Romance and revolution: The poetry of Pablo Neruda - Ilan Stavans

609,148 views ・ 2019-07-23

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Sooha Ahn κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:07
Pablo Neruda published his first collection of poems at age 19.
0
7064
4450
νŒŒλΈ”λ‘œ λ„€λ£¨λ‹€λŠ” 19세에 첫 μ‹œμ§‘μ„ μΆœνŒν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:11
He went on to win the Nobel Prize in Literatureβ€”
1
11514
3070
κ·ΈλŠ” κ·Έ ν›„ 노벨 문학상을 μˆ˜μƒν•˜κ³ 
00:14
and also rescue 2,000 refugees,
2
14584
2820
2,000λͺ…μ˜ λ‚œλ―Όμ„ κ΅¬μΆœν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°,
00:17
spend three years in political exile,
3
17404
2770
3λ…„κ°„μ˜ μ •μΉ˜μ  망λͺ…을 κ²ͺκ³ 
00:20
and run for president of Chile.
4
20174
2180
칠레 λŒ€μ„ μ— μΆœλ§ˆν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
A romantic and a revolutionary,
5
22354
2200
λ‘œλ§¨ν‹°μŠ€νŠΈμ΄μž ν˜μ‹ κ°€μ˜€λ˜ κ·ΈλŠ”
00:24
Neruda was one of the most celebrated poets of the 20th century,
6
24554
4550
20μ„ΈκΈ°μ˜ κ°€μž₯ κ°κ΄‘λ°›λ˜ μ‹œμΈ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ΄μž
00:29
but also one of the most accessible and controversial.
7
29104
3608
κ°€μž₯ 접근성이 μ’‹μœΌλ©΄μ„œλ„ λ…Όλž€μ΄ λ§Žμ•˜κΈ°λ‘œ 유λͺ…ν•˜μ£ .
00:32
Originally written in Spanish,
8
32712
1940
μŠ€νŽ˜μΈμ–΄λ‘œ μž‘μ„±λœ 그의 μ‹œλ“€μ€
00:34
his poems often use straightforward language and everyday experience
9
34652
4760
주둜 직섀적인 문체둜 일상적 κ²½ν—˜μ„ λ‹΄μ•„
00:39
to create lasting impact.
10
39412
3162
λ…μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ—¬μš΄μ„ λ‚¨κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
Neruda was born Ricardo Eliezer NeftalΓ­ Reyes Basoalto
11
42574
4300
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€μ˜ λ³Έλͺ…은 리카λ₯΄λ„ μ—˜λ¦¬μ—μ„Έλ₯΄ λ„€ν”„νƒˆλ¦¬ 레예슀 λ°”μ†Œμ•Œν† μ΄λ©°
00:46
in a small Chilean town in 1904.
12
46874
3150
κ·ΈλŠ” 1904년에 칠레의 μž‘μ€ λ„μ‹œμ—μ„œ νƒœμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
His father didn’t want him to be a poet,
13
50024
2220
그의 μ•„λ²„μ§€λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ μ‹œμΈμ΄ λ˜λŠ” 것에 λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜μ˜€κΈ°μ—
00:52
so at sixteen he began to write under the pen name β€œPablo Neruda.”
14
52244
5000
κ·ΈλŠ” 16세에 "νŒŒλΈ”λ‘œ 넀루닀"λΌλŠ” ν•„λͺ… ν•˜μ— 글을 μ“°κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
The poems in his early collection "Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair"
15
57244
5194
그의 첫 μž‘ν’ˆμ§‘μΈ "20편의 μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ μ‹œμ™€ ν•œ 편의 절망의 λ…Έλž˜" 속 μ‹œλŠ”
01:02
were tender and perceptive,
16
62438
2270
λΆ€λ“œλŸ½κ³  톡찰λ ₯ 있으며
01:04
illuminating the subtleties of love and enchantment.
