Graham Hawkes: Fly the seas on a submarine with wings

Prevoditelj: Martina Peraic Recezent: Sanda L

I think the future of this planet depends on humans,

Smatram da budućnost ovog planeta ovisi o ljudima,

not technology, and we already have the knowledge --

ne o tehnologiji, a već posjedujemo znanje --

we’re kind of at the endgame with knowledge.

mi smo na krajnjoj točki dosega znanja.

But we’re nowhere near the endgame

Ali nismo ni blizu krajnjeg dosega

when it comes to our perception.

kada se radi o našoj percepciji.

We still have one foot in the dark ages.

Još smo jednom nogom u mračnom dobu.

And when you listen to some of the presentations here --

Kada slušate neke od govora ovdje --

and the extraordinary range of human capability, our understandings --

o iznimnom rasponu ljudske mogućnosti, naših shvaćanja,

and then you contrast it with the fact

i onda kad to suprotstavite s činjenicom

we still call this planet, "Earth:" it’s pretty extraordinary --

da još uvijek ovaj planet nazivamo "Zemljom": čudno je --

we have one foot in the dark ages.

jednom nogom smo u mračnom dobu.

Just quickly: Aristotle, his thing was, "It’s not flat, stupid, it’s round."

Na brzinu: Aristotelova ideja bila je: "Nije ravna, budalo, okrugla je".

Galileo -- he had the Inquisition, so he had to be a little bit more polite --

Galileo je imao Inkviziciju pa je morao biti pristojniji --

his was, "It’s not in the middle, you know."

govorio je: "Znate, ona zapravo nije u središtu".

And Hawkes: "it’s not earth, stupid, it’s ocean."

A Hawkes tvrdi: "To nije zemlja, budalo, to je ocean."

This is an ocean planet.

Ovo je oceanski planet.

T.S. Eliot really said it for me --

T. S. Eliot je to dobro rekao umjesto mene --

and this should give you goose bumps:

i trebali biste se naježiti od ovoga:

"we shall not cease from exploration

"Nećemo prestati s istraživanjem,

and the end of our exploring shall be to return

a kraj našeg istraživanja bit će povratak

where we started and know the place for the first time."

na početak i tada ćemo tek po prvi put poznavati ovo mjesto.

And the next lines are, "Through the unknown remembered gate,

Sljedeći stihovi kažu: "Kroz nepoznata poznata vrata,

where the last of earth discovered

kada otkrijemo i posljednji dio zemlje,

is that which is the beginning."

tada ćemo biti na početku."

So I have one message.

Stoga imam poruku.

It seems to me that we’re all pointed in the wrong direction.

Čini mi se da smo svi okrenuti u pogrešnom smjeru.

For the rocketeers in the audience:

Za graditelje raketa u publici:

I love what you’re doing, I admire the guts,

obožavam to što radite, divim se odvažnosti,

I admire the courage -- but your rockets

divim se hrabrosti -- ali vaše rakete

are pointed in the wrong goddamn direction.

su usmjerene u prokleto pogrešnom smjeru.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And it’s all a question of perspective.

A sve je pitanje kuta gledanja.

Let me try and tell you --

Dajte da vam pokušam reći --

I don’t mean to insult you, but look,

ne želim vas uvrijediti, ali vidite,

if I -- and I’m not doing this for real

ako ja -- ne činim to zapravo

because it would be an insult,

jer bi to bila uvreda,

so I’m going to pretend, and it softens the blow --

pa ću se pretvarati, to ublažava udarac.

I’m going to tell you what you’re thinking.

Reći ću vam što vi mislite.

If I held up a square that was one foot square and the color of earth,

Ako bih držao kvadrat veličine desetine kvadratnog metra u boji zemlje,

and I held up another square that was the root two square --

te drugi kvadrat iste veličine na drugu potenciju --

so it’s 1.5 times bigger -- and was the color of the oceans;

dakle 1,5 put veći -- u boji oceana;

and I said, what is the relative value of these two things?

rekao sam, koja je relativna vrijednost ovih dviju stvari?

Well, it’s the relative importance.

Pa, važnost je relativna.

