Jonathan Haidt: How common threats can make common (political) ground

72,680 views ใƒป 2013-01-07

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
0
0
7000
ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Thabit Hamror ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Abdulatif Mahgoub
00:15
So if you've been following the news,
1
15959
1758
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ุงุฐุง ูƒู†ุชู… ุชุชุงุจุนูˆู† ุงู„ุงุฎุจุงุฑ
00:17
you've heard that there's a pack of giant asteroids
2
17717
2489
ูู‚ุฏ ุณู…ุนุชู… ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุฒู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ
00:20
headed for the United States,
3
20206
1073
ู…ุชุฌู‡ุฉ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ
00:21
all scheduled to strike within the next 50 years.
4
21279
3467
ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน ุงู† ุชุถุฑุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุนุงู… ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ
00:24
Now I don't mean actual asteroids made of rock and metal.
5
24746
3053
ุงู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃุนู†ูŠ ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุช ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุตุฎูˆุฑ ูˆ ุญุฏูŠุฏ
00:27
That actually wouldn't be such a problem,
6
27799
1507
ุจุงู„ุนูƒุณุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ
00:29
because if we were really all going to die,
7
29306
2104
ู„ุงู†ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูƒู†ุง ุณู†ู…ูˆุช ุฌู…ูŠุนุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ุตุฎุฑูŠุฉ
00:31
we would put aside our differences, we'd spend whatever it took,
8
31410
3038
ูุฅู†ู†ุง ุงุฐุงู‹ ุณู†ุถุน ุงุฎุชู„ุงูุงุชู†ุง ุจุนูŠุฏุงู‹
00:34
and we'd find a way to deflect them.
9
34448
2130
ูˆ ู†ุจุฐู„ ู‚ุตุงุฑ ุฌู‡ุฏู†ุง ู„ู†ุฌุฏ ุญู„ ู„ุฅุจุนุงุฏู‡ุง
00:36
I'm talking instead about threats that are headed our way,
10
36578
2702
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุงุฎุทุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุชุฌู‡ุฉ ู†ุญูˆู†ุง
00:39
but they're wrapped in a special energy field
11
39280
2136
ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู„ููˆูุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุทุงู‚ุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†
00:41
that polarizes us, and therefore paralyzes us.
12
41416
4350
ูŠุณุชู‚ุทุจู†ุง ูˆ ุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูŠุดู„ ุญุฑูƒุชู†ุง.
00:45
Last March, I went to the TED conference,
13
45766
1904
ููŠ ู…ุงุฑุณ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ุฐู‡ุจุช ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุคุชู…ุฑ ุชูŠุฏ
00:47
and I saw Jim Hansen speak, the NASA scientist
14
47670
2836
ูˆุฑุฃูŠุช ุฌูŠู… ู‡ุงู†ุณู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุจูˆูƒุงู„ุฉ ู†ุงุณุง ูŠุชุญุฏุซ
00:50
who first raised the alarm about global warming in the 1980s,
15
50506
2910
ูŠุญุฐุฑ ู…ู† ุฎุทูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุญุชุจุงุณ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠ
00:53
and it seems that the predictions he made back then
16
53416
2465
ูˆ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุงู† ุชู†ุจุคุงุชู‡ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช
00:55
are coming true.
17
55881
1841
ุชุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ.
00:57
This is where we're headed in terms of global temperature rises,
18
57722
3487
ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ู…ู† ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
01:01
and if we keep on going the way we're going,
19
61209
1609
ูˆ ุงุฐุง ุจู‚ูŠู†ุง ู†ูุนู„ ู…ุง ู†ูุนู„
01:02
we get a four- or five-degree-Centigrade temperature rise
20
62818
3468
ุณู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉ ุจู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ูค ุงู„ู‰ ูฅ ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ
01:06
by the end of this century.
21
66286
1348
ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุฑู†.
01:07
Hansen says we can expect about a five-meter rise in sea levels.
22
67634
3788
ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุงู†ุณู† ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุชูˆู‚ุน ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูฅ ุงู…ุชุงุฑ ู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ
01:11
This is what a five-meter rise in sea levels would look like.
23
71422
3242
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูฅ ุงู…ุชุงุฑ ู…ู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง.
01:14
Low-lying cities all around the world will disappear
24
74664
3008
ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุณุชุฎุชููŠ
01:17
within the lifetime of children born today.
25
77672
3798
ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุญูŠุงุฉ ู…ูˆุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ูŠูˆู….
01:21
Hansen closed his talk by saying,
26
81470
2296
ุงู†ู‡ู‰ ู‡ุงู†ุณู† ูƒู„ุงู…ู‡ ุจุงู„ู‚ูˆู„:
01:23
"Imagine a giant asteroid on a collision course with Earth.
27
83766
4137
"ุชุฎูŠู„ ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจ ุถุฎู… ูŠุถุฑุจ ุงู„ุงุฑุถ"
01:27
That is the equivalent of what we face now.
28
87903
2353
"ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ูˆุงุฌู‡ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
01:30
Yet we dither, taking no action to deflect the asteroid,
29
90256
3774
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู„ุง ู†ุฒุงู„ ู†ุชุฑุฏุฏุŒ ูˆ ู„ุง ู†ูุนู„ ุงูŠ ุดูŠุก ู„ุฅุจุนุงุฏ ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ"
01:34
even though the longer we wait,
30
94030
1709
"ุฑุบู… ุงู†ู‡ ูƒู„ู…ุง ุชุฃุฎุฑู†ุง
01:35
the more difficult and expensive it becomes."
31
95739
3077
ูƒู„ู…ุง ุชุนู‚ุฏุช ุงู„ู…ุนุถู„ุฉ"
01:38
Of course, the left wants to take action,
32
98816
1807
ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑูŠูŠู† ุงู† ูŠูุนู„ูˆุง ุดูŠุฆุง
01:40
but the right denies that there's any problem.
33
100623
3336
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ูŠู† ูŠู†ูƒุฑูˆู† ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ.
01:43
All right, so I go back from TED,
34
103959
1578
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ุนุฏุช ู…ู† ู…ุคุชู…ุฑ ุชูŠุฏ
01:45
and then the following week, I'm invited to a dinner party
35
105537
2894
ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุŒ ูƒู†ุช ู…ุฏุนูˆุงู‹ ุงู„ู‰ ุญูู„ุฉ ุนุดุงุก
01:48
in Washington, D.C., where I know that I'll be meeting
36
108431
2465
ููŠ ูˆุงุดู†ุทู† ุฏูŠ ุณูŠุŒ ุญูŠุซ ุงุนุฑู ุงู†ู†ูŠ ุณุฃู‚ุงุจู„
01:50
a number of conservative intellectuals, including Yuval Levin,
37
110896
2742
ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ููƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุชุญูุธูŠู† ุจู…ู† ููŠู‡ู… (ูŠูˆฺคุงู„ ู„ูŠฺคู†)
01:53
and to prepare for the meeting, I read this article by Levin
38
113638
3596
ุงุณุชุนุฏุงุฏุงู‹ ู„ู„ุฅุฌุชู…ุงุน ู‚ุฑุฃุช ู…ู‚ุงู„ ู„ู€ ูŠูˆฺคุงู†
01:57
in National Affairs called "Beyond the Welfare State."
39
117234
3366
ููŠ ู…ุฌู„ุฉ (ู†ุงุดูˆู†ุงู„ ุงููŠุฑุฒ) ุจุนู†ูˆุงู† "ุจุนูŠุฏุงู‹ ุนู† ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ"
02:00
Levin writes that all over the world,
40
120600
3199
ูŠูƒุชุจ ู„ูŠฺคู† ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
02:03
nations are coming to terms with the fact
41
123799
2211
ุงู„ุดุนูˆุจ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชูƒุชุดู ุงู† ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ
02:06
that the social democratic welfare state
42
126010
2301
ุงู„ุดุนูˆุจ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชูƒุชุดู ุงู† ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ
02:08
is turning out to be untenable and unaffordable,
43
128311
3519
ุชุจุฏูˆ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุฌุฏูŠุฉ ูˆ ู…ูƒู„ูุฉ
02:11
dependent upon dubious economics
44
131830
2564
ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ู…ุดุจูˆู‡
02:14
and the demographic model of a bygone era.
45
134394
3637
ูˆ ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุฏูŠู…ูˆุบุฑุงููŠ ู„ุนุตุฑ ู…ุถู‰.
02:18
All right, now this might not sound as scary as an asteroid,
46
138031
2645
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูƒุซุฑ ุฑุนุจุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุช
02:20
but look at these graphs that Levin showed.
47
140676
2678
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุธุฑูˆุง ุงู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู… ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุนุฑุถู‡ุง ู„ูŠฺคู†
02:23
This graph shows the national debt
48
143354
2450
ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูŠ ูŠุจูŠู† ุงู† ุงู„ู‚ุฑุถ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู…ูŠ
02:25
as a percentage of America's GDP, and as you see,
49
145804
3082
ูƒู†ุณุจุฉ ู…ู† ุฅุฌู…ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠ. ูˆ ูƒู…ุง ุชุฑูˆู†ุŒ
02:28
if you go all the way back to the founding,
50
148886
2081
ุงุฐุง ุฑุฌุนู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุงุช
02:30
we borrowed a lot of money to fight the Revolutionary War.
51
150967
2116
ุณู†ุฌุฏ ุงู†ู†ุง ุงู‚ุชุฑุถู†ุง ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุงู„ ู„ุฎูˆุถ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุซูˆุฑูŠุฉ.
