How to turn a group of strangers into a team | Amy Edmondson

549,139 views ใƒป 2018-06-14

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Elazar Raab ืขืจื™ื›ื”: zeeva livshitz
00:12
It's August 5, 2010.
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ื–ื” 5 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2010.
00:16
A massive collapse at the San Josรฉ Copper Mine in Northern Chile
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ืงืจื™ืกื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื” ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืกืŸ-ื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืฆโ€™ื™ืœื”
00:20
has left 33 men trapped half a mile -- that's two Empire State Buildings --
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ื”ื•ืชื™ืจื” 33 ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื›ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ืฉืœ 700 ืžื˜ืจ -- ื–ื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžืคื™ื™ืจ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ --
00:26
below some of the hardest rock in the world.
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ืžืชื—ืช ืœืื—ื“ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
00:30
They will find their way to a small refuge designed for this purpose,
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ื”ื ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ืœืžืงืœื˜ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื•,
00:35
where they will find intense heat, filth
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ืฉื ื”ื ื™ื—ื•ื• ืชื ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ื˜ื™ื ื•ืคืช
00:39
and about enough food for two men for 10 days.
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ื•ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืกืคื™ืง ื‘ืขืจืš ืœืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžืฉืš 10 ื™ืžื™ื.
00:43
Aboveground, it doesn't take long
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ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืงื— ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘
00:46
for the experts to figure out that there is no solution.
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ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
00:50
No drilling technology in the industry is capable of getting through rock
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ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื— ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืฉืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืกืœืข
00:56
that hard and that deep
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืฉื” ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืžื•ืง
00:58
fast enough to save their lives.
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ืžื”ืจ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
01:02
It's not exactly clear where the refuge is.
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ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ื.
01:06
It's not even clear if the miners are alive.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื ื”ื›ึผื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:10
And it's not even clear who's in charge.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจืื™.
01:12
Yet, within 70 days, all 33 of these men will be brought to the surface alive.
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ืื•ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืš 70 ื™ื•ื ื›ืœ 33 ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื—ื•ืœืฆื• ืืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:19
This remarkable story is a case study
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื”ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืงืจื” ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ
01:22
in the power of teaming.
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ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง.
01:24
So what's "teaming"?
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ืื– ืžื” ื–ื” โ€œืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืงโ€œ.
01:26
Teaming is teamwork on the fly.
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ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ืงืฆืจืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—.
01:28
It's coordinating and collaborating with people
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ื–ื” ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื
01:30
across boundaries of all kinds --
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ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช --
01:32
expertise, distance, time zone, you name it --
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ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช, ืžืจื—ืง, ืื–ื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ -- ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื›ื --
01:37
to get work done.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช.
01:39
Think of your favorite sports team, because this is different.
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคืช ืขืœื™ื›ื, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
01:42
Sports teams work together: that magic, those game-saving plays.
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• - ื”ืงืกื ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคืชื™ืขื™ื.
01:47
Now, sports teams win because they practice.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžื ืฆื—ื•ืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืชืืžื ื•ืช.
01:51
But you can only practice if you have the same members over time.
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ืื‘ืœ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ืื™ืชื›ื ืืช ืื•ืชื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ.
01:56
And so you can think of teaming ...
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ื•ื›ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช...
01:58
Sports teams embody the definition of a team,
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžื’ืœืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ืช --
02:01
the formal definition.
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ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ืจื™ืฉืžื™ืช.
02:03
It's a stable, bounded, reasonably small group of people
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ื–ื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืงื˜ื ื”, ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื•ืชื—ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
02:07
who are interdependent in achieving a shared outcome.
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ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช.
02:10
You can think of teaming as a kind of pickup game in the park,
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ื›ืžืฉื—ืง ืžื–ื“ืžืŸ ื‘ืคืืจืง,
02:14
in contrast to the formal, well-practiced team.
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืจื™ืฉืžื™ืช ื•ืžืื•ืžื ืช.
02:17
Now, which one is going to win in a playoff?
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžื™ ืชื ืฆื— ื‘ืืœื™ืคื•ืช?
02:19
The answer is obvious.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”.
02:21
So why do I study teaming?
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ืื– ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจืช ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง?
02:24
It's because it's the way more and more of us have to work today.
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ื–ื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื” ื›ื™ื•ื.
02:29
With 24/7 global fast-paced operations,
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ื‘ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ 24/7 ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ื”,
02:33
crazy shifting schedules
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ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฉืžืจื•ืช
02:36
and ever-narrower expertise,
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ื•ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืžืฆื˜ืžืฆืžืช,
02:38
more and more of us have to work with different people all the time
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ
02:42
to get our work done.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
02:43
We don't have the luxury of stable teams.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื.
