Tom Shannon's gravity-defying sculpture

745,389 views ・ 2009-05-06

TED


请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。

翻译人员: Xu Jiang 校对人员: Amy Zerotus
00:12
This is a sculpture I made,
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这是我做的一个雕塑,
00:14
which is a way of, kind of, freeing a form
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算是将一个具有不同程度自由的物体
00:20
into an object that has different degrees of freedom.
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从一种形态解放的一种方式吧。
00:25
So, it can balance on a point.
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这样在某种程度上就达成一种平衡。
00:30
This is a bronze ball,
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这个铜球,
00:32
an aluminum arm here,
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铝制手臂,
00:34
and then this wooden disk.
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还有这个木制盘子。
00:37
And the wooden disk was really thought about
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这个木盘子是为了
00:40
as something that you'd want to hold on to,
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你可以抓住什么而设计的,
00:42
and that would glide easily through your hands.
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这样你可以容易地转动它。
00:46
The aluminum is because it's very light.
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用铝是因为它很轻。
00:49
The bronze is nice hard, durable material
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铜是因为它轻重适宜,
00:51
that could roll on the ground.
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而且可以在地上持续滚动。
00:53
Inside of the bronze ball
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铜球的内部
00:57
there's a lead weight
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有个铅块,
00:59
that is free-swinging on an axle
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绕着一个轴心作自由摆动,
01:01
that's on two bearings
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轴心就在两个轴承
01:04
that pass in between, across it,
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之间移动,
01:07
like this, that counterbalance this weight.
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像这个样子,就抵消了这个重量。
01:10
So it allows it to roll.
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这样球就可以滚动。
01:13
And the sphere has that balance property
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这样球就保持平衡,
01:16
that it always sort of stays still
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从各种角度看都一样都好像,
01:19
and looks the same from every direction.
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总是保持不动。
01:21
But if you put something on top of it,
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但当你在顶部放个东西,
01:24
it disbalances it. And so it would tip over.
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就打破了这种平衡。它就会翻过来。
01:27
But in this case because
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这时,因为
01:29
the interior is free-swinging
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它的内部是
01:31
in relation to the sphere,
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可以自由摆动的,
01:33
it can stand up on one point.
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它也可以站稳。
01:36
And then there was a second level to this object,
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这个模型的第二个层面
01:41
which is that it --
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是-
01:43
I wanted it to convey some proportions that I was interested in,
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我改了个比例,
01:47
which is the diameter of the Moon
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我把月亮的直径
01:50
and the diameter of the Earth
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和地球的直径的比例
01:52
in proportion to each other.
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运用到了其中。
01:55
I was exploring, really early on,
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早期我探究的是,
01:59
wanting to make things float in the air.
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让物体浮在空中。
02:01
And I thought up a lot of ideas.
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我想出了很多点子。
02:03
This is sculpture that I made that --
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这是我做的一个模型-
02:08
it's magnetically levitated.
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磁悬浮的。
02:11
The thing is, is that it's slightly dangerous.
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这个东西,有点点危险。
02:13
Normally it's sort of cordoned off when it's in a museum.
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一般情况下,在博物馆里都是放在封闭的展柜中。
02:16
But it's uh -- let's see if I can manipulate it a little bit
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但是,唔-我们来看看我能否来操纵它,
02:20
without, um -- oops.
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就一点点-哦-
02:23
So this is just floating,
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只是悬浮着,
02:26
floating on a permanent magnetic field,
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悬浮在永久磁场中,
02:29
which stabilizes it in all directions.
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在任何方向都是稳定的。
02:32
Except there is a slight tether here,
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除了这里的一小点约束,
02:34
which keeps it from going over the top of its field.
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保证它不会偏离磁场。
02:39
It's sort of surfing on a magnetic field
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这就好像在
02:41
at the crest of a wave.
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磁场上冲浪。
02:43
And that's what supports the object and keeps it stable.
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支持着物体保持稳定。
02:49
I think we could roll the tape, admin.
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管理人员,我想我们可以播放录像了。
02:52
I have a sort of a collection of videos
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我这里有几个不同的模型的录像,
02:55
that I took of different installations, which I could narrate.
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我可以给大家讲解。
02:58
This is a sculpture of the Sun
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这个是太阳
03:01
and the Earth, in proportion.