02:33
Wars are expensive. But then we'd pay it off, pay it off, pay it off,
52
153083
3338
ุงู„ุญุฑูˆุจ ู…ูƒู„ูุฉ. ูˆ ุซู… ู†ุนูˆุฏ ู†ุณุฏุฏ ูˆ ู†ุณุฏุฏ ูˆ ู†ุณุฏุฏ.
02:36
and then, oh, what's this? The Civil War. Even more expensive.
53
156421
3052
ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุงูˆู‡ุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุงู‡ู„ูŠุฉ. ุงูƒุซุฑ ุชูƒู„ูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ.
02:39
Borrow a lot of money, pay it off, pay it off, pay it off,
54
159473
2733
ู†ู‚ุชุฑุถ ู…ุงู„ุงู‹ ูƒุซูŠุฑุงู‹ุŒ ุซู… ู†ุณุฏุฏ ูˆ ู†ุณุฏุฏ ูˆ ู†ุณุฏุฏ.
02:42
get down to near zero, and bang! -- World War I.
55
162206
2722
ู†ู‚ุงุฑุจ ู…ู† ุณุฏุงุฏ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠู† ูˆ ู…ู† ุซู… ูุฌุฃุฉู‹ุŒ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงูˆู„ู‰.
02:44
Once again, the same process repeats.
56
164928
1702
ูˆ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุชุนูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑู‘ุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุง.
02:46
Now then we get the Great Depression and World War II.
57
166630
1908
ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ูƒุณุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ.
02:48
We rise to an astronomical level, around 118 percent of GDP,
58
168538
4358
ูˆ ูŠุฑุชูุน ุงู„ุฏูŠู’ู† ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ู‚ุตูˆู‰.
02:52
really unsustainable, really dangerous.
59
172896
3680
ูกูกูจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุฅุฌู…ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠ. ุฎุทุฑ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุณุชุฏุงู….
02:56
But we pay it off, pay it off, pay it off, and then, what's this?
60
176576
4627
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู†ุณุฏุฏู‡ุŒ ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ุฐุงุŸ
03:01
Why has it been rising since the '70s?
61
181203
3009
ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ู… ูŠุชูˆู‚ู ุนู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู„ุณุจุนูŠู†ุงุชุŸ
03:04
It's partly due to tax cuts that were unfunded,
62
184212
2793
ุฌุฒุฆูŠุงู‹ ุจุณุจุจ ุฎุตูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุถุฑุงุฆุจ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ู… ุชูุดุจูŽุน.
03:07
but it's due primarily to the rise of entitlement spending,
63
187005
2694
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุบุงู„ุจุงู‹ ุจุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู†ูู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุชุญู‚ุงู‚ุงุช
03:09
especially Medicare.
64
189699
2154
ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ุงู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุฉ.
03:11
We're approaching the levels of indebtedness we had at World War II,
65
191853
3095
ู‡ุง ู‚ุฏ ู‚ุงุฑุจู†ุง ุงู† ู†ูˆุงุฌู‡ ุฏูŠู’ู† ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
03:14
and the baby boomers haven't even retired yet,
66
194948
2991
ูˆ ู…ูˆุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณูŠู†ุงุช ู„ู… ูŠุชู‚ุงุนุฏูˆุง ุจุนุฏ
03:17
and when they do, this is what will happen.
67
197939
3270
ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชู‚ุงุนุฏูˆุงุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุณูŠุญุฏุซ.
03:21
This is data from the Congressional Budget Office
68
201209
1729
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงุฑู‚ุงู… ู…ู† ู…ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ
03:22
showing its most realistic forecast of what would happen
69
202938
2827
ู„ุชุฑูŠู†ุง ุงู‚ุฑุจ ุงู„ุชูˆู‚ุนุงุช ู„ู…ุง ู‚ุฏ ูŠุญุฏุซ
03:25
if current situations and expectations and trends are extended.
70
205765
4115
ุงุฐุง ุงุณุชู…ุฑุช ุงู„ุงูˆุถุงุน ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู…ุท ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูˆ.
03:29
All right, now what you might notice is that these two graphs
71
209880
2932
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู† ู‚ุฏ ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุงู† ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุงู† ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูŠุงู†
03:32
are actually identical, not in terms of the x- and y-axes,
72
212812
4631
ู‡ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุชุดุงุจู‡ุงู†ุŒ ู„ูŠุณ ุจุงู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ x ุงูˆ y
03:37
or in terms of the data they present,
73
217443
1195
ุงูˆ ุญุชู‰ ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ุซู„ุงู‡ุง
03:38
but in terms of their moral and political implications, they say the same thing.
74
218638
4473
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุนูƒุงุณุงุช ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ูู‡ู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ุงู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก.
03:43
Let me translate for you.
75
223111
1836
ุฏุนู†ูŠ ุงุชุฑุฌู… ู„ูƒู… ูƒู„ุงู…ูŠ
03:44
"We are doomed unless we start acting now.
76
224947
3667
"ู†ุญู† ููŠ ูˆุฑุทุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงุฐุง ู„ู… ู†ูุนู„ ุดูŠุฃู‹ ุงู„ุขู†
03:48
What's wrong with you people on the other side in the other party?
77
228614
2980
ู…ุงุฐุง ุจูƒู… ูŠุง ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุญุฒุงุจ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑู‰ุŸ
03:51
Can't you see reality? If you won't help, then get the hell out of the way."
78
231594
4389
ุงู„ุง ุชุฑูˆู† ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŸ ุงุฐุง ู„ู† ุชุณุงุนุฏูˆุงุŒ ูุฃุจุชุนุฏูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ู†ุง."
03:55
We can deflect both of these asteroids.
79
235983
2281
ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุงู† ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงู†.
03:58
These problems are both technically solvable.
80
238264
3390
ุงู„ุญู„ูˆู„ ุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุชุงู†.
04:01
Our problem and our tragedy is that in these hyper-partisan times,
81
241654
2779
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุดูƒู„ุชู†ุง ุงู„ูƒุจุฑู‰ ููŠ ุฒู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฒุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุดุฏุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐุง
04:04
the mere fact that one side says, "Look, there's an asteroid,"
82
244433
2992
ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุงู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงุญุฏู‡ู… "ุงู†ุธุฑูˆุงุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจ ู…ุชุฌู‡ ู†ุญูˆู†ุง"
04:07
means that the other side's going to say, "Huh? What?
83
247425
2241
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ุงู„ุทุฑู ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ ุณูŠู‚ูˆู„ "ู‡ุงู‡ุŸ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ"
04:09
No, I'm not even going to look up. No."
84
249666
2578
"ู„ุงุŒ ูˆ ู„ู† ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุนู„ู‰ ุงุตู„ุงู‹ุŒ ู„ุง"
04:12
To understand why this is happening to us,
85
252244
3104
ู„ู†ูู‡ู… ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง
04:15
and what we can do about it, we need to learn more about moral psychology.
86
255348
4046
ูˆ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ูุนู„ ุจุตุฏุฏู‡ุŒ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ุนู† ุงู„ุณุงูŠูƒูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุฉ.
04:19
So I'm a social psychologist, and I study morality,
87
259394
2658
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ุงู†ุง ุณุงูŠูƒูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠ ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุŒ ูˆ ุงุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ุงุฎู„ุงู‚ูŠุฉ ุงูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุฉ
04:22
and one of the most important principles of morality
88
262052
2387
ูˆ ุงุญุฏ ุฃู‡ู… ุงุนู…ุฏุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆู… ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุฉ
04:24
is that morality binds and blinds.
89
264439
3250
ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุฉ ุชุฑุจุท ูˆ ุชูุนู…ูŠ
04:27
It binds us into teams that circle around sacred values
90
267689
2434
ุชุฑุจุทู†ุง ููŠ ุฏูˆุงุฆุฑ ุชุฏูˆุฑ ุญูˆู„ ู‚ูŠู… ู…ู‚ุฏุณุฉ
04:30
but thereby makes us go blind to objective reality.
91
270123
3913
ูˆ ุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุชุนู…ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนูŠุฉ.
04:34
Think of it like this.
92
274036
1106
ููƒุฑ ุจู‡ุง ู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ
04:35
Large-scale cooperation is extremely rare on this planet.
93
275142
4063
ุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ุฐูˆ ุงู„ู†ุทุงู‚ ุงู„ูˆุงุณุน ุดูŠุก ู†ุงุฏุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจ.
04:39
There are only a few species that can do it.
94
279205
2159
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู†ูˆุงุน ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูˆ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ.
04:41
That's a beehive. That's a termite mound, a giant termite mound.
95
281364
3000
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู†ุญู„. ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุชู„ ู„ู„ู†ู…ู„ ุงู„ุงุจูŠุถ.
04:44
And when you find this in other animals, it's always the same story.
96
284364
3100
ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุฌุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงูŠ ู†ูˆุน ุงุฎุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฎู„ูˆู‚ุงุชุŒ ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ุณุชุฌุฏ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ.
04:47
They're always all siblings who are children of a single queen,
97
287464
4897
ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงุฎูˆุฉ ุงุทูุงู„ ู„ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
04:52
so they're all in the same boat.
98
292361
1859
ูˆ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุณููŠู†ุฉ.
04:54
They rise or fall, they live or die, as one.
