What we can do about the culture of hate | Sally Kohn

141,062 views ใƒป 2018-04-11

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Eunjeong Jeong ๊ฒ€ํ† : InHyuk Song
00:12
So people tell me I'm a nice person ...
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
00:18
to the point where it's part of my personal and professional identity
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ง์—…์ ์ธ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:22
that I'm so nice and able to get along with anyone,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—์š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€๋„ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
even my most fierce opponents.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํ™”๊ฐ€๋‚œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ๊ณผ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:30
It's like my "thing," it's what I'm known for.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ ์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ด์ฃ .
00:33
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:36
But what no one knows ...
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ดด๋กญํžˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
is that I was a bully.
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00:44
Honestly, I didn't think about it much myself.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
00:47
I buried the memories for years,
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๋ช‡๋…„๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋“ค์„ ์žŠ๊ณ  ์‚ด์•˜์ฃ .
00:50
and even still, a lot of it's really hazy.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋“ค์ด ํ๋ฆฟํ๋ฆฟ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Denial, by the way, apparently is also one of my things.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ ์ผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:58
But the more people started to praise me
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:00
for being a liberal who could get along with conservatives,
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์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
01:03
and the more I wrote articles about being nice
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธ€๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์“ฐ๊ณ 
01:05
and gave talks about being nice,
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
01:08
the more I felt this hypocrisy creeping up inside me.
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๋”์šฑ ์ œ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์„ ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
What if I was actually really mean?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋น„์—ดํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
01:19
When I was 10 years old,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 10์‚ด๋•Œ
01:24
there was a girl in my class at school named Vicky.
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ํ•™๊ต์— ๋น„ํ‚ค๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•œ ์†Œ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
(Sigh)
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(ํ•œ์ˆจ)
01:28
And I tormented her ...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
mercilessly.
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๋ฌด์ž๋น„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ์š”.
01:35
I mean, everyone did.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:36
Even the teachers picked on her.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
It doesn't make it any better, does it?
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋” ์ข‹์•„์งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ฃ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:42
Vicky was clearly a troubled kid.
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๋น„ํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ์•„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
She would hit herself and give herself bloody noses
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์žํ•™ํ•ด์„œ ์ฝ”ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ํ„ฐํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:48
and she had hygiene problems --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ„์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
she had big hygiene problems.
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์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ์œ„์ƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์–ด์š”.
01:53
But instead of helping this girl,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋Œ€์‹ 
01:55
who was plainly suffering from hardships in her life ...
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์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๊ณ ๋‚œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:59
we called her "Sticky Vicky."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ "๋ˆ์ ๋ˆ์ ํ•œ ๋น„ํ‚ค" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
I called her "Sticky Vicky."
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์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๋ €์–ด์š”.
02:08
My clearest memory is standing in the empty hallway
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์ €์˜ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์€ ํ……๋นˆ ๋ณต๋„์— ์„œ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
outside the fifth grade classrooms
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5ํ•™๋…„ ๊ต์‹ค ๋ฐ– ๋ณต๋„์—์„œ
02:14
waiting for Vicky to come out of the bathroom,
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๋น„ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
and I have a clipboard and a pen and a survey I've made up,
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ํด๋ฆฝ๋ณด๋“œ์™€ ํŽœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ง€๋„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:21
asking about shampoo preferences,
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์ƒดํ‘ธ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:22
like I'm doing a study for science class or something.
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๊ณผํ•™์ˆ˜์—… ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:25
And when Vicky comes out of the bathroom,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™”์„ ๋•Œ
02:28
I pounce on her and I ask her what shampoo she uses.
