The unforeseen consequences of a fast-paced world | Kathryn Bouskill

159,234 views ใƒป 2020-01-08

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Shlomo Adam ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Tal Hemu
00:12
Do you ever wonder why we're surrounded with things that help us do everything
0
12686
3898
ื”ืื ืชื”ื™ืชื ืื™-ืคืขื ืœืžื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืงืคื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ
00:16
faster and faster and faster?
1
16608
3003
ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืจ?
00:20
Communicate faster,
2
20294
1241
ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
00:21
but also work faster, bank faster,
3
21559
2946
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื ื”ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
00:24
travel faster, find a date faster,
4
24529
2934
ืœื ืกื•ืข ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœืฆืืช ืœื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
00:27
cook faster, clean faster and do all of it all at the same time?
5
27487
4832
ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื ืงื•ืช ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช?
00:32
How do you feel about cramming even more into every waking hour?
6
32803
4514
ืžื”ื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื›ื ื›ืฉืืชื ื“ื•ื—ืกื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ืฉืขืช ืขืจื•ืช?
00:38
Well, to my generation of Americans,
7
38690
2213
ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื ืฉืœื™,
00:40
speed feels like a birthright.
8
40927
2249
ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืจื’ืฉืช ื›ืžื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืœื“ืช.
00:43
Sometimes I think our minimum speed is Mach 3.
9
43200
3343
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืžื”ื™ืจื•ืชื ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืืš 3.
00:46
Anything less, and we fear losing our competitive edge.
10
46567
3397
ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื–ื”, ืื ื• ืคื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ืชืจื•ื ื ื• ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™.
00:50
But even my generation is starting to question
11
50634
2627
ืื‘ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืงืคืง
00:53
whether we're the masters of speed
12
53285
2487
ืื ืื ื• ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
00:55
or if speed is mastering us.
13
55796
2526
ืื• ืื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื ื•.
00:59
I'm an anthropologist at the Rand Corporation,
14
59475
2422
ืื ื™ ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ "ืจืื ื“",
01:01
and while many anthropologists study ancient cultures,
15
61921
2775
ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช,
01:04
I focus on modern day cultures and how we're adapting
16
64720
3018
ืื ื™ ืžืชืžืงื“ืช ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืกืชื’ืœื•ืชื ื•
01:07
to all of this change happening in the world.
17
67762
3197
ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืชื—ื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
01:11
Recently, I teamed up with an engineer, Seifu Chonde, to study speed.
18
71681
5304
ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขื ืžื”ื ื“ืก, ืกื™ื™ืคื• ืฆ'ื•ื ื“ื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื™ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกืชื’ืœื™ื ืœืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื”ืืฆื” ื”ื–ื”
01:17
We were interested both in how people are adapting to this age of acceleration
19
77009
5034
ื•ืœื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช.
01:22
and its security and policy implications.
20
82067
3006
01:25
What could our world look like in 25 years
21
85556
2460
ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืจืื” ืขื•ืœืžื ื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ 25 ืฉื ื”
ืื ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืื™ืฅ?
01:28
if the current pace of change keeps accelerating?
22
88040
2883
01:30
What would it mean for transportation,
23
90947
1865
ืžื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื”,
01:32
or learning, communication,
24
92836
2396
ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช,
01:35
manufacturing, weaponry
25
95256
2437
ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ, ื”ื ืฉืง
01:37
or even natural selection?
26
97717
1922
ื•ืืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•?
01:40
Will a faster future make us more secure and productive?
27
100253
3591
ื”ืื ืขืชื™ื“ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
01:44
Or will it make us more vulnerable?
28
104279
2338
ืื• ืืช ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืชื ื•?
01:47
In our research, people accepted acceleration as inevitable,
29
107203
4004
ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืืฆื” ื›ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ืžื ืขืช,
01:51
both the thrills and the lack of control.
30
111231
2669
ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ื’ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”.
01:53
They fear that if they were to slow down,
31
113924
2137
ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื™ืื™ื˜ื•,
ื”ื ืžืกืชื›ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช.
01:56
they might run the risk of becoming obsolete.
32
116085
2658
01:58
They say they'd rather burn out than rust out.
33
118767
2823
ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉื—ืง ื•ืœื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื—ืœื•ื“ื”.
