A day in the life of a Celtic Druid - Philip Freeman

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2019-09-17 ใƒป TED-Ed


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A day in the life of a Celtic Druid - Philip Freeman

1,808,853 views ใƒป 2019-09-17

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์ฃผ์—ฐ ๊น€ ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:07
As the sun rises on a fall morning in 55 BCE,
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๊ธฐ์›์ „ 55๋…„ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฐ€์„ ์•„์นจ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๋ ต
00:12
Camma lays two pigeons on the altar at the center of her village.
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์นด๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์„ ์ค‘์•™์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ œ๋‹จ ์œ„์— ๋น„๋‘˜๊ธฐ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋†“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
She offers a prayer to Matrona mother goddess of the Earth,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋•…์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ์‹  ๋งˆํŠธ๋กœ๋‚˜์™€
00:20
and Lugus chief of the gods.
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์ตœ๊ณ ์‹  ๋ฃจ๊ฑฐ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Then, she wrings the birdsโ€™ necks
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋น„๋‘˜๊ธฐ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ์„ ๋น„ํ‹€๊ณ 
00:25
and cuts them open to examine their entrails for divine messages.
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๋ชธ์„ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ ๋‚ด์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์‹ ์˜ ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Camma is a druid.
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
This means she conducts religious rites,
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ข…๊ต ์˜์‹์„ ๊ฑฐํ–‰ํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:35
but she also serves as a judge, healer, and scholar,
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์žฌํŒ๊ด€, ์น˜์œ ์ž, ํ•™์ž์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ๋”ํ•ด
00:38
teaching children and mediating conflict between Celtic tribes.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์ผˆํŠธ์กฑ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
She began her studies as a child,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
00:45
memorizing the countless details necessary to perform her many roles,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ์•”๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:49
since the druidsโ€™ knowledge is considered too sacred to record in writing.
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์ด๋Š” ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ์˜ ์ง€์‹์ด ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
Like many druids, she spent years studying in Britain.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๋„ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌํŠผ ์„ฌ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
Now, she is a resident Druid of the Veneti tribe
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฒ ๋„คํ‹ฐ์กฑ์˜ ์ƒ์ฃผ ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:01
in a small farming village near the western coast of Gaul,
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์€ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์„œ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ธ๊ทผ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋†์ดŒ ๋งˆ์„๋กœ
01:05
in what is now France.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๊ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
Since returning to Gaul, she has received many offers of marriageโ€“
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๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฒญํ˜ผ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:11
but she has decided to devote herself to her work, at least for now.
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๋‹น๋ถ„๊ฐ„์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์— ํ—Œ์‹ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋งˆ์Œ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
This morning, the omens are troubling.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์€ ์ง•์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
They tell of war and strife, as they often have in recent months.
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ๊ฐ„ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์™”๋“ฏ์ด ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
A neighboring tribe, the Redones,
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์ด์›ƒ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ธ ๋ ˆ๋„๋„ค์Šค์กฑ์€
01:25
have raided their village and stolen cattle in broad daylight twice this fall.
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๊ฐ€์„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋‚ฎ์— ๋งˆ์„์„ ๊ธ‰์Šตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ€์ถ•์„ ํ›”์ณ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
The children have gathered around to watch her work.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์•‰์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ผœ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Camma plays her lyre and sings to them.
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
She weaves stories of the powerful kings who once ruled their land โ€“
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•œ๋•Œ ์ด ๋•…์„ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ ธ๋˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์™•๋“ค๊ณผ
01:40
brave warriors who were slain naked in combat but who will be reborn,
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๋ฌด๋ฐฉ๋น„ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์ „์‚ฌํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผˆํŠธ์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ์šฉ๊ฐํ•œ ์šฉ์‚ฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
01:45
as will all the Celts.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ์—ฎ์–ด ๋“ค๋ ค ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
When the children go off to help in the fields,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ฐญ์ผ์„ ๋„์šฐ๋Ÿฌ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:49
Camma heads across the village to visit an old woman with an eye infection.
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์„์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ˆˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์•“๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
On the way to the old womanโ€™s hut,
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๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์›€๋ง‰์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
01:56
she passes men salting pigs for the winter food supply
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๊ฒจ์šธ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ
02:00
and women weaving clothing from dyed wool.
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์—ผ์ƒ‰ํ•œ ํ„ธ๋กœ ์˜ท์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ์ง€๋‚˜์ณ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
She delivers a remedy for the injured eyeโ€“
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ์•„ํ”ˆ ๋ˆˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์•ฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