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๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒดํ‘ธ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Now, to put this in perspective,
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์ด์ œ, ์ œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ
02:33
I can't remember the names of my teachers,
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
I can't remember the names of any of the books I read that year,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ฑ…์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ๋„ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
02:38
I pretty much can't remember anything from fifth grade,
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5ํ•™๋…„๋•Œ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
but I remember that Vicky told me she used White Rain shampoo.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ™”์ดํŠธ ๋ ˆ์ธ ์ƒดํ‘ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ
02:45
Clear as yesterday,
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๋น„ํ‚ค์˜ ๋ง์„ ์–ด์ œ ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
like it just happened.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:48
And as classes let out,
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์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„
02:49
I ran down the hall shouting at all the other kids,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณต๋„๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
"Sticky Vicky uses White Rain shampoo.
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"๋ˆ์ ๋น„ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํ™”์ดํŠธ ๋ ˆ์ธ์ƒดํ‘ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋Œ€
02:55
Don't use White Rain shampoo
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ํ™”์ดํŠธ ๋ ˆ์ธ ์ƒดํ‘ธ ์“ฐ์ง€๋งˆ
02:57
or you'll smell like Sticky Vicky."
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ˆ์  ๋น„ํ‚ค๊ฐ™์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ"
03:02
I forgot about this memory for a long time.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์žŠ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
When I finally started remembering it,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:06
I immediately needed to know more.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
I reached out to friends and eventually social media,
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์ €๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์†Œ์…œ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ
03:10
and I did everything I could to try to find Vicky.
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๋น„ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
I needed to know that she was OK,
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์‚ถ์„
03:15
and that I hadn't ruined her life.
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๋ง์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:19
(Sigh)
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(ํ•œ์ˆจ)
03:20
But what I quickly realized
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
03:22
was I wasn't just trying to figure out what happened to Vicky.
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๋น„ํ‚ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:25
I was trying to figure out what happened to me.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
When I was 10 years old,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 10์‚ด๋•Œ
03:31
I treated another human being like some worthless other ...
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌด๊ฐ€์น˜ํ•œ ์กด์žฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
like I was better than her,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:39
and she was garbage.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์•„์ฃผ ์ €๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
What kind of a nice person does that?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:44
I mean, I know I was only a kid,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ
03:46
but not all kids do that.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š” ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
Most kids don't do that, right?
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๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์ฃ ?
03:51
So, what if I wasn't nice after all?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ €๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋„ค์š”?
03:53
I was really just a hateful monster.
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํ˜์˜ค์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ดด๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Then I started to notice myself having these mean impulses,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์—ดํ•œ ์ถฉ๋™์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:02
thinking mean thoughts
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๋น„์—ดํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
04:04
and wanting to say them.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋žฌ์ฃ .
04:08
Admittedly, most of my mean thoughts were about conservatives.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋น„์—ดํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:16
But not just conservatives.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
04:17
I also caught myself thinking mean things about mushy, centrist liberals
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„์—ดํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žกํ˜€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
and greedy Wall Street bankers
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๊ฐ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ค‘๋„์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜ ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์›”๊ฐ€์˜ ํƒ์š•์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์€ํ–‰์›๋“ค
04:23
and Islamophobes
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์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ
04:24
and slow drivers,
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์„œํ–‰ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:26
because I really hate slow drivers.
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์ €๋Š” ์„œํ–‰ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ง ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:31
And as I'd catch myself in these moments of hypocrisy,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์œ„์„ ์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
04:34
either I was just noticing them or they were getting worse,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์‹ฌํ•ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
especially in the last few years.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡๋…„๋™์•ˆ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:40
And as I felt more hateful --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ์ฆ์˜ค์‹ฌ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
04:42
rageful, really --
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์ •๋ง ๋ถ„๋…ธ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
04:44
I noticed the world around me seemed to be getting more hateful, too.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ์ ์  ๋” ํ˜์˜ค์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
Like there was this steady undercurrent of hate
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๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ํ˜์˜ค๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:50
bubbling up all around us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๊ธ€๋ถ€๊ธ€ ๋“์–ด์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:52
and increasingly overflowing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ์  ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ๋„˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
So the plus side, I guess,
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์€
04:58
is that I realized that hate was not just my problem,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ €์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
which is like, the most selfish plus side ever --
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ธ๋ฉด ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:06
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:08
because now instead of just my own hate and cruelty to try to figure out,
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์ € ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
05:14
I had a whole world of hate I wanted to unravel
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์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ํ’€์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ 
05:18
and understand and fix.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
So I did what all overly intellectual people do when they have a problem
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€๋•Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
that they want to understand,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ๋•Œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:29
and I wrote a book.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฑ…์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:33
I wrote a book about hate.