99
294220
3321
ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ูˆ ูŠู‚ุนูˆู†ุŒ ูŠู…ูˆุชูˆู† ูˆ ูŠุญูŠูˆู†ุŒ ุณูˆูŠุงู‹.
04:57
There's only one species on the planet that can do this
100
297541
2291
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู†ูˆุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ ูุนู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุฏูˆู† ู…ู„ูƒูŠุฉ
04:59
without kinship, and that, of course, is us.
101
299832
2575
ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ู†ุญู†.
05:02
This is a reconstruction of ancient Babylon,
102
302407
2271
ู‡ู†ุง ุงุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ู„ุจุงุจู„ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ
05:04
and this is Tenochtitlan.
103
304678
2323
ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชูŠู†ูˆุฎุชูŠุชู„ุงู†.
05:07
Now how did we do this? How did we go
104
307001
2092
ูƒูŠู ูุนู„ู†ุง ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ
05:09
from being hunter-gatherers 10,000 years ago
105
309093
2994
ูƒูŠู ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ุตูŠุงุฏูŠู† ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู ุณู†ุฉ
05:12
to building these gigantic cities in just a few thousand years?
106
312087
4018
ุงู„ู‰ ุจู†ุงุก ู…ุฏู† ุถุฎู…ุฉ ูƒู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุจุถุน ุงู„ู ุณู†ุฉุŸ
05:16
It's miraculous, and part of the explanation
107
316105
3043
ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ุนุฌุฒุฉุŒ ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุจุจ ู‡ูˆ
05:19
is this ability to circle around sacred values.
108
319148
4224
ู‚ุฏุฑุชู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ุญูˆู„ ู‚ูŠู… ู…ู‚ุฏุณุฉ
05:23
As you see, temples and gods play a big role in all ancient civilizations.
109
323372
3924
ูˆ ูƒู…ุง ุชุฑูˆู†ุŒ ุชู„ุนุจ ุงู„ุงู„ู‡ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุจุฏ ุฏูˆุฑุงู‹ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุถุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ.
05:27
This is an image of Muslims circling the Kaaba in Mecca.
110
327296
3852
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุณู„ู…ูˆู† ูŠุฏูˆุฑูˆู† ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ูƒุนุจุฉ ุจู…ูƒุฉ.
05:31
It's a sacred rock, and when people circle something together,
111
331148
3145
ู‡ูˆ ุญุฌุฑ ู…ู‚ุฏุณ ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุณูˆูŠุงู‹
05:34
they unite, they can trust each other, they become one.
112
334293
4371
ูŠุชุญุฏูˆู†ุŒ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ุซู‚ุชู‡ู… ุจุจุนุถ ูˆ ูŠุตุจุญูˆู† ูˆุงุญุฏ.
05:38
It's as though you're moving an electrical wire
113
338664
2181
ูƒุฃู†ู…ุง ุชุญุฑูƒ ุณู„ูƒ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠ
05:40
through a magnetic field that generates current.
114
340845
2137
ุนุจุฑ ู…ุฌุงู„ ู…ุบู†ุทูŠุณูŠ ูŠูˆู„ุฏ ุทุงู‚ุฉ.
05:42
When people circle together, they generate a current.
115
342982
2923
ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุณูˆูŠุงู‹ ูŠูˆู„ุฏูˆู† ุทุงู‚ุฉ.
05:45
We love to circle around things.
116
345905
1533
ู†ุญู† ู†ุญุจ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก.
05:47
We circle around flags, and then we can trust each other.
117
347438
3698
ู†ุฏูˆุฑ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุงุนู„ุงู… ูู†ุซู‚ ุจุจุนุถู†ุง.
05:51
We can fight as a team, as a unit.
118
351136
2841
ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุญุงุฑุจุฉ ููŠ ูˆุญุฏุฉ.
05:53
But even as morality binds people together into a unit,
119
353977
3159
ูˆ ูƒู…ุง ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุงุช ุชุฑุจุท ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุณูˆูŠุงู‹ ููŠ ูˆุญุฏุฉ ูˆ ูุฑูŠู‚
05:57
into a team, the circling blinds them.
120
357136
3972
ูู‡ูŠ ุงูŠุถุงู‹ ุชุนู…ูŠู‡ู…
06:01
It causes them to distort reality.
121
361108
1808
ูˆ ุชุดูˆู‡ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู‡ู….
06:02
We begin separating everything into good versus evil.
122
362916
4037
ูˆ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุชุตู†ูŠู ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุดูƒู„ ุฎูŠุฑ ูˆ ุดุฑุŒ ุฌูŠุฏ ูˆ ุณูŠุฆ.
06:06
Now that process feels great. It feels really satisfying.
123
366953
3898
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุฑูŠุญุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ุชุจุนุซ ุจุงู„ุฑุถู‰
06:10
But it is a gross distortion of reality.
124
370851
4219
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุชุดูˆูŠู‡ ุตุฑูŠุญ ู„ู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ.
06:15
You can see the moral electromagnet operating in the U.S. Congress.
125
375070
3408
ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุฑู‰ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆู…ุบู†ุงุทูŠุณ ุงู„ุงุฎู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูŠุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ุงู„ุงู…ูŠุฑูƒูŠ
06:18
This is a graph that shows the degree to which voting
126
378478
2232
ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุณู… ุจูŠุงู†ูŠ ูŠูˆุถุญ ู„ุฃูŠ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ูŠู‚ุน
06:20
in Congress falls strictly along the left-right axis,
127
380710
2831
ุงู„ุชุตูˆูŠุช ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ุจุญุฏุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑูŠ
06:23
so that if you know how liberal or conservative someone is,
128
383541
2676
ูุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุนุฑู ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุชุญูุธ ุงูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠุจุฑุงู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุฃุญุฏ ู…ุง
06:26
you know exactly how they voted on all the major issues.
129
386217
3226
ูุฃู†ุช ุชุนุฑู ูƒูŠู ุตูˆุชูˆุง ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ูƒุจุฑู‰
06:29
And what you can see is that,
130
389443
2054
ูˆ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู† ุชุฑู‰ ุงู†ู‡
06:31
in the decades after the Civil War,
131
391497
2385
ููŠ ุงู„ุนู‚ูˆุฏ ู…ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุงู‡ู„ูŠุฉ
06:33
Congress was extraordinarily polarized,
132
393882
2489
ูƒุงู† ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ููŠ ุงู‚ุตู‰ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ
06:36
as you would expect, about as high as can be.
133
396371
2543
ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน.
06:38
But then, after World War I, things dropped,
134
398914
2976
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุงู†ุฎูุถุช ุงู„ุญุฏุฉ
06:41
and we get this historically low level of polarization.
135
401890
2905
ูˆ ุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู‚ู„ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ.
06:44
This was a golden age of bipartisanship,
136
404795
1692
ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุนุตุฑุงู‹ ุฐู‡ุจูŠุงู‹ ู„ู„ุชุนุงูˆู†ุŒ
06:46
at least in terms of the parties' ability to work together
137
406487
3275
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงู‚ู„ ููŠ ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุญุฒุงุจ ู„ู„ุนู…ู„ ุณูˆูŠุงู‹
06:49
and solve grand national problems.
138
409762
3008
ูˆ ุญู„ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุงุช ุงู„ู‚ูˆู…ูŠุฉ.
06:52
But in the 1980s and '90s, the electromagnet turns back on.
139
412770
4449
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุชุณุนูŠู†ุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠู†ุงุชุŒ
06:57
Polarization rises.
140
417219
2841
ุงู†ุฏู„ุน ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆู…ุบู†ุงุทูŠุณ ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุฎุฑู‰ ูˆ ุงุฒุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ.
07:00
It used to be that conservatives and moderates and liberals
141
420060
2966
ูƒุงู† ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ู…ุชุญูุธูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠุจุฑุงู„ูŠูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุณุทูŠูŠู†
07:03
could all work together in Congress.
142
423026
1832
ุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ูˆ ูŠุชุนุงู…ู„ูˆุง ุณูˆูŠุงู‹ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ
07:04
They could rearrange themselves, form bipartisan committees,
143
424858
2841
ูˆ ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ู„ุฌุงู† ุญุฒุจูŠุฉ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ
07:07
but as the moral electromagnet got cranked up,
144
427699
3273
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุน ุงุฒุฏูŠุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆู…ุบู†ุงุทูŠุณ ุงู„ุงุฎู„ุงู‚ูŠ
07:10
the force field increased,
145
430972
2270
ุงุชุณุน ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ
07:13
Democrats and Republicans were pulled apart.
146
433242
2764
ูุฃุจุชุนุฏ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠูˆู†
07:16
It became much harder for them to socialize,
147
436006
1987
ูˆ ุงุตุจุญ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู† ูŠุฌุชู…ุนูˆุง
07:17
much harder for them to cooperate.
148
437993
1478
ูˆ ุงุตุนุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู† ูŠุชุนุงูˆู†ูˆุง
07:19
Retiring members nowadays say that it's become like gang warfare.
149
439471
4841
ุงู„ุงุนุถุงุก ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุงุนุฏูˆู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุตุงุจุงุช
07:24
Did anybody notice that in two of the three debates,
150
444312
3512
ู‡ู„ ู„ุงุญุธุชู… ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุธุฑุงุช ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุงู„ุงุฎูŠุฑุฉ
07:27
Obama wore a blue tie and Romney wore a red tie?
