:17
I can't go back to my area -- it's more than 1,000 kilometers [away].
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื™ื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ -- ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž 1,000 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื.
06:21
I stayed after they looted everything.
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ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื–ื–ื• ื”ื›ืœ.
06:24
We have been doing research on botany,
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ืขืจื›ื ื• ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ื•ื˜ื ื™,
06:27
and we have a small herbarium of 4,500 sheets of plants.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื•ืกืฃ ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืŸ 4,500 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆืžื—ื™ื.
06:33
We cut, we dry and we packed them,
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ื—ืชื›ื ื•, ื™ื™ื‘ืฉื ื• ื•ืืจื–ื ื• ืื•ืชื,
06:35
we mounted them on a folder.
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ื•ื”ืชืงื ื• ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืฆื•ืช.
06:38
Purpose: so that we start them for agriculture,
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ื”ืžื˜ืจื” -- ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช,
06:42
for medicine, for whatever, and for science,
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ืจืคื•ืื”, ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ -- ื•ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืžื“ืข,
06:45
for the study of the flora and the change of the forest.
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ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืขืจ.
06:49
That is people moving around, that's even Pygmies.
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ืืœื• ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืื•ืจื—, ืืœื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื™ื’ืžื™ื [ืขื ืฉืœ ื ื ืกื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื].
06:52
And this is a bright guy, hard-working person, and Pygmy.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื‘ืจื™ืง, ืื“ื ื—ืจื•ืฅ ื•ืคื™ื’ืžื™.
06:59
I've been working with him about 10 years.
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ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืื™ืชื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื› 10 ืฉื ื™ื.
07:02
And with soldiers, they went to the forest for poaching elephants.
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ื•ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื, ื”ื ื™ืฆืื• ืœื™ืขืจ ืœืฆื•ื“ ืคื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™.
07:07
Because he's Pygmy, he knows how to track elephants in the forest.
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืคื™ื’ืžื™, ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืคื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืขืจ.
07:11
He has been attacked by a leopard and they abandon him in the forest.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืชืงืฃ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืžืจ ื•ื”ื ื ื˜ืฉื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืขืจ.
07:17
They came to told me, I have to save him.
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ื”ื ื‘ืื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉืขืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœื•.
07:20
And what I did, I gave him just antibiotics
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™, ื ืชืชื™ ืœื ืจืง ืื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืงื”
07:23
that we care for tuberculosis.
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ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืชื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื—ืคืช.
07:27
And fortunately, I saved his life.
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ื•ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื”ืฆืœืชื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•.
07:30
And that was the language of the war.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืคืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
07:34
Everywhere there has been constant extraction of mineral,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืจื™ื” ืžืชืžื“ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื,
07:39
killing animals, the logging timbers and so on.
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ื”ืจื™ื’ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืจื™ืชืช ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื›ื•'.
07:43
And what of important things --
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ื•ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื,
07:45
I think all of you here have a cell phone.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื“.
07:48
That mineral has killed a lot:
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ื”ืžื™ื ืจืœ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ ืจื‘ื™ื --
07:50
five millions of Congolese have gone because of this
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ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ื• ืžืชื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ
07:54
Colombo-Tantalite -- they call it Coltan --
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ื˜ื ื˜ืœื™ื˜-ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื˜, ื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื• ืงื•ืœื˜ืŸ.
07:57
that they use it to make cell phones
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ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื
08:00
and it has been in that area, all over in Congo. Extraction,
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ื•ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื–ื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืงื•ื ื’ื•,
08:05
and good, big business of the war.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืขืกืง ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
08:08
And what I did for the first war, after we have lost everything,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ื”ื›ืœ,
08:14
I have to save something, even myself, my life and life of the staff.
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ืขืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืžืฉื”ื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื™, ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื•ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช.
08:18
I buried some of our new vehicle engines, I buried it to save it.
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ืงื‘ืจืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืžื ื•ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืงื‘ืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœื.
08:24
And some of equipment went with them,
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ืœืš ืื™ืชื
08:26
on the top of the canopy, to save it.
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ื‘ืฆืžืจืช ื”ื™ืขืจ, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœื•.
08:28
He's not collecting plants, he's going to save our equipment
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ืกืฃ ืฆืžื—ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื•
08:31
on the canopy.
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ื‘ืฆืžืจืช.
08:33
And with the material that's left --
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ื•ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืจื• --
08:35
because they wanted to destroy it, to burn it,
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืื•ืชื•, ืœืฉืจื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื•.
08:38
they didn't understand it, they didn't go to school --
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ื”ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื ืœื ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ.
