Rose George: Inside the secret shipping industry

257,646 views ・ 2013-12-13

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: K Bang κ²€ν† : Seongeun Kim
00:12
A couple of years ago,
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λͺ‡ ν•΄ 전에
00:14
Harvard Business School chose
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ν•˜λ²„λ“œ κ²½μ˜λŒ€ν•™μ›μ€
00:16
the best business model of that year.
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κ·Έ ν•΄ 졜고의 사업 λͺ¨λΈλ‘œ
00:18
It chose Somali piracy.
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μ†Œλ§λ¦¬μ•„μ˜ 해적을 κΌ½μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
Pretty much around the same time,
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거의 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μ—
00:25
I discovered that there were 544 seafarers
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μ €λŠ” 544λͺ…μ˜ 선원듀이
00:31
being held hostage on ships,
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선상에 인질둜 μž‘ν˜€μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
often anchored just off the Somali coast
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κ·Έ λ°°λ“€ 쀑 λͺ‡λͺ‡μ€ λ°”λ‘œ μ†Œλ§λ¦¬μ•„ ν•΄μ•ˆκ°€μ— μ •λ°•ν•΄ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
00:36
in plain sight.
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맨 눈으둜 λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 정도 κ±°λ¦¬μ—μš”.
00:39
And I learned these two facts, and I thought,
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μ €λŠ” 이런 두가지 사싀을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ , 이런 생각을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
what's going on in shipping?
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ν•΄μš΄μ—…μ€ λ„λŒ€μ²΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λœκ±°μ§€?
00:44
And I thought, would that happen in any other industry?
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그리고 또 이런 일이 λ‹€λ₯Έ 산업에도 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„κΉŒ? 라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:46
Would we see 544 airline pilots
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544 λͺ…μ˜ 쑰쒅사듀이
00:50
held captive in their jumbo jets
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μžμ‹ μ΄ μ‘°μ’…ν–ˆλ˜ 점보기 μ•ˆμ— μž‘ν˜€
00:51
on a runway for months, or a year?
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λͺ‡ 달, ν˜Ήμ€ λͺ‡ ν•΄ λ™μ•ˆ ν™œμ£Όλ‘œμ— μžˆμ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ„κΉŒ?
00:55
Would we see 544 Greyhound bus drivers?
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544λͺ…μ˜ κ³ μ†λ²„μŠ€ μš΄μ „μžλ“€μ„ λ³΄κ²Œλ˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ„κΉŒ?
00:59
It wouldn't happen.
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그럴리 μ—†κ² μ£ .
01:00
So I started to get intrigued.
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μ €λŠ” κ°•ν•œ ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:03
And I discovered another fact,
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μ €λŠ” 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 사싀을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”λ°,
01:06
which to me was more astonishing
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그것은 μ €μ—κ²Œ μžˆμ–΄ 더 λ†€λΌμš΄ μΌμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
almost for the fact that I hadn't known it before
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μ œκ°€ λ§ˆν” λ‘˜, μ…‹μ˜ λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ λ“€ λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€λ„
01:11
at the age of 42, 43.
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μ΄μ „μ—λŠ” λͺ°λžλ˜ μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
01:13
That is how fundamentally we still depend on shipping.
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그것은 아직도 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•΄μš΄μ— μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
Because perhaps the general public
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 일반 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
01:21
thinks of shipping as an old-fashioned industry,
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ν•΄μš΄μ„ λͺ¨λΉ„ λ”•μ΄λ‚˜ 잭 μŠ€νŒ¨λ‘œμš°κ°€ νƒ€λŠ”
01:24
something brought by sailboat
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λ²”μ„ κ³Ό 같은 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μš΄μ˜λ˜λŠ”
01:27
with Moby Dicks and Jack Sparrows.
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ꡬ식 산업이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
But shipping isn't that.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그렇지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
Shipping is as crucial to us as it has ever been.
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ν•΄μš΄μ€ μ˜ˆμ „λΆ€ν„° κ·Έλž˜μ™”λ“―μ΄ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ‚°μ—…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
Shipping brings us 90 percent of world trade.
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세계 λ¬΄μ—­μ˜ 90%κ°€ ν•΄μš΄μ„ 톡해 이루어 μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
Shipping has quadrupled in size since 1970.
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 1970λ…„ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ κ·Έ 규λͺ¨κ°€ 4λ°° μ„±μž₯ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
01:46
We are more dependent on it now than ever.
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜ˆμ „λ³΄λ‹€λ„ 더 많이 ν•΄μš΄μ— μ˜μ‘΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
And yet, for such an enormous industry --
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그런 λŒ€ν˜• 산업이 --
01:53
there are a 100,000 working vessels on the sea β€”
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λ°”λ‹€μ—λŠ” 10λ§Œμ—¬λŒ€μ˜ 선박이 μš΄ν•­λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ° --
01:56
it's become pretty much invisible.
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훨씬 더 λˆˆμ— 띄지 μ•Šμ•„μš”.
02:00
Now that sounds absurd in Singapore to say that,
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그런 말이 싱가포λ₯΄μ—μ„œλŠ” μ΄μƒν•˜κ²Œ 듀릴 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
because here shipping is so present
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—λŠ” 선박이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ•„μ„œ
02:06
that you stuck a ship on top of a hotel.