151
447824
3516
ูƒุงู† ุงูˆุจุงู…ุง ูŠู„ุจุณ ุฑุจุทุฉ ุนู†ู‚ ุฒุฑู‚ุงุก ูˆ ุฑูˆู…ู†ูŠ ูŠู„ุจุณ ุฑุจุทุฉ ุนู†ู‚ ุญู…ุฑุงุกุŸ
07:31
Do you know why they do this?
152
451340
1986
ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑููˆู† ู„ู…ุง ูŠูุนู„ูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
07:33
It's so that the Bloods and the Crips will know which side to vote for. (Laughter)
153
453326
4142
ุญุชู‰ ูŠุนุฑู ุนุตุงุจุงุช (ุงู„ูƒุฑุจุฒ) ูˆ (ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุฒ) ู„ู…ู† ูŠุตูˆุชูˆู† - (ุถุญูƒ)
07:37
The polarization is strongest among our political elites.
154
457468
2766
ูุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ ุนุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ู„ุฏู‰ ู†ุฎุจุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠูŠู†
07:40
Nobody doubts that this is happening in Washington.
155
460234
2178
ู„ุง ุงุญุฏ ูŠุดูƒ ุจุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ ูˆุงุดู†ุทู†.
07:42
But for a while, there was some doubt as to whether it was happening among the people.
156
462412
3436
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูุชุฑุฉ ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดูƒ ููŠ ุงุฐุง ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ.
07:45
Well, in the last 12 years it's become
157
465848
1308
ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุชุงู‹ุŒ ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ูกูข ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ
07:47
much more apparent that it is.
158
467156
2087
ูˆ ุงุตุจุญ ุงูƒุซุฑ ูˆุถูˆุญุงู‹.
07:49
So look at this data. This is from the American National Elections Survey.
159
469243
3222
ุงู†ุธุฑูˆุง ุงู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุฑู‚ุงู… ู…ู† ู…ุณุญ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฎุงุจุงุช ุงู„ู‚ูˆู…ูŠ ุงู„ุงู…ูŠุฑูƒูŠ.
07:52
And what they do on that survey is they ask
160
472465
2640
ูˆ ู…ุง ูŠูุนู„ูˆู† ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุณุญ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡
07:55
what's called a feeling thermometer rating.
161
475105
2012
ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุญุณุงุณ
07:57
So, how warm or cold do you feel about, you know,
162
477117
4237
ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ุŒ ุจุฃูŠ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูุฆ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุฏุฉ ุชุดุนุฑ ุญูŠุงู„
08:01
Native Americans, or the military, the Republican Party,
163
481354
2775
ุงู„ุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงุตู„ูŠูŠู†ุŒ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุฌูŠุดุŒ ุงู„ุญุฒุจ ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠ
08:04
the Democratic Party, all sorts of groups in American life.
164
484129
2926
ุงู„ุญุฒุจ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุŒ ูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ููŠ ุงู…ุฑูŠูƒุง
08:07
The blue line shows how warmly Democrats feel
165
487055
2682
ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุงุฒุฑู‚ ูŠุจูŠู† ู…ุฏู‰ ุฏูุฆ ุดุนูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูŠู† ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูŠู†
08:09
about Democrats, and they like them.
166
489737
2463
ูˆ ูŠุญุจูˆู†ู‡ู….
08:12
You know, ratings in the 70s on a 100-point scale.
167
492200
2705
ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ุณุจุนูŠู†ุงุชุŒ ู…ู† ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ.
08:14
Republicans like Republicans. That's not a surprise.
168
494905
3015
ุงู„ุฏู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูˆู† ูŠุญุจูˆู† ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูˆู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูŠุณุช ุจู…ูุงุฌุฃุฉ.
08:17
But when you look at cross-party ratings,
169
497920
2074
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ู‰ ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ุงุญุฒุงุจ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
08:19
you find, well, that it's lower, but actually,
170
499994
2535
ุณุชุฌุฏ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุงู‚ู„ุŒ ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ
08:22
when I first saw this data, I was surprised.
171
502529
1984
ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฑุฃูŠุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุฑู‚ุงู… ู„ุงูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉุŒ ููˆุฌุฆุช.
08:24
That's actually not so bad. If you go back to the Carter and even Reagan administrations,
172
504513
3295
ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ุจุณูŠุฆ. ุงุฐุง ุนุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุฑุฆุงุณุฉ ูƒุงุฑุชุฑ ูˆ ุฑูŠุฌู†
08:27
they were rating the other party 43, 45. It's not terrible.
173
507808
4577
ูƒุงู†ูˆ ูŠุตูˆุชูˆู† ู„ู„ุฃุญุฒุงุจ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑู‰ ุจู€ูคูฃ ูˆ ูคูฅ ... ู„ูŠุณ ุจุณูŠุฆ.
08:32
It drifts downwards very slightly,
174
512385
2315
ูˆ ุชู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุณูู„ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹
08:34
but now look what happens under George W. Bush and Obama.
175
514700
3861
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ุŒ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู†ุธุฑ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุชุญุช ุงุฏุงุฑุฉ ุจูˆุด ูˆ ุงูˆุจุงู…ุง
08:38
It plummets. Something is going on here.
176
518561
2752
ุชุฑุชูุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ ุจุดูƒู„ ูุฌุงุฆูŠ.
08:41
The moral electromagnet is turning back on,
177
521313
2401
ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุงู† ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆู…ุบู†ุงุทูŠุณ ุงู„ุงุฎู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ุนู…ู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุฎุฑู‰ุŒ
08:43
and nowadays, just very recently,
178
523714
2160
ูˆ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงูŠุงู…ุŒ ู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ุฌุฏุงู‹
08:45
Democrats really dislike Republicans.
179
525874
2240
ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุจุบุถ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠูŠู†
08:48
Republicans really dislike the Democrats. We're changing.
180
528114
3516
ูˆ ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠูŠู† ูŠุจุบุถูˆู† ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูˆู†. ูˆ ู†ุญู† ู†ุชุบูŠุฑ.
08:51
It's as though the moral electromagnet is affecting us too.
181
531630
2850
ูˆ ูƒุขู†ู…ุง ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆู…ุบู†ุงุทูŠุณ ุงู„ุงุฎู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุญู† ูƒุฐู„ูƒ
08:54
It's like put out in the two oceans and it's pulling the whole country apart,
182
534480
3725
ูƒุฃู†ู…ุง ูˆุถุน ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุงู† ูˆ ุจุฏุฃ ูŠู‚ุณู… ู…ุนู‡ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ
08:58
pulling left and right into their own territories
183
538205
3956
ููŠ ุฌุฒุฆุงู†ุŒ ุงูŠุณุฑ ูˆ ุงูŠู…ู†
09:02
like the Bloods and the Crips.
184
542161
2809
ู…ุซู„ ุนุตุงุจุงุช (ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุฒ) ูˆ (ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุจุฒ)
09:04
Now, there are many reasons why this is happening to us,
185
544970
3014
ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงุณุจุงุจ ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ู„ุญุฏูˆุซ ู‡ุฐุง
09:07
and many of them we cannot reverse.
186
547984
2920
ูˆ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุชุบูŠูŠุฑู‡ุง.
09:10
We will never again have a political class
187
550904
2497
ุงุจุฏุงู‹ ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ ู…ุฒูˆุฑุฉ
09:13
that was forged by the experience of fighting together
188
553401
3559
ุจุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุชุงู„ ุณูˆูŠุงู‹ ุถุฏ ุนุฏูˆ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ
09:16
in World War II against a common enemy.
189
556960
2744
ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ.
09:19
We will never again have just three television networks,
190
559704
3534
ุงุจุฏุงู‹ ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูู‚ุท ูฃ ู…ุญุทุงุช ุชู„ูุฒูŠูˆู†ูŠุฉ
09:23
all of which are relatively centrist.
191
563238
3173
ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ุง ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠุฉ.
09:26
And we will never again have a large group of conservative southern Democrats
192
566411
4840
ูˆ ุงุจุฏุงู‹ ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจ
09:31
and liberal northern Republicans making it easy,
193
571251
3791
ูˆ ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠูŠู† ู„ูŠุจุฑุงู„ูŠูŠู† ุจุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูŠุณู‡ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ
09:35
making there be a lot of overlap for bipartisan cooperation.
194
575042
4318
ูˆ ูุชุญ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู„ ู„ู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ุงู„ุญุฒุจูŠ.
09:39
So for a lot of reasons, those decades after the Second World War
195
579360
2648
ูˆ ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุนุฏุฉุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนู‚ูˆุฏ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ
09:42
were an historically anomalous time.
196
582008
1803
ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุงูˆู‚ุงุช ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูŠุฉ ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ.
09:43
We will never get back to those low levels of polarization, I believe.
197
583811
3717
ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู†ุง ุงุจุฏุงู‹ ู„ู† ู†ุนูˆุฐ ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ุงู„ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ.
09:47
But there's a lot that we can do. There are dozens
198
587528
2598
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ูุนู„ู‡.
09:50
and dozens of reforms we can do that will make things better,
199
590126
3146
ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุตู„ุงุญุงุช ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู† ู†ูุนู„ู‡ุง ู„ุชุญุณูŠู† ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก
09:53
because a lot of our dysfunction can be traced directly
200
593272
2424
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงุณุจุงุจ ุฎู…ูˆู„ู†ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู† ุชุนุฑู ูˆ ุชุฏุฑุณ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ
09:55
to things that Congress did to itself in the 1990s
201
595696
3623
ูˆ ุชูˆุตู„ ุจุฃุดูŠุงุก ูุนู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ู„ู†ูุณู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุณุนูŠู†ุงุช
09:59
that created a much more polarized and dysfunctional institution.
