How climate change could make our food less nutritious | Kristie Ebi

74,315 views ใƒป 2019-10-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์ฃผ์—ฐ ๊น€ ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yunjung Nam
00:13
Yogi Berra, a US baseball player and philosopher, said,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์•ผ๊ตฌ ์„ ์ˆ˜์ด์ž ์ฒ ํ•™์ž์ธ ์š”๊ธฐ ๋ฒ ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
"If we don't know where we're going, we might not get there."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชป ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค."
00:23
Accumulating scientific knowledge is giving us greater insights,
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๊ณผํ•™์  ์ง€์‹์„ ์Œ“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™€
00:27
greater clarity, into what our future might look like in a changing climate
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€
๋”์šฑ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
and what that could mean for our health.
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00:35
I'm here to talk about a related aspect,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:39
on how our emissions of greenhouse gases from burning of fossil fuels
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ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํƒœ์šธ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ด
00:44
is reducing the nutritional quality of our food.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹์˜ ์˜์–‘๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
We'll start with the food pyramid.
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์Œ์‹ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
You all know the food pyramid.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹คํ…๋ฐ์š”.
00:53
We all need to eat a balanced diet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ท ํ˜• ์žกํžŒ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
We need to get proteins,
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๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:57
we need to get micronutrients,
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๋ฏธ๋Ÿ‰ ์˜์–‘์†Œ์™€
00:59
we need to get vitamins.
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ๋„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
And so, this is a way for us to think about
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์Œ์‹ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:03
how to make sure we get what we need every day
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๋งค์ผ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
01:06
so we can grow and thrive.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
But we eat not just because we need to,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•„์š”์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:10
we also eat for enjoyment.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จน๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
Bread, pasta, pizza --
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๋นต, ํŒŒ์Šคํƒ€, ํ”ผ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:15
there's a whole range of foods that are culturally important.
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๋ฌธํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์Œ์‹๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
We enjoy eating these.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ฆ๊ฒจ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
And so they're important for our diet,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹์Šต๊ด€์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:24
but they're also important for our cultures.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ™”์—๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Carbon dioxide has been increasing since the start of the Industrial Revolution,
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์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ์™”๊ณ 
01:33
increasing from about 280 parts per million to over 410 today,
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๊ทธ ๋†๋„๋Š” 280ppm์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  410ppm๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
and it continues to increase.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
The carbon that plants need to grow comes from this carbon dioxide.
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์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
They bring it into the plant,
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์‹๋ฌผ์€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ
01:46
they break it apart into the carbon itself,
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ํƒ„์†Œ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•œ ๋’ค
01:50
and they use that to grow.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์„ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
They also need nutrients from the soil.
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์‹๋ฌผ์€ ํ† ์–‘์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์˜์–‘๋ถ„๋„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
And so yes, carbon dioxide is plant food.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ๋น„๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
And this should be good news, of rising carbon dioxide concentrations,
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์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
02:06
for food security around the world,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์•ˆ๋ณด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
making sure that people get enough to eat every day.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์ผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:13
About 820 million people in the world don't get enough to eat every day.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์•ฝ 8์–ต 2์ฒœ๋งŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์ผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋จน์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
So there's a fair amount written about how higher CO2
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์•ˆ๋ณด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
02:22
is going to help with our food security problem.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋„ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
We need to accelerate our progress in agricultural productivity
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ง„์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
to feed the nine to 10 billion people who will be alive in 2050
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ 2050๋…„๊ฒฝ ์ƒ์กดํ•ด ์žˆ์„ 90~100์–ต๋ช…์„ ๋จน์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:35
and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals,
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
particularly the Goal Number 2,
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ํŠนํžˆ 2๋Œ€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ธ
02:39
that is on reducing food insecurity,
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์‹๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
02:42
increasing nutrition,
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์˜์–‘์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
02:44
increasing access to the foods that we need for everyone.
