Katie Mack: The death of the universe -- and what it means for life | TED Fellows

72,904 views ใƒป 2021-05-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Naama Lieberman
00:02
[SHAPE YOUR FUTURE]
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00:04
I love the universe.
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[ืขืฆื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื›ื]
00:07
The vastness, the mystery,
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืงื•ื.
00:09
the astonishing beauty of the stars.
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ื”ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืŸ,
00:12
I love everything about it,
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00:13
and I've devoted my life to studying it.
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ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.
ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•,
00:16
From atoms to galaxies,
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ื•ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•.
00:18
from beginning to end.
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ืžืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ืœื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช,
00:20
But lately, I've gotten stuck on that last bit.
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ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืœืกื•ืฃ.
00:23
The fact that the universe is dying.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื ืชืงืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
00:26
I know this may come as a shock.
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ืงื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืžื•ืช.
00:28
I mean, it's the universe, it's everything.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ื›ืฉื•ืง.
00:31
It's supposed to be eternal, right?
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช, ื–ื” ื”ื™ืงื•ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืœ.
00:33
But it isn't.
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00:34
We know the universe had a beginning
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ื”ื•ื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืฆื—ื™, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
00:36
and everything that begins ends.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื.
00:38
The start of the story is a familiar one.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืœื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื—ืœื”
ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืกืชื™ื™ื.
00:40
In the beginning, there was light.
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ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื•ื›ืจืช.
00:43
We know that because we can see it directly.
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืจ.
00:46
The cosmos today is filled with low-energy background radiation
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
00:50
left over from a time
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ื”ืงื•ืกืžื•ืก ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืœื ื‘ืงืจื™ื ืช ืจืงืข ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”
00:51
when the whole universe was an all-encompassing inferno.
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ืฉื ืฉืืจื” ืžื–ืžืŸ
00:55
In its first 380,000 years, space wasn't cold or dark.
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ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ืงื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื• ื›ื‘ืฉืŸ.
ื‘-380,000 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ื”ื—ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืจ ืื• ื—ืฉื•ืš.
01:00
It was thick with a churning, humming plasma.
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01:03
It was hot and dense.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืกืžื™ืš ืขื ืคืœื–ืžื” ืžื–ืžื–ืžืช ื•ืžืชืขืจื‘ืœืช.
01:05
It was loud.
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01:07
But it was also expanding.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื•ื“ื—ื•ืก.
01:09
Over time, the fire dissipated and space cooled.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืขืฉ.
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ืชืจื—ื‘.
ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ืืฉ ืฉื›ื—ื” ื•ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ืชืงืจืจ.
01:13
Clouds of gas pulled together by their own gravity
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01:16
formed stars and galaxies and planets and us.
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ืขื ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ื– ื ืžืฉื›ื• ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื
ื•ื™ืฆืจื• ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืœื ื˜ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืชื ื•.
01:21
And one day,
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01:22
astronomers using a microwave receiver detected a bit of static
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“,
01:26
coming from every direction in the sky,
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ืืกื˜ืจื•ื ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืงืœื˜ ื’ืœื™ ืžื™ืงืจื• ื’ื™ืœื• ืžืขื˜ ืจืขืฉ ืกื˜ื˜ื™
01:28
the leftover radiation from that primordial fire.
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ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืžื›ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื,
ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ื ื” ืžื”ืืฉ ื”ืงื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื–ื•.
01:33
We can now map out the cosmos
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01:35
to the farthest reaches of the observable universe.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงื•ืกืžื•ืก ืฉืœื ื•
01:38
We can see distant galaxies
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ืœืงืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงื•ื ื”ื ืฆืคื”.
01:40
whose light has taken billions of years to reach us.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื—ืงื•ืช
01:42
So by looking at them, we are looking deep into the past.
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ืฉืœืื•ืจืŸ ืœืงื— ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื ื•.
01:46
We can watch how the expansion of the universe has slowed down
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ืื– ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ืขืžื•ืง ืœืขื‘ืจ.