17
64708
3800
κ·ΈλŠ” μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό ν™©ν™€κ°μ˜ 흔적듀에 빛을 λΉ„μΆ”μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
In "Poem VI," for example, he writes:
18
68508
3010
"슀무 개의 μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ μ‹œ 6"을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄
01:11
β€œTu recuerdo es de luz, de humo, de estanque en calma!/
19
71518
6180
"λ„ˆμ˜ 좔얡은 λΉ›μ˜, μ—°κΈ°μ˜ μΉ¨λ¬΅ν•˜λŠ” μ—°λͺ»μ˜ 것/
01:17
MΓ‘s allΓ‘ de tus ojos ardΓ­an los crepΓΊsculos.”
20
77698
4016
λ„€ λˆˆλ™μžμ˜ μ € λ„ˆλ¨Έμ—λŠ” ν™©ν˜Όμ΄ λ“μ–΄μ˜€λ₯΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ§€."
01:21
Later, he poured this attention to detail into poems of appreciation
21
81714
4970
κ·Έ ν›„ κ·ΈλŠ” κ°μ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμŒμ„ 담은 μ‹œμ˜ 세뢀사항에 μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜μ˜€μ£ .
01:26
for everyday objects.
22
86684
2050
μΌμƒμ˜ 물건을 ν–₯ν•œ 감사 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
Many of the 225 short poems in his collection "All the Odes"
23
88734
4480
그의 λŒ€μ„œμ‚¬μ‹œ "λͺ¨λ‘μ˜ λ…Έλž˜" 속 225개의 μ‹œ 쀑 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄
01:33
are dedicated to the assortment of small,
24
93214
2706
μž‘μ€ 물건의 집합체λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
apparently insignificant items that surround us,
25
95920
4000
우리 주변에 λˆˆμ— 띄지 μ•Šμ€ 물건듀을 말이죠.
01:39
from a pair of shoelaces to a watermelon.
26
99920
2820
예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ μ‹ λ°œλˆμ΄λ‚˜ μˆ˜λ°• 같은 κ²ƒμ΄μš”.
01:42
An onion is mΓ‘s hermosa que un ave/ de plumas cegadoras,
27
102740
5870
μ–‘νŒŒλŠ” λΉ›λ‚˜λŠ” 깃털을 λ½λ‚΄λŠ” μƒˆλ³΄λ‹€λ„ μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš°λ©°,
01:48
while a tuna in the market is a bala del profundo/
28
108610
3789
μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ νŒŒλŠ” μ°ΈμΉ˜λŠ” ν—€μ—„μΉ˜λŠ” μ΄μ•Œκ°™μ§€λ§Œ
01:52
ocΓ©ano, proyectil natatorio, te vi, muerto.
29
112399
5450
μ§€κΈˆ λ‚΄ μ•žμ— 죽은 μ±„λ‘œ λˆ„μ›Œμžˆλ‹€.
01:57
Despite this early literary success,
30
117849
2807
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€λŠ” 일찍 μ„±κ³΅ν•˜μ˜€μŒμ—λ„
02:00
Neruda struggled financially,
31
120656
2060
μž¬μ •μ  어렀움을 κ²ͺμ—ˆμœΌκΈ°μ—,
02:02
and took a series of diplomatic jobs in places such as Burma, Indonesia,
32
122716
4959
외ꡐ직을 μ „μ „ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λ²„λ§ˆ, μΈλ„λ„€μ‹œμ•„, 싱가포λ₯΄μ™€ μŠ€νŽ˜μΈμ—μ„œ 말이죠.
02:07
Singapore and Spain.
33
127675
2110
02:09
In 1936, while Neruda was working at the consulate in Madrid,
34
129785
4520
κ·Έκ°€ λ§ˆλ“œλ¦¬λ“œ μ˜μ‚¬κ΄€μ—μ„œ κ·Όλ¬΄ν•˜λ˜ 1936년에
02:14
civil war broke out
35
134305
1760
내전이 λ°œλ°œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°
02:16
and the government was overthrown by a fascist military dictatorship.
