What we can do about the culture of hate | Sally Kohn

141,073 views ・ 2018-04-11

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Mile Živković
00:12
So people tell me I'm a nice person ...
0
12951
3001
Dakle ljudi mi kažu da sam fina osoba...
00:18
to the point where it's part of my personal and professional identity
1
18020
4043
do te mere da je to deo moje ličnosti i profesionalnog identiteta
00:22
that I'm so nice and able to get along with anyone,
2
22087
4339
da sam toliko fina i u stanju da se slažem sa svima,
00:26
even my most fierce opponents.
3
26450
3234
čak i svojim najljućim protivnicima.
00:30
It's like my "thing," it's what I'm known for.
4
30837
2210
Nešto kao moj "fazon", nešto po čemu sam poznata.
00:33
(Laughter)
5
33071
2966
(Smeh)
00:36
But what no one knows ...
6
36061
2936
Međutim, nešto što niko ne zna...
00:41
is that I was a bully.
7
41063
1523
je da sam bila siledžija.
00:44
Honestly, I didn't think about it much myself.
8
44709
2412
Iskreno, nisam mnogo razmišljala o tome.
00:47
I buried the memories for years,
9
47145
3478
Godinama sam potiskivala sećanja,
00:50
and even still, a lot of it's really hazy.
10
50647
3532
čak i danas, mnogo toga je uistinu maglovito.
00:54
Denial, by the way, apparently is also one of my things.
11
54203
2643
Poricanje, usput, očito je takođe moj fazon.
00:56
(Laughter)
12
56870
1229
(Smeh)
00:58
But the more people started to praise me
13
58123
2556
No, što su me više ljudi hvalili
01:00
for being a liberal who could get along with conservatives,
14
60703
2763
jer sam liberal koji se slaže sa konzervativcima,
01:03
and the more I wrote articles about being nice
15
63490
2151
i što sam više pisala članke o pristojnosti
01:05
and gave talks about being nice,
16
65665
3024
i držala govore o pristojnosti,
01:08
the more I felt this hypocrisy creeping up inside me.
17
68713
4155
sve više sam osećala kako mi se ovo licemerje prikrada iznutra.
01:14
What if I was actually really mean?
18
74865
1825
Šta ako sam zapravo veoma zla?
01:19
When I was 10 years old,
19
79877
2737
Kada mi je bilo 10 godina,
01:24
there was a girl in my class at school named Vicky.
20
84155
3020
u mom odeljenju je bila devojčica po imenu Viki.
01:27
(Sigh)
21
87199
1449
(Uzdah)
01:28
And I tormented her ...
22
88672
1546
I ja sam je maltretirala...
01:32
mercilessly.
23
92330
1150
bespoštedno.
01:35
I mean, everyone did.
24
95359
1391
Mislim, svako je to radio.
01:36
Even the teachers picked on her.
25
96774
1584
Čak su i nastavnici imali pik na nju.
01:39
It doesn't make it any better, does it?
26
99769
1897
Ne zvuči nimalo lepše, zar ne?
01:42
Vicky was clearly a troubled kid.
27
102975
3343
Viki je očito bila dete s problemima.
01:46
She would hit herself and give herself bloody noses
28
106342
2542
Udarala bi se dok joj nos prokrvari
01:48
and she had hygiene problems --
29
108908
1517
i imala je probleme s higijenom -
01:50
she had big hygiene problems.
30
110449
1861
imala je velike probelem s higijenom.
01:53
But instead of helping this girl,
31
113193
2145
Međutim, umesto da pomognemo ovoj devojčici,
01:55
who was plainly suffering from hardships in her life ...
32
115362
3133
koja je očito patila zbog poteškoća u njenom životu...
01:59
we called her "Sticky Vicky."
33
119889
1920
zvali smo je "Smrdiviki".
02:03
I called her "Sticky Vicky."
34
123821
1750
Ja sam je zvala "Smrdiviki".
02:08
My clearest memory is standing in the empty hallway
35
128634
4359
Moje najjasnije sećanje je kako stojim u praznom hodniku
02:13
outside the fifth grade classrooms
36
133017
1930
ispred učionice u petom razredu
02:14
waiting for Vicky to come out of the bathroom,
37
134971
2800
čekajući na Viki da izađe iz toaleta,
02:17
and I have a clipboard and a pen and a survey I've made up,
38
137795
3191
i držala sam notes i olovku i anketu koju sam izmislila,
02:21
asking about shampoo preferences,
39
141010
1766
u kojoj pitam o omiljenim šamponima,
02:22
like I'm doing a study for science class or something.
40
142800
3115
kao da radim istraživanje za naučni predmet i slično.