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๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
We know that climate change is affecting agricultural productivity.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
The earth has warmed about one degree centigrade
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™” ์ด์ „๋ณด๋‹ค
02:55
since preindustrial times.
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์•ฝ ์„ญ์”จ 1๋„ ๋” ์ƒ์Šนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
That is changing local temperature and precipitation patterns,
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์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ง€๊ธฐํ›„์™€ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:01
and that has consequences for the agricultural productivity
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์—
03:05
in many parts of the world.
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
And it's not just local changes in temperature and precipitation,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ›„์™€ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ตญ์ง€์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
it's the extremes.
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๊ทนํ•œ๊ธฐ์ƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Extremes in terms of heat waves, floods and droughts
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ํญ์—ผ, ํ™์ˆ˜, ๊ฐ€๋ญ„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทนํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์€
03:17
are significantly affecting productivity.
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์— ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
And that carbon dioxide,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š”
03:25
besides making plants grow,
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์‹๋ฌผ์„ ์ž๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—
03:28
has other consequences as well,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:30
that plants, when they have higher carbon dioxide,
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์‹๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋†๋„์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
03:33
increase the synthesis of carbohydrates, sugars and starches,
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ํƒ„์ˆ˜ํ™”๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋‹น๋ฅ˜, ๋…น๋ง์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ ๋†’์ด๊ณ 
03:37
and they decrease the concentrations of protein and critical nutrients.
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๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๊ณผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜์–‘์†Œ์˜ ๋†๋„๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
And this is very important for how we think about food security going forward.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์•ˆ๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์Ÿ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
A couple of nights ago in the table talks on climate change,
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๋ฉฐ์น  ์ „ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ขŒ๋‹ด์—์„œ
03:54
someone said that they're a five-sevenths optimist:
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์€ 7๋ถ„์˜ 5๋Š” ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์‹œ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:58
that they're an optimist five days of the week,
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์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— 5์ผ์€ ๋‚™๊ด€๋ก ์ž๋กœ ์ง€๋‚ด๋‹ค๊ฐ€
04:01
and this is a topic for the other two days.
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๋‚จ์€ ์ดํ‹€์€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
When we think about micronutrients,
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๋ฏธ๋Ÿ‰ ์˜์–‘์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด
04:07
almost all of them are affected by higher CO2 concentrations.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋†’์€ ๋†๋„์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
Two in particular are iron and zinc.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ฒ ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์•„์—ฐ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
When you don't have enough iron, you can develop iron deficiency anemia.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฒ ๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ฒ  ๊ฒฐํ•์„ฑ ๋นˆํ˜ˆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
It's associated with fatigue, shortness of breath
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์ด๋Š” ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ํ˜ธํก ๊ณค๋ž€,
04:21
and some fairly serious consequences as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฝค ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
When you don't have enough zinc,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์—ฐ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด
04:26
you can have a loss of appetite.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž…๋ง›์„ ์žƒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
It is a significant problem around the world.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
There's about one billion people who are zinc deficient.
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์•ฝ 10์–ต์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„์—ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
It's very important for maternal and child health.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ์ž๋ณด๊ฑด์— ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
It affects development.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
The B vitamins are critical for a whole range of reasons.
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ B๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
They help convert our food into energy.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Œ์‹์„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
04:46
They're important for the functions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ™œ๋™๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์—
04:48
of many of the physiologic activities in our bodies.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
And when you have higher carbon in a plant,
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์‹๋ฌผ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
04:54
you have less nitrogen,
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์งˆ์†Œ๋Š” ์ ์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
04:56
and you have less B vitamins.
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ B๋„ ์ ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
And it's not just us.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
Cattle are already being affected
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์†Œ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
because the quality of their forage is declining.
