How to take a great picture - Carolina Molinari

譯者: 家平 林 審譯者: 庭芝 梁

Hmmm, that's not what we want, is it?

嗯...這不是我們想要的照片吧？

Today's digital cameras do a lot for us,

現在的數位相機有很多功能，

but there's no replacement for the human eye.

但還是無法取代人眼。

我們必須知道

It's important to learn

how cameras work with light to create an image,

相機是如何用光形成影像，

that way we'll know what's going on

這樣你才會瞭解

when it's time to capture a moment.

當你按下快門時，到底發生什麼事。

There are three variables

有三個變數

that determine if you're getting the right amount of light

決定了你能否得到適量的光，

for the correct exposure.

來產生正確的曝光。

With a manual camera,

對於一台手動相機來說，

we're able to change any of the variable ourselves.

我們能夠調整任何的項目。

Different settings can result in really different pictures.

不同的設定會產生不一樣的照片。

Let's look at the process together.

我們一起來看一下過程：

First, see this here?

首先，看到這裡了嗎？

This is the aperture.

這是「光圈」，

It's the hole that light passes through.

它是讓光穿過的小洞。

If we make the aperture big,

如果我們把光圈放大，

we'll have more light, true,

就會有更多的光通過，

but the sharpness of your photo will decrease

但是如果你拍照的距離

very quickly from your focus point,

超出你的焦點前、後一小段範圍，

backward and forward.

照片的清晰度就會快速地下降，

This is what we call shallow depth of field.

這就是我們所稱的「淺景深」。

If we have a very small aperture,

如果光圈非常小，

we'll have less light but a deeper depth of field.

通過的光會變少，但會加大景深。

For portraits, it can be nice to have a sharp figure

對於拍攝人像來說， 應該要有清楚的身體輪廓，

separate from a somewhat blurry background

並且與稍微模糊的背景有所區別，

so I would suggest a large aperture.

所以我會建議使用大光圈。

Aperture is measured in f-stops.

光圈的單位是光圈值(f)

This can get a little confusing

這裡很容易讓人混淆，

because lower numbers mean bigger apertures

因為較小的數字，代表較大的光圈；

and higher numbers mean smaller apertures.

而較大的數字，代表較小的光圈。

Next, there's shutter speed to think about.

接下來，我們來看「快門速度」。

The shutter acts like a curtain

快門的作用就像窗簾，

that covers the sensor,

它遮蓋著影像感測器。

and it only opens when you release the shutter button.

當你放開快門按鈕時，快門才會打開。

If we want less light,

如果我們想要比較少量的光，

we open the shutter for a shorter time.

快門打開的時間就要很短；

If we want more light,

如果我們需要較大量的光，

we open it for a longer time,

快門打開的時間就要加長，

but we run the risk of getting

但會這麼作會有風險，

a motion-blurred picture.

就是拍出一張模糊的照片。

The speed is measured in seconds

快門的速度單位是秒，

and fractions of seconds.

甚至只有幾分之一秒。

For shooting sports or anything with a lot of movement,

要拍攝運動或是大量動作的畫面時，

we'll need faster speeds.

我們需要較快的快門速度。

For taking awesome night landscapes,

但是如果要拍攝很棒的夜景，

longer exposures will be better,

就需要更長時間的曝光，

but we'll need a tripod to steady the shot

這時我們需要一個三腳架來固定相機，

and prevent motion blur.

以避免晃動造成模糊。

Another cool thing we can do with light exposures

另外一種很酷的曝光方式，

is light painting,

稱為「光影塗鴉」，

drawing in the dark with a torch

就是在黑暗中用火把

or the light of a cell phone.

或是手機的燈光來繪圖。

Lastly, ISO sensitivity controls

最後，ISO 控制著影像感測器

how sensitive the sensor is to light.

對光線的敏感度。

If we use low sensitivity,

如果我們調低光線敏感度，

we'll need more light to register a photo.

我們就需要更多的光線才能拍照。

With a higher sensitivity,

使用較高的光線敏感度，

we'll be able to get a picture

我們就可以用較少的光線

with less available light.

來拍出照片。

100 ISO is a low sensitivity,

ISO值100 是指光線敏感度較低，

while 6400 ISO is a high one.

而ISO值6400是很高的光線敏感度。

If we increase sensitivity,

如果我們提高光線敏感度，

we'll be able to use faster speeds

我們就可以用更快的快門速度，

and smaller apertures,

和較小的光圈來拍照，

but we'll get noisier images.

但是影像會有較多的雜點。

Good thing we have something to tell us

有個好消息要告訴大家：

if we're getting the correct amount of light

如果你想要得到適量的光

to get a good exposure,

來產生正確的曝光，

the light meter.

你可以使用測光表。

Sound good to you?

聽起來不錯吧？

Now it's time to get out there

現在，你應該出去走走，

and practice taking pictures

在不同情況下

under different conditions,

去練習拍照。

so you know what to do

這樣你就會知道

any time you want to take the best picture.

如何拍出最棒的照片。