02:25
And when Vicky comes out of the bathroom,
41
145939
2401
A kada je Viki izašla iz toaleta,
02:28
I pounce on her and I ask her what shampoo she uses.
42
148364
2810
zaskočila sam je i upitala koji šampon koristi.
02:31
Now, to put this in perspective,
43
151198
2206
Sad, da bih ovome dala kontekst,
02:33
I can't remember the names of my teachers,
44
153428
2043
ne sećam se imena nastavnika,
02:35
I can't remember the names of any of the books I read that year,
45
155495
3017
ne sećam se imena nijedne knjige koju sam pročitala te godine,
02:38
I pretty much can't remember anything from fifth grade,
46
158536
2572
skoro da se ne sećam bilo čega iz petog razreda,
02:41
but I remember that Vicky told me she used White Rain shampoo.
47
161132
2947
ali se sećam da mi je Viki rekla da koristi šampon vajt rejn.
02:45
Clear as yesterday,
48
165285
1181
Jasno kao dan,
02:46
like it just happened.
49
166490
1150
kao da se upravo desilo.
02:48
And as classes let out,
50
168775
1150
I dok je zvonilo za kraj časova,
02:49
I ran down the hall shouting at all the other kids,
51
169949
2779
jurila sam niz hodnik vičući svoj drugoj deci:
02:52
"Sticky Vicky uses White Rain shampoo.
52
172752
2357
"Smrdiviki koristi šampon vajt rejn.
02:55
Don't use White Rain shampoo
53
175133
1871
Ne koristite vajt rejn šampon
02:57
or you'll smell like Sticky Vicky."
54
177028
3157
ili ćete da mirišete kao Smrdiviki."
03:02
I forgot about this memory for a long time.
55
182641
2001
Zaboravila sam ovo sećanje dugo vremena.
03:04
When I finally started remembering it,
56
184666
1840
Kada sam konačno počela da ga se sećam,
03:06
I immediately needed to know more.
57
186530
1621
momentalno sam morala da znam više.
03:08
I reached out to friends and eventually social media,
58
188175
2492
Obratila sam se prijateljima i naposletku društevnim mrežama
03:10
and I did everything I could to try to find Vicky.
59
190691
2335
i učinila sam sve što sam mogla da pronađem Viki.
03:13
I needed to know that she was OK,
60
193050
2802
Bilo mi je potrebno da znam da je dobro,
03:15
and that I hadn't ruined her life.
61
195876
1670
i da joj nisam uništila život.
03:19
(Sigh)
62
199471
1039
(Uzdah)
03:20
But what I quickly realized
63
200534
1520
No, ubrzo sam shvatila
03:22
was I wasn't just trying to figure out what happened to Vicky.
64
202078
2952
da nisam jedino pokušavala da saznam šta se desilo sa Viki.
03:25
I was trying to figure out what happened to me.
65
205369
2287
Pokušavala sam da saznam šta se desilo sa mnom.
03:29
When I was 10 years old,
66
209802
1294
Kada mi je bilo 10 godina,
03:31
I treated another human being like some worthless other ...
67
211120
4769
tretirala sam drugo ljudsko biće kao bezvrednog tuđina...
03:36
like I was better than her,
68
216820
1476
kao da sam bolja od nje,
03:39
and she was garbage.
69
219349
1219
a ona je šljam.
03:42
What kind of a nice person does that?
70
222076
1830
Kakva fina osoba to radi?
03:44
I mean, I know I was only a kid,
71
224578
1611
Mislim, znam da sam bila tek dete,
03:46
but not all kids do that.
72
226213
1482
ali ne postupaju sva deca tako.
03:47
Most kids don't do that, right?
73
227719
2249
Većina dece tako ne postupa, zar ne?
03:51
So, what if I wasn't nice after all?
74
231168
2369
Pa, šta ako, na kraju, uopšte nisam fina?
03:53
I was really just a hateful monster.
75
233561
2817
Zaista sam samo okrutno čudovište.
03:57
Then I started to notice myself having these mean impulses,
76
237914
4892
Onda sam počela da zapažam sebe dok imam te zlobne porive,
04:02
thinking mean thoughts
77
242830
1846
imam zlobne misli
04:04
and wanting to say them.
78
244700
1216
i želim da ih izgovorim.
04:08
Admittedly, most of my mean thoughts were about conservatives.
79
248026
3169
Priznajem, većina mojih zlobnih misli je o konzervativcima.
04:11
(Laughter)
80
251219
4790
(Smeh)
Ali ne samo o konzervativcima.
04:16
But not just conservatives.
