Why you should be a climate activist | Luisa Neubauer

翻译人员: Harper Chang 校对人员: Nan Yang

I never planned to become a climate activist.

我从没打算成为气候活动者。

But things have changed,

但情况有变，

and now, standing here as a climate activist,

现在，我作为气候活动者站在这里，

I ask you all to become one, too.

并请求大家也成为其中的一员。

Here's why,

接下来是为什么，

and most importantly, how.

以及最重要的，怎么做。

Ten years ago, when I was 13 years old,

十年前，我十三岁的时候，

I first learned about the greenhouse effect.

第一次听说温室效应。

Back then, we spent 90 minutes on this issue,

当时，我们在这个问题上 只花了九十分钟，

and I remember finding it quite irritating

我记得特别生气，

that something so fundamental

因为这么重大的问题，

would be squeezed into a single geography lesson.

竟然被压缩成了一堂地理课。

Some of this irritation remained, so when I graduated from high school,

我的怒气一直没消退，

所以为了确保我紧随 整个气候变化的情况，

I decided to study geography,

当我从高中毕业后， 我决定攻读地理学。

just to make sure I was on the right track with this whole climate change thing.

And this is when everything changed.

一切就此改变。

This was the first time I looked at the data,

当我第一次观察数据，

at the science behind the climate crisis,

看到气候危机背后的科学时，

and I couldn't believe what I was reading.

我无法相信我所看到的。

Like many of you,

像你们中的很多人一样，

I thought that the planet wasn't really in a good state.

我觉得地球的状况并不是很好。

I had no idea that we are rushing into this self-made disaster

但我完全不知道， 我们正如此迅速地奔向

in such a rapid pace.

自造的大灾难。

There was also the first time I understood what difference it makes

那也是我第一次认识到 站在更大的维度

when you consider the bigger picture.

看问题是多么不同。

Take the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, for instance,

以大气中二氧化碳浓度为例——

the number one driver for global warming.

全球变暖的第一元凶。

Yes, this looks bad.

是的，看起来很糟。

This looks like we are on a pretty bad track.

我们似乎正走在一条 非常糟糕的路线上。

But it's only once you don't just consider the last 60 years

但当你不只考虑过去六十年，

but the last 10,000 years

而是过去一万年，

that you understand how terrifying this really is.

你才会理解情况到底有多么吓人。

And this is just one aspect of the crisis we're seeing.

而这仅仅是气候危机的 其中一个方面。

I'm not going to get into details here, but let me tell you so much:

我不打算阐述细节， 但让我这样告诉各位：

we are in a point of history

在这个历史时刻，

that the most destructive force on the planet is humanity itself.

地球上大部分的破坏力 来自人类自身。

We are in a point of history

在这个历史时刻，

that no scientist could guarantee you that you will survive this.

没有科学家能保证你会存活。

We are in a point of history

在这个历史时刻，

that humanity is creating an environment

人类制造着一个

that's not safe for humans anymore.

威胁自身的环境。

Yeah, there I was,

是的，这就是

first year of geography,

我第一年学习地理时

and felt pretty overwhelmed.

窒息无力的感受。

But ...

但——

there was good news.

还是发生了好事情的。

The very same year I first learned about all this,

就在同一年，

leaders from across the globe came together in Paris

世界各国的领袖齐聚巴黎，

to decide on the common target to limit global warming to below two degrees.

设定了共同的目标， 限制全球变暖不超过两度。

Pictures went around the world,

会议的照片传遍世界。

and I was told that history was made that day.

人们告诉我，历史在那天创造。

How relieving, right?

很安慰人心，对吧？

Except ...

但是——

something didn't quite work out about this.

事态的发展并不如人意。

After this agreement was signed,

目标协定签署后，

things didn't really get better.

情况并没有好转。

Actually, they got much worse.

事实上，变得更糟了。

Decision makers and industries, leaders and politicians,

决策制定者、工业界、 国家领袖和政客，

they went back to business as usual,

他们开完会回去照常办产业，

exploiting our livelihoods like there is literally no tomorrow,

像是没有明天一样 贪婪榨取我们的生计，

building coal power plants again and again,

建造一座又一座的火力发电站，

even though we know that needs to stop,

即便他们明知《巴黎协议》上

according to the Paris Agreement.

