We've stopped trusting institutions and started trusting strangers | Rachel Botsman

195,941 views

2016-11-07 ・ TED


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We've stopped trusting institutions and started trusting strangers | Rachel Botsman

195,941 views ・ 2016-11-07

TED


Dvaput kliknite na engleske titlove ispod za reprodukciju videozapisa.

Prevoditelj: Igor Pureta Recezent: Anja Kolobarić
00:12
Let's talk about trust.
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Razgovarajmo o povjerenju.
00:16
We all know trust is fundamental,
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Svi znamo da je povjerenje zaista važno,
00:19
but when it comes to trusting people,
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no kada se radi o povjerenju među ljudima,
00:22
something profound is happening.
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događa se nešto neobično.
00:25
Please raise your hand
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Molim vas, podignite ruku
00:27
if you have ever been a host or a guest on Airbnb.
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ako ste ikad bili domaćin ili gost u Airbnb sustavu.
00:32
Wow. That's a lot of you.
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Opa! Zaista vas je mnogo.
00:35
Who owns Bitcoin?
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Tko posjeduje Bitcoin?
00:38
Still a lot of you. OK.
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Još uvijek velik broj. OK.
00:39
And please raise your hand if you've ever used Tinder
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Molim vas dignite ruku ako ste ikad koristili Tinder
00:42
to help you find a mate.
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da biste pronašli srodnu dušu.
00:44
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:46
This one's really hard to count because you're kind of going like this.
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Sad je zaista teško prebrojati jer to pokazujete ovako.
00:49
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:51
These are all examples of how technology
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To su sve primjeri kako tehnologija
00:54
is creating new mechanisms
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kreira nove obrasce
00:56
that are enabling us to trust unknown people, companies and ideas.
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koji nam omogućavaju da vjerujemo nepoznatim ljudima, poduzećima i idejama.
01:02
And yet at the same time,
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Ipak, istovremeno,
01:04
trust in institutions --
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povjerenje u institucije --
01:05
banks, governments and even churches --
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banke, vlade, pa čak i crkve --
01:08
is collapsing.
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opada.
01:10
So what's happening here,
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Što se zapravo događa,
01:12
and who do you trust?
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i kome vjerujemo?
01:14
Let's start in France with a platform -- with a company, I should say --
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Krenimo s francuskom platformom -- s poduzećem, rekla bih --
01:18
with a rather funny-sounding name,
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prilično smiješna imena -
01:20
BlaBlaCar.
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BlaBlaCar.
01:22
It's a platform that matches drivers and passengers
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Ta platvorma spaja vozače i putnike
01:25
who want to share long-distance journeys together.
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koji se na duža putovanja žele uputiti zajedno.
01:29
The average ride taken is 320 kilometers.
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Prosječna udaljenost iznosi 320 kilometara,
01:34
So it's a good idea to choose your fellow travelers wisely.
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pa bi bilo dobro mudro izabirati suputnike.
01:39
Social profiles and reviews help people make a choice.
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Društveni profili i ocjene pomažu ljudima izabrati.
01:43
You can see if someone's a smoker, you can see what kind of music they like,
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Možete vidjeti je li netko pušač, možete vidjeti kakvu vrstu glazbe voli,
01:48
you can see if they're going to bring their dog along for the ride.
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možete vidjeti i hoće li sa sobom povesti i svog psa.
01:52
But it turns out that the key social identifier
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No, izgleda da se ključna društvena oznaka
01:56
is how much you're going to talk in the car.
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odnosi na to koliko ćete pričati za vrijeme vožnje.
01:58
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:00
Bla, not a lot,
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Bla, ne puno,
02:02
bla bla, you want a nice bit of chitchat,
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bla bla, želite neobavezni razgovor
02:04
and bla bla bla, you're not going to stop talking the entire way
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i bla bla bla, pričat ćete za cijelog puta
02:08
from London to Paris.