02:46
Now, when you can have that luxury, by all means do it.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ -- ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคืช.
02:50
But increasingly for a lot of the work we do today,
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ืื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื›ื™ื•ื
ืœื ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื–ืืช.
02:53
we don't have that option.
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02:54
One place where this is true is hospitals.
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
02:57
This is where I've done a lot of my research over the years.
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ืฉื ื‘ื™ืฆืขืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื.
03:00
So it turns out hospitals have to be open 24/7.
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ืื– ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื 24/7.
03:06
And patients -- well, they're all different.
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ื•ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื -- ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
03:09
They're all different in complicated and unique ways.
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ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช.
03:12
The average hospitalized patient is seen by 60 or so different caregivers
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ืžืื•ืฉืคื– ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ ืคื•ื’ืฉ ื›-60 ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื•ื ื™ื
03:18
throughout his stay.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืื™ืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœื•.
03:20
They come from different shifts, different specialties,
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ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ืžืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืชืžื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช,
03:23
different areas of expertise,
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ื•ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
03:27
and they may not even know each other's name.
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ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
03:29
But they have to coordinate in order for the patient to get great care.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืชืื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘.
03:33
And when they don't, the results can be tragic.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžืชื•ืืžื™ื, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืจื’ื™ืช.
03:36
Of course, in teaming, the stakes aren't always life and death.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื•ืช.
03:40
Consider what it takes to create an animated film,
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืžื” ื ื“ืจืฉ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกืจื˜ ืื ื™ืžืฆื™ื” --
03:44
an award-winning animated film.
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ืกืจื˜ ืื ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ืขื˜ื•ืจ ืคืจืกื™ื.
03:46
I had the good fortune to go to Disney Animation
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ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘โ€œื“ื™ืกื ื™ ืื ื™ืžืฆื™ื”โ€
03:49
and study over 900 scientists, artists,
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ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืœ 900 ืžื“ืขื ื™ื, ืืžื ื™ื,
03:54
storytellers, computer scientists
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ืžืกืคืจื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืžื“ืขื ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘
03:57
as they teamed up in constantly changing configurations
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื•ื•ืชื• ื‘ืชืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ
04:01
to create amazing outcomes like "Frozen."
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื›ืžื• โ€œืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืงืจื—โ€œ.
04:04
They just work together, and never the same group twice,
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ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•, ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื,
04:08
not knowing what's going to happen next.
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ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื™ืงืจื” ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื˜.
04:11
Now, taking care of patients in the emergency room
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืžื™ื•ืŸ
04:14
and designing an animated film
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ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกืจื˜ ืื ื™ืžืฆื™ื”
04:17
are obviously very different work.
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ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช.
04:19
Yet underneath the differences, they have a lot in common.
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ืื•ืœื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
04:23
You have to get different expertise at different times,
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
04:26
you don't have fixed roles, you don't have fixed deliverables,
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ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืชื•ืฆืจื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื,
04:30
you're going to be doing a lot of things that have never been done before,
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ืืชื” ืชืขืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ,
04:33
and you can't do it in a stable team.
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ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืข.
04:36
Now, this way of working isn't easy,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœื ืงืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
04:40
but as I said, it's more and more the way many of us have to work,
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ืื•ืœื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:43
so we have to understand it.
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ื›ืš ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื”.
04:45
And I would argue that it's especially needed
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“
04:49
for work that's complex and unpredictable
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื”
04:51
and for solving big problems.
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
04:53
Paul Polman, the Unilever CEO, put this really well
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ืคึผื•ืœ ืคึผื•ืœืžืŸ, ืžื ื›โ€œืœ โ€œื™ื•ื ื™ืœื•ื•ืจโ€œ, ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘
04:56
when he said, "The issues we face today are so big and so challenging,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: โ€œื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืืชื’ืจื•ืช,
05:01
it becomes quite clear we can't do it alone,
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ืฉื–ื” ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื‘ื“,
05:03
and so there is a certain humility in knowing you have to invite people in."
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืคื ื™ืžื”.โ€
05:07
Issues like food or water scarcity cannot be done by individuals,
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ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืคืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื,
05:14
even by single companies,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช,
05:15
even by single sectors.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“.
05:17
So we're reaching out to team across big teaming,
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืืคื™ื ืœื”ืฆืชื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
05:22
grand-scale teaming.
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ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืขื ืง.
05:24
Take the quest for smart cities.
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ืงื—ื•, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฅ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืขืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื•ืช.
