The key to media's hidden codes - Ben Beaton

281,605 views ใƒป 2012-05-29

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Transcriber: Ido Dekkers Reviewer: Emma Gon
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(Music)
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ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: eviatar edlerman
(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
00:14
Every movie you've ever seen,
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ื›ืœ ืกืจื˜ ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ืจืื™ืชื,
00:16
every TV show, every magazine,
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ื›ืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ,
00:18
every time you surf the Internet,
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ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืืชื ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜,
00:20
you're absorbing information,
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ืืชื ืกื•ืคื’ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข,
00:22
a bit like a sponge absorbs water.
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ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ืกืคื•ื’ ืฉืกื•ืคื’ ืžื™ื.
00:25
The words on the screen, the images,
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ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช,
00:27
the colors, the sounds, the angle of the camera,
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ื”ืฆื‘ืขื™ื, ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื, ื–ื•ื™ืช ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ื,
00:31
every detail is designed to make you think,
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ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘,
00:34
act or feel a certain way.
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ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ืื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช.
00:37
Your brain is subconsciously decoding images and sounds,
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ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืžืคืขื ื— ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืชืช ืžื•ื“ืข,
00:40
and just by being alive today,
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ื•ืจืง ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื,
00:43
by interacting with and reading all these different types of media,
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืืœื”,
00:46
you're already an expert
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ืืชื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื
00:48
at decoding and understanding these hidden messages.
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ื‘ืคื™ืขื ื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
00:51
A set of codes and conventions that work together
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ืกื˜ ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“
00:55
to make you feel happy, angry, afraid, excited.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื, ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื, ืžืคื—ื“ื™ื, ืžืจื•ื’ืฉื™ื.
01:00
To make you want to buy a particular product --
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื --
01:02
a refreshing drink, a new phone.
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ืžืฉืงื” ืžืจืขื ืŸ, ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:05
To style your hair a certain way.
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ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช.
01:07
To cheer for the hero or boo the villain.
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ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื• ืœื‘ื•ื– ืœืจืฉืข.
01:10
Welcome to the family tree of technical codes.
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ื‘ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื.
01:14
So what constitutes a code?
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ืื– ืžื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืงื•ื“?
01:17
First of all, it has to be recognized by all who read it.
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
01:21
Imagine a busy city where motorists don't know how to read the traffic signals.
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืขื™ืจ ืกื•ืื ืช ื‘ื” ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืจืžื–ื•ืจื™ื.
01:26
We all have to know red equals stop,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืื“ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืขืฆื•ืจ,
01:29
green means go, for the system to work.
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ื™ืจื•ืง ืื•ืžืจ ืกืข, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืขื‘ื•ื“.
01:32
Otherwise it would be chaos.
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ืื—ืจืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืื•ืก.
01:34
Secondly, codes are made meaningful by their context.
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ืฉื ื™ืช, ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื.
01:37
We can't fully interpret or decipher a code
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืจืฉ ื‘ืžืœื•ืื• ืื• ืœืคืขื ื— ืงื•ื“
01:41
until we see how it relates to other signs and symbols.
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ืขื“ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืื• ืกืžืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
01:44
Look at these two intersecting lines.
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืงื•ื™ื ื”ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื.
01:46
Without any context, things around the code to help you understand or make meaning from it,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื”ืงืฉืจ, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืงื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื• ืœืงืฉืจ ืžื”ื,
01:51
it's hard to know exactly what these lines represent.
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ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื.
01:54
They could be a cross, symbolizing religion,
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆืœื‘, ืœืกืžืŸ ื“ืช,
01:57
an add sign, symbolizing a mathematical concept,
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ืกื™ืžืŸ ื•ืขื•ื“, ืœืกืžืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืžืชืžื˜ื™,
02:01
the letter T from the alphabet,
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ื”ืื•ืช T ืžื”ืืœืคื‘ื™ืช,
02:03
or they could just be two lines intersecting.