36
136065
4714
μ •λΆ€λŠ” νŒŒμ‹œμŠ€νŠΈ λ…μž¬μžμ— μ˜ν•΄ λ°€λ €λ‚˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
Neruda organized an evacuation of refugees from Spain to Chile,
37
140779
4360
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€λŠ” ν”Όλ‚œλ―Όλ“€μ΄ μŠ€νŽ˜μΈμ—μ„œ 칠레둜 ν”Όλ‚œν•˜λ„λ‘ μ‘°μœ¨ν•˜μ—¬
02:25
saving 2,000 lives.
38
145139
2100
2,000λͺ…μ˜ λͺ©μˆ¨μ„ μ‚΄λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
Over a period of twenty years,
39
147239
1880
κ·ΈλŠ” 20년에 걸쳐
02:29
Neruda captured his experiences abroad in a three volume poetry collection
40
149119
4760
ν•΄μ™Έμ—μ„œμ˜ κ²½ν—˜μ„ μ„Έ ꢌ의 μž‘ν’ˆμ§‘μ— λ‹΄μ•˜μ£ .
02:33
titled "Residence on Earth."
41
153879
2540
"μ§€μƒμ˜ 거처"λ¦¬λŠ” 제λͺ©μ˜ μž‘ν’ˆμ§‘μ— 말이죠.
02:36
Many of these poems were experimental and surreal,
42
156419
3570
λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œλŠ” μ‹€ν—˜μ μ΄κ³  μ΄ˆν˜„μ‹€μ μ΄μ—ˆμœΌλ©°,
02:39
merging epic landscapes, supernatural themes,
43
159989
4000
μ›…μž₯ν•œ 풍경과 μ΄ˆμžμ—°μ μΈ μ£Όμ œλ“€,
02:43
and feelings of longing with discussion of political strife
44
163989
4180
κ°ˆλ§ν•˜λŠ” 감정과 μ •μΉ˜μ  λΆ„μŸλ“€,
02:48
and a poet’s responsibility to speak out against injustice.
45
168169
4707
그리고 λΆˆκ³΅μ •ν•¨μ„ μ§€μ ν•΄μ•Όν•˜λŠ” μ‹œμΈμ˜ 의무λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
In β€œI Explain a Few Things”
46
172876
1921
"I Explain a Few Things"λΌλŠ” μ‹œμ—μ„œ
02:54
he lingers on haunting details of the destruction of the Spanish Civil War.
47
174797
5660
κ·ΈλŠ” 슀페인 λ‚΄μ „μ˜ 파괴λ ₯을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” 곡포슀러운 세뢀사항을 λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
For the rest of his life,
48
180457
1360
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€λŠ” 남은 여생에 걸쳐
03:01
Neruda remained committed to revolutionary ideals.
49
181817
4000
그의 혁λͺ…적 μ΄μƒμ˜ ν˜„μ‹€ν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
His politics led to several years of exile
50
185817
3170
κ·ΈλŠ” μ •μΉ˜μ μœΌλ‘œ 수 λ…„κ°„ 망λͺ…μƒν™œμ„ ν–ˆκ³ 
03:08
before he was able to return to Chile in 1952.
51
188987
3470
κ·ΈλŠ” 1952λ…„μ—μ„œμ•Ό 칠레둜 볡귀할 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
While in exile,
52
192457
1090
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€λŠ” 망λͺ…기에
03:13
he published his influential "Canto General."
