Why you should be a climate activist | Luisa Neubauer

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Helen Chang

I never planned to become a climate activist.

我從來沒有打算成為氣候活動家。

But things have changed,

但情況改變了，

and now, standing here as a climate activist,

現在，以氣候活動家的 身分站在這裡，

I ask you all to become one, too.

我也希望各位都變成氣候活動家。

Here's why,

讓我說明為什麼，

and most importantly, how.

以及最重要的，怎麼做。

Ten years ago, when I was 13 years old,

十年前，我十三歲時，

I first learned about the greenhouse effect.

我第一次聽到溫室效應。

Back then, we spent 90 minutes on this issue,

那時，我們花了 九十分鐘在這個議題上，

and I remember finding it quite irritating

我記得我當時覺得很惱人，

that something so fundamental

這麼重要的東西，

would be squeezed into a single geography lesson.

竟然全都擠在一堂地理課。

Some of this irritation remained, so when I graduated from high school,

這種惱人的感覺有部分依舊存在，

所以，我高中畢業後 決定要攻讀地理，

I decided to study geography,

just to make sure I was on the right track with this whole climate change thing.

只為確保我在氣候變遷 這個議題上的想法沒有錯。

And this is when everything changed.

此時，一切改變了。

This was the first time I looked at the data,

這是我第一次研究資料，

at the science behind the climate crisis,

研究氣候危機背後的科學，

and I couldn't believe what I was reading.

我無法相信我讀到的內容。

Like many of you,

和在座許多人一樣，

I thought that the planet wasn't really in a good state.

我認為地球的狀況並不是很好。

I had no idea that we are rushing into this self-made disaster

我全然不知道 我們正以這麼快的速度

朝向我們自己造成的災難前進。

in such a rapid pace.

There was also the first time I understood what difference it makes

那也是我第一次了解到

when you consider the bigger picture.

去思考更大的大局時 能夠造成什麼不同。

Take the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, for instance,

以在大氣中的二氧化碳濃度為例，

the number one driver for global warming.

它是全球暖化的頭號成因。

Yes, this looks bad.

是的，看起來很糟。

This looks like we are on a pretty bad track.

看來我們走上一條挺糟糕的路。

But it's only once you don't just consider the last 60 years

但是要你不只思考過去的六十年，

but the last 10,000 years

而是過去的一萬年時，

that you understand how terrifying this really is.

你才會了解這個狀況有多嚇人。

And this is just one aspect of the crisis we're seeing.

我們看見的只是危機的一個面向。

I'm not going to get into details here, but let me tell you so much:

我不打算在這裡談細節， 但，讓我告訴各位這些：

we are in a point of history

在歷史上的這個時點，

that the most destructive force on the planet is humanity itself.

地球上最具毀滅性的破壞力

就是人類。

We are in a point of history

在歷史上的這個時點，

that no scientist could guarantee you that you will survive this.

沒有科學家能夠保證你將得以倖存。

We are in a point of history

在歷史上的這個時點，

that humanity is creating an environment

人類所創造出來的環境

that's not safe for humans anymore.

已經不再是讓人類安全的環境。

Yeah, there I was,

是啊，當時我讀地理系大一，

first year of geography,

and felt pretty overwhelmed.

覺得難以招架。

But ...

但……

there was good news.

有好消息。

The very same year I first learned about all this,

就在我初次了解這一切的同一年，

leaders from across the globe came together in Paris

全球各地的領導人聚集在巴黎，

to decide on the common target to limit global warming to below two degrees.

設定共同目標，

限制全球暖化不能超過兩度。

Pictures went around the world,

照片傳遍全球，

and I was told that history was made that day.

我聽到的說法是那天寫入歷史。

How relieving, right?

讓人鬆一口氣，對吧？

Except ...

除了……

something didn't quite work out about this.

這件事進行得並不順利。

After this agreement was signed,

在簽署這項協議之後，

things didn't really get better.

情況並沒有好轉。

Actually, they got much worse.

事實上，情況更糟了。

Decision makers and industries, leaders and politicians,

決策者、產業、領袖和政治人物，

they went back to business as usual,

他們照舊，

exploiting our livelihoods like there is literally no tomorrow,

彷彿沒有明天似地 拼命利用我們的生計，

building coal power plants again and again,

一而再再而三地建造燃煤電廠，

even though we know that needs to stop,

即使我們都知道，根據巴黎協定，

according to the Paris Agreement.