81
256033
1328
04:17
I also caught myself thinking mean things about mushy, centrist liberals
82
257385
4101
Takođe sam se uhvatila kako imam zlobne misli o pekmezavim, liberalima centra
04:21
and greedy Wall Street bankers
83
261510
1878
i pohlepnim bankarima Vol Strita
04:23
and Islamophobes
84
263412
1458
i islamofobima
04:24
and slow drivers,
85
264894
1474
i sporim vozačima
04:26
because I really hate slow drivers.
86
266392
2285
jer ja zaista mrzim spore vozače.
04:28
(Laughter)
87
268701
2519
(Smeh)
04:31
And as I'd catch myself in these moments of hypocrisy,
88
271244
3000
I dok sam se hvatala u tim trenucima licemerja,
04:34
either I was just noticing them or they were getting worse,
89
274268
3699
ili sam ih tek primećivala ili su postajali sve gori,
04:37
especially in the last few years.
90
277991
1583
naročito u proteklih nekolik godina.
04:40
And as I felt more hateful --
91
280149
2125
I osećala sam sve više mržnje -
04:42
rageful, really --
92
282298
2288
gnevno, zaista -
04:44
I noticed the world around me seemed to be getting more hateful, too.
93
284610
3240
prmetila sam da i svet oko mene postaje sve više ispunjen mržnjom.
04:47
Like there was this steady undercurrent of hate
94
287874
2554
Kao da imamo istrajnu struju mržnje
04:50
bubbling up all around us
95
290452
2105
koja ključa svuda oko nas
04:52
and increasingly overflowing.
96
292581
1707
i sve češće izaziva poplave.
04:55
So the plus side, I guess,
97
295973
2488
Dakle, dobra strana, valjda,
04:58
is that I realized that hate was not just my problem,
98
298485
5218
je da sam uvidela da mržnja nije sam moj problem,
05:03
which is like, the most selfish plus side ever --
99
303727
3095
a to je poput najsebičnije dobre strane ikad -
05:06
(Laughter)
100
306846
1527
(Smeh)
05:08
because now instead of just my own hate and cruelty to try to figure out,
101
308813
5516
jer sad umesto da pokušavam da shvatim sopstvenu mržnju i okrutnost,
05:14
I had a whole world of hate I wanted to unravel
102
314353
3981
preda mnom je bio ceo svet mržnje koji sam želela da razotkrijem
05:18
and understand and fix.
103
318358
2055
i razumem i ispravim.
05:22
So I did what all overly intellectual people do when they have a problem
104
322506
4977
Pa sam uradila što i svi preterano intelektualni ljudi kad imaju problem
05:27
that they want to understand,
105
327507
1547
koji žele da razumeju,
05:29
and I wrote a book.
106
329078
1151
napisala sam knjigu.
05:30
(Laughter)
107
330253
2181
(Smeh)
05:33
I wrote a book about hate.
108
333026
1893
Napisala sam knjigu o mržnji.
05:35
Spoiler alert:
109
335407
1150
Pažnja spojler:
05:37
I'm against it.
110
337443
1151
protivnica sam mržnje.
05:38
(Laughter)
111
338618
2777
(Smeh)
05:41
Now at this point, you might be thinking to yourself,
112
341419
2582
Sad, u ovom momentu, možda u sebi mislite:
05:44
"Why are y'all worried about hate?
113
344025
1800
"Zašto se sekiraš zbog mržnje?
05:45
You didn't hate Vicky.
114
345849
1151
Nisi mrzela Viki.
05:47
Bullying isn't hate."
115
347024
1776
Siledžijstvo nije mržnja."
05:50
Isn't it?
116
350474
1150
Je li tako?
05:53
Gordon Allport,
117
353267
1309
Gordon Alport,
05:54
the psychologist who pioneered the study of hate in the early 1900s,
118
354600
4222
psiholog koji je bio pionir istraživanja mržnje iz ranih 1900-ih,
05:58
developed what he called a "scale of prejudice."
119
358846
2493
razvio je nešto što se naziva "skalom predrasuda".
06:01
At one end are things like genocide and other bias-motivated violence.
120
361363
5722
Na jednom kraju su pojave poput genocida i ostalo nasilje motivisano predrasudama.
06:07
But at the other end
121
367109
1532
Ali na drugom kraju
06:08
are things like believing that your in-group
122
368665
3165
su pojave poput ubeđenja da je grupa kojoj pripadate
06:11
is inherently superior to some out-group,
123
371854
3596
po prirodi superiorna nekoj drugoj grupi;
06:15
or avoiding social interaction with those others.
124
375474
4763
ili izbegavanje društvenih interakcija sa tim drugima.