202
599319
5095
ูˆ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฎู„ู‚ุช ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณุงุช ุงู„ุบูŠุฑ ูุนุงู„ุฉ.
10:04
These changes are detailed in many books.
203
604414
2192
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช ู…ูุตู„ุฉ ููŠ ูƒุชุจ ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ
10:06
These are two that I strongly recommend,
204
606606
2240
ูˆ ู‡ุฐุงู† ุงุซุชุงู† ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงุฑุดุญู‡ู… ุจู‚ูˆุฉ
10:08
and they list a whole bunch of reforms.
205
608846
2151
ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ุงู† ุจุฅุฏุฑุงุฌ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงุดูƒุงู„ ุงู„ุงุตู„ุงุญ.
10:10
I'm just going to group them into three broad classes here.
206
610997
2770
ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุณุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจุชู„ุฎูŠุตู‡ู… ููŠ ูฃ ูุฆุงุช ุนุฑูŠุถุฉ ู‡ู†ุง.
10:13
So if you think about this as the problem of a dysfunctional,
207
613767
3038
ุงุฐุง ุฑุฃูŠุชู…ูˆู‡ุง ูƒู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ุคุณุณุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ูุนุงู„ุฉ
10:16
hyper-polarized institution, well, the first step is,
208
616805
3344
ุจู‡ุง ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ุงุฐุงุŒ ูุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุงูˆู„ู‰ ู‡ูŠ:
10:20
do what you can so that fewer hyper-partisans get elected in the first place,
209
620149
5274
ุงูุนู„ ู…ุง ุจูˆุณุนูƒ ุญุชู‰ ูŠุชุฑุดุญ ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุชุดุฏุฏูŠู†
10:25
and when you have closed party primaries,
210
625423
1394
ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชู†ุชู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฎุงุจุงุช ุงู„ุงูˆู„ูŠุฉ
10:26
and only the most committed Republicans and Democrats are voting,
211
626817
3064
ูˆ ูŠุตูˆุชูˆุง ูู‚ุท ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠูŠู† ุงู„ู…ู„ุชุฒู…ูŠู†
10:29
you're nominating and selecting the most extreme hyper-partisans.
212
629881
3996
ุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู†ุช ุจุงุฎุชูŠุงุฑ ูˆ ุชุฑุดูŠุญ ุงู„ุญุฒุจูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุงูƒุซุฑ ุชุดุฏุฏุงู‹.
10:33
So open primaries would make that problem much, much less severe.
213
633877
3587
ุงุฐุง ูุงู„ุงู†ุชุฎุงุจุงุช ุงู„ุงูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ุชุฎูู ู…ู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ.
10:37
But the problem isn't primarily that we're electing bad people to Congress.
214
637464
4751
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠุณุช ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู†ู†ุง ู†ุฑุดุญ ุงู†ุงุณุงู‹ ุณูŠุฆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ.
10:42
From my experience, and from what I've heard from Congressional insiders,
215
642215
3400
ุญุณุจ ุฎุจุฑุชูŠ ูˆ ุจู…ุง ุณู…ุนุช ู…ู† ุงุดุฎุงุต ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ
10:45
most of the people going to Congress are good, hard-working,
216
645615
2980
ูุฃุบู„ุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ุจุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ู‡ู… ุงุดุฎุงุต ู…ุซุงู„ูŠูŠู† ูˆ ู…ุฌุชู‡ุฏูŠู†
10:48
intelligent people who really want to solve problems,
217
648595
2661
ุงุฐูƒูŠุงุก ุญู‚ุงู‹ ูŠุณุนูˆู† ู„ุญู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„
10:51
but once they get there, they find that they are forced
218
651256
2625
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู„ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ูˆุตูˆู„ู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ ูŠูุฑุบู…ูˆุง
10:53
to play a game that rewards hyper-partisanship
219
653881
2931
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู† ูŠู„ุนุจูˆุง ุงู„ู„ุนุจุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชูƒุงูุฆ ุงู„ุญุฒุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุดุฏุฏุฉ
10:56
and that punishes independent thinking.
220
656812
1649
ูˆ ุชุนุงู‚ุจ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ู„.
10:58
You step out of line, you get punished.
221
658461
2578
ุงุฐุง ุฎุฑุฌุช ุนู† ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ุนุฑูŠุถุฉุŒ ุชุนุงู‚ุจ.
11:01
So there are a lot of reforms we could do
222
661039
1767
ูู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุตู„ุงุญุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ูุนู„ู‡ุง
11:02
that will counteract this.
223
662806
1172
ู„ุชุบูŠุฑ ู…ุฌุฑู‰ ุงู„ุงุญุฏุงุซ.
11:03
For example, this "Citizens United" ruling is a disaster,
224
663978
3220
ู…ุซุงู„ุงู‹ุŒ ุญูƒู… "ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏูˆู†" ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ูƒุงุฑุซุฉ
11:07
because it means there's like a money gun aimed at your head,
225
667198
2199
ู„ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุณุฏุณ ู…ุงู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌู‡ ู†ุญูˆูƒ
11:09
and if you step out of line, if you try to reach across the aisle,
226
669397
2765
ูˆ ุงุฐุง ุฎุฑุฌุช ุนู† ุงู„ุฎุท
11:12
there's a ton of money waiting to be given to your opponent
227
672162
2516
ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ุฎุตู…ูƒ
11:14
to make everybody think that you are a terrible person through negative advertising.
228
674678
5665
ู„ูŠุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠู‚ู ุถุฏูƒ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุงุนู„ุงู… ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠ.
11:20
But the third class of reforms is that we've got to change
229
680343
2303
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุฆุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุตู„ุงุญุงุช ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ู†ุง ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุบูŠุฑ
11:22
the nature of social relationships in Congress.
230
682646
2827
ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ.
11:25
The politicians I've met are generally very extroverted,
231
685473
4311
ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูˆู† ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู‚ุงุจู„ุชู‡ู… ุนุงู…ุฉูŽ ุงู†ุงุณ ู…ู†ูุชุญูŠู†
11:29
friendly, very socially skillful people,
232
689784
3071
ุตุฏูˆู‚ูŠู†ุŒ ูˆ ู…ูˆู‡ูˆุจูŠู† ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุงู‹
11:32
and that's the nature of politics. You've got to make relationships,
233
692855
3354
ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุฉ. ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุงู† ุชุจู†ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช
11:36
make deals, you've got to cajole, please, flatter,
234
696209
3279
ูˆ ุงุชูุงู‚ูŠุงุช ูˆ ุตูู‚ุงุชุŒ ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู…ู„ุฉุŒ ูˆ ุชู…ุฏุญ
11:39
you've got to use your personal skills,
235
699488
2385
ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠุฉ
11:41
and that's the way politics has always worked.
236
701873
2391
ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุฉ ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ.
11:44
But beginning in the 1990s, first the House of Representatives
237
704264
3080
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุณุนูŠู†ุงุช
11:47
changed its legislative calendar
238
707344
2385
ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุฌู„ุณ ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุจ ุงู„ุชู‚ูˆูŠู… ุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุนูŠ
11:49
so that all business is basically done in the middle of the week.
239
709729
3656
ุจุญูŠุซ ุงู† ุชู†ุฌุฒ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุงุนู…ุงู„ ููŠ ู…ู†ุชุตู ุงู„ุงุณุจูˆุน
11:53
Nowadays, Congressmen fly in on Tuesday morning,
240
713385
2229
ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ูŠุตู„ูˆู† ุงุนุถุงุก ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ุตุจุงุญ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุงุก
11:55
they do battle for two days, then they fly home Thursday afternoon.
241
715614
2849
ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ูŠูˆู…ุงู†ุŒ ูˆ ูŠุนูˆุฏูˆู† ุงู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุงุฒู„ู‡ู… ุธู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฎู…ูŠุณ.
11:58
They don't move their families to the District.
242
718463
1905
ูู‡ู… ู„ุง ูŠุฑุญู„ูˆู† ุนูˆุงุฆู„ู‡ู… ู…ุนู‡ู… ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ
12:00
They don't meet each other's spouses or children.
243
720368
2318
ูˆ ู„ุง ูŠู‚ุงุจู„ูˆู† ุฒูˆุฌุงุช ูˆ ุงุจู†ุงุก ุจุนุถู‡ู… ุงู„ุจุนุถ
12:02
There's no more relationship there.
244
722686
2514
ูˆ ุชู…ูˆุช ุงู„ุฑูˆุงุจุท ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู….
12:05
And trying to run Congress without human relationships
245
725200
3796
ูˆ ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ุงู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ
12:08
is like trying to run a car without motor oil.
246
728996
2827
ู…ุซู„ ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุฒูŠุช ู…ุงูƒูŠู†ุฉ.
12:11
Should we be surprised when the whole thing freezes up
247
731823
2837
ุงุฐุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูุงุฌุฃ ุงุฐุง ุชุฌู…ุฏุช ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ
12:14
and descends into paralysis and polarization?