這種行為該要停止了。

So while there are also good developments, of course --

當然，還是有些好的發展——

there are installations of wind and solar energy all over the globe, yes --

全球各地開始設置 風力和太陽能發電設施，是的——

but these positive changes are slow -- too slow, in fact.

但這些正向的改變很緩慢—— 事實上，太緩慢了。

So since the Paris Agreement was signed,

從巴黎協定簽署之後，

climate graphs keep racing to the top,

氣候圖就一直向上飆升，

smashing records every year.

每年都在破記錄。

The five hottest years ever recorded

記錄中最熱的五年，

were the previous five years,

就是過去五年，

and at no time have global emissions been higher than today.

過去沒有任何時點的 全球排放量比現今還高。

So there I was,

因此我一方面看見、理解這些科學，

seeing and understanding the science on the one side,

but not seeing answers, not seeing the action, on the other side.

另一方面卻看不到答案或行動。

At that point, I had enough.

那時，我受夠了。

I wanted to go to the UN Climate Conference myself,

我要親自參加聯合國氣候變化大會，

that very place that was created to bring people together

該大會的創始目的是 把大家集合在一起

to fix the climate --

修復氣候——

except not really, apparently.

問題是，它顯然沒做到。

This was last year.

那是去年。

I traveled to the Climate Conference and wanted to find out

我去氣候變化大會，

想要搞懂到底是什麼情況。

what this is really like, what this is about.

For political realists, this might be no surprise,

對政治現實主義者來說， 這可能並不意外，

but I found it hard to bear:

但我卻覺得無法忍受：

that fossil fuel industries and political leaders

化石燃料產業和政治領袖

are doing everything, everything to prevent real change from happening.

盡一切可能，避免發生真正的改變。

They are not keen to set targets that are ambitious enough

他們不願設定雄心勃勃的目標，

to put us on a below-two-degree pathway.

讓我們能朝低於兩度邁進。

After all, these are the only ones who benefit from this climate crisis, right?

畢竟，他們是唯一從氣候 危機中受益的人，對吧？

The fossil fuel industry generates profits,

化石燃料產業產生利潤，

and political leaders, well, they look at the next election,

政治領袖看的是下次的選舉，

at what makes them popular,

怎樣讓自己紅，

and I guess that's not asking the inconvenient questions.

我猜，那絕對不是 去問讓人為難的問題。

There is no intention for them to change the game.

他們並沒有意圖想要改變局勢。

There is no country in the world where either companies or political powers

世界上沒有任何國家的企業或政權

are sanctioned for wrecking the climate.

因為破壞氣候而被制裁。

With all the strangeness and the sadness about this conference,

雖然這大會是如此冷淡且讓人哀傷，

there was one someone who was different,

但卻有一個人不一樣，

someone who seemed to be quite worried,

這個人似乎相當擔心，

and that was Greta Thunberg.

這個人就是格蕾塔 · 桑伯格。

I decided right there that everything else seemed hopeless

我當下就認定，其他選項 似乎都沒有希望，

and didn't seem to make sense,

且似乎也說不通，

so I joined her climate strike right there at the conference.

所以我就加入了她在會議上 進行的氣候罷課。

It was my very first climate strike ever

那是我參加的第一場罷課活動，

and an incredibly strange setting,

且情境非常奇怪，

just me and her sitting there at this conference hall,

只有我和她坐在會議大廳，

surrounded by this busyness of the suit-wearing conference crowd

周圍都是穿著西裝的 會議人士在忙碌，

who had no idea what to do with us.

他們完全不知道該拿我們怎麼辦。

And yet, this felt more powerful

但，這感覺起來，

比我長年以來的 任何期望都還要強大。

than anything I had expected in a very long time.

And it was right there that I felt it was maybe time

在那裡，我認為，也許

該是開始在德國抗議的時候了。

to start striking in Germany.

I was now certain that no one else was going to fix this for us,

現在我很確定，沒有其他人 會願意為我們修復氣候。

and if there was just the slightest chance that this could make a difference,

如果有一點點機會，

有可能造成不同，

it seemed almost foolish not to give it a go.

那還不去試就是太愚蠢了。

So I --

所以我——

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So I traveled back to Berlin.

我回到柏林。

I found allies who had the same idea at the same time,

同時我找到了一些 也有相同想法的盟友，

and together we thought we'd give this "Fridays For Future" thing a go.