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od Londona do Pariza
02:09
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:12
It's remarkable, right, that this idea works at all,
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Nevjerojatno je kako ta ideja uopće funkcionira
02:15
because it's counter to the lesson most of us were taught as a child:
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jer se protivi svemu čemu su nas učili u djetinjstvu:
02:18
never get in a car with a stranger.
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nikad ne ulazi u auto sa strancem.
02:21
And yet, BlaBlaCar transports more than four million people
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Ipak, BlaBlaCar prevozi više od četiri milijuna ljudi
02:26
every single month.
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svakog mjeseca.
02:28
To put that in context, that's more passengers
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Stavimo to u kontekst - to je više putnika nego
02:31
than the Eurostar or JetBlue airlines carry.
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što prevoze Eurostar ili JetBlue.
02:35
BlaBlaCar is a beautiful illustration of how technology is enabling
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BlaBlaCar prekrasna ilustrira kako nova tehnologija omogućuje
02:39
millions of people across the world to take a trust leap.
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milijunima ljudi širom svijeta da naprave korak prema povjerenju.
02:43
A trust leap happens when we take the risk to do something new or different
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Korak prema povjerenju događa se kad riskiramo i činimo nešto novo i drugačije
02:49
to the way that we've always done it.
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od onoga što nam je uobičajeno.
02:52
Let's try to visualize this together.
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Pokušajmo sve to vizualizirati.
02:55
OK. I want you to close your eyes.
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Molim vas zatvorite oči.
02:59
There is a man staring at me with his eyes wide open.
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Muškarac bulji u mene širom otvorenih očiju.
03:02
I'm on this big red circle. I can see.
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Ja sam u ovom velikom crvenom krugu. Vidim vas.
03:04
So close your eyes.
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Dakle, zatvorite oči.
03:06
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(Smijeh) (Pljesak)
03:09
I'll do it with you.
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Ja ću vam se pridružiti.
03:10
And I want you to imagine there exists a gap
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Želim da zamislite jaz
03:13
between you and something unknown.
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koji postoji između vas i nečeg nepoznatog.
03:16
That unknown can be someone you've just met.
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To nepoznato može biti netko koga ste upravo sreli.
03:19
It can be a place you've never been to.
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Može biti i nepoznato mjesto.
03:21
It can be something you've never tried before.
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Može biti i nešto što do sada još niste isprobali.
03:25
You got it?
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Shvaćate?
03:26
OK. You can open your eyes now.
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Sada možete otvoriti oči.
03:28
For you to leap from a place of certainty,
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Kako biste mogli iskoračiti iz sigurne zone
03:31
to take a chance on that someone or something unknown,
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i iskušati sreću s nečim ili nekim novim
03:35
you need a force to pull you over the gap,
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trebate snagu koja će vas povući preko jaza,
03:38
and that remarkable force is trust.
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a ta posebna snaga je povjerenje.
03:42
Trust is an elusive concept,
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Povjerenje je neuhvatljiv koncept,
03:46
and yet we depend on it for our lives to function.
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a ipak nam je potrebno da bismo živjeli.
03:49
I trust my children
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Ja vjerujem svojoj djeci,
03:51
when they say they're going to turn the lights out at night.
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kad mi kažu da će ugasiti svjetlo.
03:54
I trusted the pilot who flew me here to keep me safe.
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Vjerovala sam pilotu da će mi put avionom biti siguran.
03:58
It's a word we use a lot,
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To je riječ koju puno koristimo
04:00
without always thinking about what it really means
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iako rijetko razmišljamo o tome što zaista znači
04:03
and how it works in different contexts of our lives.
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i kako funkcionira u različitim kontekstima našh života.
04:06
There are, in fact, hundreds of definitions of trust,
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Postoje stotine definicija povjerenja
04:10
and most can be reduced to some kind of risk assessment
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i većina se svodi na to da je povjerenje neka vrsta procjene rizika
04:14
of how likely it is that things will go right.