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื ื™ ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื.
02:06
If we add a crescent moon shape,
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ืื ื ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจื— ื“ืง,
02:09
and a circle with a line on it in front,
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ื•ืขื™ื’ื•ืœ ืขื ืงื• ืœืคื ื™ื•,
02:11
the two lines now have a context,
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ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืงืฉืจ,
02:13
a relationship to their surroundings,
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ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
02:16
and are magically revealed as the letter T.
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ื•ื”ื ืžืชื’ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงืกื•ื ื›ืื•ืช T.
02:19
By adding additional information around the code,
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืงื•ื“,
02:22
we've changed its context, and therefore given it a concrete meaning.
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ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœื•, ื•ื›ืš ื ืชื ื• ืœื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื”.
02:27
Let's meet the family.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
02:30
Technical Codes, Senior has three sons:
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ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื, ืœืกื ื™ื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ื:
02:33
Symbolic Codes, Written Codes and Technical Codes, Junior.
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ืงื•ื“ื™ื ืกื™ืžื‘ื•ืœื™ื™ื, ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื, ื’'ื•ื ื™ื•ืจ.
02:37
Symbolic Codes has three sons:
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ืœืงื•ื“ื™ื ืกื™ืžื‘ื•ืœื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ื:
02:40
Symbolic Color, Symbolic Objects
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ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืกื™ืžื‘ื•ืœื™ื™ื, ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืกื™ืžื‘ื•ืœื™ื™ื
02:43
and Symbolic Animals.
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ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ืกื™ืžื‘ื•ืœื™ื•ืช.
02:45
This branch of the family is all about representation.
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ื”ืขื ืฃ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืชืฆื•ื’ื”.
02:48
Red represents hot
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ืื“ื•ื ืžืกืžืœ ื—ื
02:50
or stop or danger, depending on its context.
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ืื• ืขืฆื•ืจ ืื• ืกื›ื ื”, ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ.
02:53
So if you see a red light above a yellow and a green light
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ืื– ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืจ ืื“ื•ื ืžืขืœ ืฆื”ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ืจื•ืง
02:57
on a pole above the road,
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ืขืœ ืขืžื•ื“ ืžืขืœ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ,
02:58
you know by this context that the light represents stop.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ืื•ืจ ืžืกืžืœ ืขืฆื•ืจ.
03:02
Written Codes has three sons:
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ืœืงื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ื:
03:05
You and Only You, Buzzwords and Catchphrase.
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ืืชื ื•ืจืง ืืชื, ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืื– ื•ืืžืจื•ืช.
03:09
These guys are all about saying a lot with a little,
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืืœื” ื›ื•ืœื ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื ืžืขื˜,
03:12
or planting a word in your subconscious
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ืื• ืฉืชื™ืœืช ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืชืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ืฉืœื›ื
03:14
that triggers a response whenever you hear or read it.
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ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืชื™ ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื”.
03:18
Have you noticed how many times I've said the word "you?"
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ืฉืžืชื ืœื‘ ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืืžืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืืชื?"
03:21
You should feel like it's directed specifically at you, and only you,
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื–ื” ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื™ื›ื, ื•ืจืง ืืœื™ื›ื,
03:25
that it's addressing your needs and desire to learn about your world.
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ืฉื–ื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื•ืœืชืฉื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
03:29
If I tell you that all the cool, fresh and hip people are buying
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ืื ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ืงื•ืœื™ื™ื ืงื•ื ื™ื
03:32
a new drink or wearing a particular brand,
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ืžืฉืงื” ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืชื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื,
03:35
the buzzwords "new," "fresh" or "free"
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ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื– "ื—ื“ืฉ,"ื˜ืจื™" ืื• "ื—ื•ืคืฉื™"
03:38
make the product seem more interesting and appealing.
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ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืฉืš.