02:02
Yet at the same time,
34
122285
1291
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื ืฉื™ืžื”,
02:03
they worry that speed could erode their cultural traditions
35
123600
3193
ื”ื ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ืฉืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืฉื—ื•ืง ืืช ืžืกื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•ืช
02:06
and their sense of home.
36
126817
1716
ื•ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
02:09
But even people who are winning at the speed game
37
129524
2352
ืื‘ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื ืฆื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
02:11
admit to feeling a little uneasy.
38
131900
1884
ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื—ืฉื™ื ืื™-ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช.
02:13
They see acceleration as widening the gap between the haves,
39
133808
3599
ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ื”ืืฆื” ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื -
02:17
the jet-setters who are buzzing around,
40
137431
2495
ืื ืฉื™ ื—ื•ื’-ื”ืกื™ืœื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืกื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื -
02:19
and the have-nots,
41
139950
1366
ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื,
02:21
who are left in the digital dust.
42
141340
2382
ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจ, ื‘ืื‘ืง ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™.
02:24
Yes, we have good reason to forecast that the future will be faster,
43
144984
4064
ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ื”
02:29
but what I've come to realize
44
149072
1723
02:30
is that speed is paradoxical,
45
150819
2523
ืฉื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก,
02:33
and like all good paradoxes,
46
153366
1808
ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ื˜ื•ื‘,
ื”ื•ื ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
02:35
it teaches us about the human experience,
47
155198
2699
02:37
as absurd and complex as it is.
48
157921
3088
ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื’ื•ื—ื›ืช ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช.
02:41
The first paradox is that we love speed,
49
161899
2412
ื”ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
02:44
and we're thrilled by its intensity.
50
164335
2081
ื•ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืฉืœื” ืžืจื’ืฉืช ืื•ืชื ื•.
02:46
But our prehistoric brains aren't really built for it,
51
166440
3672
ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืคืจื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืš,
ื”ืžืฆืื ื• ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ื, ืจื›ื‘ื™ ืžื™ืจื•ืฅ ื•ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ืขืœ-ืงื•ืœื™ื™ื,
02:50
so we invent roller coasters and race cars and supersonic planes,
52
170136
4467
02:54
but we get whiplash, carsick,
53
174627
3125
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืฆืœื™ืคื•ืช-ืฉื•ื˜, ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื”,
02:57
jet-lagged.
54
177776
1160
ื™ืขืคืช.
02:59
We didn't evolve to multitask.
55
179584
2277
ืœื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ,
03:01
Rather, we evolved to do one thing with incredible focus,
56
181885
4104
ืืœื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืขืฆื•ื,
ื›ืžื• ืฆื™ื“ - ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื”
03:06
like hunt -- not necessarily with great speed
57
186013
2894
03:08
but with endurance for great distance.
58
188931
2750
ืื‘ืœ ืขื ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื.
03:11
But now there's a widening gap between our biology and our lifestyles,
59
191705
4146
ืื‘ืœ ื›ืขืช ืžืชืจื—ื‘ ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื’ื ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
03:15
a mismatch between what our bodies are built for and what we're making them do.
60
195875
4652
ื—ื•ืกืจ-ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืคื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ื›ื•ืคื™ื ืขืœื™ื•,
03:20
It's a phenomenon my mentors have called "Stone Agers in the fast lane."
61
200870
5345
ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื›ื™ื ื• "ื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ".
03:26
(Laughter)
62
206239
1227
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:28
A second paradox of speed is that it can be measured objectively. Right?
63
208087
3498
03:31
Miles per hour, gigabytes per second.
64
211609
2890
ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืœืฉืขื”, ื’'ื™ื’ื”-ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื”,
03:34
But how speed feels,
65
214939
2240
ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืš ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื”
03:37
and whether we like it,
66
217203
1452
ื•ื”ืื ืื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื” --
03:38
is highly subjective.
67
218679
1660
ืืœื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:40
So we can document
68
220717
1763
ืื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืชืขื“
03:42
that the pace at which we are adopting new technologies is increasing.
69
222504
4259
ืฉื”ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจ.