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koliko je vjerojatno da će se nešto razviti kako treba.
04:18
But I don't like this definition of trust,
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Ne sviđa mi se ta definicija
04:20
because it makes trust sound rational and predictable,
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jer se povjerenje prikazuje kao nešto racionalno i predvidljivo
04:25
and it doesn't really get to the human essence
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i ne bavi se time što je u ljudskoj srži
04:27
of what it enables us to do
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i onoga što nam povjerenje omogućava,
04:29
and how it empowers us
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koliko nas osnažuje
04:31
to connect with other people.
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da se povezujemo s drugima.
04:33
So I define trust a little differently.
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Stoga definiram povjerenje malo drugačije.
04:35
I define trust as a confident relationship to the unknown.
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Definiram ga kao pouzdanu povezanost s nepoznatim.
04:41
Now, when you view trust through this lens,
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Kada povjerenje gledate kroz te naočale,
04:44
it starts to explain why it has the unique capacity
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postaje vam jasnije zašto ima tako jednistvenu sposobnost
04:47
to enable us to cope with uncertainty,
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koja nam omogućava da izlazimo na kraj s neizvjesnosti,
04:50
to place our faith in strangers,
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da svoje sudbine prepustimo u ruke stranaca
04:53
to keep moving forward.
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kako bi smo nastavili napredovati.
04:56
Human beings are remarkable
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Ljudska bića izvanredno
04:59
at taking trust leaps.
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poduzimaju korake prema povjerenju.
05:01
Do you remember the first time you put your credit card details
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Sjećate li se prvog puta kad ste podatke svoje kreditne kartice
05:04
into a website?
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stavili na internet?
05:05
That's a trust leap.
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To je korak prema povjerenju.
05:07
I distinctly remember telling my dad
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Kao kroz maglu sjećam se da sam rekla svom tati
05:09
that I wanted to buy a navy blue secondhand Peugeot on eBay,
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da želim kupiti mornarsko plavi polovni Peugeot preko eBaya,
05:15
and he rightfully pointed out
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a on je s pravom naglasio
05:16
that the seller's name was "Invisible Wizard"
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da je prodavačevo ime "Nevidljvi čarobnjak"
05:19
and that this probably was not such a good idea.
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i da to vjerojatno nije baš dobra ideja.
05:22
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:24
So my work, my research focuses on how technology
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Stoga se moj rad, moje istraživanje fokusira na to kako tehnologija
05:27
is transforming the social glue of society,
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transformira društvenu povezanost zajednice,
05:30
trust between people,
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povjerenje među ljudima i
05:31
and it's a fascinating area to study,
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to je fascinantno područje za proučavanje
05:34
because there's still so much we do not know.
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jer postoji još puno toga što ne znamo.
05:37
For instance, do men and women trust differently in digital environments?
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Npr., imaju li muškarci i žene drugačije povjerenje u digitalnom okruženju?
05:42
Does the way we build trust face-to-face translate online?
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Može li se način građenja povjerenja u osobnom kontaktu prenijeti na virtualu?
05:47
Does trust transfer?
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Je li povjerenje moguće prenijeti?
05:49
So if you trust finding a mate on Tinder,
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Ako vjerujete da ćete naći partnera preko Tindera,
05:52
are you more likely to trust finding a ride on BlaBlaCar?
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jeste li skloniji tražiti i suputnika preko BlaBlaCar-a?
05:56
But from studying hundreds of networks and marketplaces,
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Proučavanjem stotine mreža i trgovina doznali smo
05:59
there is a common pattern that people follow,
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da ljudi koriste zajedničke obrasce ponašanja
06:02
and I call it "climbing the trust stack."
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koji nazivam "penjanje stogom povjerenja".
06:05
Let me use BlaBlaCar as an example to bring it to life.
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Kao primjer iz života koristit ćemo BlaBlaCar.
