Is there any truth to the King Arthur legends? - Alan Lupack

3,079,382 views ใƒป 2018-09-11

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Seungmee Yun ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:07
โ€œHere lies Arthur, king who was, and king who will be.โ€
0
7108
5834
"์•„์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ž ๋“ค๋‹ค, ์™•์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ์™•์ด ๋  ์ž."
00:12
So reads the inscription on King Arthurโ€™s gravestone
1
12942
3344
์•„์„œ์™•์˜ ๋ฌ˜๋น„์— ์ƒˆ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๊ธ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
in Thomas Maloryโ€™s Le Morte dโ€™Arthur.
2
16286
4072
ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ๋งฌ๋กœ๋ฆฌ์˜ '์•„์„œ ์™•์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ'์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜์ฃ .
00:20
Writing in the 15th century,
3
20358
1837
15์„ธ๊ธฐ์—์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ์ด ์ฑ…์—์„œ
00:22
Malory couldnโ€™t have known how prophetic this inscription would turn out to be.
4
22195
4836
๋งฌ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋น„๋ฌธ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
King Arthur has risen again and again in our collective imagination,
5
27031
4633
์•„์„œ ์™•์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ ์ธ ์ƒ์ƒ์— ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
along with his retinue of knights,
6
31664
2050
๊ทธ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค,
00:33
Guinevere,
7
33714
1000
์•„์„œ ์™•์˜ ์™•๋น„,
00:34
the Round Table,
8
34714
1207
์›ํƒ,
00:35
Camelot,
9
35921
879
์นด๋ฉœ๋กฏ,
00:36
and of course, Excalibur.
10
36800
2834
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์—‘์Šค์นผ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
But where do these stories come from, and is there any truth to them?
11
39634
4379
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์— ์ผ๋ง์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:44
King Arthur as we know him is a creation of the later Middle Ages,
12
44013
4682
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ์•„์„œ ์™•์€ ์ค‘์„ธ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ์— ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ
00:48
but his legend actually has its roots in Celtic poetry from an earlier time:
13
48695
5557
์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ ์ „์„ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ด์ „ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ผˆํŠธ ์กฑ์˜ ์‹œ์— ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
the Saxon invasions of Britain.
14
54252
2938
์ƒ‰์Šจ ์กฑ์˜ ์˜๊ตญ ์นจ๋žต๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
After the Romans left Britain in 410 CE,
15
57190
4033
์„œ๊ธฐ 410๋…„์— ๋กœ๋งˆ๊ตฐ์ด ์˜๊ตญ์„ ๋– ๋‚œ ํ›„
01:01
Saxon invaders from whatโ€™s now Germany and Denmark
16
61223
3390
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋…์ผ๊ณผ ๋ด๋งˆํฌ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜จ ์ƒ‰์Šจ ์กฑ ์นจ๋žต์ž๋“ค์€
01:04
quickly capitalized on the vulnerability of the abandoned territory.
17
64613
4536
์ด ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์„ ์žฌ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
The inhabitants of Britain fought fiercely against the invaders
18
69149
3540
์ด ์นจ๋žต์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํžˆ ์‹ธ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:12
through several centuries of turmoil.
19
72689
2727
์ˆ˜์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
01:15
There are hardly any written records from this time,
20
75416
2647
์ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์ž‘์„ฑ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:18
so itโ€™s difficult to reconstruct an accurate history.
21
78063
3634
์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
However, surviving poetry from the era gives us some clues.
22
81697
4465
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
One of the poems, The Gododdin, contains the very first reference to Arthur,
23
86162
4956
์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๊ณ ๋„๋”˜์— ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์•„์„œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:31
though Arthur himself doesnโ€™t actually appear in it.
24
91118
3227
์ •์ž‘ ์•„์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
It says a different warrior, named Gwawrddur,
25
94345
3372
์‹œ์—๋Š” ๊ถˆ๋ฅด๋”๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”๋ฐ
01:37
was skilled at slaying his enemies, but was no Arthur.
26
97717
4307
์ ๋“ค์„ ๋ฒ ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ข‹์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์„œ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Thatโ€™s not much to go on,
27
102024
1554
๋ณ„๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:43
but whoever this Arthur was,
28
103578
1988
์ด ์•„์„œ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜€๋“ 
01:45
he mustโ€™ve been the gold standard of warriors.
29
105566
3251
์ „์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
Whether he ruled anyone, or even lived at all is, unfortunately, less clear.
30
108817
5588
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ž์˜€๋Š”์ง€, ์‹ค์กดํ•˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์•ˆํƒ€๊น์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
Despite this uncertainty,
31
114405
1759
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
01:56
references to Arthur caught the attention of an aspiring historian
32
116164
3852
์•„์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰์€ ์ถœ์„ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ฒŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
hundreds of years later.