我們認為我們團結起來可以來試試 這個《週五為未來而戰》活動。

Obviously, we had no idea what we were getting into.

很顯然，我們完全不知道 我們要面對的是什麼。

Before our first strike, many of us, including me,

在我們第一次罷課前， 我們當中許多人，包括我，

had never organized a public demonstration or any kind of protest before.

過去都從來沒有組織過公開示威 或任何類型的抗議活動。

We had no money, no resources

我們沒有錢，沒有資源，

and absolutely no idea what climate striking really is.

且完全不知道氣候罷課到底是什麼。

So we started doing what we were good at:

所以，我們就從我們擅長的著手：

we started texting,

我們開始發訊息，

texting en masse, night and day, everyone we could reach,

日以繼夜發訊息給大家， 我們能觸及的所有人，

organizing our first climate strike via WhatsApp.

透過 WhatsApp 來組織 我們的第一次氣候罷課。

The night before our first strike, I was so nervous I couldn't sleep.

在我們首次罷課的前一晚， 我緊張到無法入眠。

I didn't know what to expect, but I expected the worst.

我不知道該預期什麼， 但我做了最壞的打算。

Maybe it was because we weren't the only ones

也許是因為

我們並非唯一

who had been longing to have a voice in a political environment

一直渴望能在政治環境中發聲的人，

that had seemingly forgotten how to include young people's perspective

而政治卻似乎忘記如何將年輕人觀點

into decision-making, maybe.

納入到決策當中，也許吧。

But somehow this worked out.

但，不知怎麼的，成功了。

And from one day to the other,

一天又一天，

we were all over the place.

到處都能看得見我們。

And I, from one day to the other,

而我，一天又一天，

became a climate activist.

漸漸成為氣候活動家。

Usually,

通常，

in these kind of TED Talks,

在這種 TED 演說中，

I would now say how it's overly hopeful,

現在我應該要說這是多麼有希望，

how we young people are going to get this sorted,

我們年輕人要如何將這事處理好，

how we're going to save the future and the planet and everything else,

我們要如何拯救未來、 地球，及其他一切，

how we young people striking for the climate

我們這些為氣候罷課的 年輕人要如何解決問題。

are going to fix this.

Usually.

通常。

But this is not how this works.

但不是這樣運作的。

This is not how this crisis works.

這種危機並不是這樣運作的。

Here's a twist:

問題來了：

today, three and a half years after that Paris Agreement was signed,

現今，

簽署巴黎協定的三年半後，

when we look at the science,

我們檢視科學，

we find it's still possible to keep global warming

發現仍有機會將全球暖化 限制在兩度以下——

to below two degrees --

technically.

技術上可行。

And we also see it's still possible to hold other disastrous developments

我們也發現或許能侷限 其他災難的進展，

we're seeing, such as mass extinction and soil degradation --

如大滅絕、土壤劣化——

yes, technically.

是的，技術上可行。

It's just incredibly, incredibly unlikely.

只是希望極其渺茫。

And in any case,

不論如何，

the world would have to see changes

世界必須做前所未有的改變才行。

which we have never experienced before.

We'd have to fully decarbonize our economies by 2050

我們得要在 2050 年將碳 完全從我們的經濟中除去，

and transform the distribution of powers

並著手轉換電力的分配。

that is currently allowing those fossil fuel giants and political leaders

目前的電力分配

由那些化石燃料大公司 和政治領袖全盤掌握。

to stay on top of the game.

We are talking of nothing less than the greatest transformation

我們談的是從工業革命以來

since the Industrial Revolution.

最大的轉變。

We are talking, if you want to put it that way,

換句話說，

we are talking of a climate revolution

我們是在談在最短的時間內

in a minimum amount of time.

進行氣候革命。

We wouldn't have a single further year to lose.

我們不能再損失任何一年。

And in any case, for any of that change to happen,

不論如何，如果要讓 那種改變能夠成真，

the world needs to stop relying on

世界就必須要停止仰賴

one or two or three million school strikers to sort this out.

一百、兩百，或三百萬名 罷課學生來處理這件事。

Yes, we are great, we are going to keep going,

是的，我們很棒，我們會繼續努力，

and we are going to go to places no one ever expected us, yes.

我們也將會朝沒有人預期 我們會去的地方前進。

But we are not the limit;

但不是到我們為止；

we are the start.

我們是開端。

This is not a job for a single generation.

這並不是單一世代的事情。

This is a job for humanity.

