Every piece of art you've ever wanted to see -- up close and searchable | Amit Sood

譯者: Coco Shen 審譯者: 易帆 余

The world is filled with incredible objects

這個世界充滿了不可思議的事物

and rich cultural heritage.

和豐富的文化遺產。

And when we get access to them,

當我們嘗試去接近它們時

we are blown away, we fall in love.

我們會被它們震驚， 並愛上它們。

But most of the time,

但是大多數時候，

the world's population is living without real access to arts and culture.

世上的人幾乎無法 真正地接觸到藝術和文化。

What might the connections be when we start exploring our heritage,

當我們開始去探索人類的遺產、

欣賞世界上美麗的地區和藝術時， 會有甚麼連結產生呢？

the beautiful locations and the art in this world?

Before we get started in this presentation,

在我們開始演講前

I just want to take care of a few housekeeping points.

我想先澄清幾點，

First, I am no expert in art or culture.

第一，我不是藝術或文化的專家，

I fell into this by mistake, but I'm loving it.

我是意外地進入這個領域， 但是我深愛著它。

Secondly, all of what I'm going to show you

第二，我稍後要展示給 各位看的所有東西

belongs to the amazing museums, archives and foundations

都是屬於跟我們合作的偉大博物館、

that we partner with.

檔案館和基金會所擁有的。

None of this belongs to Google.

這些都不屬於谷歌的。

And finally, what you see behind me

最後，各位在我身後看到的這些東西，

is available right now on your mobile phones,

現在已經可以在手機

on your laptops.

和電腦上觀賞了。

This is our current platform, where you can explore

這是我們現有的平台， 你可以在這裏探索

thousands of museums and objects at your fingertips,

上千個博物館和作品， 只需要動動你的手指

in extremely high-definition detail.

就可以看到超高解晰度的作品細節。

The diversity of the content is what's amazing.

內容的多樣性是令人讚嘆的。

If we just had European paintings,

如果我們只有歐洲的畫作、

if we just had modern art,

如果我們只有現代藝術，

I think it gets a bit boring.

我覺得那就有點無聊了。

For example, this month, we launched the "Black History" channel

舉個例子，這個月， 我們開辦了《美國非裔歷史月》頻道

with 82 curated exhibitions,

策劃了 82 個展覽，

which talk about arts and culture in that community.

討論藝術和文化的相關內容。

We also have some amazing objects from Japan,

我們還有一些來自日本的精美展品

centered around craftsmanship, called "Made in Japan."

以工匠精神為核心 這個系列叫做《日本製造》。

And one of my favorite exhibitions,

這是我最喜歡的展覽之一

which actually is the idea of my talk,

也是我演講的主要思想。

is -- I didn't expect to become a fan of Japanese dolls.

我從沒想過我會成為 日本玩偶的粉絲。

But I am, thanks to this exhibition,

但是我是，要感謝這個展覽

that has really taught me about the craftsmanship

它真正教會了我懂得如何欣賞

behind the soul of a Japanese doll.

這些日本玩偶背後的工匠精神。

Trust me, it's very exciting.

相信我，非常令人興奮。

Take my word for it.

我保證。

So, moving on swiftly.

接下來，

One quick thing I wanted to showcase in this platform,

我想要快速地示範 一樣平台上的東西，

which you can share with your kids and your friends right now,

讓你可以馬上和你的孩子， 和你的朋友分享，

is you can travel to all these amazing institutions virtually, as well.

讓你們也可以真正地 穿梭在這些美麗的展館之中。

One of our recent ideas was with The Guggenheim Museum in New York,

我們最近的一個想法是和 紐約的古根漢博物館合作，

where you can get a taste of what it might feel like

你可以體驗到一種

to actually be there.

身臨其境的感覺。

You can go to the ground floor

你可以走進它們的大廳

and obviously, most of you, I assume, have been there.

很顯然，我想你們大部分人， 都曾經來過這裡。

And you can see the architectural masterpiece that it is.

你可以在這裏看見 什麼叫大師級的建築。

But imagine this accessibility for a kid in Bombay

但是想像一下， 一個在孟買的孩子

who's studying architecture,

他正在學習建築，

who hasn't had a chance to go to The Guggenheim as yet.