248
734660
3833
ูˆ ุงุตุจุญุช ู…ุดู„ูˆู„ุฉ ูˆ ู…ุณุชู‚ุทุจุฉุŸ
12:18
A simple change to the legislative calendar,
249
738493
1751
ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุจุณูŠุท ููŠ ุชู‚ูˆูŠู… ุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุน
12:20
such as having business stretch out for three weeks
250
740244
2327
ุจุญูŠุซ ุงู† ูŠู…ุชุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ูฃ ุงุณุงุจูŠุน
12:22
and then they get a week off to go home,
251
742571
1563
ูˆ ู…ู† ุซู… ุงุฌุงุฒุฉ ุงุณุจูˆุน ูŠุฐู‡ุจูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุฏูŠุงุฑู‡ู…ุŒ
12:24
that would change the fundamental relationships in Congress.
252
744134
3325
ุณูŠุบูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ
12:27
So there's a lot we can do, but who's going to push them to do it?
253
747459
3136
ููŠุจุฏูˆ ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ูุนู„ู‡ ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ุณูŠุฏูุนู‡ู… ู„ูุนู„ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ
12:30
There are a number of groups that are working on this.
254
750595
2384
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนู…ู„ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุตุฏุฏ
12:32
No Labels and Common Cause, I think,
255
752979
2152
"ู†ูˆ ู„ูŠุจู„ุฒ" : ุจุบูŠุฑ ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ "ูƒูˆู…ูˆู† ูƒูˆุฒ": ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ
12:35
have very good ideas for changes we need to do
256
755131
2139
ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุงููƒุงุฑ ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุญุชุงุฌู‡ุง
12:37
to make our democracy more responsive and our Congress more effective.
257
757270
3165
ู„ู†ุฌุนู„ ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุชู†ุง ู…ุฌูŠูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ุงูƒุซุฑ ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ.
12:40
But I'd like to supplement their work
258
760435
1823
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ุงูˆุฏ ุงู† ุงู„ุญู‚ ุนู…ู„ู‡ู…
12:42
with a little psychological trick, and the trick is this.
259
762258
4064
ุจู„ูุชุฉ ุณุงูŠูƒูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุŒ ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูุชุฉ ุงู†ู‡
12:46
Nothing pulls people together like a common threat
260
766322
3050
ู„ุง ุดูŠุก ูŠูˆุญุฏ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฏุฏ ู„ู„ุฌู…ูŠุน
12:49
or a common attack, especially an attack from a foreign enemy,
261
769372
3793
ูˆ ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู… ู…ู† ุนุฏูˆ ุบุฑูŠุจ
12:53
unless of course that threat hits on our polarized psychology,
262
773165
5322
ุจุงู„ุทุจุน ู…ุงู„ู…ุŒ ูŠุนุฑู ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ ุงูˆ (ุงู„ุนุฏูˆ) ุณุฑ ุถุนูู†ุง ูˆ ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจู†ุง.
12:58
in which case, as I said before, it can actually pull us apart.
263
778487
2954
ููŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ ุงู† ูŠู‚ุณู…ู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงุฌุฒุงุก
13:01
Sometimes a single threat can polarize us, as we saw.
264
781441
2923
ูˆ ุงุญูŠุงู†ุงู‹ ุฎุทุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุงุณุชู‚ุทุงุจู†ุง ูƒู…ุง ุฑุฃูŠู†ุง
13:04
But what if the situation we face is not a single threat
265
784364
3110
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ูˆุงุฌู‡ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ูˆุงุญุฏุงู‹ ูู‚ุท
13:07
but is actually more like this,
266
787474
1837
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ูƒุงู† ู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ
13:09
where there's just so much stuff coming in,
267
789311
1430
ุญูŠุซ ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุงู„ุฏุฎูŠู„ุฉ
13:10
it's just, "Start shooting, come on, everybody,
268
790741
2081
"ุงุจุฏุฃูˆุง ุจุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ"
13:12
we've got to just work together, just start shooting."
269
792822
2250
"ู„ู†ุนู…ู„ ุณูˆูŠุงู‹ุŒ ูู‚ุท ู‡ุฌูˆู… ู‡ุฌูˆู…"
13:15
Because actually, we do face this situation.
270
795072
2625
ู„ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ู†ุญู† ู†ูˆุงุฌู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
13:17
This is where we are as a country.
271
797697
2536
ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ู†ุญู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูƒุดุนุจ.
13:20
So here's another asteroid.
272
800233
2194
ูˆ ู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจ ุขุฎุฑุŒ
13:22
We've all seen versions of this graph, right,
273
802427
1676
ุฌู…ูŠุนู†ุง ุฑุฃูŠู†ุง ุตูŠุบ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูŠุŒ ุตุญูŠุญ
13:24
which shows the changes in wealth since 1979,
274
804103
3834
ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ูŠูˆุถุญ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุซุฑูˆุงุช ู…ู† ูกูฉูงูฉ
13:27
and as you can see, almost all the gains in wealth
275
807937
2599
ูˆ ูƒู…ุง ุชุฑูˆู†ุŒ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุซุฑูˆุฉ
13:30
have gone to the top 20 percent, and especially the top one percent.
276
810536
4894
ุฐู‡ุจุช ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ ูขู  ุจุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ูŠุง ูˆ ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ
13:35
Rising inequality like this is associated
277
815430
2128
ุตุนูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ุง ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุฑุชุจุท
13:37
with so many problems for a democracy.
278
817558
2673
ู…ุน ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู„ู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ
13:40
Especially, it destroys our ability to trust each other,
279
820231
2968
ูˆ ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ุงู†ู‡ุง ุชุฏู…ุฑ ุซู‚ุชู†ุง ุจุจุนุถ ูˆ ุงู†ู†ุง ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุณููŠู†ุฉุŒ
13:43
to feel that we're all in the same boat, because it's obvious we're not.
280
823199
3453
ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
13:46
Some of us are sitting there safe and sound in gigantic private yachts.
281
826652
2958
ุจุนุถู†ุง ูŠุฌู„ุณ ุนู„ู‰ ูŠุงุฎุช ุฎุงุต ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆ ุขู…ู†
13:49
Other people are clinging to a piece of driftwood.
282
829610
1590
ูˆ ุงู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ ูŠุชู…ุณูƒ ุจู„ูˆุญ ุฎุดุจ.
13:51
We're not all in the same boat, and that means
283
831200
2052
ู†ุญู† ู„ุณู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุชู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุณููŠู†ุฉุŒ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
13:53
nobody's willing to sacrifice for the common good.
284
833252
4909
ุงู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู† ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ุชุถุญูŠุฉ ู„ู„ูุงุฆุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ.
13:58
The left has been screaming about this asteroid for 30 years now,
285
838161
2876
ุตุฑุฎ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑูŠูˆู† ุจุฎุตูˆุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจ ู„ู€ูฃู  ุนุงู…ุงู‹ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุงู†
14:01
and the right says, "Huh, what? Hmm? No problem. No problem."
286
841037
4942
ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ูŠูŠู† "ู‡ุงู‡ุŸ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ู‡ู…ู…ุŸ ู„ุง ู…ู† ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ"
14:05
Now,
287
845979
2579
ูˆ ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ
14:08
why is that happening to us? Why is the inequality rising?
288
848558
2349
ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุงุŒ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชุชุตุงุนุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ุง ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉุŸ
14:10
Well, one of the largest causes, after globalization,
289
850907
3618
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ุงุญุฏ ุงูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุจุจุงุชุŒ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุนูˆู„ู…ุฉุŒ
14:14
is actually this fourth asteroid,
290
854525
2846
ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุŒ
14:17
rising non-marital births.
291
857371
1975
ุตุนูˆุฏ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงู„ูŠุฏ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ.
14:19
This graph shows the steady rise of out-of-wedlock births
292
859346
2936
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจูŠุงู† ูŠูˆุถุญ ุงู„ุตุนูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ ู„ู…ูˆุงู„ูŠุฏ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ
14:22
since the 1960s.
293
862282
1978
ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู„ุณุชูŠู†ุงุช.
14:24
Most Hispanic and black children are now born to unmarried mothers.
294
864260
3279
ู…ุนุธู… ุงุทูุงู„ ุงู„ู‡ุณุจุงู†ูˆ ูˆ ุงู„ุงูุงุฑู‚ุฉ ูŠูˆู„ุฏูˆู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ุฃู…ู‡ุงุช ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุชุฒูˆุฌุงุช
14:27
Whites are headed that way too.
295
867539
2408
ูˆ ุงู„ุจูŠุถ ู„ุงุญู‚ูˆู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
14:29
Within a decade or two, most American children
296
869947
2345
ููŠ ุบุถูˆู† ุนู‚ุฏ ุงูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ุงุทูุงู„ ุงู„ุงู…ูŠุฑูƒูŠูŠู†
14:32
will be born into homes with no father.
297
872292
2869
ุณูŠูˆู„ุฏูˆู† ููŠ ุจูŠูˆุช ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุฃุจ
14:35
This means that there's much less money coming into the house.
298
875161
2354
ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฏุฎู„ ุงู‚ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„.
14:37
But it's not just money. It's also stability versus chaos.
299
877515
3958
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ู‚ูุท ุงู„ู…ุงู„ุŒ ุจู„ ุงูŠุถุงู‹ ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุฑุงุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ููˆุถู‰.
14:41
As I know from working with street children in Brazil,
300
881473
2235
ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุจ ุฎุจุฑุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ุงุทูุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุชุดุฑุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„
14:43
Mom's boyfriend is often a really, really dangerous person for kids.
301
883708
5062
ุตุฏูŠู‚ ุงู„ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ุงุบู„ุจ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุทูุงู„.