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์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์งˆ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
In fact, this affects every consumer of plants.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
And give a thought to, for example, our pet cats and dogs.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์• ์™„๋ฌ˜๋‚˜ ์• ์™„๊ฒฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:13
If you look on the label of most of the pet and dog food,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์šฉ ์‹ํ’ˆ์˜ ๋ผ๋ฒจ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด
05:16
there's a significant amount of grain in those foods.
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์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ๊ณก๋ฌผ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
So this affects everyone.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
How do we know that this is a problem?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:25
We know from field studies
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜„์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€
05:27
and we know from experimental studies in laboratories.
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์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์—์„œ์˜ ์‹คํ—˜์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ์•„ ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
In the field studies --
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ํ˜„์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”,
05:32
and I'll focus primarily on wheat and on rice --
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์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€๊ณผ ์Œ€์— ํ•œํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด,
05:36
there's fields, for example, of rice
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์Œ€์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋…ผ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:39
that are divided into different plots.
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์ด ๋…ผ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ตฌํš์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
And the plots are all the same:
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์ด ๊ตฌํš๋“ค์€ ์ „๋ถ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:44
the soil's the same,
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ํ† ์–‘๋„ ๊ฐ™๊ณ 
05:46
the precipitation's the same --
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๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰๋„ ๊ฐ™๊ณ 
05:48
everything's the same.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
Except carbon dioxide is blown over some of the plots.
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์ด ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๊ตฌํš์—๋งŒ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And so you can compare
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:57
what it looks like under today's conditions
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€
06:00
and under carbon dioxide conditions later in the century.
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ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
I was part of one of the few studies that have done this.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
We looked at 18 rice lines in China and in Japan
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•œ 18์ข…์˜ ์Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
06:12
and grew them under conditions that you would expect
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ
06:15
later in the century.
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์ด๋“ค์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•ด ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
And when you look at the results,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
06:21
the white bar is today's conditions,
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ํ•˜์–€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ,
06:24
the red bar is conditions later in the century.
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๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
So protein declines about 10 percent,
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๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€ 10% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:32
iron about eight percent, zinc about five percent.
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์ฒ ์€ 8%, ์•„์—ฐ์€ 5% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
These don't sound like really big changes,
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
06:39
but when you start thinking about the poor in every country
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ธต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด
06:43
who primarily eat starch,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณก๋ฌผ ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋จน๊ธฐ์—
06:46
that this will put people who are on the edge
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์ด๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์‚ฌ์ง€์— ๋ชฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„
06:49
over the edge into frank deficiencies,
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•์œผ๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ๋‚ด๋ชฐ์•„
06:51
creating all kinds of health problems.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
The situation is more significant for the B vitamins.
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ B์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
When you look at vitamin B1 and vitamin B2,
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๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ B1๊ณผ B2๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
07:01
there's about a 17 percent decline.
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์•ฝ 17%๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
Pantothenic acid, vitamin B5, is about a 13 percent decline.
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ํŒํ† ํ…์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ B5๋Š” ์•ฝ 13% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
Folate is about a 30 percent decline.
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์—ฝ์‚ฐ์€ ์•ฝ 30% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
And these are averages over the various experiments that were done.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
Folate is critical for child development.
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์—ฝ์‚ฐ์€ ์•„๋™ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
Pregnant women who don't get enough folate
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ์—ฝ์‚ฐ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€๋Š”
07:22
are at much higher risk of having babies with birth defects.
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๊ธฐํ˜•์•„๋ฅผ ์ถœ์‚ฐํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
So these are very serious potential consequences for our health
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
as CO2 continues to rise.
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07:35
In another example,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ,
07:36
this is modeling work that was done by Chris Weyant and his colleagues,
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์™€์ด์–ธํŠธ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจํ˜•ํ™” ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
07:41
taking a look at this chain from higher CO2 to lower iron and zinc --
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๋†’์€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์™€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฒ , ์•„์—ฐ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
07:45
and they only looked at iron and zinc --
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์ฒ ๊ณผ ์•„์—ฐ์— ํ•œํ•ด์„œ
07:48
to various health outcomes.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ƒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋„ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
They looked at malaria, diarrheal disease, pneumonia,
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๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„, ์„ค์‚ฌ๋ณ‘, ํ๋ ด,
07:53
iron deficiency anemia,
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์ฒ  ๊ฒฐํ•์„ฑ ๋นˆํ˜ˆ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:55
and looked at what the consequences could be in 2050.