05:27
Maybe you've seen some of the rhetoric:
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ื•ื“ืื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ืชื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจื˜ื•ืจื™ืงื”:
05:29
mixed-use designs, zero net energy buildings,
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ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืขื•ืจื‘, ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขื ื—ืชื™ืžืช ืคื—ืžืŸ ืžืื•ืคืกืช,
05:33
smart mobility,
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ื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื”,
05:35
green, livable, wonderful cities.
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ืขืจื™ื ื™ืจื•ืงื•ืช, ืžืœืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช.
05:39
We have the vocabulary, we have the visions,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ,
05:42
not to mention the need.
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ืฉืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš.
05:44
We have the technology.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
05:45
Two megatrends --
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ืฉื ื™ ืžื’ื”-ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื --
05:47
urbanization, we're fast becoming a more urban planet,
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ืขื™ื•ึผืจ -- ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ --
05:50
and climate change --
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ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืืงืœื™ื --
05:51
have been increasingly pointing to cities
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ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ืขืจื™ื
05:54
as a crucial target for innovation.
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ื›ืžื˜ืจื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืœื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช.
05:57
And now around the world in various locations,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
05:59
people have been teaming up
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื™ืฆืชื•ื•ืชื™ื
06:01
to design and try to create green, livable, smart cities.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื•ืช, ืžืœืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืงื•ืช.
06:06
It's a massive innovation challenge.
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ื–ื” ืืชื’ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ื.
06:09
To understand it better,
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
06:11
I studied a start-up -- a smart-city software start-up --
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ื—ืงืจืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื–ื ืง -- ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื–ื ืง ืœืชื•ื›ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื•ืช --
06:16
as it teamed up with a real estate developer,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ืฆืชื•ื•ืชื• ืขื ื™ื–ืžื™ ื ื“ืœโ€œืŸ,
06:19
some civil engineers,
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื,
06:21
a mayor,
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ืจืืฉ ืขื™ืจ,
06:23
an architect, some builders, some tech companies.
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ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜, ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื”, ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืง.
06:27
Their goal was to build a demo smart city from scratch.
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ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื™ืจ ื—ื›ืžื” ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
06:32
OK. Five years into the project, not a whole lot had happened.
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ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื– ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜, ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงืจื”.
ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื -- ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื“ืจืš.
06:37
Six years, still no ground broken.
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06:41
It seemed that teaming across industry boundaries
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ื ืจืื” ืฉืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืชืขืฉื™ื”
06:44
was really, really hard.
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ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืžืฉ ืงืฉื”.
06:48
OK, so ...
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื–...
06:50
We had inadvertently discovered
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ื‘ืœื™ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื”
06:53
what I call "professional culture clash" with this project.
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื•: โ€œื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืชโ€
06:57
You know, software engineers and real estate developers
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื -- ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื•ื™ื–ืžื™ ื ื“ืœโ€œืŸ
07:01
think differently --
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ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจืช...
07:03
really differently:
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ืžืžืฉ ืื—ืจืช:
07:04
different values, different time frames -- time frames is a big one --
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ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื -- ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ ื–ืžื ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ --
07:09
and different jargon, different language.
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ื•ื–โ€™ืจื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”. ืฉืคื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
07:12
And so they don't always see eye to eye.
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ.
07:15
I think this is a bigger problem than most of us realize.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืžื” ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื• ืชื•ืคืกื™ื.
07:19
In fact, I think professional culture clash
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช
07:23
is a major barrier to building the future that we aspire to build.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืืคื™ื ืืœื™ื•.
07:28
And so it becomes a problem that we have to understand,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื”,
07:31
a problem that we have to figure out how to crack.
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ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืคืฆื— ืื•ืชื”.
07:35
So how do you make sure teaming goes well, especially big teaming?
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ืื– ืื™ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ืžืฆืœื™ื— -- ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ?
07:39
This is the question I've been trying to solve for a number of years
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ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื
07:43
in many different workplaces
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื•ื ื™ื
07:44
with my research.
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ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™.
07:46
Now, to begin to get just a glimpse of the answer to this question,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•,
07:50
let's go back to Chile.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืฆโ€™ื™ืœื”.
07:52
In Chile, we witnessed 10 weeks of teaming
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ื‘ืฆโ€™ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœืขืฉืจื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง
07:57
by hundreds of individuals
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ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื
07:59
from different professions, different companies,
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ืžืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช,
08:02
different sectors, even different nations.
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ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
08:04
And as this process unfolded,
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ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ื”ืชืงื“ื,
08:08
they had lots of ideas, they tried many things,
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
08:12
they experimented, they failed,
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ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• -- ื”ื ื ื›ืฉืœื•.