06:09
On the first level,
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Na prvoj razini
06:10
you have to trust the idea.
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trebate vjerovati ideji.
06:12
So you have to trust
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Trebate vjerovati da je
06:13
the idea of ride-sharing is safe and worth trying.
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zajednička vožnja sigurna ideja koju vrijedi isprobati.
06:17
The second level is about having confidence in the platform,
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Druga razina odnosi se na imanje povjerenja u platformu,
06:22
that BlaBlaCar will help you if something goes wrong.
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da će vam BlaBlaCar pomoći ako nešto pođe po zlu.
06:26
And the third level is about using little bits of information
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Treća razina odnosi se na korištenje malih količina informacija
06:30
to decide whether the other person is trustworthy.
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pomoću kojih trebamo odlučiti možemo li vjerovati drugoj osobi.
06:34
Now, the first time we climb the trust stack,
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Kada se prvi put penjemo stogom povjerenja,
06:36
it feels weird, even risky,
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čini nam se čudno, pa i riskantno,
06:40
but we get to a point where these ideas seem totally normal.
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no dolazimo do točke u kojoj se ove ideje čine sasvim normalne.
06:45
Our behaviors transform,
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Naša se ponašanja mijenjaju,
06:47
often relatively quickly.
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često vrlo brzo.
06:49
In other words, trust enables change and innovation.
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Drugim riječima, povjerenje omogućava promjenu i inovativnost.
06:55
So an idea that intrigued me, and I'd like you to consider,
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Želim da razmislite o tome
06:58
is whether we can better understand
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možemo li bolje razumjeti
07:01
major waves of disruption and change in individuals in society
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glavne valove remećenja i promjene kod pojedinaca u društvu
07:05
through the lens of trust.
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kroz naočale povjerenja.
07:07
Well, it turns out that trust has only evolved
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Povjerenje se rezvilo u samo
07:10
in three significant chapters throughout the course of human history:
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tri značajna oblika tijekom čitave ljudske povijesti:
07:15
local, institutional
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lokalni, institucionalni,
07:17
and what we're now entering, distributed.
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a sada i raspršeni.
07:20
So for a long time,
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Dugo vremena,
07:23
until the mid-1800s,
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do sredine 19. stoljeća,
07:24
trust was built around tight-knit relationships.
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povjerenje se gradilo oko čvrsto integriranih odnosa.
07:28
So say I lived in a village
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Recimo da sam živjela u selu
07:30
with the first five rows of this audience,
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s prvih pet redova ove publike
07:32
and we all knew one another,
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i svi smo se dobro poznavali
07:34
and say I wanted to borrow money.
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i recimo da sam htjela posuditi novac.
07:37
The man who had his eyes wide open, he might lend it to me,
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Čovjek širom otvorenih očiju mogao bi mi ih posuditi,
07:40
and if I didn't pay him back,
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a ako ih ne bih vratila,
07:42
you'd all know I was dodgy.
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svi biste znali da sam nepouzdana.
07:44
I would get a bad reputation,
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Imala bih lošu reputaciju,
07:46
and you would refuse to do business with me in the future.
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i vi biste odbijali poslovati sa mnom u budućnosti.
07:49
Trust was mostly local and accountability-based.
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Povjerenje je bilo lokalno i utemeljeno na odgovornosti.
07:53
In the mid-19th century,
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Sredinom 19. stoljeća
07:54
society went through a tremendous amount of change.
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društvo je prošlo silnu promjenu.
07:58
People moved to fast-growing cities such as London and San Francisco,
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Ljudi su se selili u brzorastuće gradove poput Londona i San Francisca,
08:02
and a local banker here was replaced by large corporations
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a tamošnje lokalne bankare zamijenila su velika poduzeća
08:07
that didn't know us as individuals.
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koja nas nisu poznavala kao pojedince.