01:50
since that hot early phase 13.8 billion years ago.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงื•ื ื”ื•ืื˜ื”
ืžืื– ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื—ื ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ืœืคื ื™ 13.8 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉื ื™ื.
01:54
We can see collisions of entire galaxies
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01:56
and watch the bursts of star formation,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช
01:59
that result from the sudden conflagration of all that cosmic hydrogen.
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ื•ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื,
ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืคืชืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ืžืŸ ื”ืงื•ืกืžื™ ื”ื–ื”.
02:03
And we can see that these collisions are happening less and less.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช.
02:08
The expansion of the universe isn't slowing down anymore.
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02:11
A few billion years ago, it started speeding up.
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ื”ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงื•ื ืœื ืžืื˜ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:15
Distant galaxies are getting farther apart
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืื™ืฅ.
02:17
faster and faster.
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ื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื—ืงื•ืช ืžืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืช ืžื”ืฉื ื™ื”
02:19
Star formation has slowed.
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ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:22
In fact, we can calculate exactly how much.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ืื˜ื”.
02:25
And when we do, we find something shocking.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื”.
02:28
Of all the stars that have ever been born or that ever will be,
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
ืžื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืื• ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ื™ื”ื™ื•,
02:32
around 90 percent have already come into being.
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02:35
From now until the end of time,
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ื‘ืขืจืš 90 ืื—ื•ื– ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืฆืจื•.
02:37
the universe is working on just that last 10 percent.
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ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืงื•ื,
ื”ื™ืงื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืจืง ืขืœ 10 ื”ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.
02:42
The end of the universe is coming.
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02:45
There are a few ways it could happen,
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ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืงื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข.
02:46
but the most likely is called the heat death,
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ,
02:49
and it's an agonizing, slow languishing of the cosmos.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื ืงืจืืช ืžื•ื•ืช ื—ื•ื,
ื•ื–ื• ื“ืขื™ื›ื” ืื™ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžื™ื™ืกืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงื•ื.
02:53
Stars burn out and leave smoldering ash.
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02:56
Galaxies become increasingly isolated in their own dim pools of light.
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ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืืคืจ ืžืขืฉืŸ.
ื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
03:01
Particles decay.
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03:03
Even black holes evaporate into the void.
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ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ื ื“ื•ืขื›ื™ื.
03:07
Of course, we still have some time.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืžืชืื“ื™ื ืœืจื™ืง.
03:10
The heat death is so far in the future, we hardly have words to describe it.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช ื–ืžืŸ.
ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื—ื•ืง ื‘ืขืชื™ื“, ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœืชืืจ ืื•ืชื•.
03:14
Long past a billion years,
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03:16
when the sun expands and boils off the oceans of the Earth.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ื,
03:20
Long past 100 billion years,
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ื›ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ืชืชืจื—ื‘ ื•ืชืจืชื™ื— ืืช ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
03:22
when we lose the ability to see distant galaxies
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ 100 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ื,
03:26
and that faint trace of Big Bang light.
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ื›ืฉื ืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืจืื•ืช ื’ืœืงืกื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื—ืงื•ืช
03:28
Long after we are left alone in the darkness
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ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืืจื™ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืฅ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
03:32
watching the Milky Way fade.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ืฉืืจ ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื—ืฉื›ื”
ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืžืชืขืžืขื.
03:37
It's OK to be sad about it,
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03:39
even if it is trillions of years in the future.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื–ื”,
03:41
No one wants to think about something they love coming to an end.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื–ื” ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
03:45
As disconnected as it may be to us here and now,
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœืกื•ืคื•.
03:49
it is somehow more profound than personal death.
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ื›ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืคื” ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
03:52
We have strategies for accepting the inevitability of that.
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ื–ื” ืื™ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืžืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™.
03:56
After all, we tell ourselves, something of us will live on.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื ื•, ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช.
04:00
Maybe it will be our great works.
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04:02
Maybe it will be our children, carrying on our genetic material
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ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
04:05
or perhaps our basic outlook on life.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•, ืฉื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœื ื•
04:08
Maybe it will be some idea worth spreading.
