If superpowers were real: Flight - Joy Lin

Translator: Fatiya Azizah Reviewer: Prameswari Rahmanu

If humans could fly,

Jika manusia bisa terbang,

without tools and machines,

tanpa alat dan mesin,

how fast do you think we would go?

akan seberapa cepatkah kita?

As of 2012, the world record

Tahun 2012, rekor dunia

for fastest short-distance sprint speed

untuk lari pendek tercepat

is roughly 27 miles per hour.

adalah sekitar 27 mil per jam.

Running speed depends on how much force

Kecepatan berlari bergantung pada gaya

is exerted by the runner's legs,

yang dikerahkan kaki pelari,

and according to Newton's Second Law of Motion,

dan bergantung pada Hukum II Newton,

force is the product of mass times acceleration.

gaya adalah hasil dari massa dikali percepatan.

And Newton's Third Law states

Dan Hukum III Newton menyatakan

that for every action,

untuk setiap aksi,

there is an equal and opposite reaction.

selalu ada reaksi yang sama besar dan berlawanan arah.

So, that means running requires

Artinya, dalam berlari kita membutuhkan

having a ground to push off from,

landasan untuk bertolak,

and the ground pushes back against the runner's foot.

dan landasan akan mendorong kaki pelari.

So, flying would actually be

Jadi, terbang sebenarnya

more similar to swimming.

lebih mirip berenang.

Michael Phelps is currently the fastest human in water

Michael Phelps adalah manusia tercepat dalam air saat ini.

and the most decorated Olympian of all time.

dan juara olimpiade paling berprestasi sepanjang sejarah.

Guess how fast he swims?

Tebak seberapa cepat ia berenang?

The answer may surprise you.

Jawabannya mungkin mengejutkan Anda.

His fastest recorded speed is

Rekor tercepatnya adalah

less than 5 miles per hour.

kurang dari 5 mil per jam.

A child on the ground can easily outrun

Seorang anak bisa berlari lebih cepat di daratan

Michael Phelps in water,

mendahului Michael Phelps,

but why is that?

tapi, mengapa?

Well, let's go back to Newton's Third Law of Motion.

Mari kembali ke Hukum III Newton.

When we run, we move forward

Saat berlari, kita bergerak maju

by pushing against the ground with our feet

dengan bertolak pada tanah menggunakan kaki

and the ground pushes back,

dan tanah akan mendorong balik

propelling us forward.

melempar kita ke depan.

The ground is solid.

Tanah itu padat.

By definition, it means the particles

Secara definisi, artinya semua partikel

are essentially locked into place

terkunci pada satu tempat

and must push back instead of getting out of the way,

dan harus mendorong balik, bukan tersebar,

but water is liquid and flows easily.

tapi air adalah benda cair dan mudah bergerak.

When we move our limbs

Ketika kita bergerak

to push back against the water,

untuk bertolak di dalam air,

a part of the water molecules

sebagian molekul air

can just slide past one another

meluncur di antara satu sama lain

instead of pushing back.

dan tidak mendorong balik.

Now, let's think about flying.

Sekarang, mengenai terbang.

Air has a lot more free space

Udara memiliki banyak ruang bebas

for particles to move past one another,

tempat partikel bergerak,

so even more of our energy would be wasted.

jadi kita justru lebih banyak membuang energi.

We would need to push a lot of air backwards

Kita harus mendorong udara ke belakang

in order to move forward.

untuk bisa maju.

Astronot bergerak di pesawat

Astronauts move around in shuttles

in zero gravity when they're in outer space

di gravitasi nol ketika di luar angkasa

by pulling on handles installed on the ceiling walls

dengan berpegangan pada besi yang dipasang di langit-langit

and floors of the shuttle.

dan di lantai pesawat.

Now, imagine you were given the ability to float.

Bayangkan Anda punya kemampuan untuk melayang.

How would you move around in the middle of the street?

Bagaimana Anda akan bergerak di tengah kota?

Well, you wouldn't get very far

Tidak bisa jauh-jauh

by swimming in air, would you?

kalau hanya berenang di udara, kan?

Nah, I don't think so!

Tentu tidak!

Now, assuming you were granted the ability to float

Jika Anda punya kemampuan untuk melayang

dengan pergerakan yang efisien,

and the speed to move around efficiently,

let's discuss the height of your flight.

mari diskusikan mengenai tinggi penerbangan Anda.

