The myth of Hercules: 12 labors in 8-bits - Alex Gendler

7,300,389 views ・ 2018-09-25

TED-Ed


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譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Helen Chang
00:11
Hercules, son of Zeus and champion of humankind,
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海克力斯,宙斯之子, 人類中的冠軍,
00:15
gazed in horror as he realized
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眼中盡是恐懼,因為他發現,
00:17
he had just committed the most unspeakable crime imaginable.
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他剛犯下了難以想像的可怕罪行。
00:22
The goddess Hera, who hated Hercules for being born of her husband’s adultery,
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女神海拉很痛恨海克力士,
因為海克力士是 她的丈夫的私生子,
00:28
had stricken him with a temporary curse of madness.
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海拉對他施加了短暫的發狂詛咒。
00:32
And his own family were the casualties.
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他自己的家人成了受害者。
00:35
Consumed by grief, Hercules sought out the Oracle of Delphi,
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因悲慟而憔悴,
海克力士去找了 德爾菲神廟的神諭者,
00:39
who told him the path to atonement lay with his cousin,
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神諭者告訴他, 贖罪之路在於他的表親,
00:43
King Eurystheus of Tiryns, a favorite of Hera’s.
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提端斯的尤里司修斯王, 他是海拉的最愛。
00:48
Eurystheus hoped to humiliate Hercules with ten impossible tasks
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尤里司修斯想要用十項 不可能的任務來羞辱海克力士,
00:53
that pitted him against invincible monsters
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讓他去對抗無敵的怪物
00:56
and unfathomable forces.
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和深不可測的力量。
00:59
Instead, the king set the stage for an epic series of adventures
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結果反而是為後來 為人所知的一系列史詩冒險
01:04
that would come to be known as the Labors of Hercules.
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「海克力士英雄偉績」 設下了舞台。
01:08
The first labor was to slay the Nemean Lion,
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第一項偉績是殺死涅墨亞獅子,
01:12
who kidnapped women and devoured warriors.
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牠綁架女性,吞食戰士。
01:16
Its golden fur was impervious to arrows,
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箭無法穿過牠的黃金皮毛,
01:20
but Hercules cornered the lion in its dark cave,
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但海克力士把獅子困在 牠黑暗洞穴裡的角落,
01:23
stunned it with a club,
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用棍棒將牠打昏,
01:26
and strangled it with his bare hands.
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再徒手將牠勒死。
01:28
He found no tool sharp enough to skin the beast,
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他找不到夠銳利的工具 來剝下這隻野獸的皮,
01:32
until the goddess Athena suggested using one of its own claws.
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直到女神雅典娜 建議用牠自己的爪子。
01:38
Hercules returned to Tiryns wearing the lion’s hide,
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海克力士回到提端斯, 身上披著那隻獅子的獸皮,
01:42
frightening King Eurystheus so much that he hid in a wine jar.
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把尤里司修斯王嚇壞了, 躲到酒罈後面。
01:48
From then on, Hercules was ordered
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從那之後,海克力士就被命令
01:50
to present his trophies at a safe distance.
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在呈獻他的戰利品時, 要保持一段安全距離。
01:53
The second target was the Lernaean Hydra, a giant serpent with many heads.
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第二個目標是勒拿九頭蛇,
牠是隻巨型的多頭大蛇。
02:00
Hercules fought fiercely,
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海克力士無懼地戰鬥,
02:01
but every time he cut one head off, two more grew in its place.
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但每當他斬下一個頭, 同一個地方就會再長出兩個頭來。
02:06
The battle was hopeless
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這場仗沒有希望,
02:08
until his nephew Iolaus thought to cauterize the necks with fire,
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直到他的姪子伊奧勞斯想到 可以用火去燒灼蛇的脖子,
02:12
keeping the heads from regrowing.
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讓頭無法再長出來。
02:15
The dead serpent’s remains became the Hydra constellation.
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大蛇死後的遺體變成了長蛇星座。
02:20
Instead of slaying a beast, Hercules next had to catch one, alive.
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海克力士的下一個任務 不是要殺死野獸,而是要活捉。
02:26
The Ceryneian Hind was a female deer so fast it could outrun an arrow.
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刻律涅牝鹿是一隻母鹿,
速度比箭還快。
02:31
Hercules tracked it for a year,
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海克力士花了一年時間追蹤牠,
02:34
finally trapping it in the northern land of Hyperborea.