06:21
Isn't that all hate?
125
381583
1206
Zar nije sve to mržnja?
06:24
I mean, it wasn't an accident
126
384186
1811
Mislim, nije slučajno
06:26
that I was a rich kid picking on a poor kid,
127
386021
3166
da sam ja bila bogato dete koje maltretira siromašno dete
06:30
or that Vicky, it turns out, would eventually end up being gay.
128
390982
4230
ili da je Viki, kako će se ispostaviti, naposletku ispala gej.
06:36
Poor kids and gay kids are more likely to be bullied,
129
396861
4093
Siromašnu i gej decu češće maltretiraju,
06:40
even by kids who also end up being gay.
130
400978
3285
čak i ona deca koja će takođe da ispadnu gej.
06:45
I know there was a lot going on in my little 10-year-old mind.
131
405988
2906
Znam da se svašta dešavalo u mom malom umu 10-ogodišnjakinje.
06:48
I'm not saying hate was the only reason I picked on Vicky
132
408918
2668
Ne kažem da je mržnja jedini razlog što sam maltretirala Viki
06:51
or even that I was consciously hateful or anything,
133
411610
2974
ili, pak, da sam svesno mrzela i slično,
06:54
but the fact is,
134
414608
1828
ali činjenica je
06:56
the people we discriminate against in our public policies and in our culture
135
416460
4945
da ljude koje diskriminišemo u našim javnim politikama i kulturi
07:01
are also the groups of people most likely to be bullied in school.
136
421429
4579
su takođe grupe ljudi koje najčešće maltretiraju u školi.
07:07
That is not just a coincidence.
137
427984
1682
Ne radi se o pukoj slučajnosti.
07:11
That's hate.
138
431799
1391
To je mržnja.
07:15
I am defining hate in a broad way
139
435554
2371
Mržnju definišem široko
07:19
because I think we have a big problem.
140
439451
2889
jer verujem da imamo veliki problem.
07:23
And we need to solve all of it, not just the most extremes.
141
443214
3659
I moramo čitavog da ga rešimo, a ne samo najekstremnije slučajeve.
07:26
So for instance,
142
446897
1251
Dakle, na primer,
07:28
we probably all agree that marching down the street,
143
448172
2564
svi ćemo se verovatno složiti da je marširanje ulicom
07:30
chanting about you should take away rights from some group of people
144
450760
3278
dok uzvkujete kako bi trebalo uzeti prava nekoj grupi ljudi
07:34
because of their skin color or their gender,
145
454062
2050
zbog njihove boje kože ili roda,
07:36
we'd all agree that's hate, right? OK.
146
456136
1949
svi ćemo se složiti da je to mržnja, zar ne? U redu.
07:39
What if you believe that group of people is inferior,
147
459594
3793
Šta ako verujete da je ta grupa ljudi inferiorna,
07:44
but you don't say it?
148
464771
1210
ali to ne izgovarate?
07:47
Is that hate?
149
467546
1150
Da li je to mržnja?
07:49
Or what if you believe that group of people is inferior
150
469780
3620
Ili šta ako verujete da je ta grupa ljudi inferiorna,
07:53
but you aren't aware that you believe it --
151
473424
2270
ali niste svesni da u to verujete -
07:55
what's known as implicit bias.
152
475718
1586
a to se smatra implicitnom predrasudom.
07:57
Is that hate?
153
477990
1150
Da li je to mržnja?
07:59
I mean they all have the same roots, don't they?
154
479918
2239
Mislim, sve one imaju zajednički koren, zar ne?
08:02
In the historic patterns of racism and sexism
155
482181
3014
U istorijskim obrascima rasizma i seksizma
08:05
that have shaped our history and still infect our society today.
156
485219
3084
koji su oblikovali našu istoriju i dalje inficiraju naša društva.
08:08
Isn't it all hate?
157
488327
1481
Zar to nije mržnja?
08:10
I'm not saying they're the same thing,
158
490573
2493
Ne govorim da je to jedno te isto,
08:13
just like I am not saying
159
493090
2326
isto kao što ne govorim
08:15
that being a bully is as bad as being a Nazi,
160
495440
2754
da je biti siledžija jednako loše kao biti nacista,
08:18
just like I'm not saying that being a Nazi is the same thing as punching a Nazi ...
161
498218
3944
isto kao što ne govorim da je biti nacista isto što i odalamiti nacistu...
08:22
(Laughter)
162
502636
5699
(Smeh)
08:28
But hating a Nazi is still hate, right?
163
508359
3994
Međutim, mržnja prema nacistima je i dalje mržnja, zar ne?