08:40
I packed it.
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ืืจื–ืชื™ ืื•ืชื•.
08:42
And that is me, going to, hurrying to Uganda,
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ื•ื–ื” ืื ื™, ื”ื•ืœืš, ืžืžื”ืจ ืœืื•ื’ื ื“ื”,
08:46
to try to save that 4,000 material,
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ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช 4,000 ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื [ื“ืคื™ ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื],
08:49
with people carrying them on the bikes, bicycles.
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืกื—ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ืื•ืคื ื•ืขื™ื, ืขืœ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื.
08:54
And after that, we succeeded.
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ื•ืื– ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื•.
08:56
I housed that 4,000 material at the herbarium of Makerere University.
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ืื™ื›ืกื ืชื™ ืืช 4,000 ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืžืงืจืจื”.
09:01
And after the war, I have been able to bring it back home,
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
09:05
so that we continue our studies.
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ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื ื•.
09:07
The second war came while we didn't expect it.
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ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ืื” ื‘ืžืคืชื™ืข.
09:11
With friends, we had been sitting and watching match football,
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ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ,
09:15
and having some good music with WorldSpace radio,
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ื•ืฉืžืขื ื• ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื“ื™ื• ื•ื•ืจืœื“ืกืคื™ื™ืก,
09:19
when it started, I think.
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘.
09:21
So, it was so bad.
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ืื–, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›"ื› ื’ืจื•ืข.
09:24
We heard that now from the east again the war started,
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ืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื ืคืชื—ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื”ืžื–ืจื—,
09:27
and it's going fast.
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ื•ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ืžื”ืจ.
09:29
This time I think Kabila will go in place of, as he did with Mobutu.
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ื”ืคืขื ื”ื–ื• ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืงื‘ื™ืœื” ื™ื•ื—ืœืฃ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืœืžื‘ื•ื˜ื•.
09:34
And the reserve was a target to the rebels.
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ื•ื”ืฉืžื•ืจื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื“ื™ื.
09:38
Three different movements and two militia acting in the same area
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉืชื™ ืžืœื™ืฆื™ื•ืช, ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืจ
09:44
and competing for natural resources.
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ืžืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
09:47
And there was no way to work.
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ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
09:49
They destroy everything.
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ื”ื ื”ืจืกื• ื”ื›ืœ.
09:51
Poaching -- oh, no way.
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ืฆื™ื™ื“ ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ -- ื”ื•, ื‘ืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื ื•ืื•ืคืŸ.
09:53
And that's the powerful men. We have to meet and to talk to them.
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ื•ืืœื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื— -- ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืคื’ืฉ ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื.
09:59
What's the regulation of the reserve
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ืžื” ื”ื ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื•ืจื”
10:01
and what is the regulation of the parks?
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ื•ืžื”ื ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืคืืจืงื™ื?
10:03
And they can't do what they are doing.
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ื•ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
10:06
So we went to meet them.
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ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื.
10:08
That is Coltan extraction, gold mining.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื›ืจื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื˜ืŸ, ื›ืจื™ื™ืช ื–ื”ื‘.
10:12
So, we started talking with them,
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ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื,
10:14
convincing them that we are in a protected area.
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ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ืŸ.
10:16
There are regulations
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ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื—ื•ืงื™ื
10:18
that it's prohibited to do logging, mining and poaching, specifically.
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ืฉืืกื•ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืœื›ืจื•ืช ืขืฆื™ื, ืœื›ืจื•ืช [ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื] ื•ืœืฆื•ื“, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
10:24
But they said, "You guys,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ืืชื,
10:26
you think that soldiers who are dying are not important,
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ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืžืชื™ื ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื
10:30
and your animals you are protecting are most important.
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ื•ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืฉืืชื ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช.
10:35
We don't think so.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืš.
10:37
We have to do it, because to let our movement advance."
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ืชืงื“ื."
10:41
I say, "No way, you are not going to do it here."
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ืืžืจืชื™, "ื‘ืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื ื•ืื•ืคืŸ, ืืชื ืœื ืชืขืฉื• ื–ืืช ื›ืืŸ."
10:44
We started talking with them and I was negotiating.
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ื”ื—ืœื ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื ื•ืื ื™ ื ืฉืืชื™ ื•ื ืชืชื™.
10:47
Tried to protect our equipment, tried to protect our staff
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื•, ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช
10:52
and the villages of about 1,500 people.
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ื•ืขืœ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื› 1,500 ืื ืฉื™ื.
10:56
And we continued.
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื•.