08:10
We started to place our trust
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Počeli smo vjerovati
08:12
into black box systems of authority,
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u modele crne kutije nadležnih sustava
08:15
things like legal contracts and regulation and insurance,
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poput zakonitih ugovora, pravila i osiguranja,
08:19
and less trust directly in other people.
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stoga je nastalo manje direktnog povjerenja u druge ljude.
08:23
Trust became institutional and commission-based.
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Povjerenje je postalo institucionalno i temeljilo se na vjerovanju vladajućima.
08:27
It's widely talked about how trust in institutions and many corporate brands
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Široke rasprave vode se o padu povjerenja u institucije i mnoge proizvodne marke,
08:32
has been steadily declining and continues to do so.
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a taj se trend nastavlja i dalje.
08:36
I am constantly stunned by major breaches of trust:
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Neprestano sam osupnuta stalnim povredama povjerenja:
08:42
the News Corp phone hacking,
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provala u telefonske sustave News Corpa,
08:44
the Volkswagen emissions scandal,
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skandal s VW-emisijama štetnih plinova,
08:47
the widespread abuse in the Catholic Church,
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rasprostranjeno zlostavljanje u katoličkoj Crkvi,
08:50
the fact that only one measly banker
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činjenica da je samo jedan jedini bankar
08:54
went to jail after the great financial crisis,
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otišao u zatvor nakon financijske krize
08:57
or more recently the Panama Papers
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ili u novije vrijeme Panama Papers
08:59
that revealed how the rich can exploit offshore tax regimes.
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koji otkrivaju kako bogati iskorištavaju porezne režime drugih zemalja.
09:04
And the thing that really surprises me
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A ono što me najviše iznenađuje
09:07
is why do leaders find it so hard
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jest zašto je čelnicima tako teško
09:11
to apologize, I mean sincerely apologize,
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ispričati se, iskreno se ispričati
09:14
when our trust is broken?
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kad izigraju tuđe povjerenje?
09:17
It would be easy to conclude that institutional trust isn't working
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Bilo bi lako zaključiti da institucionalno povjerenje ne funkcionira
09:21
because we are fed up
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jer nam je dosta
09:23
with the sheer audacity of dishonest elites,
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drskosti nepoštenih elita,
09:25
but what's happening now
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a ono što se sad događa
09:27
runs deeper than the rampant questioning of the size and structure of institutions.
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puno je ozbiljnije od stalnog ispitivanja veličine i strukture institucija.
09:33
We're starting to realize
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Počinjemo shvaćati
09:35
that institutional trust
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da institucionalno povjerenje
09:37
wasn't designed for the digital age.
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nije stvoreno za digitalno doba.
09:40
Conventions of how trust is built,
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Poimanje o tome kako se gradi,
09:44
managed, lost and repaired --
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upravlja, gube i popravlja povjerenje
09:46
in brands, leaders and entire systems --
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u brandove, čelnike i čitave sustave --
09:49
is being turned upside down.
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potpuno se promijenilo.
09:51
Now, this is exciting,
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To je istovremeno i uzbudljivo
09:53
but it's frightening,
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i zastrašujuće
09:55
because it forces many of us to have to rethink
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jer nas prisiljava da promislimo
09:58
how trust is built and destroyed with our customers, with our employees,
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o tome kako se povjerenje stvara i gubi s našim klijentima ili našim radnicima,
10:02
even our loved ones.
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pa čak i našim voljenima.
10:05
The other day, I was talking to the CEO of a leading international hotel brand,
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Neki dan razgovarala sam s direktorom vodećeg međunarodnog hotelskog lanca
10:12
and as is often the case, we got onto the topic of Airbnb.
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i, naravno, dotaknuli smo se teme Airbnb-a.
10:15
And he admitted to me that he was perplexed by their success.
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Priznao mi je da ga čudi njihov uspjeh.
10:20
He was perplexed at how a company
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Čudi se kako poduzeće
10:23
that depends on the willingness of strangers to trust one another
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koje ovisi o volji neznanaca da vjeruju jedni drugima
10:27
could work so well across 191 countries.