08:15
they experienced devastating daily failure,
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ื”ื ื—ื•ื• ื›ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื™ื•ืžื™,
08:18
but they picked up, persevered,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•, ืืกืคื• ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช,
08:20
and went on forward.
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
08:22
And really, what we witnessed there
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช, ืžื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื
08:27
was they were able to be humble
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ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ื ืข
08:29
in the face of the very real challenge ahead,
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ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื”ื,
08:33
curious -- all of these diverse individuals,
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ืกืงืจื ื™ื -- ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
08:35
diverse expertise especially, nationality as well,
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช. ื’ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื”ืœืื•ื.
08:38
were quite curious about what each other brings.
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืกืงืจื ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืจื•ื.
08:40
And they were willing to take risks to learn fast what might work.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
08:44
And ultimately, 17 days into this remarkable story,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœืื—ืจ 17 ื™ื•ื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื”ื–ื”,
08:50
ideas came from everywhere.
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ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื›ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื™.
08:51
They came from Andrรฉ Sougarret, who is a brilliant mining engineer
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ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืื ื“ืจื” ืกื•ื’ืจื˜, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื”ื ื“ืก ื›ึผืจื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื™ืง,
08:55
who was appointed by the government to lead the rescue.
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ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ืžืืžืฅ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืฅ.
08:58
They came from NASA.
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ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžโ€œื ืืกืโ€œ.
08:59
They came from Chilean Special Forces.
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ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆโ€™ื™ืœืื ื™ื.
09:03
They came from volunteers around the world.
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ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
09:05
And while many of us, including myself, watched from afar,
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ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื•, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื•ืชื™, ืฆืคื™ื ื• ืžืจื—ื•ืง,
09:10
these folks made slow, painful progress through the rock.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจโ€™ื” ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืœืื˜ ื•ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ืกืœืข.
09:14
On the 17th day, they broke through to the refuge.
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ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”-17 ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืขื“ ืœื—ืœืœ ื”ืžืงืœื˜.
09:18
It's just a remarkable moment.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ืข ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ.
09:20
And with just a very small incision, they were able to find it
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ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ืชืš ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื•ืชื•
09:25
through a bunch of experimental techniques.
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
09:27
And then for the next 53 days,
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ื•ื›ืš ื‘-53 ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื,
09:30
that narrow lifeline would be the path
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ืงื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืจ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ืชื™ื‘
09:34
where food and medicine and communication would travel,
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ืฉื“ืจื›ื• ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืื•ื›ืœ, ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช,
09:38
while aboveground, for 53 more days, they continued the teaming
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืงืจืงืข, ื‘ืžืฉืš 53 ื™ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช
09:42
to find a way to create a much larger hole
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ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืคืชื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:46
and also to design a capsule.
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ื•ื’ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืงืคืกื•ืœื”.
09:49
This is the capsule.
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ื–ืืช ื”ืงืคืกื•ืœื”.
09:50
And then on the 69th day,
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ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”-69
09:53
over 22 painstaking hours,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืขืœ 22 ืฉืขื•ืช ืžื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ืขืฆื‘ื™ื,
09:56
they managed to pull the miners out one by one.
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ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืฉืœื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื›ึผื•ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืื—ื“.
09:59
So how did they overcome professional culture clash?
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ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช?
10:02
I would say in a word, it's leadership, but let me be more specific.
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ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช: ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืคืจื˜.
10:06
When teaming works,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ืžืฆืœื™ื—,
10:08
you can be sure that some leaders,
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื›ืžื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื,
10:11
leaders at all levels,
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ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจืžื•ืช,
10:13
have been crystal clear that they don't have the answers.
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ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช.
10:16
Let's call this "situational humility."
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืงืจื” ืœื–ื” โ€œืขื ื•ื•ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื™ืช ืžืฆื‘โ€œ.
10:18
It's appropriate humility.
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ื–ื• ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื ืื•ืชื”.
ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
10:20
We don't know how to do it.
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10:21
You can be sure, as I said before, people were very curious,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืกืงืจื ื™ื,
10:24
and this situational humility
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ื•ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื™ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื•
10:26
combined with curiosity
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ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืกืงืจื ื•ืช
10:29
creates a sense of psychological safety
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ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™
10:31
that allows you take risks with strangers,
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืš ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ื–ืจื™ื,
10:33
because let's face it: it's hard to speak up, right?
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ื›ื™ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื•ื“ื”: ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืจื™ื ืงื•ืœ -- ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
10:37
It's hard to ask for help.
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ืงืฉื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืขื–ืจื”.
10:38
It's hard to offer an idea that might be a stupid idea
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ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™
10:42
if you don't know people very well.