這是全人類的事。

And this is when all eyes are on you.

此時你們是眾所矚目的焦點。

For this change to happen,

要使這改變成真，

we will have to get one million things sorted.

有千千萬萬的事情等著我們處理。

It's an incredibly complex thing, after all.

畢竟，這是非常複雜的。

But ...

但……

there are some things that everyone can get started with.

有些事是人人都可以著手的。

Bad news first: if you thought I would tell you now to cycle more

先說壞消息：如果你認為 我會告訴你，要多做回收、

or eat less meat, to fly less, or to go secondhand shopping,

少吃肉、少飛行，或購買二手貨，

sorry, this is not that easy.

抱歉，沒那麼簡單。

But here comes the good news:

但，好消息來了：

you are more than consumers and shoppers,

各位不只是消費者和購物者，

even though the industry would like you to keep yourselves limited to that.

雖然產業想把你們 限制在那兩個角色上。

No; me and you -- we are all political beings,

不是的；我和各位—— 我們都是政治的生物，

and we can all be part of this answer.

我們都能成為答案的一部分，

We can all be something that many people call climate activists.

都能是所謂的「氣候活動家」。

Yay?

是吧？

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So what are the first steps?

所以，要如何開始？

Four first steps that are essential to get everything else done,

若要把其他一切做好， 前四步驟是必要的基礎，

four first steps that everyone can get started with,

這前四步驟是大家都能著手的，

four first steps that decide about everything that can happen after.

這前四步驟幾乎會完全決定 之後會發生什麼事。

So what's that?

所以，步驟是什麼？

Number one:

第一：

we need to drastically reframe our understanding of a climate activist,

我們必須徹底重新定義 「氣候活動家」，

our understanding of who can be the answer to this.

了解誰能解決這問題。

A climate activist isn't that one person that's read every single study

氣候活動家並未讀過每一篇研究，

and is now spending every afternoon handing out leaflets about vegetarianism

不是每天下午在購物中心

發放有關素食主義的傳單的人。

in shopping malls.

No.

不是的。

A climate activist can be everyone,

人人都可以是氣候活動家。

everyone who wants to join a movement of those who intend to grow old

只要有意加入運動，一同努力， 希望讓自己所居住的地球

on a planet that prioritizes protection of natural environments

能優先考量保護自然環境

and happiness and health for the many

以及多數人的快樂與健康，

over the destruction of the climate and the wrecking of the planet

而不是破壞氣候、摧殘地球，

for the profits of the few.

來謀取少數人的利益。

And since the climate crisis is affecting every single part of our social,

因為氣候危機影響 我們的社交生活、政治生活

of our political and of our private life,

以及私人生活的每一部分，

we need climate activists everywhere on every corner,

所以每個角落都需要氣候活動家，

not only in every room,

不僅每間房間，

but also in every city and country and state and continent.

而且每個城市、每個國家、 每個洲、每塊大陸上都有。

Second:

第二：

I need you to get out of that zone of convenience,

我需要大家走出自己的舒適圈，

away from a business as usual that has no tomorrow.

遠離一切照舊、沒有未來的做法。

All of you here, you are either a friend or a family member,

在座每位都是某人的朋友、 某個家庭裡的一員，

you are a worker, a colleague, a student, a teacher

都是員工、同事、學生、老師，

or, in many cases, a voter.

往往是選民。

All of this comes along with a responsibility

所有這些角色都有其附帶的責任，

that this crisis requires you to grow up to.

這個危機需要各位 去擔起這些責任。

There's the company that employs you

你可能受僱於某間公司，

or that sponsors you.

或者有贊助商。

Is it on track of meeting the Paris Agreement?

它遵循巴黎協定嗎？

Does your local parliamentarian know that you care about this,

你當地的國會議員知道 你在乎這個議題，

that you want this to be a priority in every election?

希望它是每次選舉的優先考量嗎？

Does your best friend know about this?

你最好的朋友知道這個議題嗎？

Do you read a newspaper or write a newspaper? Great.

你會看報紙或是為報社 撰稿嗎？很好。

Then let them know you want them to report on this in every issue,

讓他們知道，你希望他們 在每一期當中都報導這個議題，

and that you want them to challenge decision makers in every single interview.

你希望他們在每一次 訪談中挑戰決策者。

If you're a singer, sing about this. If you're a teacher, teach about this.