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終於在極北之地 許珀耳玻瑞亞將牠困住。
02:39
The animal turned out to be sacred to Artemis, goddess of the hunt,
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結果發現這隻鹿對於 狩獵女神阿緹密絲而言非常神聖,
02:43
and Hercules swore to return it.
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海克力士發誓會歸還牠。
02:45
When Eurystheus saw the hind, he demanded to keep it instead,
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尤里司修斯看到這隻鹿時 卻命令留下牠來,
02:49
but as soon as Hercules let go, the animal ran to its mistress.
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但海克力士才一放手, 這隻鹿就跑向牠的女主人去了。
02:53
Thus, Hercules completed his task without breaking his promise.
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因此,海克力士完成了這項任務,
也沒有破壞他的承諾。
02:59
The fourth mission was to capture the Erymanthian boar,
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第四個任務是要捕捉 厄律曼托斯山的野豬,
03:03
which had ravaged many fields.
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牠蹂躪了許多田地。
03:06
Advised by the wise centaur Chiron,
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依據半人半馬凱隆的建議,
03:09
Hercules trapped it by chasing it into thick snow.
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海克力士追趕牠到積雪 很厚的地方,將牠困住。
03:13
For the fifth task, there were no animals, just their leftovers.
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第五個任務,沒有任何動物, 只有牠們留下的東西。
03:18
The stables where King Augeas kept his hundreds of divine cattle
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奧吉亞斯王用來養 數百隻神聖小牛的畜舍
03:23
had not been maintained in ages.
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長年都沒有維護。
03:25
Hercules promised to clean them in one day
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海克力士保證會在 一天內清理乾淨,
03:29
if he could keep one-tenth of the livestock.
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條件是十分之一的家畜要給他。
03:32
Augeas expected the hero to fail.
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奧吉亞斯預期這位英雄會失敗。
03:35
Instead, Hercules dug massive trenches,
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結果,海克力士反而 挖了巨大的溝渠,
03:38
rerouting two nearby rivers to flow through the stables
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將兩條鄰近的河流 重新導向,流過畜舍,
03:42
until they were spotless.
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直到畜舍毫無汙點為止。
03:44
Next came three more beastly foes,
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接著是三個更野蠻的對手,
03:47
each requiring a clever strategy to defeat.
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每個都需要用 聰明的策略才能打敗。
03:51
The carnivorous Stymphalian birds nested in an impenetrable swamp,
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肉食性的斯廷法利斯湖怪鳥
在無法進入的沼澤中築巢,
03:57
but Hercules used Athena’s special rattle to frighten them into the air,
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但海克力士用雅典娜的 特殊聲響把牠們嚇飛起來,
04:01
at which point he shot them down.
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在那一刻把牠們射下來。
04:04
No mortal could stand before the Cretan bull’s mad rampage,
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沒有人能夠在克里特 公牛的暴怒之下存活,
04:08
but a chokehold from behind did the trick.
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但從背後鎖喉就能解決牠。
04:12
And the mad King Diomedes,
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還有瘋狂的戴奧米迪斯王,
04:15
who had trained his horses to devour his guests,
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他訓練他的馬去吞食他的客人,
04:18
got a taste of his own medicine
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海克力士把他丟向他自己的馬廄,
04:20
when Hercules wrestled him into his own stables.
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以其人之道還治其人之身。
04:24
The ensuing feast calmed the beasts enough for Hercules to bind their mouths.
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接下來的饗宴讓野獸都安靜下來,
足以讓海克力士綁住牠們的嘴巴。
04:31
But the ninth labor involved someone more dangerous than any beast,
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但第九項偉績的對象 比任何野獸都還要危險,
04:36
Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons.
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希波呂忒,亞馬遜人的女王。
04:39
Hercules was to retrieve the belt given to her by her father Ares, the god of war.
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海克力士要取回她的父親
戰神阿瑞斯給予她的腰帶。
04:46
He sailed to the Amazon land of Themyscira prepared for battle,
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他航行到天堂島 亞馬遜,準備作戰,
04:51
but the queen was so impressed with the hero and his exploits
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但女王對於這位英雄 和他的功勛印象深刻,
04:55
that she gave the belt willingly.
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自願把腰帶給了他。
04:58
For his tenth labor,
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第十項偉績,
05:00
Hercules had to steal a herd of magical red cattle from Geryon,
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海克力士必須要向革律翁 竊取一群魔法紅牛,
05:05
a giant with three heads and three bodies.