这些行为是被禁止的。

So while there are also good developments, of course --

诚然，有一些好的发展——

there are installations of wind and solar energy all over the globe, yes --

风能和太阳能发电设施 在全球逐渐增加，

but these positive changes are slow -- too slow, in fact.

但这些积极的变化很慢——太慢了。

So since the Paris Agreement was signed,

所以，《巴黎协议》签署后，

climate graphs keep racing to the top,

气候恶化的趋势依然向上飙升，

smashing records every year.

每年都在刷新记录。

The five hottest years ever recorded

记载中最热的五年，

were the previous five years,

就是过去这五年，

and at no time have global emissions been higher than today.

如今的全球温室气体 排放量达到历史最高。

So there I was,

所以，一方面，

seeing and understanding the science on the one side,

我接触并理解着这一切的科学原理，

but not seeing answers, not seeing the action, on the other side.

另一方面我却没有看到答案和行动。

At that point, I had enough.

因此，我受够了。

I wanted to go to the UN Climate Conference myself,

我决定亲自去联合国气候大会，

that very place that was created to bring people together

那个为聚人类之力 以应对气候问题

而生的组织——

to fix the climate --

except not really, apparently.

显然它没做到。

This was last year.

去年，

I traveled to the Climate Conference and wanted to find out

我前往联合国气候大会

探寻到底发生了什么。

what this is really like, what this is about.

For political realists, this might be no surprise,

对于政治现实主义者， 这可能并不很惊讶，

but I found it hard to bear:

但我感到难以忍受：

that fossil fuel industries and political leaders

化石燃料产业和政治领袖们

are doing everything, everything to prevent real change from happening.

正在尽一切可能 避免发生真正的改变。

They are not keen to set targets that are ambitious enough

他们并不热衷于 设定野心勃勃的目标

to put us on a below-two-degree pathway.

来实现每年低于两度暖化的目标。

After all, these are the only ones who benefit from this climate crisis, right?

毕竟，他们是气候危机的 唯一受益者，不是吗？

The fossil fuel industry generates profits,

化石燃料产业产生着大量利润，

and political leaders, well, they look at the next election,

领袖们紧盯着下一次选举，

at what makes them popular,

只顾着让自己受欢迎，

and I guess that's not asking the inconvenient questions.

更不可能去问令人为难的问题。

There is no intention for them to change the game.

他们并不打算改变局势。

There is no country in the world where either companies or political powers

毕竟世界上没有任何 一个国家的企业或政府，

are sanctioned for wrecking the climate.

因为破坏气候而受到制裁。

With all the strangeness and the sadness about this conference,

就在这次大会的 荒谬与悲哀上演之后，

there was one someone who was different,

有个与众不同的人站了出来，

someone who seemed to be quite worried,

看起来十分担忧——

and that was Greta Thunberg.

她就是格蕾塔·通贝里。

I decided right there that everything else seemed hopeless

我当下就认定，其他选项 似乎都没有希望，

and didn't seem to make sense,

也行不通。

so I joined her climate strike right there at the conference.

于是我加入了她的气候罢课运动。

It was my very first climate strike ever

那是我人生第一次参与气候罢课，

and an incredibly strange setting,

当时的场面很奇怪，

just me and her sitting there at this conference hall,

只有我和她坐在会议厅，

surrounded by this busyness of the suit-wearing conference crowd

周围是一群身着西装的会议人员，

who had no idea what to do with us.

对我们束手无策。

And yet, this felt more powerful

不过，我感受到了一股力量，

than anything I had expected in a very long time.

比任何曾感受过的都更强烈。

And it was right there that I felt it was maybe time

于是从那时我开始思考，

或许是时候在德国来一场罢课了。

to start striking in Germany.

I was now certain that no one else was going to fix this for us,

我非常确定，没有人会来 帮我们解决气候问题，

and if there was just the slightest chance that this could make a difference,

如果我能让情况有些许不同， 即便只是最微小的改变，

it seemed almost foolish not to give it a go.

那么不去尝试便是愚蠢的。

So I --

于是我——

(Applause)

（掌声）

So I traveled back to Berlin.