You would say -- yeah, yeah, yeah, we all know this;

Rekli biste -- da, da, svi to znamo;

water covers twice the area of the planet than dry land.

voda prekriva dvostruko veću površinu planeta nego suho kopno.

But it’s a question of perception,

Ali to je pitanje kuta gledanja,

and if that’s what you’re thinking,

i ako mislite na to,

if that’s what you think I mean when I say,

ako mislite da ja mislim na to kada kažem,

"This is an ocean planet stupidly called 'Earth.'"

"Ovo je oceanski planet koji neuko zovemo Zemljom",

If you think that that’s the relative importance,

ako mislite da je to relativna važnost,

two to one, you’re wrong by a factor of ten.

dva naprema jedan, u krivu ste na desetu potenciju.

Now, you’re not as thick as two short planks,

Pa, niste glupi kao klada,

but you sound like it when you say "Earth,"

ali doimate se takvima kada kažete "Zemlja",

because that demonstration, if I turned around this way --

jer to inzistiranje, ako bih se okrenuo ovako --

that earth plane would be as thin as paper.

obujam Zemlje bio bi tanak poput papira.

It’s a thin film, two-dimensional existence.

To je tanak sloj, dvodimenzionalno postojanje.

The ocean representation would have a depth to it.

Predstavljanje oceana bi mu dodalo dubinu.

And if you hefted those two things

I ako biste teglili te dvije stvari,

you might find that the relative scale of those is 20 to 1.

otkrili biste da je relativan odnos ovih dviju stvari 20 naprema 1.

It turns out that something more than

Očito je da je nešto više od

94 percent of life on earth is aquatic.

94 posto života na planetu u vodi.

That means that us terrestrials occupy a minority.

To znači da smo mi zemljani u manjini.

The problem we have in believing that

Problem s vjerovanjem u to

is -- you just have to give up this notion

-- morate odustati od tog pojma

that this Earth was created for us.

da je ova Zemlja stvorena za nas.

Because it’s a problem we have.

To je problem koji imamo.

If this is an ocean planet

Ako je ovo oceanski planet

and we only have a small minority of this planet,

i mi posjedujemo samo manji djelić planeta,

it just interferes with a lot of what humanity thinks.

to se jednostavno kosi s mnogočime u što čovječanstvo vjeruje.

Okay. Let me criticize this thing.

U redu. Sada ću kritizirati ovo.

I’m not talking about James Cameron --

Ne govorim o Jamesu Cameronu --

although I could, but I won’t.

iako bih mogao, ali neću.

You really do have to go and see his latest film,

Stvarno morate pogledati njegov zadnji film,

"Aliens of the Deep." It’s incredible.

"Izvanzemaljci u dubini". Nevjerojatan je.

It features two of these deep rovers,

U njemu su ta dva putnika u dubinu

and I can criticize them because these sweet things are mine.

i mogu ih kritizirati jer te divne stvari pripadaju meni.

This, I think, represents one of the most beautiful

Ovo, smatram, predstavlja jednu od najljepših

classic submersibles built.

klasičnih podmornica ikada sagrađenih.

If you look at that sub, you’ll see a sphere.

Pogledate li tu podmornicu, vidjet ćete kuglu.

This is an acryclic sphere.

To je akrilna kugla.

It generates all of the buoyancy,

Ona stvara plovnost

all of the payload for the craft,

i sav teret plovila,

and the batteries are down here hanging underneath,

a baterije vise odozgo,

exactly like a balloon.

baš poput balona.

This is the envelope, and this is the gondola, the payload.

Ovo je omotač, a ovo je gondola, teret.

Also coming up later for criticism are these massive lights.

Također podložna kritici su ova masivna svjetla.

And this one actually carries two great manipulators.

A ova zapravo nosi dva velika manipulatora.

It actually is a very good working sub --

To je, zapravo, dobra radna podmornica --

that’s what it was designed for.

za to je i dizajnirana.

The problem with it is --

Problem s njom je --

and the reason I will never build another one like it --

i razlog zašto nikada neću sagraditi još jednu takvu --

is that this is a product of two-dimensional thinking.

jest to što je ona proizvod dvodimenzionalnog razmišljanja.