08:33
What about hating someone who isn't as enlightened as you?
164
513294
2716
Šta ako mrzite nekoga ko nije prosvećen koliko i vi?
08:37
See, what I learned
165
517231
2071
Vidite, spoznala sam
08:40
is that we all are against hate
166
520533
2540
da smo svi mi protiv mržnje
08:43
and we all think hate is a problem.
167
523097
2007
i svi mi mislimo da je ona problem.
08:45
We think it's their problem,
168
525929
1739
Smatramo da je njihov problem,
08:48
not our problem.
169
528550
1443
ne naš problem.
08:50
They're hateful.
170
530824
1302
Oni mrze.
08:52
I mean, if I think the people who didn't vote like me
171
532690
2529
Mislim, ako smatram ljude koji nisu glasali kao ja
08:55
are stupid racist monsters who don't deserve to call themselves Americans,
172
535243
3477
glupim, rasističkim čudovištima koja ne zaslužuju da se nazivaju Amerikancima,
08:58
alright, fine, I'm not being nice,
173
538744
1679
u redu, dobro, nisam fina,
09:00
I get it.
174
540447
1247
razumem.
09:01
(Laughter)
175
541718
1397
(Smeh)
09:03
I'm not hateful, I'm just right, right?
176
543139
3270
Ne mrzim, samo sam u pravu, je li tako?
09:06
(Laughter)
177
546433
1683
(Smeh)
09:08
Wrong.
178
548140
1150
Nije tako.
09:11
We all hate.
179
551346
2349
Svi mi mrzimo.
09:14
And I do not mean that in some abstract, generic sense.
180
554568
4250
I ne mislim to u nekakvom apstraktnom, uopštenom smislu.
09:18
I mean all of us ...
181
558842
2201
Mislim svi mi...
09:22
me and you.
182
562571
1540
ja i vi.
09:25
That sanctimonious pedestal of superiority on which we all place ourselves,
183
565684
5245
Taj uzvišeni presto superiornosti na koji smeštamo sebe,
09:30
that they are hateful and we are not,
184
570953
3327
gde su oni puni mržnje, a mi nismo
09:34
is a manifestation of the essential root of hate:
185
574304
3874
je otelotvorenje suštinskog korena mržnje:
09:38
that we are fundamentally good and they are not,
186
578202
3529
gde smo mi temeljno dobri, a oni nisu,
09:43
which is what needs to change.
187
583106
1589
a to mora da se promeni.
09:45
So in trying to understand and solve hate,
188
585968
3757
Pa, pokušavajući da razumem i rešim problem mržnje,
09:49
I read every book and every research study I could find,
189
589749
2918
pročitala sam sve knjige i sva istraživanja koja sam našla,
09:52
but I also went and talked to some former Nazis
190
592691
4166
ali sam takođe išla da razgovaram sa nekim bivšim nacistima
09:56
and some former terrorists
191
596881
1509
i nekim bivšim teroristima
09:58
and some former genocidal killers,
192
598414
2612
i nekim bvšim genocidnim ubicama
10:01
because I figured if they could figure out how to escape hate,
193
601050
4184
jer sam razmišljala, ako su oni mogli da shvate kako da uteknu mržnji,
10:05
surely the rest of us could.
194
605258
1430
svakako da i mi ostali možemo.
10:07
Let me give you just one example of the former terrorist I spent time with
195
607617
4187
Daću vam samo jedan primer bivšeg teroriste sa kojim sam se družila
10:11
in the West Bank.
196
611828
1248
u Vest Benku.
10:13
When Bassam Aramin was 16 years old,
197
613719
2850
Kada je Basamu Araminu bilo 16 godina,
10:17
he tried to blow up an Israeli military convoy with a grenade.
198
617692
4325
pokušao je granatom da raznese izraelski vojni konvoj.
10:23
He failed, fortunately,
199
623828
2374
Srećom, nije uspeo,
10:26
but he was still sentenced to seven years in prison.
200
626226
2430
ali su ga i dalje osudili na sedam godina zatvora.
10:28
When he was in prison, they showed a film about the Holocaust.
201
628680
2937
Dok je bio u zatvoru prikazali su film o Holokaustu.
10:31
Up until that point,
202
631641
1151
Do tog trenutka,
10:32
Bassam had thought the Holocaust was mostly a myth.
203
632816
2869
Basam je mislio kako je Holokaust uglavnom mit.
10:35
He went to go watch the film
204
635709
1800
Pošao je da gleda film
10:37
because he thought he would enjoy seeing Jews get killed.
205
637533
3086
jer je mislio da će da uživa posmatrajući kako ubijaju Jevreje.