itโ€™s made from mistletoe, a sacred healing plant,
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์•ฝ์€ ์‹ ์„ฑํ•œ ์น˜์œ  ์‹๋ฌผ์ธ ๊ฒจ์šฐ์‚ด์ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ
02:08
but deadly if used incorrectly.
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์ด๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์‹๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
From there, Camma visits the chieftain to discuss the omens.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜์œ ์ง•์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฑ์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
She convinces him to go and talk through their problems with their neighbors.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์กฑ์žฅ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์›ƒ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๋‚˜๋ˆ  ๋ณด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋“ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Accompanied by several warriors,
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๋ช‡ ๋ช…์˜ ์šฉ์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:20
they head through the forest and demand a meeting
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆฒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ ˆ๋„๋„ค์Šค์กฑ์˜ ๋งˆ์„ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ ์•ž์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ด
02:23
outside the Redonesโ€™ village walls.
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ํšŒํ•ฉ์„ ๊ฐ–์ž๊ณ  ์š”๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
The Redonesโ€™ representatives bring their own druid,
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๋ ˆ๋„๋„ค์Šค์กฑ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™”๊ณ 
02:28
who Camma recognizes from the annual gathering in central Gaul
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋งค๋…„ ๊ฐœ์ตœ๋˜๋Š”
02:32
where head druids are elected.
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๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ ์ˆ˜์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๋•Œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
The chieftains immediately begin to argue and threaten each other.
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์กฑ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์–ธ์Ÿํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
Camma steps between the opposing sides to stop them from fightingโ€”
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ์–‘์ธก ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์„œ์„œ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š”๋ฐ
02:42
they must honor her authority.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Finally, the Redones agree to pay Cammaโ€™s tribe several cattle.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ ˆ๋„๋„ค์Šค์กฑ์€ ์นด๋งˆ์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์ถ• ๊ฐ’์„ ์น˜๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
In spite of this resolution, Camma still feels uneasy on the long walk home.
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์ผ์€ ์ž˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋์ง€๋งŒ ์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
As they approach the village walls, a bright streak shoots across the skyโ€”
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๋งˆ์„ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฏค ํ•œ ์ค„๊ธฐ ๋ฐ์€ ๋น›์ด ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
another omen, but of what?
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง•์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:01
Back home, Camma sits among the elders for her evening meal of porridge,
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์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ์žฅ๋กœ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์•‰์•„ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ฃฝ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
03:05
a bit of meat, and a cup of wine.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์™€ ์™€์ธ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
While they were out during the day, an intercepted parchment arrived.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ฎ์— ์™ธ์ถœํ•ด ์žˆ์„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ค‘์— ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ฑ„์ ธ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
Camma recognizes the writing immediately.
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
Although the druids are forbidden from recording their knowledge,
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๋น„๋ก ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:19
she and many other young druids can read Latin.
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์นด๋งˆ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ Š์€ ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ๋“ค์€ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
From the message, she learns that the Romans are drawing closer to their lands.
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๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋กœ๋งˆ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋•…์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Some of the elders say that the tribe should flee to the nearby hills and hide,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์žฅ๋กœ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ์ธ๊ทผ ์–ธ๋•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์•„๋‚˜ ์ˆจ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:33
but Camma counsels them to trust in the gods and remain in their home.
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์นด๋งˆ๋Š” ์‹ ๋“ค์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋ผ๊ณ  ์กฐ์–ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
Privately, she has her doubts.
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์†์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์„ ํ’ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Should the Romans reach them, her power to help might be limited.
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๋กœ๋งˆ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํž˜์ด ์ œํ•œ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
Unlike the other Celtic tribes,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผˆํŠธ์กฑ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
03:45
Roman legions have no regard for the druidsโ€™ sacred role as peacemakers.
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๋กœ๋งˆ๊ตฐ๋‹จ์€ ์ค‘์žฌ์ž๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋“œ๋ฃจ์ด๋“œ์˜ ์‹ ์„ฑํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Before going to bed,
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์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „
03:51
she observes the course of the planets and consults her charts,
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ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ
03:55
trying to make sense of the meteor she saw earlier.
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์ด์ „์— ๋ดค๋˜ ์œ ์„ฑ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
The signs are converging on a larger threat than their neighbors.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง•ํ›„๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์›ƒ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋” ํฐ ์œ„ํ˜‘์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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