Johanna Figueira: Simple, effective tech to connect communities in crisis | TED

翻译人员: Jiasi Hao 校对人员: Wanting Zhong

I'm an immigrant from Venezuela,

我是一名来自委内瑞拉的移民，

and I've lived in the US for six years.

在美国已经住了 6 年。

If you ask me about my life as an expatriate,

如果你问起我的侨民生活，

I would say that I've been lucky.

我会说我一直很幸运，

But it hasn't been easy.

但一路上没有那么轻松。

Growing up, I never thought that I was going to leave my homeland.

长大时，我从未想过 会离开我的祖国。

I participated in my first student protest in 2007,

2007 年，总统下令关闭 我们最重要的新闻网络之一时，

when the president shut down one of the most important news networks.

我参加了人生中的第一次 学生示威游行活动。

I was getting my bachelor's degree in communications,

当时我就读于 传播学本科项目，

and that was the first time I realized I couldn't take free speech for granted.

那时也是我第一次意识到， 我不能视自由言论为理所当然。

We knew things were getting bad, but we never saw what was coming:

我们知道情况正在恶化， 却从未料想过这样的未来：

an economic crisis, infrastructure breaking down,

一场经济危机， 基础设施崩溃，

citywide electrical blackouts,

全市电力中断，

the decline of public health care and shortage of medicines,

公共医疗的衰退 以及药品短缺，

disease outbreaks and starvation.

还有疾病爆发和饥荒。

I moved to Canada with my husband in 2013,

我在 2013 年和丈夫一起 搬去了加拿大，

and we always thought we'd move back home when the crisis improved.

我们一直觉得自己会在 危机好转之后搬回家。

But we never did.

但我们再也没有回去。

Nearly all my childhood friends have left the country,

我几乎所有的儿时朋友 都已经离开了委内瑞拉，

but my parents are still there.

但我的父母还留在那里。

There have been moments where I've called my mom,

我有好几次打电话 给我妈的时候，

and I could hear people screaming and crying in the background

都能听到背景里 人们的尖叫和哭声，

as teargas bombs exploded in the streets.

和催泪弹在街上的爆炸声。

And my mom, as if I couldn't hear it, would always tell me,

然而，仿佛我听不到 那些声音一样，

我妈总会告诉我：

(Speaking Spanish)

（西语）

"We're fine, don't worry."

“我们没事，别担心。”

But of course, I worry.

但我当然很担心。

It's my parents, and I'm 4,000 miles away.

他们是我的父母， 而我在两千公里开外。

Today, I'm just one of more than four million Venezuelans

如今，我只是超过 400 万名背井离乡的

who have left their home country.

委内瑞拉人中的一员。

A lot of my friends are Venezuelan immigrants,

我的很多朋友 都是委内瑞拉的移民，

and in the last few years,

而在过去几年，

we've begun talking about how we could make a difference

我们开始讨论 客居远方的我们

能如何改变现状。

when we live so far away.

That is how Code for Venezuela was born in 2019.

这也是 “为委内瑞拉编程” （Code for Venezuela）

如何在 2019 年诞生的。

它起源于一场黑客松（编程马拉松）， 因为我们都是科技领域专家，

It began with a hackathon, because we are experts in tech,

and we thought we could use our tech skills

而且我们认为，我们可以 利用自己的科技技能，

来为委内瑞拉国内的人 创造解决方案。

to create solutions for people on the ground.

But first, we needed to find some experts actually living inside Venezuela

但首先，我们需要联系到 一些居住在委内瑞拉境内的专家

to guide us.

来指引我们。

We'd see so many other hackathons

我们看到许多其它黑客松中

that came up with wily, ambitious, incredible technological solutions

诞生了机巧又雄心勃勃的、 令人惊叹的技术解决方案，

that sounded great in theory but ultimately failed to work

它们从理论上听起来极佳，

最终却无法在意图帮助的 现实国家中成功实行。

in the actual countries they were intended to help.

我们当中的很多人 已经在国外居住多年，

Many of us have been living abroad for years,

and we are detached from the day-to-day problems

对于居住在委内瑞拉的人们 日常面临的问题，

that people are facing in Venezuela.

我们一无所知、早已脱节。

So we turned to the experts actually living inside of the country.

所以我们转向寻求 居住于国内的专家的帮助。

For example, Julio Castro,

例如，朱利奥 · 卡斯特罗 （Julio Castro），

a doctor and one of the leaders of Médicos por la Salud.

他是一名医生，也是 健康医生组织的领袖之一。

When the government stopped publishing official health care data in 2015,

当政府于 2015 年 停止发布官方的医疗数据时，

Dr. Julio began collecting information himself,

朱利奥博士开始 自己收集这些信息，

使用一种非正式但协调的

using an informal but coordinated system

of cell phone communications.

手机通讯系统。

They track available personnel, medical supplies, mortality data,

他们追踪可用人员、 医疗物资、死亡率数据，

disease outbreaks;

和疾病爆发，

compile it into a report;

将其编写成报告，

and then share that on Twitter.

之后在推特上分享。

He became our go-to expert on health care in Venezuela.