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tako dobro funkcionira u 191 državi.
10:31
So I said to him that I had a confession to make,
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Rekla sam mu da mu moram nešto priznati,
10:35
and he looked at me a bit strangely,
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a on me čudno pogledao
10:37
and I said --
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pa sam rekla --
10:38
and I'm sure many of you do this as well --
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i sigurna sam da nisam jedina --
10:40
I don't always bother to hang my towels up
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često ne vratim ručnike na mjesto
10:43
when I'm finished in the hotel,
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kad napuštam hotel,
10:46
but I would never do this as a guest on Airbnb.
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a to mi nikad ne bi palo na pamet da sam gost Airbnb-a.
10:49
And the reason why I would never do this as a guest on Airbnb
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To nikad ne bih napravila na Arbnb-iju
10:52
is because guests know that they'll be rated by hosts,
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zato što gosti znaju da će domaćini ocijeniti njihov boravak
10:56
and that those ratings are likely to impact their ability
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i da će te ocjene vjerojatno utjecati na mogućnost njihovog
11:00
to transact in the future.
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budućeg korištenja usluge.
11:02
It's a simple illustration of how online trust will change our behaviors
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To oslikava kako će internetsko povjerenje mijenjati naše ponašanje
11:06
in the real world,
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u stvarnom svijetu.,
11:08
make us more accountable
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činiti nas odgovornijima
11:10
in ways we cannot yet even imagine.
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na načine koje ne možemo ni zamisliti.
11:14
I am not saying we do not need hotels
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Ne kažem da ne trebamo hotele ili
11:17
or traditional forms of authority.
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tradicionalne oblike autoriteta.
11:20
But what we cannot deny
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No, ne možemo zanijekati
11:22
is that the way trust flows through society is changing,
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da se način na koji povjerenje utječe na društvo mijenja
11:26
and it's creating this big shift
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i odmiče
11:29
away from the 20th century
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od 20. stoljeća
11:30
that was defined by institutional trust
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koje je određeno povjerenjem u institucije
11:33
towards the 21st century
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prema 21. stoljeću
11:36
that will be fueled by distributed trust.
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koje će pokretati dijeljeno povjerenje.
11:39
Trust is no longer top-down.
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Povjerenje više ne ide odozgo prema dolje.
11:43
It's being unbundled and inverted.
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Odvaja se i preokreće.
11:45
It's no longer opaque and linear.
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Nije više nejasno i pravocrtno.
11:49
A new recipe for trust is emerging
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Javlja se novi recept za povjerenje
11:52
that once again is distributed amongst people
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koji se ponovno dijeli među ljudima
11:56
and is accountability-based.
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i temelji na povjerenju.
11:58
And this shift is only going to accelerate
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Ta će se promjena samo ubrzati
12:01
with the emergence of the blockchain,
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pojavom blockchain-a,
12:04
the innovative ledger technology underpinning Bitcoin.
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inovativne tehnologije koja pokreće digitalni novac Bitcoin.
12:08
Now let's be honest,
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Budimo iskreni,
12:11
getting our heads around the way blockchain works
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način na koji Blockchain funkcionira
12:15
is mind-blowing.
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nevjerojatan je.
12:17
And one of the reasons why is it involves processing
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Dijelom zato što uključuje razumijevanje
12:21
some pretty complicated concepts
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nekih prilično kompliciranih koncepata
12:23
with terrible names.
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groznih imena.
12:25
I mean, cryptographic algorithms and hash functions,
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Mislim, šifrirani algoritmi i hash-funkcije
12:29
and people called miners, who verify transactions --
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ljudi-rudari koji odobravaju transakacije --
12:32
all that was created by this mysterious person
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i sve je to kreirala tajanstvena osoba
12:36
or persons called Satoshi Nakamoto.