10:58
But I was doing that, negotiating with them.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื–ืืช, ืœืฉืืช ื•ืœืชืช ืื™ืชื,
11:01
Sometimes we are having meeting
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื”
11:03
and they are talking with Jean-Pierre Bemba,
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ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื–'ืืŸ ืคื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื‘ื”,
11:05
with Mbusa Nyamwisi, with Kabila, and I'm there.
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ืขื ืžื‘ื•ืกื” ื ื™ื™ืžื•ื™ืกื™, ื•ืื ื™ ื ืžืฆื ืฉื.
11:09
Sometimes, they talk to my own language, that is, Lingala.
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ื‘ืฉืคืชื™, ืœื™ื ื’ืœื”.
11:12
I hear it and what strategy they are doing, what they are planning.
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ื–ืืช ื•ืืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ื ื•ืงื˜ื™ื, ืžื” ื”ื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื.
11:16
Sometimes, they are having a helicopter
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืกื•ืง
11:18
to supply them with ammunition and so on.
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ืœืกืคืง ืœื”ื ืชื—ืžื•ืฉืช ื•ื›ื•'.
11:20
They used me to carry that, and I was doing counting,
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ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื™ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืกื—ื•ื‘ ื•ืื ื™ ืขืจื›ืชื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื,
11:25
what comes from where, and where, and where.
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ืžื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืื™ืคื”.
11:27
I had only this equipment -- my satellite phone, my computer
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ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื–ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” -- ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ื™ ืฉืœื™, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื™
11:33
and a plastic solar panel -- that I hide it in the forest.
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ื•ื”ืคืื ืœ ื”ืกื•ืœืืจื™ ืžืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืืชื™ ื‘ื™ืขืจ.
11:39
And every time, daily, after we have meeting,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื, ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื™ื•ืžื™, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืฉื ื•,
11:43
what compromise we have, whatever,
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ื›ืœ ืคืฉืจื” ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืืœื™ื”, ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ,
11:47
I go, I write a short email, send it.
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™, ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืื™-ืžื™ื™ืœ ืงืฆืจ ื•ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชื•.
11:50
I don't know how many people I had on my address.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืžื•ืฉื’ ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืกืคืชื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ืช,
11:54
I sent the message: what is going about the progress of the war
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ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
11:58
and what they are planning to do.
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ื•ืžื” ื”ื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
12:00
They started suspecting that what we do on the morning,
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ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื“ ืฉืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
12:04
and the afternoon, it's on the news, BBC, RFI.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื“ืฉื•ืช -- ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ ืกื™, ืืจ ืืฃ ืื™ื™.
12:07
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:08
Something might be going on.
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ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื˜ื— ืงื•ืจื”.
12:10
And one day, we went for a meeting.
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื”.
12:12
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
12:14
Sorry.
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื ืฆืœ.
12:18
One day, we went to meet the Chief Commander.
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ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืคืงื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™.
12:20
He had the same iridium cell phone like me.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ [ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื™] ืื™ืจื™ื“ื™ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื™
12:23
And he asked me, "Do you know how to use this?"
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื™, "ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื”?"
12:25
I said, "I have never seen it.
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ืขื ื™ืชื™, "ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ื–ื”.
12:27
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:28
I don't know."
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข."
12:30
And I had mine on my pocket.
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ื•ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื™ืกื™.
12:32
So, it was a chance that they trusted me a lot.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ืœ ืฉื”ื ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœื™ ืžืื“,
12:34
They didn't -- they was not looking on me.
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ืฉื”ื ืœื ื—ื™ืคืฉื• ืขืœื™.
12:36
So I was scared.
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ืื ื™ ืคื—ื“ืชื™.
12:38
And when we finished the meeting, I went to return it in the forest.
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ื•ื›ืฉืกื™ื™ืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ืขืจ.
12:42
And I was sending news, doing whatever,
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ื•ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื•ื›ื•',
12:46
reporting daily to the U.N., to UNESCO, to our institution in New York,
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ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™ ืœืื•"ื, ืœืื•ื ืกืงื•, ืœืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง
12:51
what have been going.
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ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
12:53
And for that, they have been having big pressure to leave, to free the area.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘, ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืจ.
12:58
Because there was no way --
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืžื•ืฆื --
13:00
whatever they do, it's known the same time.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื•, ื ื•ื“ืข ืžื™ื“.
13:02
During the first two rebellions, they killed all animals in the zoo.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื ื”ืจื’ื• ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช.
13:07
We have a zoo of 14 Okapis, and one of them was pregnant.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ 14 ื’'ื™ืจืคื•ืช ื™ืขืจ, ื•ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ.