33
120016
1775
๊ทธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋…„ ํ›„
02:01
In 1130, Geoffrey of Monmouth was a lowly cleric with grand ambitions.
34
121791
7206
1130๋…„, ๋ชฌ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค์˜ ์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์œ„๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋งŒ ์•ผ๋ง์ด ํฐ ์„ฑ์ง์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
Using Celtic and Latin sources,
35
128997
2176
๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผˆํŠธ ๋ฐ ๋ผํ‹ด ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ
02:11
he spent years creating a lengthy chronicle
36
131173
2546
์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ ์žฅ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
titled, "The History of the Kings of Britain."
37
133719
3570
์ œ๋ชฉ์€ "์˜๊ตญ์™•์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ"์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
The centerpiece of this tome was King Arthur.
38
137289
3579
์ด ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์ฑ…์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„์„œ ์™•์ด์—ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์•„
02:20
History is a generous term for Geoffreyโ€™s account.
39
140868
3773
์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ €์„œ์— ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Writing six hundred years after the Saxon invasions,
40
144641
3216
์ƒ‰์Šจ ์กฑ์˜ ์นจ์ž… 600๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ ธ์„œ
02:27
he cobbled together fragments of myth and poetry
41
147857
2740
์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ํ™”๋‚˜ ํŒŒํŽธ๋“ค์„ ๊ฟฐ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
to compensate for the almost complete lack of official records.
42
150597
4139
๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „๋ฌดํ–ˆ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:34
A few of his sources contained mentions of Arthur,
43
154736
2455
์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ค‘์—๋Š” ์•„์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:37
and some others were realistic accounts of battles and places.
44
157191
3347
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ „ํˆฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋ช…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
But many featured mythic heroes fighting long odds
45
160538
3134
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, ์‹ ํ™”์ ์ธ ์˜์›…๋“ค์ด
02:43
with the help of magical swords and sorcery.
46
163672
3509
๋งˆ๋ฒ•๊ฒ€๊ณผ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋„์›€์œผ๋กœ ํž˜๋“  ์‹ธ์›€์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๊ทธ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Geoffrey blended them all:
47
167181
1522
์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฐ ์„ž์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
A magical sword called Caledfwlch
48
168703
2937
์นผ๋ ˆ๋“œํ’€ํ(Caledfwlch)๋ผ๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ฒ•๊ฒ€๊ณผ
02:51
and a Roman fortress called Caerleon appeared in his source material,
49
171640
4122
์นผ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฐ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์š”์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:55
so Geoffreyโ€™s Arthur ruled from Caerleon and wielded Caliburnus,
50
175762
5211
์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์ž‘ํ•œ ์•„์„œ๋Š” ์นผ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
03:00
the Latin translation of Caledfwlch.
51
180973
2602
์นผ๋ ˆ๋“œํ’€ํ์˜ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด ๋ฒˆ์—ญ์ธ ์นผ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„๋ˆ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํœ˜๋‘˜๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
Geoffrey even added a wise counselor named Merlin,
52
183575
3331
์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฐ์ด๋ž€ ์ด๋ฆ„์˜ ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ์ž๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
based on the Celtic bard Myrrdin, to Arthurโ€™s story.
53
186906
3939
์ผˆํ‹ฑ์กฑ์˜ ์Œ์œ ์‹œ์ธ ๋จธ๋”˜์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
If Arthur did live, he would likely have been a military leader,
54
190845
3160
์•„์„œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์กด ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์  ์ง€๋„์ž์˜€์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์ง€๋งŒ
03:14
but a castle-bound king better fit Geoffreyโ€™s regal history.
55
194005
5190
์„ฑ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์™•์ด ์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ์˜ ์›…์žฅํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์„œ์— ๋” ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
Geoffreyโ€™s chronicle got the attention heโ€™d hoped for,
56
199195
2637
์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
and was soon translated from Latin into French
57
201832
2407
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด์—์„œ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
by the poet Wace around 1155 CE.
58
204239
4136
1155๋…„ ์‹œ์ธ์›จ์ด์Šค์—์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:28
Wace added another centerpiece of Arthurian lore to Geoffreyโ€™s sword,
59
208375
3742
์›จ์ด์Šค๋Š” ์•„์„œ ์™• ์ „๋ž˜ ๋ฏผ๋‹ด ์ค‘ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œํ”„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒ€,
03:32
castle,
60
212117
701
03:32
and wizard:
61
212818
1284
์„ฑ,
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ,
03:34
the Round Table.
62
214102
1892
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์›ํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
He wrote that Arthur had the table constructed
63
215994
2230
์›จ์ด์Šค๋Š” ์•„์„œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ํƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋„๋ก ๋ช…๋ นํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:38
so that all guests in his court would be equally placed,
64
218224
3432
์ด ํƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ถ์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋“ฑํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์— ์•‰๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ
03:41
and none could boast that he had the highest position at the table.