他变成了我们首要的 委内瑞拉医疗专家。

Luis Carlos Díaz,

路易斯 · 卡洛斯 · 迪亚兹 （Luis Carlos Díaz），

a widely recognized journalist who reports acts of censorship

一位大名鼎鼎的记者， 专门报导审查行为

and human rights violations suffered by the people of Venezuela,

以及委内瑞拉人民 遭受的人权侵犯，

he helps us make sense of what is happening there,

在新闻媒体受到 政府控制的情况下，

since the news is controlled by the government.

他能帮助我们了解 当地正在发生的事情。

We call these people our heroes on the ground.

我们把这些人称作 “民间的英雄”。

With their expert advice, we came up with a series of challenges

在他们专业建议的帮助下，

我们为黑客松参与者 准备了一系列挑战。

for hackathon participants.

在第一场黑客马拉松里，

In that first hackathon, we had 300 participants

有来自 7 个国家的 300 名参与者，

from seven countries

come up with 16 different project submissions.

总共提交了 16 种不同的项目。

We picked the projects with the most potential

我们挑选出了最具潜能的项目，

and continued working on them after the event.

在活动结束后 继续对其进行开发。

Today, I'll share two of our most successful projects

今天，我将会分享 我们最成功的两个项目，

to give you a taste of the impact we are having so far.

给大家展示一下目前的成果。

They're called MediTweet and Blackout Tracker.

这两个项目叫 MediTweet （医疗推特） 和 Blackout Tracker（停电跟踪系统）。

MediTweet 是一个智能的 推特机器人程序（bot），

MediTweet is an intelligent Twitter bot

that helps Venezuelans find the medicine they need.

它能帮助委内瑞拉的人们 找到他们需要的药品。

现在，在委内瑞拉，

Right now in Venezuela,

如果你生病了，去医院看病，

if you get sick and you go to a hospital,

there is a good chance they won't have the right medical supplies to treat you.

医院很有可能没有合适的 医疗设备给你治病。

The situation is so bad

这个情况已经糟糕到

that patients often get a "shopping list" from the doctor

病人们通常会从医生那里 拿到“购物清单”，

instead of a prescription.

而非处方。

我本人也亲身经历过这种需求。

I live the need for this firsthand.

My mom was diagnosed with cancer in 2015.

我妈在 2015 年确诊了癌症。

She needed to have a lumbar puncture

她需要进行腰椎穿刺

来获得最终的诊断和治疗计划。

to get a final diagnosis and treatment plan.

But the needle for this procedure wasn't available.

但是医院没有做腰椎穿刺的针。

I was in Venezuela at that time,

我当时还在委内瑞拉，

and I was seeing my mom getting worse in front of me every day.

我亲眼看着我妈的身体每况愈下。

After looking everywhere, we found the needle in a site

在到处寻找后， 我们在一个网站上找到了针，

that is like the eBay of Latin America.

这个网站就像是 拉丁美洲的淘宝。

I met the seller in a local bakery,

我和卖家在当地的 一家面包房碰面，

and it was like buying something on the black market.

就像在进行黑市交易一样。

My mom brought the needle to her doctor, and he did the procedure.

我妈把那根针带给医生， 医生为她进行了穿刺。

Without this, she could have died.

没有这根针，她可能挺不到现在。

But it's not just medical supplies,

但这情况不仅限于医疗设备，

it's medicines, too.

药品亦然。

When she was first diagnosed,

在我妈刚确诊时，

we bought her treatment in a state pharmacy,

我们在国家药店给她买药，

and it was, like, practically free.

几乎是免费的。

But then the state pharmacy ran out,

但之后，国家药店没有货了，

and we still had six months of treatment ahead.

那时我们还剩 6 个月的疗程。

Six months of treatment ahead.

整整 6 个月的疗程。

我们在网上买了一些药， 其余是在墨西哥买到的。

We bought some medicines online and the rest in Mexico.

Now she's in her third year of remission,

现在我妈已进入缓解期第三年，

and every time that I call,

我每次打电话，

she tells me, "I'm fine, don't worry."

她都告诉我： ”我没事，别担心。“

But not everyone can afford to leave the country,

但不是每个人都 有钱离开家乡，

and many aren't healthy enough to travel.

还有很多人身体 状况欠佳，无法出行。

That is why people turn to Twitter,

这就是为什么人们会转向推特，

buying and selling medicines using the hashtag #ServicioPublico,

利用话题标签 #ServicioPublico （意为：公共服务）

meaning "public service."

来买卖药品。

Our Twitter bot scans Twitter for the hashtag #ServicioPublico

我们的推特聊天机器人 可以浏览此话题标签下的内容，

and connects users who are asking for specific medicines

并帮助正在寻找特定药物的用户

with those who are selling their private leftovers.

联系上想卖掉自用后 剩余药品的用户。

We also pool the location data of those Twitter users

我们也把那些推特用户的 位置信息收集起来，

and use it for a visualization tool.

用于一种可视化工具。

It gives local organizations like Médicos por la Salud

它能为诸如健康医生组织的 当地组织提供信息，

a sense of where they have a shortage.