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
04:12
Humanity might venture out into the stars and evolve and change,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ.
ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืื•ืœื™ ืชืฆื ืืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืชืชืคืชื— ื•ืชืฉืชื ื”,
04:16
but something of us will survive.
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04:19
But if the universe ends,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ืฉืจื•ื“.
04:21
at some point we have no legacy.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื™ืงื•ื ื™ืกืชื™ื™ื,
04:24
There will come a time when, in a very real sense,
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ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืžื•ืจืฉืช.
04:27
our existence will not have mattered.
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ื™ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ, ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืžืฉื™,
04:29
The slate will be wiped clean completely.
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ื”ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ื™ืฉื ื”.
04:33
Why should we spend our lives
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ื”ืœื•ื— ื™ืžื—ืง ืœื’ืžืจื™.
04:35
seeking answers to the ultimate questions of reality
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ืœืžื” ืฉื ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•
04:37
if eventually there will be no one left to tell?
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ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช
04:41
Why build a sandcastle when you can see that the tide is coming in?
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ืื ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื•?
ืœืžื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืจืช ื—ื•ืœ ื›ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืช ืžืชืงืจื‘ืช?
04:46
I've asked a dozen other cosmologists
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04:48
and they all had different answers.
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืงื•ืกืžื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
04:50
To some, the death of the cosmos just seems right.
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ื•ืœื›ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
ืœื›ืžื”, ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืกืžื•ืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืจืื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
04:54
It's freeing to know that we are temporary.
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04:57
"I very much like our blipness," one told me.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื—ืจืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื.
05:00
To others, the question itself motivates the search for some alternative theory.
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โ€œืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ืœื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,โ€ ืื—ื“ ืืžืจ ืœื™.
ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ื”ืฉืืœื” ืขืฆืžื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœื—ืคืฉ ืชืื•ืจื™ื” ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.
05:05
There must be some way to carry on.
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05:07
The slow fade to black just cannot be how our story ends.
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš.
ื”ื”ืชืขืžืขืžื•ืช ื”ืื™ื˜ื™ืช ืœืฉื—ื•ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืš ืฉื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืกืชื™ื™ื.
05:11
One found comfort in the possibility of the multiverse.
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05:15
"It's not all about us," he said.
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ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืฆื ื ื—ืžื” ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืœื˜ื™ ื™ืงื•ื.
05:18
Personally, I feel lucky.
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โ€œืœื ื”ื›ืœ ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ื•,โ€ ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ.
05:21
Our cosmos existed for billions of years before us
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ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืจืช ืžื–ืœ.
05:24
and it will carry on long after we are gone.
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ื”ื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ื•
05:26
For this brief moment, we are here.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ื ื•.
05:30
We may be insignificant to the cosmos as a whole,
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ืœืจื’ืข ื”ืงืฆืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื”.
05:33
but we have an immense power to understand it,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืœื™ ื—ืกืจื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœืงื•ืกืžื•ืก ื›ื•ืœื•,
05:36
to see the beginning,
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ื•ื— ืขืฆื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•,
05:38
to contemplate the end,
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”,
05:40
to look up into the sky
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05:41
and see ourselves reflected in every tiny point of light.
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ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืกื•ืคื•,
ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืœืฉืžื™ื
ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ืžืฉืชืงืคื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืื•ืจ ื–ืขื™ืจื”.
05:46
There is a kind of luxury in the freedom to look beyond our own little lives
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ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืœื•ืงืกื•ืก ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื
05:52
and contemplate the end of everything.
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05:55
We, fragile, doomed humans
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ื•ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœ.
05:57
carry within us a sense of discovery and wonder.
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ืื ื—ื ื•, ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ืืจื•ืจื”
ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ืคืœื™ืื”.
06:02
It will persist as long as there are thinking beings in the cosmos.
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ื–ื” ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืกืžื•ืก.
06:06
And we can decide how to use it.
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06:10
Thank you.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”.
ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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