03:41
If I wrap that product or idea in a simple phrase
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ืื ืื ื™ ืืขื˜ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื• ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืจื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”
03:44
that's easy to remember and becomes part of your everyday speech,
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ืฉืงืœื” ืœื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื›ื,
03:48
then every time you hear or say those few words,
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ืื– ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืชืฉืžืขื• ืื• ืชื’ื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื•,
03:52
your brain connects them to the product.
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ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืžื•ืฆืจ.
03:54
So Just Do It, Think Different,
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ืื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”, ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืื—ืจืช,
03:57
and Enjoy the power of the catchphrase.
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ื•ืชื”ื ื• ืžื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืจื”.
04:00
And Technical Codes, Junior has three sons:
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ื•ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื, ืœื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ื:
04:04
Camera Angles, Framing and Lighting.
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ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ืฆื™ืœื•ื, ืžืกื’ื•ืจ ื•ืชืื•ืจื”.
04:07
For these boys, it's all about how the camera is placed,
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ืœืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืฆืœืžื”,
04:11
how objects, people and places are shot,
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ืื™ืš ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืœืžื™ื,
04:14
and what we see on screen -- or just as importantly, what we don't see.
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ื•ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš -- ืื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื”, ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื.
04:18
When the camera is placed high above the subject,
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืฆืœืžื” ืžื•ื ื—ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜,
04:21
it makes you look small, insignificant and powerless.
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ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ืกืจื™ ื›ื•ื—.
04:25
And the reverse is also true, when the camera is below.
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ื•ื”ื”ืคืš ื’ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืฉื”ืžืฆืœืžื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”.
04:28
So is this video trying to manipulate you to buy something?
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ืื– ื”ืื ื”ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืžื ืกื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•?
04:32
Yes, an idea.
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ื›ืŸ, ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
04:35
The idea that understanding the relationship between technical codes
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื
04:38
and the role they play in shaping your understanding of the world around us
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ื•ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉื”ื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•
04:42
through the media we consume is fun and interesting.
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ื“ืจืš ืžื“ื™ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืจื•ืš ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฃ ื•ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
04:45
Is it trying to make you feel a certain way?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžื ืกื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช?
04:48
Absolutely.
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜.
04:49
Every image, every word,
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ื›ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื”, ื›ืœ ืžื™ืœื”,
04:51
has been carefully crafted to work together
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ืขื•ืฆื‘ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื™ื—ื“
04:54
to make you feel positive about the idea
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
04:57
that you need to be educated to engage with what you read,
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ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืงื•ืจืื™ื,
05:00
watch and listen to in movies,
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ืจื•ืื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื,
05:02
TV shows, magazines
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ืžื’ื–ื™ื ื™ื
05:05
and on the Internet.
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ื•ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
05:07
By understanding these codes,
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
05:09
and how they work together to subconsciously change the way you think,
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ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืชืช ื”ื›ืจืชื™ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
05:13
feel and act towards products and ideas,
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ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช,
05:15
you'll be aware of these techniques
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ืืชื ืชื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
05:17
and able to identify their impact on you.
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ื•ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœื™ื›ื.
05:20
One of the most powerful advertising mediums in the world
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ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื•ื ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœo
05:23
is word of mouth.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืขื”.
05:25
If you've ever recommended a product or movie, a service, or even a video online,
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ืื ืื™ ืคืขื ื”ืžืœืฆืชื ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื• ืกืจื˜, ืฉืจื•ืช, ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉืช,
05:31
then you've played your part in passing the message.
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ืื– ืžื™ืœืืชื ืืช ื—ืœืงื›ื ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžืกืจ.
05:34
So soak all this information up.
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ืื– ืชืกืคื’ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื”.
05:36
Recognize how the family tree of technical codes
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ืชื›ื™ืจื• ืื™ืš ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ืงื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื
05:39
works on you, and those around you, to make an impact
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœื™ื›ื, ื•ืืœื” ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืฉืคืขื”
05:42
Find excellent examples,
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ืžืฆืื• ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื•ืช,
05:45
and spread the word.
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ื•ื”ืคื™ืฆื• ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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