14:48
Now the right has been screaming about this asteroid since the 1960s,
302
888770
4017
ูˆ ุตุฑุฎ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ูŠูŠู† ุจุฎุตูˆุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจ ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู„ุณุชูŠู†ุงุช
14:52
and the left has been saying, "It's not a problem. It's not a problem."
303
892787
3879
ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑูŠูŠู† "ู„ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู„ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ"
14:56
The left has been very reluctant to say
304
896666
1706
ูŠุชุฑุฏุฏ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑูŠูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„
14:58
that marriage is actually good for women and for children.
305
898372
3605
ุงู† ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ ุตุญูŠ ูˆ ู…ููŠุฏ ู„ู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ูˆ ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก
15:01
Now let me be clear. I'm not blaming the women here.
306
901977
1961
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ุฏุนู†ูŠ ุงูˆุถุญุŒ ุงู†ุง ู„ุง ุงู„ูˆู… ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง
15:03
I'm actually more critical of the men
307
903938
1494
ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุงู†ุง ุงูƒุซุฑ ู†ู‚ุฏุงู‹ ู„ู„ุฑุฌุงู„
15:05
who won't take responsibility for their own children
308
905432
1993
ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู„ุง ูŠุชุญู…ู„ูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุงุจู†ุงุฆู‡ู…
15:07
and of an economic system that makes it difficult
309
907425
2831
ูˆ ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุนู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงูƒุซุฑ ุตุนูˆุจุฉ
15:10
for many men to earn enough money to support those children.
310
910256
3233
ู„ู„ูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุฌุงู„ ู„ุฌู†ูŠ ู…ุง ูŠูƒููŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุงุทูุงู„.
15:13
But even if you blame nobody, it still is a national problem,
311
913489
4368
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ู„ู… ู†ู„ู… ุงุญุฏุŒ ุชุธู„ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆุทู†ูŠุฉ
15:17
and one side has been more concerned about it than the other.
312
917857
3735
ูˆ ุงุญุฏ ุงู„ุงุทุฑุงู ู…ู‡ุชู… ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑู‡
15:21
The New York Times finally noticed this asteroid
313
921592
2233
ูˆ ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆ ูŠูˆุฑูƒ ุชุงูŠู…ุฒ ุงุฎูŠุฑุงู‹ ุฑุตุฏุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจ
15:23
with a front-page story last July
314
923825
2280
ู…ุน ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ ุงูˆู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠ ูŠูˆู„ูŠูˆ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ
15:26
showing how the decline of marriage contributes to inequality.
315
926105
4214
ูŠุฑูŠู†ุง ูƒูŠู ูŠุณุงุนุฏ ุงู†ุญุทุงุท ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ุง ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ.
15:30
We are becoming a nation of just two classes.
316
930319
3594
ุงุตุจุญู†ุง ุดุนุจุงู‹ ุจุทุจู‚ุชูŠู† ูู‚ุท.
15:33
When Americans go to college and marry each other,
317
933913
2742
ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุฐู‡ุจ ุงู„ุงู…ูŠุฑูƒูŠูŠู† ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูˆ ูŠุชุฒูˆุฌูˆู† ู…ู† ุจุนุถู‡ู… ุงู„ุจุนุถ
15:36
they have very low divorce rates.
318
936655
2700
ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ู…ุนุฏู„ ู…ู†ุฎูุถ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุทู„ุงู‚
15:39
They earn a lot of money, they invest that money in their kids,
319
939355
3045
ูŠุฌู†ูˆู† ู…ุงู„ุงู‹ ูƒุซูŠุฑุงู‹ ูˆ ูŠุณุชุซู…ุฑูˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ููŠ ุงุทูุงู„ู‡ู…
15:42
some of them become tiger mothers,
320
942400
1543
ูˆ ุจุนุถู‡ู† ูŠุตุจุญู† ุงู…ู‡ุงุช ู‚ูˆูŠุงุช
15:43
the kids rise to their full potential,
321
943943
1676
ุงู„ุฃุจู†ุงุก ูŠุตู„ูˆู† ู„ุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุงุชู‡ู… ุงู„ู‚ุตูˆู‰
15:45
and the kids go on to become
322
945619
2423
ูˆ ูŠู…ุถูŠ ุงู„ุงุจู†ุงุก ู„ูŠุตุจุญูˆุง
15:48
the top two lines in this graph.
323
948042
4291
ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ุนู„ูŠุง ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูŠ.
15:52
And then there's everybody else:
324
952333
2630
ูˆ ู…ู† ุซู… ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠู†:
15:54
the children who don't benefit from a stable marriage,
325
954963
3244
ุงู„ุงุทูุงู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู„ุง ูŠู†ุชูุนูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุฑ
15:58
who don't have as much invested in them,
326
958207
1703
ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู„ู… ูŠูุณุชุซู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ู… ูƒุซูŠุฑุงู‹ุŒ
15:59
who don't grow up in a stable environment,
327
959910
1784
ูˆ ู„ุง ูŠู†ู…ูˆู† ููŠ ุจูŠุฆุฉ ู…ุณุชู‚ุฑุฉ
16:01
and who go on to become the bottom three lines in that graph.
328
961694
4958
ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠู…ุถูˆู† ู„ูŠุตุจุญูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูŠ
16:06
So once again, we see that these two graphs are actually saying the same thing.
329
966652
3565
ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุฎุฑู‰ ู†ุฑู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุงู† ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ุงู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
16:10
As before, we've got a problem, we've got to start working on this,
330
970217
3014
ูˆ ูƒู…ุง ูุนู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุŒ ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุญู„ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
16:13
we've got to do something,
331
973231
2032
ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู† ู†ูุนู„ ุดูŠุก
16:15
and what's wrong with you people that you don't see my threat?
332
975263
2640
ูˆ ู…ุงุฐุง ุจูƒู… ูŠุง ู†ุงุณ ู„ุง ุชุฑูˆู† ุงู„ุฎุทุฑุŸ
16:17
But if everybody could just take off their partisan blinders,
333
977903
3802
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงุณุชุทุงุน ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู† ูŠุฎู„ุนูˆุง ุญูˆุงุฌุฒู‡ู… ุงู„ุญุฒุจูŠุฉุŒ
16:21
we'd see that these two problems actually
334
981705
2603
ุณู†ุฑู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุงุชุงู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุชุงู†ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ
16:24
are best addressed together.
335
984308
2747
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ูŠู‡ู… ุณูˆูŠุงู‹.
16:27
Because if you really care about income inequality,
336
987055
1743
ู„ุฃู†ูƒ ุงุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชู‡ุชู… ุจุฎุตูˆุต ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุงู„ุฏุฎู„
16:28
you might want to talk to some evangelical Christian groups
337
988798
2307
ูู‚ุฏ ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ุชูƒู„ู… ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฌู…ุงุนุงุช ุงู„ุงู†ุฌูŠู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠุฉ
16:31
that are working on ways to promote marriage.
338
991105
3131
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ
16:34
But then you're going to run smack into the problem
339
994236
2206
ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ูƒ ุณุชูˆุงุฌู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑู‰
16:36
that women don't generally want to marry someone
340
996442
2528
ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุงู† ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ู„ุง ูŠุฑูŠุฏูˆู† ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ ู…ู† ุงุญุฏ
16:38
who doesn't have a job.
341
998970
2352
ู„ุง ูŠู…ู„ูƒ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ.
16:41
So if you really care about strengthening families,
342
1001322
1813
ูุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชู‡ุชู… ุจุชู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃูุณุฑุฉ
16:43
you might want to talk to some liberal groups
343
1003135
1661
ุชุญุฏุซ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฌู…ุงุนุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠุจุฑุงู„ูŠุฉ
16:44
who are working on promoting educational equality,
344
1004796
3406
ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุฏุนูˆู† ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู…
16:48
who are working on raising the minimum wage,
345
1008202
1760
ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ุญุฏูˆุฏ
16:49
who are working on finding ways to stop so many men
346
1009962
2840
ูˆ ู‡ู… ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ู„ุงูŠุฌุงุฏ ุทุฑู‚ ู„ุงูŠู‚ุงู ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุฌุงู„
16:52
from being sucked into the criminal justice system and
347
1012802
2039
ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆุน ููŠ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุนุฏุงู„ุฉ
16:54
taken out of the marriage market for their whole lives.
348
1014841
3354
ูˆ ุงู„ุงุจุชุนุงุฏ ู…ู† ุณูˆู‚ ุงู„ุฒูˆุงุฌ ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ.
16:58
So to conclude, there are at least four asteroids headed our way.
349
1018195
5848
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู„ุฎุตุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูค ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุช ู…ุชุฌู‡ุฉ ู†ุญูˆู†ุง.
17:04
How many of you can see all four?
350
1024043
2792
ู…ู† ู…ู†ูƒู… ูŠุฑุงู‡ู… ูƒู„ู‡ู…ุŸ
17:06
Please raise your hand right now if you're willing to admit
351
1026835
2615
ุงุฑูุนูˆุง ุงูŠุฏูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุขู† ุงุฐุง ูƒู†ุชู… ุชู†ูˆูˆู† ุงู„ุงุนุชุฑุงู
17:09
that all four of these are national problems.
352
1029450
2993
ุจุฃู† ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู‡ู… ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู‚ูˆู…ูŠุฉ.
17:12
Please raise your hands.
353
1032443
1857
ุงุฑูุนูˆ ุงูŠุฏูŠูƒู… ุฑุฌุงุกู‹.
17:14
Okay, almost all of you.
354
1034300
1647
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ุบุงู„ุจูŠุชูƒู….