It’s what we humans do when we go in the ocean as engineers;

To je to što mi ljudi činimo kada odemo u ocean kao inženjeri;

we take all our terrestrial hang-ups,

preuzmemo našu vezanost za kopno,

all our constraints -- importantly,

sva naša ograničenja -- što je važno,

these two-dimensional constraints that we have,

ta dvodimenzionalna ograničenja koja imamo,

and they’re so constrained we don’t even understand it --

koja su tako ograničena da ih čak niti ne razumijemo --

and we take them underwater.

a mi ih odnesemo pod vodu.

You notice that Jim Cameron is sitting in a seat.

Primijetit ćete da James Cameron sjedi u sjedalu.

A seat works in a two-dimensional world,

Sjedalo funkcionira u dvodimenzionalnom svijetu,

where gravity blasts down on that seat, OK?

gdje gravitacija vrši pritisak na to sjedalo, OK?

And in a two-dimensional world,

I u dvodimenzionalnom svijetu,

we do know about the third dimension

znamo za treću dimenziju,

but we don’t use it because to go up

ali je ne koristimo, jer da bismo išli gore,

requires an awful lot of energy against gravity.

trebalo bi strašno mnogo energije protiv gravitacije.

And then our mothers tell us,

I majke nam govore,

"Careful you don’t fall down" -- because you’ll fall over.

"Pazi da ne padneš" -- jer ćeš pasti.

Now, go into the real atmosphere of this planet.

A sad, otiđite u pravu atmosferu ovog planeta.

This planet has an inner atmosphere of water;

Planet ima unutarnju atmosferu vode;

it’s its inner atmosphere. It has two atmospheres --

svoju unutarnju atmosferu. Ima dvije atmosfere --

a lesser, outer gaseous atmosphere, a lighter one.

manju, vanjsku plinovitu atmosferu koja je lakša.

Most of life on earth is in that inner atmosphere.

Većina života na Zemlji je u toj unutarnjoj atmosferi.

And that life enjoys a three-dimensional existence,

I taj život uživa u trodimenzionalnom postojanju,

which is alien to us.

koje je nama strano.

Fish do not sit in seats.

Ribe ne sjede u sjedalima.

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

They don’t. Their mothers don’t say to little baby fish,

Ne sjede. Njihove majke ne govore malenim ribama,

"Careful you don’t fall over."

"Pazi da ne padneš".

They don’t fall over. They don’t fall.

One ne padaju. Ne padaju.

They live in a three-dimensional world

One žive u trodimenzionalnom svijetu

where there is no difference in energy

gdje nema razlike u energiji

between going this way, that way, that way or that way.

između kretanja ovamo, onamo, tamo ili tamo.

It’s truly a three-dimensional space.

To je doista trodimenzionalan svijet.

And we’re only just beginning to grasp it.

A mi ga tek počinjemo shvaćati.

I don’t know of any other submersible,

Ne znam za koju drugu podmornicu

or even remote, that just takes advantage

ili plovilo na daljinsko upravljanje, koje iskorištava saznanje

that this is a three-dimensional space.

da se radi o trodimenzionalnom prostoru.

This is the way we should be going into the oceans.

Na ovaj način bismo trebali pristupati oceanima.

This is a three-dimensional machine.

Ovo je trodimenzionalni stroj.

What we need to do is go down into the ocean with the freedom of the animals,

Trebamo odlaziti na dno oceana slobodni poput životinja

and move in this three-dimensional space.

i kretati se u tom trodimenzionalnom prostoru.

OK, this is good stuff.

OK, ovo je stvarno dobro.

This is man’s first attempt at flying underwater.

Ovo je prvi pokušaj čovjeka da leti pod vodom.

Right now, I’m just coming down on this gorgeous, big, giant manta ray.

Trenutno se spuštam do ove divne ogromne raže.

She has twice the wingspan that I do.

Ona ima dvostruko veći raspon krila od mene.

There I’m coming; she sees me.

Evo me, dolazim, vidi me.

And just notice how she rolls under and turns;

Vidite kako se svija ispod i okreće;

she doesn’t sit there and try and blow air into a tank

ne sjedi pokušavajući upuhati zrak u spremnik

and kind of flow up or sink down -- she just rolls.

kako bi pokušala poletjeti ili potonuti -- samo se savija.