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和地球的模型,按照真实比例做的。
03:03
Representing that eight and a half minutes
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光和重力把他们连接起来
03:06
that it takes light and gravity to connect the two.
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要八分半钟的时间。
03:09
So here is the Earth. It's a little less than a millimeter
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这个是地球。比一毫米少一点点,
03:13
that was turned of solid bronze.
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是铜制的。
03:16
And here is a similar sculpture.
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这是个类似的 雕塑。
03:18
That's the Sun at that end.
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末端是太阳。
03:20
And then in a series of 55 balls,
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然后是一系列的55个球,
03:23
it reduces, proportionately -- each ball
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每个球都按一定比例缩小,
03:25
and the spaces between them
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每个球和其之间的距离也
03:27
reduce proportionately,
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按比例缩小,
03:30
until they get down to this little Earth.
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直到最后这个最小的球。
03:33
This is in a sculpture park in Taejon.
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这在韩国大田的一座雕塑公园中展出。
03:42
This one is about the Moon
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这个是月亮的模型。
03:45
and then the distance to the Earth, in proportion also.
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也是按比例,是到地球的距离。
03:50
This is a little stone ball, floating.
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这是个小石球,悬浮着。
03:52
As you can see the little tether,
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你可以看见这个小锁链,
03:54
that it's also magnetically levitated.
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也是磁悬浮的。
03:59
And then this is the first part of --
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这个是第一部分-
04:02
this is 109 spheres,
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109个圆球,
04:04
since the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth.
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因为太阳比地球大109倍。
04:08
And so this is the size of the Sun.
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这是太阳的大小。
04:10
And then each of these little spheres
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剩下的每一个球
04:12
is the size of the Earth in proportion to the Sun.
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都是同太阳的大小成比例的地球。
04:16
It's made up of 16 concentric shells. Each one has 92 spheres.
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这由16个同心壳组成。 每个有92个球。
04:20
This is in the courtyard of a twelfth-century alchemist.
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这是在一个12世纪的炼金术士的庭院。
04:24
I was thinking that the Sun is kind of the ultimate alchemist. (Laughter)
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我觉得太阳好似个终极炼金术士。
04:34
So this, again, is on the subject --
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好,回到这个话题上来-
04:37
a slice from the equator of the Earth.
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这个代表地球的赤道。
04:39
And then the Moon in the center,
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月亮在中心。
04:41
and it's floating. And this is in France.
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悬浮着。这是在法国。
05:03
This is in Sapporo.
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这时在日本的札幌。
05:05
It's balancing on a shaft and a ball,
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这在一根箭杆和一个圆球上保持着平衡,
05:08
right at the center of gravity, or just slightly above the center of gravity,
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就在重心处,或者说,重心上方一点点,
05:11
which means that the lower half of the object
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这意味着
05:15
is just a little bit more weighty.
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物体下半部比上半部重一点点。
05:17
So you can see it rotating here.
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你看,就在这里旋转。
05:19
It weighs about a ton or over a ton.
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它大概重一吨,或者比一吨多点。
05:21
It's made of stainless steel, quite thick.
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它是不锈钢做的,很沉。
05:23
But it's being balanced like that in equilibrium.
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但是它很平衡。
05:25
It's susceptible to motion by the air currents.
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它会随着气流而运动。
05:32
This is another species of work that I do.
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这是我做的另一组件。
05:35
These are these arrays. These spheres are all suspended,
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这些是箭头。这些箭头都是悬挂着的。
05:38
but they have magnets horizontally in them
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它们都具有水平的磁性,
05:40
that make them all like compasses.
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这样它们就像指南针一样。
05:42
So all the red sides, for example, face one direction: south.
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所有的红色端,比如,都指向一个方向:南极。
05:47
And the blue side, the compliment, faces the other way.
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所有的蓝色方向,相反地,指向另一个方向。
05:50
So as you turn around you're seeing different colors.
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你四周转转,会看到不同的颜色。
05:53
This is based on the structure of a diamond.
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这个是建立在钻石结构的基础上。
05:56
It was a diamond cell structure
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钻石晶体结构的
05:58
was the point of departure.
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出发点。
06:00
And then there were kind of large spaces in the hollows
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在原子之间的空隙,
06:04
between the atoms.
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存在很大的空间。
06:06
And so I placed one more element of each one of them.
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所以我在它们之间多放了一个元素。
06:10
These were white spheres.