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ili osobe zvane Satoshi Nakamoto.
12:39
Now, that is a massive trust leap that hasn't happened yet.
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E, to je stvarno novi korak prema povjerenju.
12:44
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
12:47
But let's try to imagine this.
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Pokušajmo zamisliti ovo.
12:49
So "The Economist" eloquently described the blockchain
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Časopis "The Economist" rječito je opisao Blockchain
12:53
as the great chain of being sure about things.
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kao veliki lanac povjerenja u to što se događa.
12:56
The easiest way I can describe it is imagine the blocks as spreadsheets,
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Najlakše ga je opisati kao blokove u obliku tablice
13:01
and they are filled with assets.
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koje su ispunjene sredstvima.
13:04
So that could be a property title.
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To može biti ime vlasništvo imovine.
13:07
It could be a stock trade.
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Može biti trgovina dionicama
13:09
It could be a creative asset, such as the rights to a song.
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ili nematerijalna imovina, poput autorskih prava na pjesmu.
13:12
Every time something moves
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Svaki put kada se nešto pomakne
13:16
from one place on the register to somewhere else,
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s jednog mjesta u evidenciji na drugo
13:19
that asset transfer is time-stamped
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taj transfer imovine dobiva vremensku oznaku
13:22
and publicly recorded on the blockchain.
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i javno je obznanjen na Blockchainu.
13:26
It's that simple. Right.
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Zvuči jednostavno, zar ne?
13:28
So the real implication of the blockchain
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Pravi, dublji smisao Blockchaina
13:31
is that it removes the need for any kind of third party,
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leži u isključivanju potrebe za bilo kakvim posrednikom
13:36
such as a lawyer,
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poput odvjetnika,
13:37
or a trusted intermediary, or maybe not a government intermediary
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ovlaštenog ili možda neovlaštenog posrednika
13:40
to facilitate the exchange.
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da potrebe provedbe razmjene.
13:42
So if we go back to the trust stack,
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Da se vratimo stogu povjerenja -
13:44
you still have to trust the idea,
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još uvijek trebate vjerovati ideji,
13:47
you have to trust the platform,
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trebate vjerovati platformi,
13:50
but you don't have to trust the other person
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ali ne morate vjerovati drugoj osobi
13:53
in the traditional sense.
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u tradicionalnom smislu.
13:54
The implications are huge.
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Posljedice su ogromne.
13:57
In the same way the internet blew open the doors to an age of information
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Na isti način na koji je internet otvorio vrata u doba informacija
14:01
available to everyone,
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dostupnih svima,
14:02
the blockchain will revolutionize trust on a global scale.
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Blockchain će revolucionirati povjerenje na globalnoj razini.
14:08
Now, I've waited to the end intentionally to mention Uber,
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Namjerno sam čekala sam kraj da spomenem Uber
14:12
because I recognize that it is a contentious
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jer mi se čini da je to problematičan
14:15
and widely overused example,
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i previše korišten,
14:18
but in the context of a new era of trust, it's a great case study.
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ali odličan primjer u kontekstu novog doba povjerenja.
14:21
Now, we will see cases of abuse of distributed trust.
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Sada ćemo vidjeti primjere zloupotrebe raspršenog povjerenja.
14:26
We've already seen this, and it can go horribly wrong.
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Već smo to vidjeli i znamo da može krenuti u sasvim pogrešnom pravcu.
14:30
I am not surprised that we are seeing protests from taxi associations
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Ne iznenađuje me što udruženja taksista prosvjeduju
14:35
all around the world
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diljem svijeta
14:36
trying to get governments to ban Uber based on claims that it is unsafe.
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pokušavajući prisiliti vlade da zabrane Uber zbog njegove nesigurnosti.
14:42
I happened to be in London the day that these protests took place,
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Slučajno sam bila u Londonu na dan kada su se takvi prosvjedi odvijali,
14:46
and I happened to notice a tweet
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a vidjela sam i tweet
14:48
from Matt Hancock, who is a British minister for business.