但是他現在沒有機會 去古根漢博物館，

You can obviously look at objects in the Guggenheim Museum,

你可以很輕鬆地瀏覽 在古根漢博物館的藏品，

you can obviously get into them and so on and so forth.

你可以輕易地走近這些藏品，等等。

There's a lot of information here.

這裡還有許多藏品信息。

But this is not the purpose of my talk today.

但是這不是我今天演講的目的。

This exists right now.

這已經存在了。

What we now have are the building blocks to a very exciting future,

我們正在構建一些板塊 讓平台擁有精彩的未來，

when it comes to arts and culture

讓藝術和文化可以更好地

and accessibility to arts and culture.

被接受和研究。

So I am joined today onstage by my good friend and artist in residence

所以今天我和巴黎駐市藝術家 我的好朋友

at our office in Paris, Cyril Diagne,

西里爾·迪亞涅，同台為您展示，

who is the professor of interactive design

西里爾·迪亞涅同時也是

at ECAL University in Lausanne, Switzerland.

瑞士洛桑 ECAL 大學 互動設計系的教授。

What Cyril and our team of engineers have been doing

西里爾和我們團隊的工程師 一直在做的就是

is trying to find these connections and visualize a few of these.

嘗試去尋找這些關聯性， 然後把一些視覺化出來。

So I'm going to go quite quick now.

我現在會講得快一點，

This object you see behind me -- oh, just clarification:

大家可以看到我背後的作品 對了，我澄清一下：

Always, seeing the real thing is better.

親自去看真品還是比較好的。

In case people think I'm trying to replicate the real thing.

避免大家認為 我在嘗試複製真跡。

So, moving on.

我們繼續。

This object you see behind me is the Venus of Berekhat Ram.

這項作品是 色列貝列卡特拉姆的維納斯，

It's one of the oldest objects in the world,

這是世界上最古老的藝術品之一，

found in the Golan Heights around 233,000 years ago,

發現於 23 萬年前的戈蘭高地，

and currently residing at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem.

現在保存在耶路撒冷的 以色列博物館中。

It is also one of the oldest objects on our platform.

這也是我們平台上 最古老的文物之一。

So let's zoom.

讓我們放大來看。

We start from this one object.

我們從這個作品開始欣賞。

What if we zoomed out

如果我們把它縮放成一點，

and actually tried to experience our own cultural big bang?

然後試著去體驗文化的大爆炸 我們會有什麼感受呢？

What might that look like?

會是什麼樣的體驗呢？

This is what we deal with on a daily basis at the Cultural Institute --

這就是我們每天在 文化中心所做的事情——

over six million cultural artifacts curated and given to us by institutions,

我們讓超過六百萬 來自世界各地的文化藝術品

to actually make these connections.

彼此產生聯結。

You can travel through time,

你可以穿梭時空

you can understand more about our society through these.

你可以透過這些 更瞭解我們的社會。

You can look at it from the perspective of our planet,

你可以從我們星球的角度來觀賞它，

and try to see how it might look without borders,

嘗試在沒有界限的限制下， 如果我們把藝術和文化組織起來，

if we just organized art and culture.

文化和藝術看起來會變成怎樣。

We can also then plot it by time,

我們也可以依照時間來探索，

which obviously, for the data geek in me, is very fascinating.

很明顯地，對我這個數據專家而言， 這令人相當驚豔。

You can spend hours looking at every decade

你可以花數小時研究，

and the contributions in that decade and in those years

在這些年代中，每十年之間 藝術、歷史和文化

for art, history and cultures.

所做出的貢獻。

We would love to spend hours showing you each and every decade,

我們很想花幾個小時 來為各位展示每十年的變化，

but we don't have the time right now.

不過我們現在沒有時間。

So you can go on your phone and actually do it yourself.

各位可以在自己的手機上 慢慢地觀賞。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

But if you don't mind and can hold your applause till later,

但是如果你們不介意的話， 請把掌聲留到最後，

I don't want to run out of time,

我不想超過時間

because I want to show you a lot of cool stuff.