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2050๋…„์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
And the darker the color in this,
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์ƒ‰๊น”์ด ์–ด๋‘์šธ์ˆ˜๋ก
08:01
the larger the consequences.
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๋” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
So you can see the major impacts
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์•„์‹œ์•„์™€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—
08:06
in Asia and in Africa,
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ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
but also note that in countries such as the United States
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋„
08:12
and countries in Europe,
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์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
the populations also could be affected.
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08:17
They estimated about 125 million people could be affected.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ 1์–ต 2์ฒœ 5๋ฐฑ๋งŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
They also modeled what would be the most effective interventions,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ด ๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ
08:26
and their conclusion was reducing our greenhouse gases:
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
getting our greenhouse gas emissions down by mid-century
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ๋ฐ˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ค„์ž„์œผ๋กœ์จ
08:33
so we don't have to worry so much about these consequences
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ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
later in the century.
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08:40
These experiments, these modeling studies
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ชจํ˜•ํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
08:43
did not take climate change itself into account.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
They just focused on the carbon dioxide component.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
So when you put the two together,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์นœ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:51
it's expected the impact is much larger than what I've told you.
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์•ž์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ํด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
I'd love to be able to tell you right now
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ
08:59
how much the food you had for breakfast, the food you're going to have for lunch,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋“œ์‹  ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ณง ๋“œ์‹ค ์ ์‹ฌ ์‹์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
09:03
has shifted from what your grandparents ate
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ๋“œ์‹œ๋˜ ์Œ์‹๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์˜์–‘๊ฐ€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ
09:06
in terms of its nutritional quality.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ,
09:10
But I can't.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
We don't have the research on that.
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
I'd love to tell you how much current food insecurity
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๊ทผ๋ž˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€
09:17
is affected by these changes.
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๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ,
09:19
But I can't.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
We don't have the research on that, either.
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
There's a lot that needs to be known in this area,
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์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
including what the possible solutions could be.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
We don't know exactly what those solutions are,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:34
but we've got a range of options.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
We've got advancements in technologies.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
09:40
We've got plant breeding. We've got biofortification.
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์‹๋ฌผ ํ’ˆ์ข…์„ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํ•ฉ์„ฑ์˜์–‘์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
Soils could make a difference.
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ํ† ์–‘๋„ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
And, of course, it will be very helpful to know
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์—,
09:48
how these changes could affect our future health
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์†์ฃผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์—
09:51
and the health of our children and the health of our grandchildren.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
And these investments take time.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
It will take time to sort all of these issues out.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
There is no national entity or business group
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์—… ๋‹จ์ฒด๋„
10:07
that is funding this research.
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์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ง€์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
We need these investments critically so that we do know where we're going.
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ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์ ˆ์‹คํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ธธ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
In the meantime, what we can do
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
10:18
is ensure that all people have access to a complete diet,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋˜
10:24
not just those in the wealthy parts of the world but everywhere in the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
We also individually and collectively need to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ
10:34
to reduce the challenges that will come later in the century.
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ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„์— ์ฐพ์•„์˜ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์ค„์ด๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
It's been said that if you think education is expensive, try ignorance.
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๊ต์œก์ด ๋น„์‹ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด์ง€ํ•จ์€ ์˜ค์ฃฝํ•˜๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€ ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
Let's not.
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๋ฌด์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์ง€ ๋ง™์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:47
Let's invest in ourselves,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ณ 
10:50
in our children
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์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ณ 
10:51
and in our planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:53
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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