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์ €๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
Spoiler alert:
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์Šคํฌ์ผ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
I'm against it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ด์š”.
05:38
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:41
Now at this point, you might be thinking to yourself,
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์š”์ ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
"Why are y'all worried about hate?
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"์™œ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
05:45
You didn't hate Vicky.
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๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋น„ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด.
05:47
Bullying isn't hate."
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์™•๋”ฐ๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ"
05:50
Isn't it?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
05:53
Gordon Allport,
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๊ณ ๋“  ์˜ฌํฌํŠธ๋Š”
05:54
the psychologist who pioneered the study of hate in the early 1900s,
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1900๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
developed what he called a "scale of prejudice."
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ "ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
At one end are things like genocide and other bias-motivated violence.
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ํ•œ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ ํ•™์‚ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:07
But at the other end
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ๋์—๋Š”
06:08
are things like believing that your in-group
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์†ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค
06:11
is inherently superior to some out-group,
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์šฐ์›”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ
06:15
or avoiding social interaction with those others.
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์ ‘์ด‰์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Isn't that all hate?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ถ€ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?
06:24
I mean, it wasn't an accident
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์ œ ๋ง์€ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šฐ์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
that I was a rich kid picking on a poor kid,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋กœ์จ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ดด๋กญํžŒ ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:30
or that Vicky, it turns out, would eventually end up being gay.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋ช…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
06:36
Poor kids and gay kids are more likely to be bullied,
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ๋™์„ฑ์• ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋”์šฑ ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
even by kids who also end up being gay.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ฒŒ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:45
I know there was a lot going on in my little 10-year-old mind.
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10์‚ด ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
I'm not saying hate was the only reason I picked on Vicky
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํžŒ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ค์ง ๋ฏธ์›€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
06:51
or even that I was consciously hateful or anything,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:54
but the fact is,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
06:56
the people we discriminate against in our public policies and in our culture
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ณต์ •์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์†์—์„œ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
07:01
are also the groups of people most likely to be bullied in school.
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ํ•™๊ต ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ ๋”ฐ๋Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
That is not just a coincidence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์šฐ์—ฐ์˜ ์ผ์น˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
That's hate.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:15
I am defining hate in a broad way
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์ €๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ๋„“์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
because I think we have a big problem.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
And we need to solve all of it, not just the most extremes.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ „๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
So for instance,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด
07:28
we probably all agree that marching down the street,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ–‰์ง„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:30
chanting about you should take away rights from some group of people
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์•„ ์™€์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ตฌํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์™ธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
because of their skin color or their gender,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ์ƒ‰์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:36
we'd all agree that's hate, right? OK.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์ฃ ?
07:39
What if you believe that group of people is inferior,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์—ด๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์ง€๋งŒ
07:44
but you don't say it?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
07:47
Is that hate?
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‹ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:49
Or what if you believe that group of people is inferior
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๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์—ด๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์ง€๋งŒ
07:53
but you aren't aware that you believe it --
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
07:55
what's known as implicit bias.
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์•”๋ฌต์ ์ธ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
07:57
Is that hate?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‹ซ์€๊ฐ€์š”?
07:59
I mean they all have the same roots, don't they?
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ์›์ธ์„ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?
08:02
In the historic patterns of racism and sexism
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์ธ์ข…์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
08:05
that have shaped our history and still infect our society today.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ํ˜„๋Œ€์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
Isn't it all hate?
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์ „๋ถ€ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?
08:10
I'm not saying they're the same thing,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ „๋ถ€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
just like I am not saying
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€
08:15
that being a bully is as bad as being a Nazi,
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๊ดด๋กญํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์น˜๋งŒํผ ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋“ฏ์ด์š”.