因為我還有很多很酷的東西 想要展示給各位看。

So, just very quickly:

我們繼續快速地介紹：

you can move on from here to another very interesting idea.

你可以從這裡衍伸出 另一個很有趣的想法。

Beyond the pretty picture,

在這些美麗的圖片

beyond the nice visualization,

及精美的視覺化方案背後

what is the purpose, how is this useful?

有什麼目的？ 它有什麼實用性的地方？

This next idea comes from discussions with curators

下一個想法，出自於我們在博物館

與策展人的討論，

that we've been having at museums,

who, by the way, I've fallen in love with,

順便說一句，我也很愛他們，

because they dedicate their whole life to try to tell these stories.

因為他們奉獻了他們的一生， 嘗試地講述這些故事給我們聽。

One of the curators told me, "Amit, what would it be like

其中一位策展人告訴我： 「阿米特，

如果可以做個虛擬的策展人檔案

if you could create a virtual curator's table

where all these six million objects

讓六百萬展品可以 同時呈現在我們眼前，

are displayed in a way for us to look at the connections between them?"

讓我們看到它們 彼此的關聯性，那會怎樣？」

You can spend a lot of time, trust me, looking at different objects

相信我，你會花上很長的時間 觀賞不同的作品

and understanding where they come from.

並瞭解它們來自於何處。

It's a crazy Matrix experience.

就像《駭客任務》電影 裡面的經歷一樣。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Just moving on,

繼續話題。

let's take the world-famous Vincent Van Gogh,

我們拿世界著名的梵谷為例，

who is very well-represented on this platform.

他的作品是 這個平台上的優秀代表

Thanks to the diversity of the institutions we have,

感謝我們有多樣性的不同機構，

we have over 211 high-definition, amazing artworks by this artist,

我們有超過 211 幅這位藝術家的 高解析度珍貴作品，

now organized in one beautiful view.

有組織地排成了美麗的景觀。

And as it resolves, and as Cyril goes deeper,

隨著西里爾分解及深入放大，

you can see all the self-portraits,

你可以看到所有的自畫像

you can see still life.

可以看到靜物寫生。

But I just wanted to highlight one very quick example,

但是我想快速地舉一個例子

which is very timely:

在這裡說很合適

"The Bedroom."

《臥室》

This is an artwork where three copies exist --

這幅作品有三個版本：

one at the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam,

一幅在阿姆斯特丹的梵谷博物館

one at the Orsay in Paris

一幅在巴黎的奧賽美術館

and one at the Art Institute of Chicago,

還有一幅在芝加哥的藝術中心

which, actually, currently is hosting a reunion

實際上芝加哥藝術中心現在 把三副作品

of all three artworks physically,

重新放在一起展覽，

I think only for the second time ever.

這是有史以來的第二次。

But, it is united digitally and virtually for anybody to look at

但實際上在這裡， 它們已經數位化，虛擬化地重聚

in a very different way,

任何人都可以 用不同的方式來欣賞，

and you won't get pushed in the line in the crowd.

而且你不用擔心 排隊觀看時的擁擠。

So let's take you and let's travel through "The Bedroom" very quickly,

所以讓我們一起快速瀏覽 《臥室》這幅作品，

so you can experience what we are doing for every single object.

你們可以感受我們在 每一幅作品上所做的努力

We want the image to speak as much as it can

我們希望這幅圖片 可以在一個數位平台上

on a digital platform.

盡可能完整地講述它的故事。

And all you need is an internet connection and a computer

你需要的只是網絡連接 和一台電腦。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And, Cyril, if you can go deeper, quickly.

西里爾請你再深入一點，快一點。

I'm sorry, this is all live,

不好意思這是現場演示

so you have to give Cyril a little bit of --

希望各位給西里爾一些時間——

and this is available for every object:

每一個作品都可以這樣操作：

modern art, contemporary art, Renaissance -- you name it,

無論是現代藝術，當代藝術 還是文藝復興藝術品——你想得到的都可以，

even sculpture.

甚至雕塑也可以。

Sometimes, you don't know what can attract you

有的時候你真的不知道是什麼原因吸引你 去欣賞一幅藝術作品、

to an artwork or to a museum or to a cultural discovery.