03:46
For example, it took 85 years from the introduction of the telephone
70
226787
5182
ืœืžืฉืœ, ื ื“ืจืฉื• 85 ืฉื ื” ืžื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ
03:51
to when the majority of Americans had phones at home.
71
231993
2950
ื•ืขื“ ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
03:55
In contrast, it only took 13 years for most of us to have smartphones.
72
235438
4713
ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื—ืœืคื• ืจืง 13 ืฉื ื” ืขื“ ืฉืœืžืจื‘ื™ืชื ื• ื”ื™ื• ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื.
04:00
And how people act and react to speed
73
240627
2599
ื•ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื•ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
04:03
varies by culture and among different people within the same culture.
74
243250
4977
ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืช.
04:08
Interactions that could be seen as pleasantly brisk and convenient
75
248251
3157
ืื™ื ื˜ืจืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืงืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื ืขื™ืžื•ืช
04:11
in some cultures
76
251432
1319
ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช
04:12
could be seen as horribly rude in others.
77
252775
2025
ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื—ื•ืกืจ-ื ื™ืžื•ืก ื ื•ืจืื™ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.
04:14
I mean, you wouldn't go asking for a to-go cup at a Japanese tea ceremony
78
254824
4407
ื”ืจื™ ืœื ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ื›ื•ืก ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ืช ื‘ื˜ืงืก ืชื” ื™ืคื ื™,
04:19
so you could jet off to your next tourist stop.
79
259255
2512
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืืชืจ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœื›ื,
04:21
Would you?
80
261791
1193
ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
04:23
A third paradox is that speed begets speed.
81
263968
4272
ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืœื™ื“ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
04:28
The faster I respond, the more responses I get,
82
268264
2256
ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืžื”ืจืช ืœืขื ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืขื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:30
the faster I have to respond again.
83
270544
1983
ื•ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื™ ืœืขื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:33
Having more communication
84
273241
1950
ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืงืฆื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื ืชื•ืŸ
04:35
and information at our fingertips
85
275215
2239
04:37
at any given moment
86
277478
1619
ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœืงืœื” ื•ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:39
was supposed to make decision-making easier and more rational.
87
279121
3881
04:44
But that doesn't really seem to be happening.
88
284209
2344
ืื‘ืœ ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืงื•ืจื”.
04:47
Here's just one more paradox:
89
287759
2135
ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ืื—ื“:
04:50
If all of these faster technologies were supposed to free us from drudgery,
90
290601
5470
ืื ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืช-ืคืจืš,
ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉืื ื• ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืœื—ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ?
04:56
why do we all feel so pressed for time?
91
296095
2871
04:58
Why are we crashing our cars in record numbers,
92
298990
2735
ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจื™-ืฉื™ื,
05:01
because we think we have to answer that text right away?
93
301749
3398
ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขื ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื”?
05:05
Shouldn't life in the fast lane feel a little more fun
94
305878
3496
ื”ืื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื™ืคื™ื™ื
05:09
and a little less anxious?
95
309398
1607
ื•ืงืฆืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืฆื™ื?
05:11
German speakers even have a word for this:
96
311464
2484
ืœื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ืœื” ืœื–ื”:
05:13
"Eilkrankheit."
97
313972
1444
"ืื™ื™ืœืงืจืื ืงื”ื™ื™ื˜".
05:15
In English, that's "hurry sickness."
98
315440
3014
ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช: ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื—ืคื–ื•ืŸ.
ื›ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
05:19
When we have to make fast decisions,
99
319055
2689
05:21
autopilot brain kicks in,
100
321768
1822
ื ื›ื ืก ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืก ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื‘ืžื•ื—
05:23
and we rely on our learned behaviors,
101
323614
2638
ื•ืื ื• ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืœืžื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
05:26
our reflexes, our cognitive biases,
102
326276
3822
ื”ืจืคืœืงืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
05:30
to help us perceive and respond quickly.
103
330122
2912
05:33
Sometimes that saves our lives, right?
104
333502
2001
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
05:35
Fight or flight.
105
335527
1194
ื”ื™ืœื—ื-ืื•-ื‘ืจื—.
ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ืžืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืจื—ื•ืง.
05:37
But sometimes, it leads us astray in the long run.
106
337134
3345
05:41
Oftentimes, when our society has major failures,
107
341443
3491
ืงื•ืจื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื”ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•
05:44
they're not technological failures.