13:11
And during the war, after a week of heavy war, fighting in the area,
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ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ื‘ื“ื”, ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ,
13:17
we succeeded: we had the first Okapi.
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ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• -- ื ื•ืœื“ ืœื ื• ื’'ื™ืจืฃ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
13:19
This is the only trouser and shirt remind me of this.
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ืืœื• ื”ืžื›ื ืก ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื [ืฉื”ื™ื•] ืœื™, ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœื™ ืืช ื–ื”.
13:22
This is not local population, this is rebels.
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ืืœื• ืื™ื ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื• ื”ื ืžื•ืจื“ื™ื.
13:25
They are now happy sending the news
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ื›ืขืช ื”ื ืฉืžื—ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
13:27
that they have protected the Okapi with the war,
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ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื’'ื™ืจืคื™ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”,
13:29
because we sent the news that they are killing
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืœื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื
13:32
and poaching everywhere.
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ืฆื“ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
13:33
After a week, we celebrated the birthday of that Okapi,
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ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื—ื’ื’ื ื• ืืช ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื”ื’'ื™ืจืฃ,
13:38
they killed an elephant, just 50 meters to the area
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ื”ื ื”ืจื’ื• ืคื™ืœ, ืจืง 50 ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžื”ืื–ื•ืจ
13:42
where the zoo, where Okapi was born.
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ืฉืœ ื’ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื’'ื™ืจืฃ ื ื•ืœื“.
13:45
And I was mad.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื›ืขืกืชื™.
13:46
I oppose it -- that they are now going to dissect it,
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ื”ืชื ื’ื“ืชื™ ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื ื™ื‘ืชืจื• ืื•ืชื•
13:48
until I do my report and then I see the Chief Commander.
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ืขื“ ืฉืืกื™ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื“ื•ื•ื— ืœืžืคืงื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™.
13:54
And I succeeded.
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ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™.
13:56
The elephant just decayed and they just got the tusks.
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ื”ืคื™ืœ ื ื™ืจืงื‘ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืžื ื• ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื˜ื™ื•.
14:01
What we are doing after that -- that was the situation of the war --
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ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืœืื—ืจ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”,
14:06
we have to rebuild.
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ื–ื” ืœืฉืงื.
14:08
I had some money. I was paid 150 dollars.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืกืฃ ืžืกื•ื™ื - ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืœื™ 150 ื“ื•ืœืจ.
14:11
I devoted half of it to rebuild the herbarium,
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ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ื—ืฆื™ ืžื–ื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื,
14:17
because we didn't have good infrastructure to start plants.
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื ืื•ืชื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžื˜ืขื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
14:20
Wildlife Conservation Society more dealing with plants.
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ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื˜ื™ืคืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฆืžื—ื™ื.
14:24
I started this with 70 dollars,
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ื”ื—ืœืชื™ ืขื 70 ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื
14:27
and start fundraising money to where I've been going.
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ื•ื”ื—ืœืชื™ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื›ืกืคื™ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืืœื™ื•.
14:31
I had opportunity to go all over,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘
14:33
where herbarium for my African material is.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœื™.
14:36
And they supported me a bit, and I built this.
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ื•ื”ื ืชืžื›ื• ื‘ื™ ืงืฆืช, ื•ื‘ื ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”.
14:41
Now, it's doing work to train young Congolese.
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ื•ื›ืขืช ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืงื•ื ื’ื•.
14:46
And also, what one of the speciality we are doing,
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
14:49
my design is tracking the global warming effect on biodiversity,
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ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ืœื”ืชื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืฉืคื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื,
14:55
and what the impacts of the Ituri Forest is playing to uptake carbon.
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ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืขืจ ื”ืื™ืชื•ืจื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืคื—ืžืŸ.
15:00
This is one of the studies we are doing on a 40-hectare plot,
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ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ืฉืœ 400 ื“ื•ื ื,
15:04
where we have tagged trees and lianas from one centimeters,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื™ื™ื’ื ื• ืขืฆื™ื ื•ืœื™ืื ื•ืช [ืžื˜ืคืกื™ื] ื”ื—ืœ ืžื’ื•ื“ืœ ืกื ื˜ื™ืžืจ ืื—ื“
15:08
and we are tracking them.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”ื.
15:10
We have now data of about 15 years,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืขืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ื› 15 ืฉื ื™ื,
15:14
to see how that forest is contributing to the carbon reductions.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืคื—ืžืŸ.
15:21
And that is -- I think it's difficult for me.
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ื•ื–ื” -- ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื™.