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Matta Hancocka, britanskog ministra gospodarstva
14:52
And he wrote,
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koji kaže:
14:53
"Does anyone have details of this #Uber app everyone's talking about?
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"Je l' itko zna nešto o toj #Uber aplikaciji o kojoj svi govore?
14:57
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
14:59
I'd never heard of it until today."
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Prvi put čujem."
15:03
Now, the taxi associations,
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Udruženja taksista
15:07
they legitimized the first layer of the trust stack.
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prvu razinu stoga povjerenja učinila su pravovaljanom
15:10
They legitimized the idea that they were trying to eliminate,
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Učinili su pravovaljanom ideju koju su pokušali uništiti,
15:13
and sign-ups increased by 850 percent in 24 hours.
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a postigli su da se broj korisnika u 24 sata poveća za 850%.
15:19
Now, this is a really strong illustration
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To je zaista snažna ilustracija
15:22
of how once a trust shift has happened around a behavior or an entire sector,
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kako je, kada se promjeni povjerenje u neko ponašanje ili u čitavi sektor,
15:28
you cannot reverse the story.
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teško vratiti priču na početak.
15:31
Every day, five million people will take a trust leap
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Svaki će dan 5 milijuna ljudi napraviti korak prema povjerenju
15:35
and ride with Uber.
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i voziti se Uberom.
15:36
In China, on Didi, the ride-sharing platform,
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U Kini, na Didiju, platformi za zajedničku vožnju,
15:39
11 million rides taken every day.
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11 milijuna ljudi vozi se svaki dan.
15:42
That's 127 rides per second,
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To je 127 vožnji svake sekunde
15:46
showing that this is a cross-cultural phenomenon.
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koje nam govore da je to međukulturalni fenomen.
15:49
And the fascinating thing is that both drivers and passengers report
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Fascinira i činjenica da i vozači i putnici izvještavaju
15:53
that seeing a name
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da im uvid u nečije ime,
15:55
and seeing someone's photo and their rating
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fotografiju i ocjene
15:58
makes them feel safer,
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pomaže osjećati se sigurno i,
16:01
and as you may have experienced,
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kao što ste i vi mogli iskusiti,
16:02
even behave a little more nicely in the taxi cab.
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pomaže da se ponašaju pristojnije u taksiju.
16:07
Uber and Didi are early but powerful examples
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Uber i Didi su rani, ali snažni primjeri
16:11
of how technology is creating trust between people
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tehnologije koja stvara povjerenje među ljudima
16:15
in ways and on a scale never possible before.
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na način i u količini koja dosada nije bila moguća.
16:19
Today, many of us are comfortable getting into cars driven by strangers.
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Danas mnogi od nas rado sjedamo u auto kojim upravljaju stranci.
16:25
We meet up with someone we swiped right to be matched with.
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Sastanemo se s nekim da provjerimo jesmo li stvarno dobar par.
16:29
We share our homes with people we do not know.
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Dijelimo naše domove s ljudima koje ne poznajemo.
16:33
This is just the beginning,
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To je tek početak
16:36
because the real disruption happening
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jer pravo remećenje koje se događa
16:39
isn't technological.
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nije tehnološko.
16:41
It's the trust shift it creates,
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Stvara promjenu povjerenja
16:43
and for my part, I want to help people understand this new era of trust
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i što se mene tiče, želim pomoći ljudima razumijeti novo doba povjerenja
16:49
so that we can get it right
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kako bismo ga shvatili
16:50
and we can embrace the opportunities to redesign systems
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i prihvatili mogućnosti za poboljšanje sustava
16:54
that are more transparent, inclusive and accountable.
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koji će biti transparentniji, inkluzivan i na koji će se moći računati.
16:58
Thank you very much.
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Hvala najljepša.
17:00
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
17:02
Thank you.
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Hvala.
17:03
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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