And the craft that I’m in --

A plovilo u kojem se nalazim --

this hasn’t been shown before.

ovo još nitko nije vidio.

Chris asked us to show stuff that hasn’t been shown before.

Chris je zamolio da pokažemo stvari koje ranije nisu viđene.

I wanted you to notice

Želio sam da primijetite

that she actually turned to come back up.

kako se prevrnula da bi se vratila gore.

There I am; I see her coming back,

Evo me; vidim kako se vraća,

coming up underneath me.

dolazi ispod mene.

I put reverse thrust and I try and pull gently down.

Okrećem se suprotno i pokušavam se nježno spustiti.

I’m trying to do everything very gently.

Sve pokušavam raditi vrlo nježno.

We spent about three hours together and she’s beginning to trust me.

Proveli smo skoro tri sata zajedno i ona mi počinje vjerovati.

And this ballet is controlled by this lady here.

A ovaj balet kontrolira ova dama ovdje.

She gets about that close and then she pulls away.

Dolazi ovoliko blizu i zatim se povlači.

So now I try and go after her, but I’m practicing flying.

Sada pokušavam ići za njom, ali vježbam letenje.

This is the first flying machine. This was the first prototype.

Ovo je prvi leteći stroj. Ovo je bio prototip.

This was a fly by wire. It has wings.

Ovo je bio elektronički navođen let. Ima krila.

There’re no silly buoyancy tanks --

Nema smiješnih plovnih spremnika.

it’s permanently, positively buoyant.

Trajno je, pozitivno plovni.

And then by moving through the water

A kretanjem kroz vodu

it’s able to take that control.

može preuzeti tu kontrolu.

Now, look at that; look, it’s -- she just blew me away.

Pa pogledajte to -- jednostavno me je ostavila bez riječi.

She just rolled right away from underneath.

Samo se zavrnula od ispod.

Really that’s the only real dive I’ve ever made in this machine.

Zapravo ovo je jedini pravi zaron koji sam izveo ovim strojem.

It took 10 years to build.

Bilo je potrebno 10 godina za gradnju.

But this lady here taught me, hah, taught me so much.

Ali ova dama ovdje naučila me je, toliko toga me je naučila.

We just learned so much in three hours in the water there.

Toliko toga smo naučili u ta tri sata provedena u vodi ondje.

I just had to go and build another machine.

Jednostavno sam morao otići i sagraditi bolji stroj.

But look here. Instead of blowing tanks

Ali pogledajte. Umjesto puhanja u spremnike

and coming up slowly without thinking about it,

i polaganog uspinjanja bez razmišljanja,

it’s a little bit of back pressure,

radi se o samo malo pritiska odozdo

and that sub just comes straight back up out of the water.

i podmornica jednostavno izlazi ravno iz vode.

This is an internal Sony camera. Thank you, Sony.

Ovo je unutarnja Sony kamera. Hvala, Sony.

I don’t really look that ugly,

Nisam doista ovako ružan,

but the camera is so close that it’s just distorted.

ali kamera je tako blizu da je slika iskrivljena.

Now, there she goes, right overhead.

Evo je, točno iznad mene.

This is a wide-angle camera.

Ovo je kamera širokog raspona.

She’s just a few inches off the top of my head.

Samo je nekoliko centimetara iznad moje glave.

"Aah, ha, oh, he just crossed over the top of my head about,

Upravo je prešla iznad moje glave,

oh, I don’t know, just so close."

oh, ne znam, toliko blizu".

Vraćam se gore, ne radi uzimanja zraka.

I come back up, not for air.

"This is an incredible encounter with a manta. I’m speechless.

"Ovo je nevjerojatan susret s ražom. Bez riječi sam.

We’ve been just feet apart. I’m going back down now."

Samo smo par metara udaljeni. Idem ponovo dolje".

Okay, can we cut that? Lights back up please.

OK, možemo li to ugasiti? Molim svjetla natrag.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Trying to fly and keep up with that animal --

Pokušaj leta i održavanje tempa s ovom životinjom --

it wasn’t the lack of maneuverability that we had.

nismo imali problem s manevriranjem,

It was the fact she was going so slow.

nego s tim da se kretala tako sporo.