108
344958
2898
ืื™ื ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื,
05:47
They're failures that happen when we made decisions too quickly
109
347880
3821
ืืœื• ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืฉื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื›ืš ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื—ืคื•ื–ื•ืช ืžื“ื™
05:51
on autopilot.
110
351725
1515
ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืก ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™.
05:53
We didn't do the creative or critical thinking required
111
353264
2811
ืœื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ืื• ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื”
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช,
05:56
to connect the dots
112
356099
1395
05:57
or weed out false information
113
357518
1817
ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื•ื–ื‘
05:59
or make sense of complexity.
114
359359
2214
ืื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื.
06:02
That kind of thinking can't be done fast.
115
362352
3337
ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื”ืจ ืกื•ื’ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ื–ื”.
06:05
That's slow thinking.
116
365713
1882
ื–ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื™ื˜ื™ืช.
06:08
Two psychologists, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky,
117
368218
3062
ืฉื ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื, ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื›ื”ื ืžืŸ ื•ืขืžื•ืก ื˜ื‘ืจืกืงื™,
06:11
started pointing this out back in 1974,
118
371304
3225
ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื•ื“ ื‘-1974,
06:14
and we're still struggling to do something with their insights.
119
374553
3446
ื•ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืขื ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
06:19
All of modern history can be thought of as one spurt of acceleration after another.
120
379340
4430
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืคืจืฆื™ ื”ืืฆื” ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื”.
06:23
It's as if we think if we just speed up enough,
121
383794
2337
ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื ืื™ืฅ ืžืกืคื™ืง,
ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
06:26
we can outrun our problems.
122
386155
2011
06:28
But we never do.
123
388797
1533
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืงื•ืจื”.
06:30
We know this in our own lives,
124
390354
1801
ื–ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
ื•ื’ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช.
06:32
and policymakers know it, too.
125
392179
2211
06:34
So now we're turning to artificial intelligence
126
394940
2307
ืื– ื›ืขืช ืื ื• ืคื•ื ื™ื ืืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช
06:37
to help us make faster and smarter decisions
127
397271
2409
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื• ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:39
to process this ever-expanding universe of data.
128
399704
3504
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ืงื•ื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœื ื•.
06:44
But machines crunching data are no substitute
129
404412
3412
ืื‘ืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ
06:47
for critical and sustained thinking
130
407848
2442
ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ืช
06:50
by humans,
131
410314
1210
ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื,
06:51
whose Stone Age brains need a little time to let their impulses subside,
132
411548
4861
ืฉืžื•ื— ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืงืฆืช ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื“ื—ืคื™ื ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื›ื›ื•,
06:56
to slow the mind
133
416433
1707
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืื™ื˜ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ
ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื–ืจื•ื.
06:58
and let the thoughts flow.
134
418164
1712
ืื ื ืจืื” ืœื›ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืœืžื™ื,
07:01
If you're starting to think that we should just hit the brakes,
135
421040
3172
07:04
that won't always be the right solution.
136
424236
3153
ื–ื” ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
07:07
We all know that a train that's going too fast around a bend can derail,
137
427413
4097
ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉืžื‘ืฆืขืช ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ืžื”ืจ ืžื“ื™, ืชืจื“ ืžื”ืคืกื™ื,
07:11
but Seifu, the engineer,
138
431534
1962
ืื‘ืœ ืกื™ื™ืคื•, ื”ืžื”ื ื“ืก,
07:13
taught me that a train that's going too slowly around a bend can also derail.
139
433520
4721
ืœื™ืžื“ ืื•ืชื™ ืฉืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ื ื•ืกืขืช ืœืื˜ ืžื“ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืจื“ืช ืžื”ืคืกื™ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ.
07:18
So managing this spurt of acceleration starts with the understanding
140
438860
4953
ื›ืš ืฉื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืจืฅ ื”ื”ืืฆื” ื”ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ื”ื”ื‘ื ื”
07:23
that we have more control over speed than we think we do,
141
443837
3536
ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
07:27
individually and as a society.
142
447397
3181
ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื’ื ื›ื—ื‘ืจื”.
07:30
Sometimes, we'll need to engineer ourselves to go faster.