于是我回到柏林，

I found allies who had the same idea at the same time,

找到了志同道合的盟友，

and together we thought we'd give this "Fridays For Future" thing a go.

打算共同发起 “周五为未来”的活动。

Obviously, we had no idea what we were getting into.

显然，我们不知道该怎么做。

Before our first strike, many of us, including me,

在第一次罢课之前， 许多人，包括我，

had never organized a public demonstration or any kind of protest before.

对如何组织公共抗议都毫无经验。

We had no money, no resources

我们没有钱，没有资源，

and absolutely no idea what climate striking really is.

对气候罢课没有任何概念。

So we started doing what we were good at:

于是我们开始做擅长的事：

we started texting,

我们开始联系他人。

texting en masse, night and day, everyone we could reach,

齐心协力、不分昼夜地 联系能接触到的每一个人，

organizing our first climate strike via WhatsApp.

在 WhatsApp 上组织了 第一次气候罢课。

The night before our first strike, I was so nervous I couldn't sleep.

罢课活动前的那个晚上， 我紧张得睡不着。

I didn't know what to expect, but I expected the worst.

我不知道该期待什么， 但我想到了最坏的结果。

Maybe it was because we weren't the only ones

或许因为我们不是唯一

who had been longing to have a voice in a political environment

渴望向政治环境发声，

that had seemingly forgotten how to include young people's perspective

却似乎已被忽略、

into decision-making, maybe.

无法参与决策的年轻人。

But somehow this worked out.

但，我们成功了。

And from one day to the other,

两天之内，

we were all over the place.

我们出现在德国的每个角落。

And I, from one day to the other,

并且，我在这两天里，

became a climate activist.

成为了一个气候活动者。

Usually,

通常来说，

in these kind of TED Talks,

在这类 TED 演讲中，

I would now say how it's overly hopeful,

我现在应该要开始说 未来多么有希望，

how we young people are going to get this sorted,

我们年轻人将如何解决这些问题，

how we're going to save the future and the planet and everything else,

我们将会如何拯救未来，拯救世界，

how we young people striking for the climate

我们将会如何靠气候罢课

are going to fix this.

而解决气候难题。

Usually.

通常是这样。

But this is not how this works.

但事实不是这样的。

This is not how this crisis works.

这不是气候危机的运作方式。

Here's a twist:

现实情况是，

today, three and a half years after that Paris Agreement was signed,

如今，《巴黎协议》签订三年半后，

when we look at the science,

当我们着眼于科学，

we find it's still possible to keep global warming

会发现想要控制暖化两度以下

to below two degrees --

还是有可能的——

technically.

理论上。

And we also see it's still possible to hold other disastrous developments

我们也看到了阻碍 其它灾难发展的可能，

we're seeing, such as mass extinction and soil degradation --

例如物种灭绝和土壤退化——

yes, technically.

是的，理论上。

It's just incredibly, incredibly unlikely.

只是可能性非常非常小。

And in any case,

不论如何，

the world would have to see changes

这个世界需要看到

which we have never experienced before.

前所未有的改变。

We'd have to fully decarbonize our economies by 2050

我们需要在 2050 年以前 将碳从经济贡献中去除，

and transform the distribution of powers

改变权力分配，

that is currently allowing those fossil fuel giants and political leaders

让那些燃煤巨头和政治领袖们

to stay on top of the game.

不再处于权力顶尖位置。

We are talking of nothing less than the greatest transformation

我们正在说的是自工业革命后

since the Industrial Revolution.

一场史无前例的巨大转变。

We are talking, if you want to put it that way,

或者，如果你想这么说，

we are talking of a climate revolution

我们在说的是极短时间内的

in a minimum amount of time.

一场气候革命。

We wouldn't have a single further year to lose.

我们再输不起一年了。

And in any case, for any of that change to happen,

无论如何， 为了实现任何一项改变，

the world needs to stop relying on

这个世界不能单靠

one or two or three million school strikers to sort this out.

几百万学生的罢课来解决问题。

Yes, we are great, we are going to keep going,

是的，我们很棒， 我们会坚持下去，

and we are going to go to places no one ever expected us, yes.

我们会去到那些 人们本不期望我们到达的地方。

But we are not the limit;

但我们不是终点，

we are the start.

我们是开端。

This is not a job for a single generation.