去參觀一座博物館 或進行一次文化之旅。

So for me, personally, it was quite a challenge

所以，對我來說 這確實是一個挑戰，

because when I decided to make this my full-time job at Google,

因為當我決定在谷歌 全職從事這個工作的時候，

my mother was not very supportive.

我媽媽並不是很支持。

I love my mother,

我愛我的媽媽，

but she thought I was wasting my life with this museum stuff.

但是她認為我從事博物館相關的工作 是在浪費生命。

And for her, a museum is what you do when you go on vacation

對她來說，參觀博物館 就是放假時候才會做的事情，

and you tick-mark and it's over, right?

打一下卡就走人，對吧？

And it took around four and a half years

我用了大概四年半的時間

for me to convince my lovely Indian mother

說服我可愛的印度母親，

that actually, this is worthwhile.

告訴她，這真的是值得的。

And the way I did it was, I realized one day that she loves gold.

我用的辦法是， 有一天我發現她喜歡黃金。

So I started showing her all objects that have the material gold in them.

我就開始把黃金製成的作品 展示給她看。

And the first thing my mom asks me is,

我媽媽問我的第一句話是：

"How can we buy these?"

「我們要去哪裡買這些東西？」

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And obviously, my salary is not that high,

很明顯地，我的工資沒有那麼高，

so I was like, "We can't actually do that, mom.

所以，我說：「媽媽我們買不了。

But you can explore them virtually."

但是你可以虛擬地探索它們。」

And so now my mom -- every time I meet her, she asks me,

所以現在每次遇見媽媽， 她都會問我：

"Any more gold, any more silver in your project? Can you show me?"

「你的專案裡還有別的 金銀做的作品嗎？能給我看看嗎？」

And that's the idea I'm trying to illustrate.

這就是我想解釋的觀點。

It does not matter how you get in,

你怎麼接觸這些藝術品並不重要，

as long as you get in.

只要你接觸了這些藝術品

Once you get in, you're hooked.

只要你開始瞭解 你就會被吸引。

Moving on from here very quickly,

說完這個

there is kind of a playful idea, actually,

其實有一個很好玩的想法，

to illustrate the point of access,

來闡述如何接觸 （這些藝術）的觀點，

and I'm going to go quite quickly on this one.

我會很快的帶過。

We all know that seeing the artwork in person is amazing.

我們都知道親自去看 這些藝術作品是很棒的。

But we also know that most of us can't do it,

但是我們也知道 我們中的大部分沒有辦法去，

and the ones that can afford to do it, it's complicated.

有的人承擔不起費用， 這很複雜。

So -- Cyril, can we load up our art trip, what do we call it?

所以，西里爾你可以上傳我們的藝術之旅嗎？ 我們怎麼稱呼這個？

We don't have a good name for this.

我們還沒有一個 好的名字來稱呼它。

But essentially, we have around 1,000 amazing institutions,

但本質上，我們有來自 68 個國家、

68 countries.

1000 個偉大的機構。

But let's start with Rembrandt.

但我們先從倫勃朗的作品開始。

We might have time for only one example.

我們也許只有舉一個例子的時間。

But thanks to the diversity,

但感謝這些作品的多樣性，

we've got around 500 amazing Rembrandt object artworks

我們收集了來自 17 個國家、

from 46 institutions and 17 countries.

46 個組織 500 件偉大的 伯倫朗藝術品。

Let's say that on your next vacation,

比如說，在你的下次放假的時候，

you want to go see every single one of them.

你想去看看每一個藝術品，

That is your itinerary,

你這趟旅程，

you will probably travel 53,000 kilometers,

我想，你大概要飛 53000 公里、

visit around, I think, 46 institutions,

參觀 46 個機構才能看完。

and just FYI, you might release 10 tons of CO2 emissions.

另外，供你參考一下， 您可能會釋放 10 噸二氧化碳。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

But remember, it's art,

但是請記住，這是藝術，

so you can justify it, perhaps, in some way.

所以從某種角度說 這樣做也說得過去。

Moving on swiftly from here,

繼續下一個話題，

is something a little bit more technical and more interesting.