10:42
But when he saw what really happened, he broke down crying.
206
642424
3763
No, kada je video šta se zaista dogodilo, slomio se u suzama.
10:47
And eventually, after prison,
207
647691
1426
I vremenom će, nakon zatvora,
10:49
Bassam went on to get a master's degree in Holocaust studies
208
649141
3361
Basam se zaputiti i steći diplomu mastera na studijama o Holokaustu
10:52
and he founded an organization where former Palestinian combatants
209
652526
4031
i osnovao je organizaciju gde se bivši palestinski
10:56
and Israeli combatants come together,
210
656581
2381
i izraelski borci okupljaju,
10:59
work together, try to find common ground.
211
659963
2660
rade zajedno, pokušavaju da nađu zajednički jezik.
11:04
By his own account, Bassam used to hate Israelis,
212
664287
3492
Prema sopstvenim rečima, Basam je nekad mrzeo Izraelce,
11:09
but through knowing Israelis and learning their stories
213
669304
3152
ali upoznajući Izraelce i učeći njihove priče
11:12
and working together for peace,
214
672480
1785
i radeći zajedno s njima zarad mira,
11:14
he overcame his hate.
215
674289
1262
prevazišao je mržnju.
11:17
Bassam says he still doesn't hate Israelis,
216
677654
3535
Basam kaže kako i dalje ne mrzi Izraelce,
11:22
even after the Israeli military --
217
682183
1769
čak i nakon što je izraelska vojska -
11:25
shot and killed his [10]-year-old daughter, Abir,
218
685232
2386
upucala i ubila njegovu desetogodišnju kćerku Abir
11:27
while she was walking to school.
219
687642
1700
dok je išla u školu.
11:32
(Sigh)
220
692021
2007
(Uzdah)
11:34
Bassam even forgave the soldier who killed his daughter.
221
694339
2763
Basam je čak oprostio vojniku koji mu je ubio kćerku.
11:38
That soldier, he taught me,
222
698339
1761
Taj vojnik, podučavao me je,
11:41
was just a product of the same hateful system as he was.
223
701998
4222
prosto je proizvod istog sistema mržnje kao što je i sam bio.
11:51
If a former terrorist ...
224
711515
2212
Ako bivši terorista...
11:56
if a terrorist can learn to stop hating
225
716169
4254
ako terorista može da nauči da prestane da mrzi
12:00
and still not hate when their child is killed,
226
720447
2144
i i dalje da ne mrzi kada mu ubiju dete,
12:02
surely the rest of us can stop our habits
227
722615
4006
svakako da i mi ostali možemo da prekinemo naše navike
12:06
of demeaning and dehumanizing each other.
228
726645
2610
da unižavamo i onečovečujemo jedni druge.
12:09
And I will tell you there are stories like Bassam's all over the world,
229
729279
3334
I tvrdim da priče poput Basamove postoje širom sveta,
12:12
plus study after study after study
230
732637
1961
plus istraživanje za istraživanjem
12:14
that says, no, we are neither designed nor destined as human beings to hate,
231
734622
5119
koje kaže, ne, niti smo stvoreni niti smo osuđeni kao ljudska bića na mržnju,
12:19
but rather taught to hate by the world around us.
232
739765
3620
već nas je pre svet oko nas podučio mržnji.
12:23
I promise you,
233
743409
1175
Obećavam vam
12:24
none of us pops out of the womb hating black people or Republicans.
234
744608
3494
da niko od nas nije iskočio iz utrobe mrzeći crnce ili Republikance.
12:28
There is nothing in our DNA that makes us hate Muslims or Mexicans.
235
748126
4889
Ništa u našoj DNK ne postoji zbog čega mrzimo muslimane ili Meksikance.
12:33
For better or for worse,
236
753513
1202
Bilo kako bilo,
12:34
we are all a product of the culture around us.
237
754739
3552
svi smo mi proizvod kulture koja nas okružuje.
12:39
And the good news is,
238
759870
2049
A dobre vesti su:
12:41
we're also the ones who shape that culture,
239
761943
2744
mi smo takođe ti koji oblikuju tu kulturu,
12:46
which means we can change it.
240
766139
1592
što znači da je možemo promeniti.
12:48
The first step is starting to recognize the hate inside ourselves.
241
768661
5400
Prvi korak je da počnemo da prepoznajemo mržnju u nama samima.
12:54
We need to catch ourselves
242
774085
1609
Moramo da hvatamo sebe
12:55
and our hateful thoughts in all their forms
243
775718
2482
i naše misli pune mržnje u svim njihovim oblicima
12:58
in all of us ...
244
778224
1763
u svima nama...