这不是某一代人的事业，

This is a job for humanity.

这是全人类的事业。

And this is when all eyes are on you.

这是个所有人寄望于你的时刻。

For this change to happen,

为了让改变发生，

we will have to get one million things sorted.

我们要解决一百万个问题。

It's an incredibly complex thing, after all.

这确实是个无比复杂的事情。

But ...

但……

there are some things that everyone can get started with.

每个人都可以从一些小事做起。

Bad news first: if you thought I would tell you now to cycle more

坏消息是：如果你以为 我要告诉你更多的循环利用，

or eat less meat, to fly less, or to go secondhand shopping,

或者少吃肉，少乘坐飞机 或者去二手市场购物，

sorry, this is not that easy.

抱歉，没有那么简单。

But here comes the good news:

但好消息是：

you are more than consumers and shoppers,

你不只是消费者和购物者，

even though the industry would like you to keep yourselves limited to that.

即便业界希望你止步于此。

No; me and you -- we are all political beings,

不。我和你们—— 我们都是政治的一员，

and we can all be part of this answer.

我们都能书写答案，

We can all be something that many people call climate activists.

我们能成为所谓的气候活动者。

Yay?

是吧？

(Laughter)

（笑声）

So what are the first steps?

那么要如何开始呢？

Four first steps that are essential to get everything else done,

开始阶段是最重要的，

four first steps that everyone can get started with,

有四点每个人都可以开始去做。

four first steps that decide about everything that can happen after.

这四点决定了之后的所有事情。

So what's that?

那么是什么呢？

Number one:

第一：

we need to drastically reframe our understanding of a climate activist,

我们需要快速转变 对气候活动者的认识，

our understanding of who can be the answer to this.

重新理解谁能成为 气候问题的答案。

A climate activist isn't that one person that's read every single study

气候活动者不是那些 阅读每一项研究

and is now spending every afternoon handing out leaflets about vegetarianism

然后每个下午在商场门口发放

素食主义传单的人。

in shopping malls.

No.

不。

A climate activist can be everyone,

气候活动者可以是任何人，

everyone who wants to join a movement of those who intend to grow old

任何只要他们希望活在

一个以保护自然环境

on a planet that prioritizes protection of natural environments

和保障大多数人类健康幸福 为宗旨的世界，

and happiness and health for the many

over the destruction of the climate and the wrecking of the planet

而不是破坏气候，摧毁地球，

for the profits of the few.

而让少数人获利。

And since the climate crisis is affecting every single part of our social,

因为气候危机正影响着社会

of our political and of our private life,

政治生活和个人生活的每个环节，

we need climate activists everywhere on every corner,

气候活动者需要出现在 每个地方每个角落。

not only in every room,

不仅是每间屋子，

but also in every city and country and state and continent.

更是每个城市、每个国家、 每个州、每块大陆。

Second:

第二：

I need you to get out of that zone of convenience,

我们需要跳出舒适圈，

away from a business as usual that has no tomorrow.

远离一切没有未来的商业活动。

All of you here, you are either a friend or a family member,

在场的各位是朋友或家人，

you are a worker, a colleague, a student, a teacher

你们也是从业者， 同事，学生，老师，

or, in many cases, a voter.

或者，在更多情况下， 你们是选民。

All of this comes along with a responsibility

这些都伴随着责任，

that this crisis requires you to grow up to.

气候危机需要你投身帮助。

There's the company that employs you

那些雇佣你

or that sponsors you.

或者赞助你的公司，

Is it on track of meeting the Paris Agreement?

它们有没有遵守《巴黎协议》？

Does your local parliamentarian know that you care about this,

你们当地的议员知道你关心气候问题

that you want this to be a priority in every election?

并希望将其作为选举的主要参考吗？

Does your best friend know about this?

你最好的朋友了解气候问题吗？

Do you read a newspaper or write a newspaper? Great.

你阅读报纸，或者撰写报刊吗？

这很好，那就让他们知道 你想要在每一期报道气候问题，

Then let them know you want them to report on this in every issue,

and that you want them to challenge decision makers in every single interview.

想要在每次采访中质询决策制定者。

If you're a singer, sing about this. If you're a teacher, teach about this.