這個話題，更專業也更有趣。

All that we've shown you so far uses metadata to make the connections.

目前我們展示的 是利用元數據產生聯繫。

But obviously we have something cool nowadays

但很明顯地，我們現在有很棒的東西

that everyone likes to talk about, which is machine learning.

每個人都喜歡討論這個領域 ——機器學習。

So what we thought is, let's strip out all the metadata,

所以，我們的想法是 把全部的元數據拆散掉，

let's look at what machine learning can do

看一下如果機器學習 僅依靠視覺辨認方式

based purely on visual recognition of this entire collection.

來排列全部的作品， 那會變成怎樣。

What we ended up with is this very interesting map,

我們創造了這個非常有趣的地圖

these clusters that have no reference point information,

這些集群沒有參考點信息

but has just used visuals to cluster things together.

僅僅依靠視覺外觀聯繫在一起。

Each cluster is an art to us by itself of discovery.

每一個集群本身的變化， 對我們來說就是一件藝術。

But one of the clusters we want to show you very quickly

其中我們想展示給大家的一個集群

is this amazing cluster of portraits

是全世界博物館中

that we found from museums around the world.

精采的畫像集群。

If you could zoom in a little bit more, Cyril.

西里爾，如果你可以再放大一點。

Just to show you, you can just travel through portraits.

如各位所見 你可以在畫像中徜徉。

And essentially, you can do nature, you can do horses

本質上，你可以尋找與自然相關 或與馬相關的

and clusters galore.

這裡有大量的集群。

When we saw all these portraits,

當我們看著這些畫像時，

we were like, "Hey, can we do something fun for kids,

我們在想：「嘿，我們可不可以 為孩子做一些有趣的東西？

or can we do something playful

或者做一些好玩的東西

to get people interested in portraits?"

讓人們對畫像更有興趣？」

Because I haven't really seen

因為我真的沒見過

young kids really excited to go to a portrait gallery.

去畫廊真的會很興奮的孩子。

I wanted to try to figure something out.

我們想創造點什麼。

So we created something called the portrait matcher.

最後我們開發了畫像配對功能。

It's quite self-explanatory,

這個功能很好理解，

so I'm just going to let Cyril show his beautiful face.

我只需要西里爾 展示一下他帥氣的臉龐。

And essentially what's happening is, with the movement of his head,

基本上，隨著他頭部的移動

we are matching different portraits around the world from museums.

世界各地博物館的畫像 就可以與之匹配。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And I don't know about you,

我不知道各位感覺如何，

but I've shown it to my nephew and sister,

但當我展示給我的外甥 和妹妹看的時候，

and the reaction is just phenomenal.

他們開心地不得了。

All they ask me is, "When can we go see this?"

他們都在問我： 「什麼時候我們可以去參觀這個？」

And by the way, if we're nice,

順便提一句 如果我們開心點，

maybe, Cyril, you can smile and find a happy one?

西里爾，你可以笑一下 找一張開心點的？

Oh, perfect.

噢，太完美了。

By the way, this is not rehearsed.

我們事先沒有綵排過。

Congrats, Cyril. Great stuff. Oh wow.

恭喜你，西里爾，幹得不錯

OK, let's move on; otherwise, this will just take the whole time.

我們繼續；不然， 這個東西會玩上一天。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So, art and culture can be fun also, right?

所以藝術和文化 也可以很有意思，對吧？

For our last quick experiment --

最後一個小實驗——

we call all of these "experiments" --

我們管這些叫做「實驗」——

our last quick experiment comes back to machine learning.

最後一個實驗 回到了機器學習部分。

We show you clusters, visual clusters,

我們向各位展示了集群、視覺集群

but what if we could ask the machine to also name these clusters?

如果我們讓電腦命名這些集群 會發生什麼？

What if it could automatically tag them, using no actual metadata?

不使用元數據的情況下 電腦可以自動為集群打上標籤嗎？

So what we have is this kind of explorer,

所以我們有了這樣一個瀏覽器，

where we have managed to match, I think, around 4,000 labels.

電腦為我們做了 4000 個標籤。

And we haven't really done anything special here,

我們其實沒有做什麼特別的，

just fed the collection.