15:26
This is a very embarrassing talk, I know.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฉื™ื—ื” ืžืื“ ืžื‘ื™ื›ื”, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข --
15:29
I don't know where to start, where to finish it.
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ, ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื”.
15:32
When I was thinking to come here,
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ื›ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื›ืืŸ,
15:34
what best title I wanted to say to my talk, I didn't find this.
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ืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืื•ื ืฉืœื™.
15:39
But now I think that I would have titled it, "The Language of Guns."
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืขืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื•, "ืฉืคืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ื™ื."
15:44
Where are you people?
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ืื™ืคื” ืืชื ืื ืฉื™ื?
15:46
Now we are talking about reconstitution, rebuild Africa.
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ื›ืขืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
15:51
But is gun industries a tool to rebuild, or is it a game?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืื• ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืฉื—ืง?
15:59
I think we see the war like a game --
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ืžืฉื—ืง --
16:04
like soccer, football.
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ื›ืžื• ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ.
16:06
Everybody is happy, but see what it's doing,
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ื›ื•ืœื ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืจืื• ืžื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื”.
16:11
see what is going in Darfur.
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ืจืื• ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืืคื•ืจ.
16:13
Now we say, oh, my God.
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ื•ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื”ื•, ืืœื•ื”ื™ื.
16:14
See what the wars in Rwanda.
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ืจืื• ืžื” ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืจื•ืื“ื ื”.
16:16
That's because of the language of guns.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืฉืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ื™ื.
16:20
I don't think that someone may blame Google,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืืฉื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ื’ืœ,
16:24
because it's doing the right things,
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื,
16:27
even if people like Al-Qaeda are using Google
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืื ืฉื™ ืืœ-ืงืขื™ื“ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ
16:30
to connect between them.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื ื”ื.
16:32
But it's serving millions for the best.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืจืช ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
16:35
But what is doing with gun industries?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืขื ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฉืง?
16:38
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
16:40
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
16:45
Chris Anderson: Thank you, thank you.
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ: ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืš, ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืš.
16:47
Just wait over there.
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ื”ืžืชืŸ ืคื”.
16:50
It's an amazing story.
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ื–ื”ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
16:52
I suspect a lot of people here have the same question I have.
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ื›ืžื“ื•ืžืชื ื™ ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืคื” ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™ ื™ืฉ.
16:57
How can we help you?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš?
17:02
Corneille Ewango: That's really embarrassing questions.
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ืงื•ืจื ื™ื™ืœ ืื•ืื ื’ื•: ืืœื• ืฉืืœื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ืžื‘ื™ื›ื•ืช.
17:06
I think that now I feel nervous.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื ื‘ื•ืš.
17:08
And I think, helping us, people are acting sometimes by ignorance.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘, ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•, ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช.
17:14
I did it myself.
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ืื ื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ื ื”ื’ืชื™ ื›ืš.
17:16
If I know when I was young,
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ืœื• ื™ื“ืขืชื™, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืขื™ืจ,
17:18
that [by] killing an elephant, I'm destroying biodiversity,
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ืฉื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืจื’ืชื™ ืคื™ืœื™ื, ื”ืจืกืชื™ ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื,
17:21
I would not have done it.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช.
17:23
Many, many of you have seen the talents of Africans,
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ืจื‘ื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ืจืื™ืชื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื,
17:27
but there are few who are going to school.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ.
17:31
Many are dying because of all those kind of pandemics,
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืชื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื’ืคื•ืช ืขืœ,
17:36
HIV, malaria, poverty, not going to school.
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ืื™ื™ื“ืก, ืžืœืจื™ื”, ืขื•ื ื™, ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ.
17:41
What you can assist us, it's by building capacities.
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ืžื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช.
17:45
How many have got opportunity like me
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ืœื›ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื•ื ื™
17:47
to go to U.S., do a master's?
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ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
17:49
And go -- now, I'm in the Netherlands to do a Ph.D.
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ื•ืœื ืกื•ืข -- ื›ืขืช ืื ื™ ื‘ื”ื•ืœื ื“ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜.
17:52
But many of them are just here, because they don't have money.
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืคื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ.
17:55
And they can't go even to university.
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ื•ื”ื ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”.
17:58
They can't even attain the bachelor's degree.
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
18:01
Building capacities for the young generation
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ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ
18:05
is going to make a better generation
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ืชื‘ื ื” ื“ื•ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
18:07
and a better future tomorrow for Africa.
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ื•ืžื—ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืืคืจื™ืงื”.
18:10
CA: Thank you, thank you.
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ: ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืš, ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืš.
18:11
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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