The function and fashion of eyeglasses | Small Thing Big Idea, a TED series

Transcriber: TED Translators admin Reviewer: Joanna Pietrulewicz

譯者: Yuwei Duan 審譯者: Lo Hsien Huang

I think that at the time,

我覺得當年

Catwoman had a really cool pair of glasses

貓女在電視劇《蝙蝠俠》系列中，

in the Batman series that was on television.

戴的眼鏡特別酷。

And I wanted to be cool like her.

而我想要變得和她一樣酷。

It didn't occur to me

但那時我並沒有意識到，

that glasses were really a medical device.

眼鏡其實是一種醫療器械。

(Small Thing.)

[小物件]

(Big Idea.)

[大構思]

When light rays reflect off an object

當光線在物體表面反射，

and enter the eye through the cornea,

通過角膜進入眼睛時，

your retina converts this light into electrical impulses

視網膜會把這道光 轉換成電脈衝，

that are sent to the brain,

傳遞到大腦，

which interprets the impulses

然後大腦會解讀電脈衝，

and allows you to understand what you're seeing.

讓你知道自己看到了什麽。

Eyeglasses help you see.

眼鏡能幫你看清世界。

The earliest forms of eye gear

最早的眼部裝備，

can be traced back 4,000 years.

可以追溯到 4000 年前。

Cultures that needed to adapt to climates that were snowy

爲了適應多雪氣候的族群，

created eye shields,

創造出了護目擋板，

and they were made of bone and animal hides.

由骨頭和動物皮製成，

They had small slits for people to see through,

能讓人透過小縫來看。

but no lenses.

但是沒有鏡片。

The first vision aid was called a reading stone

最早的助視器叫做「閲讀石」，

and was invented over 1,000 years ago.

1000 多年前就發明了。

It's not exactly clear who invented the first eyeglasses,

沒有人知道誰發明了最早的眼鏡，

but many people attribute it to the Italians.

但很多人將其歸功於義大利人。

Early versions of eyeglasses were called rivet spectacles.

早期的眼鏡被稱爲「鉚釘眼鏡」，

They were two magnifying glasses that were hinged together

就是兩個放大鏡

在鼻樑處用鉸鏈連接在一起。

at the bridge of the nose.

It took some time for eyeglasses to land

人們花了很久時間才摸索出

最適合的眼鏡設計。

on the perfect design.

They didn't really have sides,

起初眼鏡並沒有眼鏡腿，

which are also called temples, or arms,

鏡腿也被稱爲 「鏡腳」或「鏡臂」，

until about the 17th century.

這種設計延續到 17 世紀。

Modern-day eyeglasses feature a pair of rims

現代眼鏡有一對鏡圈，

that hold corrective lenses,

能固定視力矯正鏡片，

a bridge that connects the rims,

鼻樑，能銜接鏡圈。

sides that slide behind the ears,

鏡腿，是架在耳朵上的部分。

hinges that connect the sides to the frames,

鉸鏈，能把鏡腿連接到鏡圈上。

and on some glasses, a pair of temple tips

有的眼鏡上還有一對鏡腿套，

for behind the ear comfort.

讓耳朵更加舒適。

In American culture,

在美國文化中，

20th century cinema helped popularize eyeglasses.

20 世紀的電影讓眼鏡開始風靡。

Audiences would see glamorous actresses and actors

觀衆看到魅力四射的演員

donning glasses to take on a different persona.

戴上眼鏡彷彿變身另一個人。

Sometimes a pair of glasses became popularized

有時一副眼鏡的流行

by the actual person that was wearing them,

是因爲戴的那個人，

and then that personality trait

而那個人的性格特質，

was projected into the actual device.

投射到了眼鏡上。

You had the aviator glasses,

比如飛行員眼鏡，

which showed a forward-thinking,

彰顯了前衛的思維

adventurous type of person.

和富有冒險精神的個性。

Glasses with heavy frames signified intelligence

粗框眼鏡象徵著智慧

or nerdiness.

或者書呆子。

Wayfarers signified this kind of nerdy punk,

徒步旅行者眼鏡（Wayfarer） 則象徵書呆子龐克、

the outlaw, the misfit.

亡命之徒、異類。

Glasses have become so popular as a fashion device

眼鏡作爲一件時尚單品時，十分流行。

that some people actually don glasses

有些人甚至會戴上

without a prescription lens at all,

平光眼鏡，

because they want to portray a certain attribute about themselves.

因爲他們想爲自己營造出某種特質。

Glasses are a lifeline to people.

眼鏡對人們至關重要，

People that can't see well enough to drive,

那些因爲視力差而不能開車、

well enough to cook, well enough to read

無法做飯、無法閲讀的人，

rely on glasses for maintaining their lives.

依賴眼鏡來維持正常生活。

And there's lots of other objects in our society

在我們的社會中有很多其他東西，

that have been created

也被創造出來

to help overcome various physical obstacles.

幫助人們戰勝各種身體障礙。

And it's only the eyeglasses

然而只有眼鏡，

that have catapulted to that fashion statement.

成爲了時尚宣言。

Wouldn't it be wonderful if anything that we use,

如果我們使用的所有東西、

any device that we've invented to help our humanity

為幫助人類而發明出來的設備，

could also be elevated in the same way?

都能以同一種形式得到昇華， 那不是很美妙嗎？

(Upbeat music)