53
193547
3330
"μΉΈν†  μ œλ„€λž„"μ΄λΌλŠ” 영ν–₯λ ₯ μžˆλŠ” 책을 νŽ΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
The book attempts to retell the entire history of Latin America through poetry,
54
196877
5360
라틴 μ•„λ©”λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ 역사 전체λ₯Ό μ‹œλ₯Ό 톡해 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜μ—¬
03:22
touching on everything from its flora and fauna
55
202237
3287
그곳의 μžμ—°ν™˜κ²½κ³Ό λ”λΆˆμ–΄
03:25
to its politics and wars,
56
205524
2010
μ •μΉ˜μ™€ μ „μŸμ„ λ‹€λ£¨λ©΄μ„œ
03:27
but above all paying homage to the common people
57
207534
3030
무엇보닀도 ν‰λ―Όμ—κ²Œ 경의λ₯Ό ν‘œν•˜λŠ” μ‹œμ§‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
behind its civilizations’ achievements.
58
210564
3440
λ¬Έλͺ…μ˜ λ°œμ „μ„ λ„˜μ–΄μ„œμ„œ.
03:34
Although he continued to travel,
59
214004
1810
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€λŠ” 여행을 μ§€μ†ν•˜μ˜€μ§€λ§Œ
03:35
after returning from exile
60
215814
1680
망λͺ…μ—μ„œ λ˜λŒμ•„μ˜¨ κ·ΈλŠ”
03:37
Neruda lived in Chile for the rest of his life.
61
217494
3092
쀄곧 μΉ λ ˆμ— 거처λ₯Ό 두고 μ§€λ‚΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
In 1970, at age 66,
62
220586
2570
1970년도에 66μ„Έκ°€ 된 κ·ΈλŠ”
03:43
Neruda ran for president of Chile before yielding to Salvador Allende
63
223156
4420
칠레 λŒ€μ„ μ— μΆœλ§ˆν•œ λ’€ 살바도λ₯΄ μ•„μ˜Œλ°μ—κ²Œ 양보λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³ 
03:47
and becoming his close advisor.
64
227576
2889
λŒ€ν†΅λ Ή 고문이 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
But in 1973, Allende was overthrown in a military coup by General Augusto Pinochet.
65
230465
6520
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ•„μ˜Œλ°λŠ” 1973년에 μ•„μš°κ΅¬μŠ€ν†  ν”Όλ…Έμ²΄νŠΈμ˜ μΏ λ°νƒ€λ‘œ λ°€λ €λ‚¬μœΌλ©°,
03:56
Neruda died in the hospital a couple of weeks later.
66
236985
3640
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€λŠ” λͺ‡ μ£Ό λ’€ λ³‘μ›μ—μ„œ 세상을 λ– λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
Because of the timing of his death so soon after the coup,
67
240625
3710
넀루닀가 쿠데타와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μ— λͺ©μˆ¨μ„ μžƒμ€ 탓에
04:04
rumors swirled that he had died of sadness or even been assassinated,
68
244335
4810
κ·Έκ°€ 우울증으둜 μ£½μ—ˆλ‹€κ±°λ‚˜, μ‚΄ν•΄λ₯Ό λ‹Ήν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 루머가 μΌμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
but the hospital recorded his cause of death as cancer.
69
249145
3954
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ³‘μ›μ—μ„œλŠ” 사망원인이 암이라고 κΈ°λ‘ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
Today, Neruda’s lines are recited at protests and marches worldwide.
70
253099
5280
μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ—λ„ λ„€λ£¨λ‹€μ˜ μ‹œλŠ” μ „μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ‹œμœ„μ™€ ν–‰μ§„μ—μ„œ μ•”μ†‘λ˜λ©°
04:18
Much like his life,
71
258379
1180
그의 인생사와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜κ²Œλ„,
04:19
Neruda’s poems bridged romance and revolution
72
259559
3080
λ„€λ£¨λ‹€μ˜ μ‹œλŠ” λ‘œλ§¨μŠ€μ™€ 혁λͺ…을 μ΄μ–΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
by emphasizing the everyday moments worth fighting for.
73
262639
4590
νˆ¬μŸν•  κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλŠ” μΌμƒμ˜ μˆœκ°„λ“€μ„ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 말이죠.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7