13:01
and work to challenge our ideas and assumptions.
245
781556
2368
i da težimo izazivanju naših ideja i pretpostavki.
13:03
That doesn't happen overnight,
246
783948
1446
To se ne dešava preko noći,
13:05
I am telling you right here,
247
785418
1355
to vam ja kažem,
13:06
it is a lifelong journey, but it's one we all need to take.
248
786797
2904
radi se o celoživotnom putovanju, na koje svi moramo da krenemo.
13:10
And then second:
249
790367
1175
A potom pod dva:
13:11
if we want to challenge the hate in our societies,
250
791566
3381
ako želimo da se suprotstavimo mržnji u našim društvima,
13:14
we need to promote policies and institutions and practices
251
794971
3945
moramo da promovišemo zakone, institucije i prakse
13:18
that connect us as communities.
252
798940
2729
koje nas povezuju kao zajednice.
13:22
Literally, like integrated neighborhoods and schools.
253
802295
3070
Bukvalno, poput integrisanih komšiluka i škola.
13:25
That by the way is the reason to support integration.
254
805389
2478
To je, usput, razlog za podršku integraciji.
13:27
Not just because it's the right thing to do,
255
807891
2253
Ne samo zato što je to nešto ispravno,
13:30
but because integration systematically combats hate.
256
810168
3425
već zato što se integracija sistematski bori sa mržnjom.
13:33
There are studies that teenagers who participate
257
813617
2334
Postoje istraživanja da tinejdžeri koji učestvuju u rasno integrisanim
13:35
in racially integrated classes and activities reduce their racial bias.
258
815975
4187
učionicama i aktivnostima imaju manje rasnih predrasuda.
13:40
And when little kids go to racially integrated kindergartens
259
820186
3370
A kada dečica pohađaju rasno integrisane vrtiće
13:43
and elementary schools --
260
823580
2120
i osnovne škole -
13:45
they develop less bias to begin with.
261
825724
1801
u startu razvijaju manje predrasuda.
13:48
But the fact is in so many ways and in so many places around our world,
262
828672
3921
Međutim, činjenica je da na razne načine i na mnogim mestima širom sveta,
13:52
we are separated from each other.
263
832617
2771
razdvojeni smo jedni od drugih.
13:56
In the United States, for instance,
264
836740
2232
U Sjedinjenim Državama, na primer,
13:58
three-quarters of white people don't have any non-white friends.
265
838996
4443
tri četvrtine belaca nemaju nebelačke prijatelje.
14:04
So in addition to promoting those proactive solutions,
266
844683
4070
Pa, uz promovisanje proaktivnih rešenja,
14:08
the other thing we need to do is upend the hate in our institutions
267
848777
3826
druga stvar koju moramo da uradimo je da okončamo mržnju u našim institucijama
14:12
and our policies
268
852627
1436
i našim politikama
14:14
that perpetuate dehumanization and difference
269
854087
4739
koje ovekovečuju dehumanizaciju i različitost
14:18
and otherizing and hate,
270
858850
1928
i tuđinstvo i mržnju,
14:20
like systems of sexual harassment and sexual assault in the workplace,
271
860802
5739
poput sistema seksualnog uznemiravanja i seksualnih napada na radnom mestu
14:26
or our deeply racially imbalanced
272
866565
4165
ili naših duboko rasno neuravnoteženih
14:30
and deeply racially biased criminal "justice" system.
273
870754
3371
i duboko rasno pristrasnih sistema kriminalne "pravde".
14:34
We need to change that.
274
874814
1656
Moramo to da promenimo.
14:36
Again, it will not happen overnight.
275
876494
1866
Opet, neće se desiti preko noći.
14:38
It needs to happen.
276
878384
1950
Mora da se desi.
14:41
And then ...
277
881763
1150
A potom...
14:44
when we connect together
278
884123
1492
kada se međusobno povežemo
14:46
in these connection spaces,
279
886885
2722
u ovim prostorima povezivanja,
14:50
facilitated by connection systems,
280
890518
2801
obezbeđenim sistemima povezivanja,
14:54
we need to change the way we talk to each other
281
894591
2783
moramo da promenimo način na koji međusobno razgovaramo
14:58
and connect with one another
282
898992
1478
i međusobno se povezujemo
15:00
and relate with generosity and open-mindedness
283
900494
5349
i da se odnosimo sa darežljivošću i otvorenošću,
15:05
and kindness and compassion
284
905867
1405
pristojnošću i saosećajnošću,
15:07
and not hate.
285
907296
1183
a ne mržnjom.
15:09
And that's it.
286
909837
1415
I to je to.