如果你是歌手，唱這個議題的歌。

如果你是老師，教導這個議題。

And if you have a bank account, tell your bank you're going to leave

如果你有銀行帳戶，告訴銀行

如果繼續投資化石燃料， 你就關閉帳戶。

if they keep investing in fossil fuels.

And, of course, on Fridays, you should all know what to do.

當然，在星期五時，你們 也知道該做什麼（罷課）。

Thirdly:

第三：

leaving that zone of convenience works best when you join forces.

最能有效離開舒適圈的方式，

就是同心協力。

One person asking for inconvenient change

一個人要求做出不舒適的改變

is mostly inconvenient.

是很不舒適的。

Two, five, ten, one hundred people asking for inconvenient change

兩個、五個、十個、一百個人 要求做出不舒適的改變，

are hard to ignore.

就很難忽略了。

The more you are, the harder it gets for people to justify

人數越多，

無視於未來的體制 就越難找到正當理由來塘塞。

a system that has no future.

Power is not something that you either have or don't have.

權力這東西，並非 「有」或「沒有」二選一。

Power is something you either take or leave to others,

而是「自己掌握」或「交給別人」，

and it grows once you share it.

分享權力還會讓權力變大。

We young people on the streets, we school strikers,

我們這些在街頭上的 年輕人、罷課的學生，

we are showing how this can work out.

我們在示範能夠如何做。

One single school striker will always be one single school striker --

一名罷課學生永遠都 只會是一名罷課學生——

well, Greta Thunberg.

嗯，格蕾塔 · 桑伯格。

Two, five, ten, one thousand people striking school are a movement,

兩個、五個、十個、一千個人 一起罷課，就成了一項運動，

and that's what we need everywhere.

這是我們需要各地的人做的。

No pressure.

不要覺得有壓力。（笑聲）

(Laughter)

And number four, finally --

最後，第四——

and this is probably the most important aspect of all of this --

這可能是最重要的面向——

I need you to start taking yourselves more seriously.

我要各位更嚴肅地看待自己。

If there's one thing I've learned

如果組織氣候行動的這七個月間

during seven months of organizing climate action,

我學到些什麼，

it's that if you don't go for something,

那就是：如果你不爭取，

chances are high that no one else will.

很可能別人也不會爭取。

The most powerful institutions of this world

這個世界上最強大的機構

have no intention of changing the game they're profiting from most,

毫無意願要改變 最能讓它們獲利的局面，

so there's no point in further relying on them.

所以，進一步仰賴它們毫無意義。

That's scary, I know.

這很駭人，我知道。

That's a huge responsibility, a huge burden on everyone's shoulders, yes.

這是每個人的重責、重擔，沒錯。

But this also means,

但這也意味著，

if we want to,

如果我們想要，

we can have a say in this.

我們是有發言權的。

We can be part of that change. We can be part of that answer.

我們可以是改變的一部分。

我們可以是答案的一部分。

And that's quite beautiful, right?

那很美好，對吧？

So let's give it a try, let's rock and roll,

所以，讓我們試試，讓我們開始行動，

let's flood the world with climate activists.

讓世界上充滿氣候活動家。

Let's get out of the zones of convenience

讓我們離開舒適圈，

and join forces and start taking ourselves more seriously.

同心協力，開始更認真看待自己。

Imagine what this world would look like,

想像這樣的世界：

where children would grow up,

孩子得以成長，

knowing their future was this one great adventure to look forward to

知道他們的未來

是個可以期待的偉大冒險，

and nothing to be scared of,

無需害怕。

what this world would look like when the next climate conference

世界將會是這模樣：

下一屆氣候會議是人類的偉大事件，

is this great happening of people who come together,

人們聚一起，

who had heard the voices of millions,

已聽到千千萬萬的聲音，

who would then roll up their sleeves, ready to create real change.

然後捲起袖子，創造真正的改變。

You know,

你們知道嗎，

I dream of this world

在我夢想的世界裡，

where geography classes teach about the climate crisis

地理課教「氣候危機」，

as this one greatest challenge

說它是你、我這樣的人

that was won by people like you and me,

所征服過的最偉大挑戰。

who had started acting in time

由於這些人及時行動，

because they understood they had nothing to lose

由於他們明白

有百利而無一害。

and everything to win.

So why not give it a go?

因此，何不放手一搏？

No one else will save the future for us.

沒有別人會幫我們拯救未來。

This is more than an invitation. Spread the word.

這不僅僅是個邀請。

請大家告訴大家。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）