08:18
just like I'm not saying that being a Nazi is the same thing as punching a Nazi ...
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๋‚˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:28
But hating a Nazi is still hate, right?
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๋‚˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์ฃ ?
08:33
What about hating someone who isn't as enlightened as you?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋งŒํผ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”?
08:37
See, what I learned
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€
08:40
is that we all are against hate
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
and we all think hate is a problem.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค์‹ฌ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
08:45
We think it's their problem,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
not our problem.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
08:50
They're hateful.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
I mean, if I think the people who didn't vote like me
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ €์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ์ธ์ข…
08:55
are stupid racist monsters who don't deserve to call themselves Americans,
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์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๊ดด๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆด ์ž๊ฒฉ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ 
08:58
alright, fine, I'm not being nice,
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด. ๋งž์•„์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
09:00
I get it.
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์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:03
I'm not hateful, I'm just right, right?
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์ €๋Š” ์ฆ์˜คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ์ฃ . ๋งž๋‚˜์š”?
09:06
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:08
Wrong.
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ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
We all hate.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
And I do not mean that in some abstract, generic sense.
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์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
I mean all of us ...
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ผ ํ•จ์€
09:22
me and you.
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์ €์™€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘์š”
09:25
That sanctimonious pedestal of superiority on which we all place ourselves,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์‹ ์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ์›”๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:30
that they are hateful and we are not,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜์˜ค์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
09:34
is a manifestation of the essential root of hate:
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๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
that we are fundamentally good and they are not,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ณ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ๋„
09:43
which is what needs to change.
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๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
So in trying to understand and solve hate,
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์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
09:49
I read every book and every research study I could find,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
but I also went and talked to some former Nazis
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด์ „์˜ ๋‚˜์น˜์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
and some former terrorists
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์ด์ „์˜ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๋˜
09:58
and some former genocidal killers,
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์ง‘๋‹จํ•™์‚ด์„ ์žํ–‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:01
because I figured if they could figure out how to escape hate,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
10:05
surely the rest of us could.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
Let me give you just one example of the former terrorist I spent time with
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์š”๋ฅด๋‹จ ๊ฐ• ์„œ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋˜
10:11
in the West Bank.
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ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด
10:13
When Bassam Aramin was 16 years old,
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๋ฐ”์Œˆ ์•„๋ผ๋ฏผ์ด 16์‚ด์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
10:17
he tried to blow up an Israeli military convoy with a grenade.
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ํ˜ธ์†ก๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฅ˜ํƒ„์œผ๋กœ ํญํŒŒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
He failed, fortunately,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
but he was still sentenced to seven years in prison.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” 7๋…„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
When he was in prison, they showed a film about the Holocaust.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
Up until that point,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€
10:32
Bassam had thought the Holocaust was mostly a myth.
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๋ฐ”์Œˆ์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์‚ด์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‹ ํ™”์— ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
He went to go watch the film
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
because he thought he would enjoy seeing Jews get killed.
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์œ ๋Œ€์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šธ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
10:42
But when he saw what really happened, he broke down crying.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋Š” ์šธ์Œ์„ ํ„ฐ๋œจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
And eventually, after prison,
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ถœ์†Œ ํ›„
10:49
Bassam went on to get a master's degree in Holocaust studies
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์„์‚ฌํ•™์œ„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
and he founded an organization where former Palestinian combatants
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•ด ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ ์ „ํˆฌ์›๋“ค๊ณผ
10:56
and Israeli combatants come together,
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์ „ํˆฌ์›๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์ด๊ณ 
10:59
work together, try to find common ground.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
By his own account, Bassam used to hate Israelis,
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๋ฐ”์Œˆ์€ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
but through knowing Israelis and learning their stories
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜๊ณ 
11:12
and working together for peace,
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ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
11:14
he overcame his hate.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
Bassam says he still doesn't hate Israelis,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
even after the Israeli military --
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ๊ตฐ์ธ์ด
11:25
shot and killed his [10]-year-old daughter, Abir,
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๊ทธ์˜ 10์‚ด๋œ ๋”ธ ์•„๋น„๋ฅด๋ฅผ ์ด์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์ฃฝ์˜€์„๋•Œ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:27
while she was walking to school.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๋“ฑ๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
(Sigh)
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(ํ•œ์ˆจ)
11:34
Bassam even forgave the soldier who killed his daughter.