17:15
Well, congratulations, you guys are the inaugural members
355
1035947
2842
ุงุฐุงู‹ุŒ ู…ุจุฑูˆูƒุŒ ุงู†ุชู… ุงู„ุงุนุถุงุก ุงู„ุงูุชุชุงุญูŠูŠู†
17:18
of the Asteroids Club, which is a club
356
1038789
3263
ู„ู†ุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุชุŒ ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ู†ุงุฏูŠ
17:22
for all Americans who are willing to admit
357
1042052
3241
ู„ูƒู„ ุงู„ุงู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุนุชุฑููˆู†
17:25
that the other side actually might have a point.
358
1045293
2903
ุงู† ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุตูˆุงุจ
17:28
In the Asteroids Club, we don't start by looking for common ground.
359
1048196
3031
ููŠ ู†ุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุช ู„ุง ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ุจุญุซ ุนู† ุงุฑุถูŠุฉ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ
17:31
Common ground is often very hard to find.
360
1051227
1894
ุงู„ุงุฑุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุงู† ู†ุฌุฏู‡ุง
17:33
No, we start by looking for common threats
361
1053121
2184
ู„ุงุŒ ุณู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ุจุญุซ ุนู† ุฎุทุฑ ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ
17:35
because common threats make common ground.
362
1055305
3669
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ ูŠุตู†ุน ุงู„ุงุฑุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ.
17:38
Now, am I being naive? Is it naive to think
363
1058974
3824
ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ู‡ู„ ุงู†ุง ุณุงุฐุฌุงู‹ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดูŠุกุŸ ุงู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุงุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุนุชู‚ุงุฏ
17:42
that people could ever lay down their swords,
364
1062798
1371
ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู† ูŠุถุนูˆุง ุณูŠูˆูู‡ู…
17:44
and left and right could actually work together?
365
1064169
3606
ูˆ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุณูˆูŠุงู‹ุŸ
17:47
I don't think so, because it happens,
366
1067775
2487
ู„ุง ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ
17:50
not all that often, but there are a variety of examples that point the way.
367
1070262
3864
ู„ูŠุณ ูƒุซูŠุฑุงู‹ุŒ ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู…ุซู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุดูŠุฑ
17:54
This is something we can do.
368
1074126
1439
ุงู„ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ ุดูŠุก ูŠู…ูƒู† ูุนู„ู‡.
17:55
Because Americans on both sides care about the decline in civility,
369
1075565
4035
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุงู…ูŠุฑูƒูŠูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู†ุŒ ูŠู‡ู…ู‡ู… ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ุชู…ุฏู†
17:59
and they've formed dozens of organizations,
370
1079600
1751
ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช
18:01
at the national level, such as this one,
371
1081351
2173
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู…ูŠุŒ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
18:03
down to many local organizations,
372
1083524
1648
ูˆ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠุฉ
18:05
such as To The Village Square in Tallahassee, Florida,
373
1085172
2358
ู…ุซุงู„ "ุชูˆ ุฐุง ูู„ุฌ ุณูƒูˆูŠุฑ" ููŠ ุชู„ุงู‡ุงุณูŠุŒ ูู„ูˆุฑูŠุฏุง
18:07
which tries to bring state leaders together to help facilitate
374
1087530
2475
ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุชุญุงูˆู„ ุงู† ุชุฃุชูŠ ุจู‚ุฏูˆุฉ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุฉ ู„ูŠุณุงุนุฏูˆ
18:10
that sort of working together human relationship
375
1090005
3446
ููŠ ุชุณู‡ูŠู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุงู†ุณุงู†ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุฌู…ุงุนูŠ
18:13
that's necessary to solve Florida's problems.
376
1093451
3040
ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุงู…ู„ ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ุญู„ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ูู„ูˆุฑูŠุฏุง
18:16
Americans on both sides care about global poverty and AIDS,
377
1096491
4395
ุงู…ูŠุฑูƒุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู† ุชู‡ุชู… ุจุงู„ูู‚ุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ุงูŠุฏุฒ
18:20
and on so many humanitarian issues,
378
1100886
2896
ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ุงู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ
18:23
liberals and evangelicals are actually natural allies,
379
1103782
3024
ุงู„ู„ุจุฑุงู„ูŠูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุฌูŠู„ูŠูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ู… ุญู„ูŠูุงู† ุจุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ
18:26
and at times they really have worked together
380
1106806
1883
ูˆ ููŠ ุงุญูŠุงู† ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุณูˆูŠุงู‹
18:28
to solve these problems.
381
1108689
1917
ู„ูŠุญู„ูˆุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„
18:30
And most surprisingly to me, they sometimes can even see
382
1110606
2723
ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุงุฌุฆ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠุŒ ุงู†ู‡ู… ุงุญูŠุงู†ุงู‹ ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ ู…ู†
18:33
eye to eye on criminal justice.
383
1113329
1996
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ุจุฎุตูˆุต ุงู„ุนุฏุงู„ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ.
18:35
For example, the incarceration rate, the prison population
384
1115325
3953
ู…ุซุงู„ุงู‹ุŒ ู…ุนุฏู„ ุงู„ุญุจุณุŒ ูุนุฏุฏ ุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ุณุฌูˆู†
18:39
in this country has quadrupled since 1980.
385
1119278
3953
ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ ุชุฑุจุน ู…ู†ุฐ ูกูฉูจู 
18:43
Now this is a social disaster,
386
1123231
2584
ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒุงุฑุซุฉ ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ.
18:45
and liberals are very concerned about this.
387
1125815
2052
ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠุจุฑุงู„ูŠูŠู† ูƒุซูŠุฑูŠ ุงู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ.
18:47
The Southern Poverty Law Center is often fighting
388
1127867
2787
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠ ู„ู„ูู‚ุฑ ุจุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ู…ุง ูŠุญุงุฑุจ
18:50
the prison-industrial complex, fighting to prevent a system
389
1130654
2872
ู…ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุณุฌู† ุงู„ุตู†ุงุนูŠุŒ ู„ู…ู†ุน ู†ุธุงู… ูŠู…ุชุต ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุจุงุจ
18:53
that's just sucking in more and more poor young men.
390
1133526
2778
ู…ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุณุฌู† ุงู„ุตู†ุงุนูŠุŒ ู„ู…ู†ุน ู†ุธุงู… ูŠู…ุชุต ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุจุงุจ
18:56
But are conservatives happy about this?
391
1136304
2333
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู…ุชุญูุธูˆู† ุณุนูŠุฏูŠู† ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุŸ
18:58
Well, Grover Norquist isn't, because this system
392
1138637
3082
ุฌุฑูˆูุฑ ู†ูˆุฑูƒุณุช ุบูŠุฑ ุฑุงุถ ุนู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ุธุงู…
19:01
costs an unbelievable amount of money.
393
1141719
3072
ูŠูƒู„ู ู…ุจุงู„ุบ ุฎูŠุงู„ูŠุฉ.
19:04
And so, because the prison-industrial complex
394
1144791
2579
ูˆ ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู…ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุณุฌู† ุงู„ุตู†ุงุนูŠ ูŠูู„ุณ
19:07
is bankrupting our states and corroding our souls,
395
1147370
4237
ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุชู†ุง ูˆ ูŠู‚ู…ุน ุงุฑูˆุงุญู†ุง
19:11
groups of fiscal conservatives and Christian conservatives
396
1151607
3732
ุฌู…ุงุนุงุช ุงู„ุชุญูุธ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุชุญูุธูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู†
19:15
have come together to form a group called Right on Crime.
397
1155339
3832
ุงุชูˆ ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ู… ู„ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุชุณู…ู‰ (ุญู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ)
19:19
And at times they have worked with the Southern Poverty Law Center
398
1159171
2656
ูˆ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุงุญูŠุงู† ุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠ ู„ู„ูู‚ุฑ ุจุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจ
19:21
to oppose the building of new prisons
399
1161827
1978
ู„ู…ุนุงุฑุถุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุณุฌูˆู† ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
19:23
and to work for reforms that will make the justice system
400
1163805
3341
ูˆ ู„ุนู…ู„ ุงุตู„ุงุญุงุช ู…ู† ุดุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู† ุชุฌุนู„ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุนุฏุงู„ุฉ
19:27
more efficient and more humane.
401
1167146
3121
ุงูƒุซุฑ ูƒูุงุฆุฉ ูˆ ุงู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ.
19:30
So this is possible. We can do it.
402
1170267
3295
ุงุฐุงู‹ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ุŒ ูˆ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ูุนู„ู‡.
19:33
Let us therefore go to battle stations,
403
1173562
3081
ู„ู†ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุญุทุงุช ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูƒุฉ
19:36
not to fight each other,
404
1176643
1259
ู„ูŠุณ ู„ู†ุญุงุฑุจ ุจุนุถู†ุง ุงู„ุจุนุถ
19:37
but to begin deflecting these incoming asteroids.
405
1177902
3326
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู„ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุฑุฏุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ
19:41
And let our first mission be to press Congress
406
1181228
3071
ูˆ ู†ุฌุนู„ ุงูˆู„ ู…ู‡ุงู…ู†ุง ุงู† ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„
19:44
to reform itself, before it's too late for our nation.
407
1184299
3943
ู‚ุจู„ ููˆุงุช ุงู„ุงูˆุงู† ู„ุดุนุจู†ุง
19:48
Thank you. (Applause)
408
1188242
4000
ูˆ ุดูƒุฑุงู‹. (ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7