15:11
That's it.
287
911276
1151
To je to.
15:12
(Applause)
288
912451
4262
(Aplauz)
15:16
I have solved it all, right?
289
916737
2095
Rešila sam ga skroz, zar ne?
15:18
That's it.
290
918856
1151
To je to.
15:20
That is pretty much --
291
920031
1159
To je uglavnom -
15:21
there's a few details --
292
921214
1167
postoji nekoliko detalja -
15:22
but that's pretty much all we have to do.
293
922405
1954
ali to je uglavnom sve što treba da uradimo.
15:24
It's not that complicated, right?
294
924383
1723
Nije komplikovano, zar ne?
15:27
But it's hard.
295
927556
1287
Ali jeste teško.
15:30
The hate that we feel towards certain groups of people
296
930279
4460
Mržnja koju osećamo prema određenim grupama ljudi
15:35
because of who they are or what they believe
297
935814
2848
zbog toga ko su ili u šta veruju
15:38
is so ingrained in our minds and in our society
298
938686
3412
je toliko usađena u naš um i u naša društva
15:42
that it can feel inevitable
299
942122
1539
da se može činiti neizbežnom
15:45
and impossible to change.
300
945031
1446
i da je nemoguće promeniti.
15:49
Change is possible.
301
949393
1284
Promena je moguća.
15:53
Just look at the terrorist who became a peace activist.
302
953148
4587
Samo pogledajte teroristu koji je postao aktivista za mir.
15:59
Or look at the bully who learned to apologize to her victim.
303
959483
5032
Ili pogledajte nasilnicu koja je naučila kako da se izvini žrtvi.
16:07
The entire time I was traveling around the Middle East and Rwanda
304
967338
5152
Sve vreme dok sam putovala širom Srednjeg istoka i Ruande
16:12
and across the United States,
305
972514
1383
i širom Sjedinjenih Država,
16:13
hearing these unbelievable stories of people in communities
306
973921
4085
slušajući ove neverovatne priče o ljudima i zajednicama
16:18
who had left entire histories of hate behind,
307
978030
2683
koji su za sobom ostavili čitave istorije mržnje,
16:20
I was still looking for Vicky.
308
980737
1457
i dalje sam tragala za Viki.
Toliko je teško bilo naći da sam unajmila privatnog detektiva
16:23
It was so hard find her that I hired a private investigator
309
983024
2786
16:25
and he found her.
310
985834
1438
i on je našao.
16:27
I mean, he sort of found her.
311
987296
1898
Mislim, na neki način je našao.
16:29
The truth is, it became clear that the person I'm calling Vicky
312
989218
4305
Uistinu, postalo je jasno da je osoba koju nazivam Viki
16:33
had gone to extraordinary lengths to hide her identity.
313
993547
4792
učinila nemoguće da sakrije svoj identitet.
16:40
But anyway, a year after I began my journey,
314
1000564
3865
Međutim, kako god, godinu nakon što sam započela putovanje,
16:46
I wrote Vicky an apology.
315
1006556
1496
napisala sam izvinjenje za Viki.
16:50
And a few months later,
316
1010199
1262
A nekoliko meseci kasnije,
16:52
she wrote back.
317
1012600
1150
odgovorila je.
16:54
(Sigh)
318
1014667
2063
(Uzdah)
16:57
I'm not going to lie,
319
1017090
1868
Neću vas lagati,
16:58
I wanted to be forgiven.
320
1018982
1702
želela sam da mi oprosti.
17:05
I wasn't.
321
1025018
1150
Nije.
17:06
(Sigh)
322
1026192
1150
(Uzdah)
17:07
She offered me sort of conditional forgiveness.
323
1027815
2929
Ponudila mi je neki vid uslovnog oprosta.
17:10
What she wrote was ...
324
1030768
1253
Napisala je sledeće...
17:13
"Messages such as yours cannot absolve you of your past actions.
325
1033158
4667
"Poruke slične tvojoj ne mogu da te oslobode postupaka iz prošlosti.
17:18
The only way to do that is to improve the world,
326
1038914
3343
Jedini način da to postigneš je da unaprediš svet,
17:22
prevent others from behaving in similar ways
327
1042281
2315
da sprečiš druge da se slično ponašaju
17:26
and foster compassion."
328
1046093
1509
i da gajiš saosećajnost."
17:29
And Vicky's right.
329
1049880
1522
A Viki je u pravu.
17:33
Which is why I'm here.
330
1053529
1350
Zbog toga sam ovde.
17:35
Thank you.
331
1055601
1151
Hvala vam.
17:36
(Applause)
332
1056776
7000
(Aplauz)
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7