只是提供了所有的收藏作品。

And we found interesting categories.

我們發現了很多有趣的分類。

We can start with horses, a very straightforward category.

我們可以從馬開始 這是很直接的分類。

You would expect to see that the machine has put

可以想像電腦裡面 都是馬的照片，

images of horses, right?

對吧？

And it has, but you also notice, right over there,

沒錯，但是如果仔細看這邊

that it has a very abstract image

這裡也有一些抽象的圖

that it has still managed to recognize and cluster as horses.

電腦認定也屬於馬的分類。

We also have an amazing head in terms of a horse.

我們也有以馬為標題的 的漂亮圖片，

And each one has the tags as to why it got categorized in this.

每一個圖片都有標籤 這說明了為什麼它被這樣分類。

So let's move to another one which I found very funny and interesting,

那麼我們繼續看一個 我覺得很有趣的例子，

because I don't understand how this category came up.

因為我不知道這個分類怎麼來的。

It's called "Lady in Waiting."

分類叫做《 等待的女人》

If, Cyril, you do it very quickly,

西里爾請加快速度，

you will see that we have these amazing images

你們可以看到這些精采的圖片

of ladies, I guess, in waiting or posing.

都是關於在等待 或在擺姿勢的女人。

I don't really understand it.

我確實無法理解。

But I've been trying to ask my museum contacts,

但是我一直在嘗試 問博物館的聯繫人

you know, "What is this? What's going on here?"

「這是什麼？ 這張圖裡發生了什麼事？」

And it's fascinating.

的確令人相當著迷。

Coming back to gold very quickly,

快速地回到金子，

I wanted to search for gold

我想要尋找金子

and see how the machine tagged all the gold.

然後看看電腦如何給金子 打上標籤。

But, actually, it doesn't tag it as gold.

但是實際上電腦沒有 把它標示為金子。

We are living in popular times.

我們生活在一個流行的時代，

It tags it as "bling-bling."

它打的標籤是《閃閃動人》

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

I'm being hard on Cyril, because I'm moving too fast.

我一直在為難西里爾， 因為我講的太快了。

Essentially, here you have all the bling-bling

現在你可以看到

of the world's museums organized for you.

世界上的博物館為您提供的 所有「閃閃動人」的東西。

And finally, to end this talk and these experiments,

最後，希望各位在 聽完這次演講後

what I hope you feel after this talk is happiness and emotion.

可以感到幸福和感動。

And what would we see when we see happiness?

然後當我們感到幸福的時候 我們會看到什麼？

If we actually look at all the objects

如果你看完這些

that have been tagged under "happiness,"

被標示著「幸福」的藝術品，

you would expect happiness, I guess.

我猜你也會感到幸福。

But there was one that came up that was very fascinating and interesting,

但是有一個作品 很吸引人也很有趣，

which was this artwork by Douglas Coupland,

由我們的朋友，也是當地藝術家

our friend and artist in residence as well,

道格拉斯·庫普蘭所創做的。

called, "I Miss My Pre-Internet Brain."

叫做，《我懷念我網路世代前的大腦》

I don't know why the machine feels like it misses its pre-Internet brain

我不知道為什麼電腦 會想念它自己網路世代前的大腦，

and it's been tagged here,

也不知道為什麼 它會被標記在這裡，

but it's a very interesting thought.

但這個想法很有意思。

I sometimes do miss my pre-Internet brain,

有的時候我也很懷念 我網路世代之前的大腦，

but not when it comes to exploring arts and culture online.

但當我在網路上探索藝術和文化時， 我就不想了。

So take out your phones, take out your computers,

所以，拿出你的手機和電腦

go visit museums.

去參觀博物館吧。

And just a quick call-out to all the amazing archivists,

這就像那些坐在博物館中 保存這些歷史的檔案管理員、

historians, curators,

歷史學家或策展人

who are sitting in museums, preserving all this culture.

正為您上門服務。

And the least we can do is get our daily dose of art and culture

至少我們可以讓 我們自己和我們的後代

for ourselves and our kids.

每天增長一點藝術文化知識。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）