143
450602
3278
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื ื“ืก ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ืœื ื•ืข ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:33
We'll want to solve gridlock,
144
453904
1807
ื›ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืคืชื•ื— ืคืงืงื™ ืชื ื•ืขื”,
07:35
speed up disaster relief for hurricane victims
145
455735
2655
ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ืงืŸ
07:38
or use 3-D printing to produce what we need on the spot,
146
458414
3418
ืื• ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ื”ื“ืคืกื” ืชืœืช-ืžื™ืžื“ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“,
07:41
just when we need it.
147
461856
1423
ืžืžืฉ ื›ืฉืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื•.
07:43
Sometimes, though, we'll want to make our surroundings feel slower
148
463955
3941
ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื ืจืฆื” ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืชื•ืจื’ืฉ ืื™ื˜ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
07:47
to engineer the crash out of the speedy experience.
149
467920
3387
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื“ืก ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ืคื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•.
07:51
And it's OK not to be stimulated all the time.
150
471861
3876
ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
07:55
It's good for adults
151
475761
1506
ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื
07:57
and for kids.
152
477291
1277
ื•ื’ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื.
ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืžืฉืขืžื, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืจื”ืจ.
07:59
Maybe it's boring, but it gives us time to reflect.
153
479043
3583
08:03
Slow time is not wasted time.
154
483258
3480
ื–ืžืŸ ืื™ื˜ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื–ื‘ื–.
ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ื’ื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืžื” ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘-"ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ".
08:08
And we need to reconsider what it means to save time.
155
488142
3749
08:12
Culture and rituals around the world build in slowness,
156
492318
3877
ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืงืกื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช,
08:16
because slowness helps us reinforce our shared values and connect.
157
496219
4562
ื›ื™ ื”ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื ื• ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืขืจื›ื™ื ื• ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ.
08:20
And connection is a critical part of being human.
158
500805
3257
ื•ืงืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช.
08:25
We need to master speed,
159
505387
1644
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื ืชื•ื ื”.
08:27
and that means thinking carefully about the trade-offs of any given technology.
160
507055
4179
08:31
Will it help you reclaim time that you can use to express your humanity?
161
511629
4417
ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ื—ื–ืจื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืชื›ื?
ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื—ืคื–ื•ืŸ?
08:36
Will it give you hurry sickness? Will it give other people hurry sickness?
162
516070
3786
08:39
If you're lucky enough to decide the pace that you want to travel through life,
163
519880
4522
ืื ื ื•ืคืœืช ืœื™ื“ื›ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ืชืจืฆื• ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื,
08:44
it's a privilege.
164
524426
1405
ื”ืจื™ ื–ืืช ืคืจื™ื‘ื™ืœื’ื™ื”.
08:46
Use it.
165
526464
1151
ื ืฆืœื• ืื•ืชื”.
08:48
You might decide that you need both to speed up
166
528250
2717
ืื•ืœื™ ืชื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืื™ืฅ
08:50
and to create slow time:
167
530991
2003
ื•ื’ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืื™ื˜ื™:
08:53
time to reflect,
168
533869
1730
ื–ืžืŸ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื”,
08:55
to percolate
169
535623
1629
ืœืชืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื—ืœื—ืœ
08:57
at your own pace;
170
537276
1442
ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœื›ื;
08:59
time to listen,
171
539688
1255
ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘,
09:01
to empathize,
172
541611
1340
ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช,
09:03
to rest your mind,
173
543517
1542
ืœืชืช ืœื ืคืฉ ืœื”ื™ืจื’ืข,
09:05
to linger at the dinner table.
174
545890
1928
ืœื”ืฉืชื”ื•ืช ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืืจื•ื—ื”.
09:09
So as we zoom into the future,
175
549402
1985
ืื– ื›ืฉืื ื• ืฆื•ืคื™ื ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“,
09:11
let's consider setting the technologies of speed,
176
551411
3761
ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
ืืช ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
09:15
the purpose of speed
177
555196
1881
ื•ืืช ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืžื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
09:17
and our expectations of speed
178
557101
2695
09:19
to a more human pace.
179
559820
2259
ืœืงืฆื‘ ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:22
Thank you.
180
562760
1153
ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
09:23
(Applause)
181
563937
1515
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7