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๋ฐ”์Œˆ์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋”ธ์„ ์ฃฝ์ธ ๊ตฐ์ธ์„ ์šฉ์„œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
That soldier, he taught me,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ตฐ์ธ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€
11:41
was just a product of the same hateful system as he was.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋˜ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:51
If a former terrorist ...
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด์ „์˜ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋“ค์ด
11:56
if a terrorist can learn to stop hating
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:00
and still not hate when their child is killed,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์ž„์„ ๋‹นํ•ด๋„ ์ฆ์˜คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:02
surely the rest of us can stop our habits
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
of demeaning and dehumanizing each other.
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์„œ๋กœ ๋ชจ์š•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ง์‚ดํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:09
And I will tell you there are stories like Bassam's all over the world,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ”์Œˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
12:12
plus study after study after study
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๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€
12:14
that says, no, we are neither designed nor destined as human beings to hate,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€์ง€๋„ ์šด๋ช…์ง€์›Œ์ง€์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
but rather taught to hate by the world around us.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ฃ .
12:23
I promise you,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
none of us pops out of the womb hating black people or Republicans.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ํ‘์ธ๊ณผ ๊ณตํ™”์ฃผ์˜์ž๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๊ถ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:28
There is nothing in our DNA that makes us hate Muslims or Mexicans.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ฌด์Šฌ๋ฆผ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” DNA๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
For better or for worse,
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์ข‹๋“  ๋‚˜์˜๋“ 
12:34
we are all a product of the culture around us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
And the good news is,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€
12:41
we're also the ones who shape that culture,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
which means we can change it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
The first step is starting to recognize the hate inside ourselves.
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
We need to catch ourselves
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ
12:55
and our hateful thoughts in all their forms
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:58
in all of us ...
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
and work to challenge our ideas and assumptions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ถ”์ •์— ๋„์ „ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
That doesn't happen overnight,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃป๋ฐค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
I am telling you right here,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
13:06
it is a lifelong journey, but it's one we all need to take.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‰์ƒ์— ๊ฑธ์นœ ์—ฌ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์ณ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
And then second:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ
13:11
if we want to challenge the hate in our societies,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:14
we need to promote policies and institutions and practices
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์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ์ œ๋„ ๊ด€ํ–‰๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
that connect us as communities.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์„ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
Literally, like integrated neighborhoods and schools.
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋œ ์ด์›ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:25
That by the way is the reason to support integration.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
Not just because it's the right thing to do,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
13:30
but because integration systematically combats hate.
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์—ฐํ•ฉ์€ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ์— ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
There are studies that teenagers who participate
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ธ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ํ•™๊ธ‰๊ณผ
13:35
in racially integrated classes and activities reduce their racial bias.
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ํ™œ๋™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ข… ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ์ค„์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
And when little kids go to racially integrated kindergartens
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ์œ ์น˜์›์ด๋‚˜
13:43
and elementary schools --
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์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ ๋•Œ
13:45
they develop less bias to begin with.
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์ธ์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
But the fact is in so many ways and in so many places around our world,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋“ค์—์„œ ๋˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์—์„œ
13:52
we are separated from each other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ์„œ๋กœ ๋ถ„์—ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
In the United States, for instance,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”
13:58
three-quarters of white people don't have any non-white friends.