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革律翁是個巨人, 有三個頭和三個身體。
05:08
On his way, Hercules was so annoyed by the Libyan desert heat
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在路上,利比亞沙漠的酷熱 讓海克力士很煩惱,
05:12
that he shot an arrow at the Sun.
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他把一支箭射向太陽。
05:15
The sun god Helios admired the hero’s strength
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太陽神赫利俄很欣賞 這位英雄的力量,
05:19
and lent his chariot for the journey to the island of Erytheia.
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把他的馬車借給海克力士, 讓他前往厄律忒亞島。
05:24
There, Hercules fought off Geryon’s herdsman
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在那裡,海克力士 擊退了革律翁的牧人,
05:27
and his two-headed dog, before killing the giant himself.
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以及他的雙頭犬, 然後才殺死了巨人本身。
05:32
That should have been the end.
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應該就到此為止了。
05:34
But Eurystheus announced that two labors hadn’t counted:
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但尤里司修斯宣稱 有兩項偉績不算數:
05:37
the Hydra, because Iolaus had helped Hercules kill it,
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九頭蛇,因為伊奧勞斯 協助了海克力士殺掉牠,
05:41
and the stables, because he’d accepted payment.
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還有畜舍,因為他收了報酬。
05:44
And so, the hero set about his eleventh task,
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於是,這位英雄又去 執行第十一項任務,
05:48
obtaining golden apples from the garden of the Hesperides nymphs.
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從赫斯帕里得斯女神的 花園取得金蘋果。
05:53
Hercules began by catching the Old Man of the Sea
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海克力士一開始先去抓大海老人,
05:57
and holding the shape-shifting water-god until he revealed the garden’s location.
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挾持這位能改變形體的海神, 直到他招出花園的所在。
06:03
Once there, the hero found the titan Atlas holding up the heavens.
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到了那裡之後,這位英雄就發現 泰坦神阿特拉斯支撐著天。
06:08
Hercules offered to take his place if Atlas would retrieve the apples.
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海克力士提議,若阿特拉斯能取回 蘋果,自己就去代替他的位置。
06:13
Atlas eagerly complied, but Hercules then tricked him into trading places again,
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阿特拉斯很熱切接受了,但 海克力士又再次騙他交換位置,
06:18
escaping with apples in hand.
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帶著蘋果逃走。
06:22
The twelfth and final task was to bring back Cerberus,
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第十二個任務,也是最後一個, 是要把地獄犬帶回來,
06:27
the three-headed hound guarding the underworld.
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牠是看守地獄的三頭獵犬。
06:30
Helped by Hermes and Athena, Hercules descended and met Hades himself.
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在赫爾墨斯和雅典娜的協助下,
海克力士下地獄去見黑帝斯本人。
06:36
The lord of the dead allowed Hercules to take the beast
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這位死者之王允許 海克力士帶走這頭野獸,
06:40
if he could do it without weapons,
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條件是他不能使用武器,
06:42
which he achieved by grabbing all three of its heads at once.
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海克力士一次抓住三個頭, 成功帶走地獄犬。
06:46
When he presented the hound to a horrified Eurystheus,
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當他把這隻獵犬帶給 嚇壞的尤里司修斯時,
06:50
the king finally declared the hero’s service complete.
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尤里司修斯終於宣佈 這位英雄的服務完成了。
06:54
After 12 years of toil,
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在十二年的辛苦之後,
06:57
Hercules had redeemed the tragic deaths of his family
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海克力士為他家人的 不幸死亡贖了罪,
07:01
and earned a place in the divine pantheon.
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並在神聖的眾神之廟 賺得了一個位置。
07:04
But his victory held an even deeper importance.
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但他的勝利還有更深刻的重要性。
07:07
In overcoming the chaotic and monstrous forces of the world,
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透過克服世界上混亂 且可怕的力量,
07:11
the hero swept away what remained of the Titans’ primordial order,
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這位英雄也掃除了 剩下的泰坦原始秩序,
07:17
reshaping it into one where humanity could thrive.
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將它重塑成為人類 也能夠興盛的新秩序。
07:21
Through his labors,
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透過他的偉績,
07:22
Hercules tamed the world’s madness by atoning for his own.
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海克力士在為自己的瘋狂贖罪的 過程中,也馴服了世界的瘋狂。
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