如果你是歌手，那么歌唱它； 如果你是教师，那么传授它；

如果你有银行账户，告诉银行 如果他们继续投资化石燃料

And if you have a bank account, tell your bank you're going to leave

if they keep investing in fossil fuels.

那么你就要取消账户。

And, of course, on Fridays, you should all know what to do.

还有在星期五，你知道该怎么做。

Thirdly:

第三：

leaving that zone of convenience works best when you join forces.

人多力量大。

One person asking for inconvenient change

一个人发出改变的诉求

is mostly inconvenient.

将是困难的；

Two, five, ten, one hundred people asking for inconvenient change

但两个，五个，十个， 一百个人发出诉求，

are hard to ignore.

就难以被忽略。

The more you are, the harder it gets for people to justify

人数越多，

人们就越难替没有未来的系统开脱。

a system that has no future.

Power is not something that you either have or don't have.

力量并不是单纯的有，或没有。

Power is something you either take or leave to others,

力量是你可以争取，或放弃的东西，

and it grows once you share it.

而一旦传递，力量便壮大。

We young people on the streets, we school strikers,

我们这些街头的年轻人，罢课学生，

we are showing how this can work out.

我们证明了这是可行的。

One single school striker will always be one single school striker --

一个罢课学生将永远只是一个人——

well, Greta Thunberg.

就像格蕾塔·通贝里。

Two, five, ten, one thousand people striking school are a movement,

但两个，五个，十个， 一千个学生一起参与的运动，

and that's what we need everywhere.

就是我们想要的。

No pressure.

不要有压力。

(Laughter)

（笑）

And number four, finally --

最后，第四：

and this is probably the most important aspect of all of this --

或许是最重要的一点——

I need you to start taking yourselves more seriously.

我需要你们更认真的看待自己。

If there's one thing I've learned

如果说我在 7 个月的 组织气候运动中

during seven months of organizing climate action,

学到了什么，

it's that if you don't go for something,

那就是，如果你不主动追求，

chances are high that no one else will.

很有可能没有人会去做了。

The most powerful institutions of this world

这个世界最有权力的机构

have no intention of changing the game they're profiting from most,

不会想要改变 使其利益最大化的游戏规则，

so there's no point in further relying on them.

所以再依赖他们没有意义。

That's scary, I know.

这很吓人，我知道。

That's a huge responsibility, a huge burden on everyone's shoulders, yes.

这是巨大的责任， 是每个人肩头沉重的负担。

But this also means,

但同时也意味着，

if we want to,

如果我们想，

we can have a say in this.

我们就有发言权。

We can be part of that change. We can be part of that answer.

我们能成为改变的一部分， 我们能成为答案的一部分。

And that's quite beautiful, right?

这很美好，对吧？

So let's give it a try, let's rock and roll,

所以不如试一试，大干一场，

let's flood the world with climate activists.

让这个世界充满气候活动者。

Let's get out of the zones of convenience

让我们跳出舒适圈，

and join forces and start taking ourselves more seriously.

联合起来，重视自己的力量。

Imagine what this world would look like,

想象一下世界将会如何，

where children would grow up,

以后的孩子们，

knowing their future was this one great adventure to look forward to

知道他们未来的成长 将是一场精彩的冒险，

and nothing to be scared of,

令人期待，无所畏惧；

what this world would look like when the next climate conference

下一次的气候大会，

is this great happening of people who come together,

将会是人们齐聚一堂，

who had heard the voices of millions,

代表世界百万人的声音，

who would then roll up their sleeves, ready to create real change.

然后撸起袖子，创造全新的改变。

You know,

想象一下，

I dream of this world

我梦想的世界中，

where geography classes teach about the climate crisis

地理课上会把气候危机

as this one greatest challenge

介绍成历史上人类战胜

that was won by people like you and me,

的最伟大挑战，

who had started acting in time

因为我们及时行动，

because they understood they had nothing to lose

因为我们明白没有退路，

and everything to win.

唯有胜利。

So why not give it a go?

所以为什么不行动起来呢？

No one else will save the future for us.

不要指望别人来拯救我们的未来。

This is more than an invitation. Spread the word.

这不仅是一个邀请， 请大家向世界传播出去。

Thank you.

谢谢大家。

(Applause)

（掌声）