According to the Ideal Gas Law,

Menurut hukum gas ideal

P-V N-R-T,

P-V N-R-T,

pressure and temperature has a positive correlation,

Tekanan dan temperatur mempunyai hubungan positif,

meaning they increase and decrease together.

artinya, mereka meningkat dan menurun bersama.

This is because the air expands in volume

Ini karena volume udara memuai

with less pressure,

dengan tekanan yang kecil,

so the molecules have more room to wander around

jadi molekul punya ruang untuk berkeliaran

without colliding into each other and creating heat.

tanpa bertabrakan antara satu sama lain dan menghasilkan panas.

Since the atmospheric pressure is a lot lower

Karena tekanan atmosfer lebih rendah

in high altitudes,

di ketinggian tinggi,

it would be freezing cold

rasanya dingin membeku

if you were flying above the clouds.

jika terbang di atas awan.

You'd need to wrap yourself up

Anda harus berpakaian tebal

to keep your core body temperature

untuk menjaga temperatur tubuh

above 95 degrees Fahrenheit,

di atas 35 derajat celcius.

otherwise you'd start shivering violently,

Kalau tidak, Anda akan menggigil

gradually becoming mentally confused

menjadi kebingungan perlahan

and eventually drop out of the sky

dan akhirnya jatuh dari langit

due to loss of muscle control

karena otot jadi lemah

from hypothermia!

akibat hipotermia.

Now, the Ideal Gas Law implies

Hukum gas ideal menyatakan

that as the pressure decreases,

ketika tekanan turun,

gas volume increases.

volume gas akan naik.

So, if you were to fly straight up too quickly,

Kalau Anda terbang lurus ke atas terlalu cepat,

gas lembam di dalam tubuh Anda akan memuai dengan cepat

the inert gas in your body would rapidly expand

the way soda fizzes up when shaken.

seperti soda yang habis dikocok.

The phenomenon is called "the bends,"

Fenomena ini disebut “bungkuk,”

decompression sickness,

sindrom dekompresi,

or "divers disease"

atau “penyakit para penyelam”

since deep sea scuba divers experience this

Karena penyelan scuba mengalami ini

when they come up too quickly.

kalau mereka terlalu cepat naik.

This results in pain,

Ini mengakibatkan kesakitan,

paralysis,

kelumpuhan,

or death,

bahkan kematian,

depending on how foamy your blood becomes.

bergantung pada seberapa berbusa darah anda.

Okay, well, let's say you want to fly

Oke, misal Anda ingin terbang

just a few meters above the ground

hanya beberapa meter di atas tanah,

Anda masih bisa melihat tanda jalan

where you can still see the road signs

and breath oxygen with ease.

dan bernapas dengan mudah.

You'll still need goggles and a helmet

Anda akan perlu kacamata dan helm

to protect you from birds,

untuk berlindung dari burung,

serangga,

insects,

street signs,

tanda jalan,

electrical wires,

kabel listrik,

and other flying humans,

dan penerbang lainnya,

including flying cops

termasuk polisi terbang

ready to hand you a ticket

yang siap memberi sanksi

if you don't follow the flying rules, buddy.

kalau Anda tidak menaati peraturan, Kawan.

Now remember, if you have a collision mid-air

Ingat, kalau bertabrakan di udara

that knocks you unconscious,

sampai tak sadarkan diri,

you would experience free fall

Anda akan terjun bebas

until you hit the ground.

sampai tanah.

Without society or the laws of physics,

Tanpa aturan dan hukum fisika,

flying would be a totally awesome ability to have.

terbang bisa menjadi kemampuan luar biasa.

But, even if we could all just float around

Tapi, bahkan kalau hanya melayang

a few feet above the ground

beberapa kaki

and only moving at a snail's pace,

dan bergerak lamban,

I'm telling you, it's still a cool ability that I'd want,

itu sudah cukup keren dan saya menginginkannya,

bagaimana dengan Anda?

wouldn't you?

Yeah, I thought so.

Ya, sudah kuduga.

Now, which superpower physics lesson

Setelah ini, pelajaran kekuatan super apa

will you explore next?

yang akan kau pelajari selanjutnya?

Shifting body size and content,

Mengubah ukuran dan isi tubuh,

super speed,

kecepatan super,

flight,

terbang,

super strength,

kekuatan super,

immortality,

keabadian,

and

dan

invisibility.

menghilang.