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๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์˜ 4๋ถ„์˜ 3์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
So in addition to promoting those proactive solutions,
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์‚ฌ์ „ ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์™ธ์—๋„
14:08
the other thing we need to do is upend the hate in our institutions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
and our policies
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์ œ๋„์™€ ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:14
that perpetuate dehumanization and difference
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๊ทธ ์ฆ์˜ค๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ๋น„์ธ๊ฐ„ํ™”์™€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„
14:18
and otherizing and hate,
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๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ง€์†์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
like systems of sexual harassment and sexual assault in the workplace,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ์„ฑํฌ๋กฑ, ์„ฑํญํ–‰๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด์ฃ .
14:26
or our deeply racially imbalanced
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๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ข…์ ์ธ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•๊ณผ
14:30
and deeply racially biased criminal "justice" system.
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๊นŠ์ด ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ํ˜•๋ฒ• ์ œ๋„๋“ค๋„ ์ง€์†์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
We need to change that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
Again, it will not happen overnight.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃป๋ฐค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:38
It needs to happen.
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๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
And then ...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
14:44
when we connect together
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐํ•ฉํ•  ๋•Œ
14:46
in these connection spaces,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋“ค
14:50
facilitated by connection systems,
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์—ฐํ•ฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด‰์ง„๋œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋“ค์—์„œ
14:54
we need to change the way we talk to each other
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
and connect with one another
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ 
15:00
and relate with generosity and open-mindedness
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๋„ˆ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์›€๊ณผ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ์Œ
15:05
and kindness and compassion
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์นœ์ ˆํ•จ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
15:07
and not hate.
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์ฆ์˜ค์‹ฌ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์š”.
15:09
And that's it.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
15:11
That's it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
15:16
I have solved it all, right?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž๋‚˜์š”?
15:18
That's it.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:20
That is pretty much --
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
there's a few details --
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๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
but that's pretty much all we have to do.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
It's not that complicated, right?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์ฃ ?
15:27
But it's hard.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
The hate that we feel towards certain groups of people
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ์›€์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์€
15:35
because of who they are or what they believe
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
15:38
is so ingrained in our minds and in our society
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ์ •์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์†์— ๊นŠ์ด ๋ฐ•ํ˜€์žˆ์–ด์„œ
15:42
that it can feel inevitable
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
15:45
and impossible to change.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
Change is possible.
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
Just look at the terrorist who became a peace activist.
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ํ‰ํ™”์ฃผ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋œ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:59
Or look at the bully who learned to apologize to her victim.
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๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
16:07
The entire time I was traveling around the Middle East and Rwanda
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋™๊ณผ ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ์„
16:12
and across the United States,
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์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ
16:13
hearing these unbelievable stories of people in communities
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฆ์˜ค์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์— ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
16:18
who had left entire histories of hate behind,
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๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
16:20
I was still looking for Vicky.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋น„ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
It was so hard find her that I hired a private investigator
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ ํƒ์ •์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
and he found her.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
I mean, he sort of found her.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
16:29
The truth is, it became clear that the person I'm calling Vicky
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ‚ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
16:33
had gone to extraordinary lengths to hide her identity.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ •์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:40
But anyway, a year after I began my journey,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์ง€ ์ผ๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ
16:46
I wrote Vicky an apology.
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„ํ‚ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:50
And a few months later,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ํ›„
16:52
she wrote back.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
(Sigh)
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(ํ•œ์ˆจ)
16:57
I'm not going to lie,
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ป˜์š”.
16:58
I wanted to be forgiven.
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์ €๋Š” ์šฉ์„œ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์›ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
17:05
I wasn't.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:06
(Sigh)
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(ํ•œ์ˆจ)
17:07
She offered me sort of conditional forgiveness.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€๋กœ ์šฉ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
17:10
What she wrote was ...
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์“ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:13
"Messages such as yours cannot absolve you of your past actions.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋„ˆ์˜ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์„ ์šฉ์„œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
17:18
The only way to do that is to improve the world,
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์šฉ์„œ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
17:22
prevent others from behaving in similar ways
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•ด์„œ
17:26
and foster compassion."
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์—ฐ๋ฏผ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
17:29
And Vicky's right.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
Which is why I'm here.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด์ฃ .
17:35
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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