告诉他们哪里存在短缺。

We can also apply machine learning algorithms

我们也可以应用机器学习算法

to detect clusters of disease.

来探测疾病频发地点。

If they've received humanitarian aid,

如果他们已经获得了 人道主义援助，

this could help them to make better decisions

这能帮助他们做出 关于物资分配的

about the distributions of the supplies.

更佳决策。

Our second project, is called Blackout Tracker.

我们的第二个项目 是 Blackout Tracker。

委内瑞拉近期正在经历 一场电力危机。

Venezuela is currently going through an electricity crisis.

Last year, Venezuela suffered what some people consider

去年，委内瑞拉遭受了 一些人认为是

国内历史上最糟糕的一次停电。

the worst power failures in Venezuelan history.

I had two long days without communication with my parents.

整整两天，我无法联系上我父母。

有的城市每天都在停电。

Some cities experienced blackouts every day.

但你只能从社交媒体上知道这些事，

But you only know about this on social media.

The government won't report blackouts on the news.

政府根本不会在新闻上 报道关于停电的情况。

When the power goes out,

停电发生的时候，

many Venezuelans, we quickly tweet out the location with the hashtag #SinLuz,

许多委内瑞拉人会在手机没电之前 快速发推表明位置，

meaning "without electricity,"

并打上话题标签 #SinLuz （意为“没有电力”）

before their phones ran out of battery,

so people around the country know what is happening.

以便让全国人民知道 正在发生什么。

Like MediTweet,

和 MediTweet 一样，

Blackout Tracker 浏览推特上 #SinLuz 话题标签下的内容，

Blackout Tracker scans Twitter for the hashtag #SinLuz

and creates a map using the location data of those users.

并使用那些用户的 位置数据制作地图。

You can quickly see

你能快速看到

where the blackouts are happening today

今天在哪里发生了停电，

and how many blackouts have happened over time.

在一段时间内总共 发生了多少次停电。

People want to know what is happening,

人们想要知道现在正发生什么，

and this is our answer.

而这就是我们的答案。

But it's also a way of holding the government accountable.

但这也是让政府 承担责任的一种方式。

It's easy for them to deny that the problem exists

他们想否认问题存在 或者找借口

都轻而易举，

or make excuses,

because there is no official data on it.

因为针对这些问题 没有官方数据。

Blackout Tracker shows how bad the problem really is.

Blackout Tracker 揭示了问题的严重性。

硅谷的一些人 可能会看着这些项目

Now, some people in Silicon Valley may look at these projects

and say that there are no major technological innovations.

说这里面没有 什么重大的技术创新。

But that is the point.

但这才是重点。

These projects are not insanely advanced,

尽管这些项目并非极其高级，

but it's what the people of Venezuela need,

但它们正是委内瑞拉 人民所需要的，

and they can have a tremendous impact.

并能带来巨大的影响。

Beyond these projects, perhaps our most significant accomplishment

除了这些项目， 我们最大的成就可能就是

is that a movement has been created,

创造了一个运动，

让世界人民聚集起来， 运用他们的专业技能

one where people around the world are coming together

to use their professional skills to create solutions for the people of Venezuela.

共同为委内瑞拉的人民 创造解决方案。

And because we are partnering with locals,

同时因为我们和当地人合作，

we are creating the solutions that people want and need.

我们创造的是当地人民 想要且需要的解决方案。

What is so great about this

这样做的最大好处

is that we are using our professional skills,

是我们在利用自己的专业技能，

因此可以轻松自然地 实现这一目标。

so it comes easily and naturally.

It's not that hard for us to make a difference.

促成改变对我们来说并不困难。

If someone from San Francisco

如果一个旧金山的人

were to hire professionals to create solutions

想要雇佣专业人士

like MediTweet or Blackout Tracker,

来创造诸如 MediTweet 和 Blackout Tracker 这样的解决方案，

it would cost a small fortune.

将会花费不少的费用。

By donating our services,

通过捐赠我们的服务，

we are making a bigger impact than if we were just to donate money.

和仅仅捐钱相比， 我们正在发挥更大的影响。

And you can do the same thing --

你也可以做同样的事情——

not in Venezuela, necessarily,

不一定在委内瑞拉，

but in your own community.

而是在你自己的社区中。

In a world that is more connected than ever,

在这个比以往都更 紧密联系的世界中，

我们仍然能看到专业化社区 如何在孤立或“孤岛”中生活。

we still see how specialized communities can be living isolated or in silos.

There are so many great ways to help,

有很多提供帮助的好方法，

但我相信，你能使用自己的专业技能

but I believe that you can use your professional skills

为多样的社区搭建联系的桥梁，

to connect diverse communities and create effective solutions

并通过这些关系 创建有效的解决方案。

through those relationships.

Anyone with knowledge and professional skills

任何一个拥有 知识和专业技能的人

has a powerful force to bring hope to a community.

都有一股强大力量， 能把希望带入社区。

For us at Code for Venezuela,

对于 Code for Venezuela 的我们，

this is just the beginning.

这只是一个开始。

Thank you.

谢谢。

（掌声）

(Applause)