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这些白色的圆球。
06:12
Then I had video projectors
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然后我用视频投影机
06:14
that were projecting intermittently onto the spheres.
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间歇性地投影到圆球上。
06:17
So they would catch parts of the images,
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这样就有了部分图像,
06:19
and make sort of three-dimensional color volumes,
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也就形成了看似立体的彩色圆柱,
06:23
as you walk through it, through the object.
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就像你穿过这个物体的时候。
06:29
This is something I did
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这是我
06:31
of a tactile communication system.
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为触感通信系统所做的。
06:34
It was the idea of isolating the tactile component of sculpture,
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为的分离出模型的触感组分,
06:37
and then putting it into a communication system.
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然后将其运用到通信系统中。
06:41
This is an idea of moving a sculpture, a ball,
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这是想通过计算机
06:44
that would be directed around the room
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指令移动房间内的
06:46
by a computer.
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雕塑,球体。
06:48
This is a clock I designed.
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这是我设计的时钟。
06:50
It has Buckminster Fuller's Dymaxion Map edited here.
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用巴克敏斯特•富勒的多面体图做背景。
06:54
It turns once per day in synchrony with the Earth.
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每天转动一次,与地球同步。
06:59
And then, this is like
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这是个
07:04
projects that are harder to build.
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很难制作的工程。
07:07
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
07:08
This has a diamond-bottomed lake.
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这是个有着钻石为底的湖。
07:11
So it's a floating island
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上面悬浮着一个岛,
07:13
with water, fresh water,
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有水,流动的水,
07:15
that can fly from place to place.
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可以从一个地方飞到另一个地方。
07:17
This would be grown, I suppose,
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它还能长大,我猜想,
07:19
with nanotechnology in the future sometime.
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等将来什么时候有了纳米技术。
07:23
In the course of doing my work
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工作让我拥有
07:26
I sort of have a broad range of interests.
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广泛的兴趣。
07:30
And some of it is just the idea of creating media --
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其中一些仅仅是创造媒介的想法—
07:34
media as a sculpture,
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作为雕塑的媒介,
07:36
something that would keep the sculpture
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只需要改变组成雕塑的媒介,
07:39
fresh and ever-changing,
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就可以改变雕塑本身
07:42
by just creating the media that the sculpture is made of.
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使之鲜活,千变万化。
07:46
And I had a lot of --
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我对于-
07:49
always interested in the concept of a crystal ball.
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水晶球的想法特别感兴趣。
07:53
And the idea that you could see things
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你能通过观察水晶球的内部
07:56
inside of a crystal ball and predict the future --
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来预测未来-
07:59
or a television set, where it's sort of like a magic box
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或者是电视机,电视机也算是一个魔盒,
08:02
where anything can appear.
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任何东西都能够出现。
08:04
I had thought about, a long time ago,
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我想过,很久以前,
08:09
in the late '60s -- when I was just starting out,
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在60年代后期,我刚刚起步的时候,
08:13
I was under the influence of thinking about Buckminster Fuller's
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我受到一些影响,比如思考巴克敏斯特•富勒
08:16
grand project for an electric globe
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的伟大工程,
08:20
across from the United Nations --
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一个联合国对面的电子球工程—
08:22
and other things that were happening,
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还有其它正在发生的事情,
08:25
the space program at that time,
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那个时候的空间项目,
08:27
and Whole Earth Catalog, things like that.
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全球概览,那样的事情。
08:30
I was thinking about mass produced spherical television sets
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我也想到过批量生产的球形电视机
08:34
that could be linked to orbiting camera satellites.
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可以同相机卫星轨道相连。
08:38
So if we could roll the next film here.
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下面看这里,我们的下一个片子
08:43
This has evolved over the years
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这经过数年的演变,
08:45
in a lot of different iterations.
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多次不同的叠加。
08:47
But this the current version of it,
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但是最近的模型是,
08:49
is a flying airship
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一个大概有35米的直径
08:51
that is about 35 meters in diameter,
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的飞船,
08:55
about 110 feet in diameter.
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也就是110英尺直径的飞船。
08:57
The whole surface of it is covered with 60 million diodes,
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它的整个表面覆盖着6千万个二极管,
09:00
red, blue, and green,
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红色的,蓝色的,绿色的,
09:02
that allow you to have a high-resolution picture, visible in daylight.
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让你有高品质的画面,白天也看得见。
09:06
I came with a plan.