I actually designed that to move faster through the water

Dizajnirao samo je kako bi se brže kretala kroz vodu

because I thought that was the thing

jer sam mislio da je to stvar

that we needed to do: to move fast and get range.

koju moramo učiniti: kretati se brzo i dobiti raspon.

But after that encounter I really did want to go back with that animal and dance.

Ali nakon ovog susreta stvarno sam je želio opet sresti i zaplesati.

She wanted to dance.

Željela je plesati.

And so what we needed to do was increase the wing area

Trebali smo povećati površinu krila

so that we just had more grip, develop higher forces.

kako bismo imali veći zahvat, razvili više snage.

So the sub that was outside last year -- this is the one.

Podmornica koja je završena lani -- ova ovdje.

You see the larger wing area here.

Vidite ovdje veću površinu krila.

Također, jasno, bila je to moćna stvar

Also, clearly, it was such a powerful thing,

da smo htjeli povesti druge ljude,

we wanted to try and bring other people

but we couldn't figure out how to do it.

ali nismo uspjeli shvatiti kako.

So we opened the world’s first flight school.

Pa smo otvorili prvu svjetsku školu letenja.

The rational for the world’s first flight school

Ideja vodilja prve svjetske škole letenja

goes something like: when the coastguards come up to me and say --

bila je otprilike: kada mi čuvari obale priđu i kažu --

they used to leave us alone when we were diving

obično bi nas pustili na miru kada bismo ronili

these goofy little spherical things,

u ovim smiješnim malim okruglim predmetima,

ali kada smo počeli letjeti uokolo

but when we started flying around

in underwater jet fighters they got a little nervous --

u podvodnim letjelicama, postali su malo nervozni --

they would come up and say,

prišli bi nam i rekli,

"Do you have a license for that?"

"Imate li dozvolu za ovo?"

And then I’d put my sunglasses on, the beard

I onda bih spustio svoje sunčane naočale

that would all sprout out, and I would say,

na raščupanu bradu i rekao,

"I don’t need no stinking license."

"Ne treba mi nikakva smrdljiva dozvola."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

"Ja izdajem te smrdljive dozvole", što je istina.

"I write these stinking license," which I do.

So Bob Gelfond's around here --

Bob Geldof je negdje ovdje --

but somebody in the audience here has license number 20.

ali netko u publici ima dozvolu br. 20.

They’re one of the first subsea aviators.

To su prvi podvodni letači.

So we’ve run two flight schools.

Vodili smo dvije škole letenja.

Nemam pojma kako će to završiti, ali je jako zabavno.

Where the hell that goes, I don’t know, but it’s a lot of fun.

What comes next in 30 seconds? I can’t tell you.

Što će se pojaviti u sljedećih 30 sekundi? Ne mogu vam reći.

But the patent for underwater flight --

Ali patent za podvodni let --

Karen and I, we were looking at it,

Karen i ja smo ga proučavali,

some business partners wanted us to patent it --

poslovni partneri htjeli su da ga patentiramo --

we weren’t sure about that.

nismo bili sigurni u to,

We’ve decided we’re just going to let that go.

odlučili smo odustati od toga.

It just seems wrong to try and patent --

Jednostavno zvuči pogrešno pokušati to patentirati --

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

-- the freedom for underwater flight.

-- slobodu podvodnog letenja.

So anybody who wants to copy us

Pa svatko tko nas želi kopirati

and come and join us, go for it.

može nam se slobodno pridružiti.

The other thing is that we’ve got much lower costs.

Druga stvar je da mi to radimo uz puno manje troškova.

We developed some other technology

Razvili smo još neku tehnologiju

called spider optics, and Craig Ventner asked me

imena paučja optika, i Craig Ventner me je zamolio

to make an announcement here this morning:

da je najavim ovog jutra:

we’re going to be building a beautiful, little,

gradit ćemo prekrasne, malene,

small version of this -- unmanned, super deep --

male verzije ove - bespilotne, vrlo duboke

for his boat to go and get back some deep sea DNA stuff.

kako bi njegov čamac mogao otići i pribaviti DNK iz dubokog mora.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Thank you.

Hvala.