65
221656
4057
์•„๋ฌด๋„ ํƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ์„์— ์•‰์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ์ญ๋Œˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
After reading Waceโ€™s translation, another French poet, Chrรฉtien de Troyes,
66
225713
5346
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์‹œ์ธ ํฌ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ์•ต ๋“œ ํŠธ๋ฃจ์™€๋Š” ์›จ์ด์Šค์˜ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ณธ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ 
03:51
wrote a series of romances that catapulted Arthurโ€™s story to fame.
67
231059
4717
์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๋กœ๋งจ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ €์ˆ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์•„์„œ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
He introduced tales of individual knights like Lancelot and Gawain,
68
235776
5184
ํฌ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ์•ต์€ ๋žœ์Šฌ๋กฏ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์›จ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:00
and mixed elements of romance in with the adventures.
69
240960
2746
๊ทธ ๋ชจํ—˜๋‹ด์— ๋กœ๋งจ์Šค์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ž์–ด ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
He conceived Arthur,
70
243706
1539
ํฌ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ์•ต์ด ์•„์„œ,
04:05
Lancelot,
71
245245
1077
๋žœ์Šฌ๋กฏ,
04:06
and Guinevereโ€™s love triangle.
72
246322
2431
๊ธฐ๋„ค๋น„์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์˜ ์‚ผ๊ฐ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
In addition to interpersonal intrigue, he also introduced the Holy Grail.
73
248753
5815
ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋”ํ•ด์„œ ์„ฑ๋ฐฐ๋„ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
Chrรฉtien probably based his Grailโ€™s powers on magical objects in Celtic mythology.
74
254568
6495
์„ฑ๋ฐฐ์˜ ํž˜์€ ์ผˆํŠธ ์กฑ์˜ ๋ฏผ๋‹ด ์† ๋งˆ๋ฒ•๋ฌผ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
He lived in the middle of the Crusades,
75
261063
2612
ํฌ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ์•ต์ด ์‚ด๋˜ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‹ญ์ž๊ตฐ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ํ•œ์ฐฝ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:23
and others imposed the preoccupations of the time on the Grail,
76
263675
4495
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋ง์„ ์„ฑ๋ฐฐ์— ํˆฌ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ
04:28
casting it as a powerful relic from the crucifixion.
77
268170
3546
์‹ญ์ž๊ฐ€ํ˜•์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์„ฑ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Numerous adaptations in French and other languages
78
271716
3171
ํฌ๋ ˆํ‹ฐ์—ฅ์˜ ์ €์ˆ  ํ›„, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด๋“ค๋กœ
04:34
followed from Chrรฉtienโ€™s work.
79
274887
2146
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ์ƒ‰์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
In the course of these retellings, Caerleon became Camelot,
80
277033
3975
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ „์Šน๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์นผ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์€ ์นด๋ฉœ๋กฏ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
04:41
and Caliburnus was rechristened Excalibur.
81
281008
3728
์นผ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„๋ˆ„์Šค๋Š” ์—‘์Šค์นผ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
In the 15th century,
82
284736
1261
15์„ธ๊ธฐ์—,
04:45
Sir Thomas Malory synthesized these stories in Le Morte Dโ€™arthur,
83
285997
4476
ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ๋งฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฝ์€ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌถ์–ด ์•„์„œ ์™•์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌถ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
04:50
the basis of many modern accounts of King Arthur.
84
290473
3170
ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์„œ ์™•์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ด์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
In the thousand years since Arthur first appeared in a Celtic poem,
85
293643
4108
์ผˆํŠธ ์กฑ์˜ ์‹œ์— ์•„์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์ฒœ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
04:57
his story has transformed over and over
86
297751
2611
์•„์„œ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
05:00
to reflect the concerns of his chroniclers and their audiences.
87
300362
4271
์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž‘์„ฑ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๋…์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
And weโ€™re still rewriting and adapting the legend today.
88
304633
3596
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ ์ „์„ค์„ ๊ฐœ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:08
Whether or not the man ever lived,
89
308229
1798
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด ์‹ค์กดํ–ˆ๋“ ์ง€,
05:10
loved,
90
310027
826
05:10
reigned,
91
310853
678
์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ํ–ˆ๋“ ์ง€,
ํ†ต์น˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋“ ์ง€,
05:11
or adventured,
92
311531
1148
๋ชจํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ๋“ ์ง€ ๊ฐ„์—
05:12
itโ€™s undeniable that the character has achieved immortality.
93
312679
3617
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ฉธ์„ฑ์„ ํš๋“ํ–ˆ์Œ์€ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7