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我有了个计划。
09:08
I brought it to Paul MacCready's company AeroVironment
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我把它带到了 Paul MacCready的公司 AeroVironment
09:12
to do a feasibility study,
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做可行性的研究,
09:14
and they analyzed it,
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他们分析了这个飞船,
09:16
and came up with a lot of innovative ideas about how to propel it.
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想出了很多如何推进它的创新性点子。
09:19
So we have a physical plan of how to make this actually happen.
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现在我们有了一个让它变为现实的计划。
09:23
This is the control room inside of the ship.
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这是飞船内部的控制室。
09:28
The idea of this air genie is,
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这个点子,
09:30
it's something that can just transform and become anything.
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就是一些东西能够变形成为其它的东西。
09:33
It's like a traveling show.
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就像是旅游节目。
09:35
It has speakers on it. And it has cameras
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它有麦克风。它的表面
09:38
over the surface of it.
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有摄像头。
09:41
So it can see its environment,
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所以可以看见它所处的环境,
09:43
and then it can mimic its environment and disappear.
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然后能够模仿它的环境从而变为消失。
09:46
Here the legs are retracting.
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它的腿可以回缩。
09:48
The cabin is open or closed, as you like.
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船舱可以随你喜好开或关。
09:51
It weighs about 20 tons.
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它大概重20吨。
09:54
It has on-board generators.
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它有自己的发电机。
09:56
It can generate about a million kilowatts,
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能够发出大约1百万千瓦的电力,
09:58
in order to be bright enough
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足够亮得让你
10:01
to be visible in daylight.
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在白天也能看得见。
10:03
The idea of it is to make a kind of a traveling show.
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这个点子是 做个好象旅游的节目。
10:06
It really would be dedicated to the arts and to interacting.
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它真的可以用于艺术和互动。
10:11
There would be on board a crew of artists, musicians,
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船员可以是艺术家们,音乐家们。
10:15
that would allow the thing to become
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这样飞船就
10:17
actually kind of a conscious object
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实际上成为了
10:19
that would respond to the moment,
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能够回复的有思想的物体,
10:22
and to interact as an entity
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作为一个整体
10:24
that was aware, that could communicate.
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互动,交流。
10:27
It's completely silent and nonpolluting.
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这几乎没有噪音也不污染环境。
10:30
It has electric motors with a novel propulsion system.
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它具有电驱动新型推进系统。
10:34
It could be interacted with large crowds in different ways.
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可以用不同的方式同大众交流。
10:38
Primarily I would be interested in
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我主要的感兴趣的是,
10:40
how it would interact with, say,
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它如何交流,比如说,
10:42
going to a college campus,
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大学校区,
10:44
and then being used as a way of talking about the earth sciences,
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或用于研究地球科学,
10:47
the world, the situation of the globe.
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世界,全球的情况。
10:50
The default image on the object
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物体上的默认图片
10:52
would probably be a high-resolution Earth image.
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大概是高品质的地球图片。
10:56
But then one could interact with that
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但是它可以通过互动,
10:59
and show plate tectonics or global warming issues, or migrations --
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显示板块构造或者温室效应,或者迁徙-
11:03
all of the things that we're concerned with today.
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我们现在关心的所有问题。
11:06
And then at night the idea is that
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晚上时,
11:09
it would be used as kind of a rave situation,
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它用来做锐舞派对,
11:12
where the people could cut loose,
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人们可以放松下来,
11:14
and the music and the lights, and everything.
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听听音乐,欣赏灯光,很多事情。
11:18
So it could land in a park, for example.
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比如说,它在一个公园着陆。
11:20
Or this could represent a college green.
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或者可以代表大学城。
11:23
And then it would have a corresponding website
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它还有个相应的网站
11:26
that would show the itinerary of this.
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说明它的行程。
11:28
And so interacting with the same kind of imagery.
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还有同样类型的图片随之互动。
11:31
It would also be able to be an open code,
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还能够有开放代码,
11:35
so people could interact with it.
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这样人们也可以与之交流。
11:37
It would be forum for people's ideas about
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还可以有个论坛,
11:40
what they would like to see on a giant screen of this type.
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讨论人们希望在这个巨大的屏幕上看到什么。
11:43
So that's pretty much it.
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大概就是这么多吧。
11:46
Okay. Thank you.
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好啦。谢谢大家。
11:48
(Applause)
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(鼓掌)
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