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ืื ืืชื” ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
10:44
You need psychological safety to do that.
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
10:47
They overcame what I like to call the basic human challenge:
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ื”ื ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ื”ื’ืช ืœืงืจื•ื ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™:
10:52
it's hard to learn if you already know.
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ืงืฉื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื ืืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืข.
10:55
And unfortunately, we're hardwired to think we know.
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ื•ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
10:58
And so we've got to remind ourselves -- and we can do it --
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื ื• -- ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” --
11:02
to be curious;
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืงืจื ื™ื;
11:03
to be curious about what others bring.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืงืจื ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืข.
11:05
And that curiosity can also spawn a kind of generosity of interpretation.
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ื•ื”ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช.
11:11
But there's another barrier, and you all know it.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
11:14
You wouldn't be in this room if you didn't know it.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ืืŸ ืื ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื ืืช ื–ื”.
11:17
And to explain it, I'm going to quote from the movie "The Paper Chase."
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืืฆื˜ื˜ ืžื”ืกืจื˜ โ€œื”ืžืจื•ืฅ ืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืœื™ืžื”โ€œ.
11:20
This, by the way, is what Hollywood thinks
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ืื’ื‘, ื›ื›ื” ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช
11:22
a Harvard professor is supposed to look like.
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ืฉืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื‘โ€œื”ืจื•ื•ืืจื“โ€ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช.
11:24
You be the judge.
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ืชืฉืคื˜ื• ืืชื.
11:26
The professor in this famous scene,
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ื”ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื‘ืกืฆื™ื ื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช,
11:28
he's welcoming the new 1L class,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื” ืโ€ฒ
11:31
and he says, "Look to your left. Look to your right.
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ื•ืื•ืžืจ: โ€œื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ืœืฉืžืืœื›ื. ื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ืœื™ืžื™ื ื›ื.
11:33
one of you won't be here next year."
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ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”.โ€
11:35
What message did they hear? "It's me or you."
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ืžื” ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉื”ื ืฉืžืขื•? โ€œื–ื” ืื ื™ ืื• ืืชื”.โ€
11:39
For me to succeed, you must fail.
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืืฆืœื™ื— ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ.
11:41
Now, I don't think too many organizations welcome newcomers that way anymore,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื›ื›ื” ื”ื™ื•ื,
11:45
but still, many times people arrive with that message of scarcity anyway.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ.
11:50
It's me or you.
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ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืื• ืืชื”.
11:52
It's awfully hard to team if you inadvertently see others as competitors.
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ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืงืฉื” ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื ื‘ืœื™ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ืžืชื—ืจื™ื.
11:56
So we have to overcome that one as well,
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ืื– ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ื’ื ืขืœ ื–ื”,
11:59
and when we do, the results can be awesome.
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
12:03
Abraham Lincoln said once,
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ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื™ื ืงื•ืœืŸ ืคืขื ืืžืจ,
12:05
"I don't like that man very much. I must get to know him better."
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โ€œืื ื™ ืœื ืžื—ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.โ€
12:09
Think about that --
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” --
ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื—ื‘ื‘ ืื•ืชื• -- ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ื˜ื•ื‘.
12:11
I don't like him, that means I don't know him well enough.
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12:13
It's extraordinary.
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ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ.
12:14
This is the mindset, I have to say,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”.
12:16
this is the mindset you need for effective teaming.
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ื–ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืฆื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
12:21
In our silos, we can get things done.
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ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื ื• ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
12:23
But when we step back and reach out and reach across,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื•ืจื”, ืžื•ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ื™ื“ ื•ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ,
12:27
miracles can happen.
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ื ื™ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช.
12:29
Miners can be rescued,
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ืœืฅ ื›ึผื•ืจื™ื,
12:31
patients can be saved,
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื,
12:32
beautiful films can be created.
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื™ื.
12:36
To get there, I think there's no better advice than this:
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืฆื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ:
12:38
look to your left, look to your right.
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืœืฉืžืืœืš, ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืœื™ืžื™ื ืš.
12:41
How quickly can you find the unique talents, skills
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืจ ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช
12:47
and hopes of your neighbor,
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ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื ืš,
12:48
and how quickly, in turn, can you convey what you bring?
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ื•ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืจ, ื‘ืชื•ืจืš, ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืงืจื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืœืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื?
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ืฆื™ื•ื•ืช ืื“-ื”ื•ืง ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ
12:52
Because for us to team up to build the future we know we can create
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12:56
that none of us can do alone,
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ืฉืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœื‘ื“ื ื•,
12:57
that's the mindset we need.
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ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”.
12:59
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
13:01
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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