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ν˜Έν…” κΌ­λŒ€κΈ°μ— λ°°λ₯Ό μ •λ°•ν•  μ •λ„λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
02:10
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:11
But elsewhere in the world,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³³μ—μ„œ
02:13
if you ask the general public what they know
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일반 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν•΄μš΄μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ‚˜
02:16
about shipping and how much trade is carried by sea,
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ λ¬΄μ—­λŸ‰μ΄ λ°”λ‹€λ₯Ό 톡해 μš΄μ†‘λ˜λŠ”μ§€ λ¬Όμ–΄λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄
02:19
you will get essentially a blank face.
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기본적으둜 μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° λŒ€λ‹΅λ„ 듀을 수 없을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
You will ask someone on the street
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κΈΈκ±°λ¦¬μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
02:25
if they've heard of Microsoft.
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λ§ˆμ΄ν¬λ‘œμ†Œν”„νŠΈμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλƒκ³  물으면
02:27
I should think they'll say yes,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  λŒ€λ‹΅ν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
because they'll know that they make software
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 자기 μ»΄ν“¨ν„°μ—μ„œ 가끔씩 μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ”
02:31
that goes on computers,
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μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ
02:33
and occasionally works.
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μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ„ν…Œλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
02:36
But if you ask them if they've heard of Maersk,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 머슀크(Maersk)에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό 물으면
02:40
I doubt you'd get the same response,
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λ™μΌν•œ λŒ€λ‹΅μ„ λ“€μœΌμ‹€μ§€ μ˜μ‹¬μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œμš”.
02:42
even though Maersk,
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ ν•΄μš΄μ‚¬ 쀑에 ν•˜λ‚˜μΌ 뿐인
02:44
which is just one shipping company amongst many,
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λ¨ΈμŠ€ν¬μ‚¬(η€Ύ)κ°€
02:47
has revenues pretty much on a par with Microsoft.
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λ§ˆμ΄ν¬λ‘œμ†Œν”„νŠΈμ— λ§žλ¨ΉλŠ” μ΄μœ€μ„ λ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°λ„ 말이죠.
02:50
[$60.2 billion]
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[602μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬]
02:52
Now why is this?
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μ™œ κ·ΈλŸ΄κΉŒμš”?
02:54
A few years ago,
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λͺ‡ ν•΄ μ „,
02:56
the first sea lord of the British admiralty --
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영ꡭ ν•΄κ΅°μ˜ 제1 해ꡰ경이 --
02:59
he is called the first sea lord,
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ, 이 뢄은 '제1ν•΄κ΅°κ²½(lord)'이라고 뢈리죠.
03:01
although the chief of the army is not called a land lord β€”
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윑ꡰ의 졜고 μ§€νœ˜μžλŠ” '윑ꡰ경(lord)'이라고 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ° 말이죠. --
03:05
he said that we, and he meant
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κ·Έ 뢄이 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
in the industrialized nations in the West,
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μ„œκ΅¬μ˜ μ‚°μ—…ν™”λœ κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ—μ„œ
03:10
that we suffer from sea blindness.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 바닀에 λŒ€ν•œ λ¬΄μ§€λ‘œ λŒ“κ°€λ₯Ό 치λ₯΄κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ·¨μ§€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:14
We are blind to the sea
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 바닀에 λŒ€ν•΄
03:16
as a place of industry or of work.
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μ‚°μ—…μ΄λ‚˜ 일을 ν•˜λŠ” μž₯μ†Œλ‘œ 보지 λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
It's just something we fly over,
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λΉ„ν–‰ 지도λ₯Ό λ³Ό λ•Œ, κ·Έμ € ν‘Έλ₯Έ 색 배경으둜 보고
03:21
a patch of blue on an airline map.
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νœ™ μ§€λ‚˜μ³λ²„λ¦°λ‹€λŠ” λ§μ΄μ§€μš”.
03:24
Nothing to see, move along.
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κ°€ 봐야 λ³Ό 것도 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
So I wanted to open my own eyes
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μ €λŠ” μ €μ˜ λˆˆμ„ 크게 뜨고
03:31
to my own sea blindness,
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바닀에 λŒ€ν•œ 제 μžμ‹ μ˜ 무지에 λŒ€ν•΄ λˆˆμ„ μ—΄κ³ μž ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
so I ran away to sea.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ°”λ‹€λ₯Ό ν–₯ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
03:38
A couple of years ago, I took a passage
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λͺ‡ ν•΄ 전에 λ¨ΈμŠ€ν¬μ‚¬μ˜
03:40
on the Maersk Kendal,
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쀑간 크기 μš΄μ†‘μ„ μΈ
03:42
a mid-sized container ship
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μΊ”λ“€ν˜Έ(θ™Ÿ)에 μŠΉμ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
carrying nearly 7,000 boxes,
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κ·Έ λ°°λŠ” 거의 7천개의 μ»¨ν…Œμ΄λ„ˆλ₯Ό μ‹£κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
03:47
and I departed from Felixstowe,
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μ €λŠ” 영ꡭ λ‚¨ν•΄μ•ˆμ˜
03:49
on the south coast of England,
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νŽ λ¦­μ†Œμš°λ₯Ό μΆœλ°œν•˜μ—¬
03:51
and I ended up right here in Singapore
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5μ£Ό 후에 λ°”λ‘œ 이 κ³³, 싱가포λ₯΄μ—
03:53
five weeks later,
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λ„μ°©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
considerably less jet-lagged than I am right now.
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μ§€κΈˆλ³΄λ‹€ ν˜„μ €ν•˜κ²Œ μ‹œμ°¨μ˜ 어렀움이 μ μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:59
And it was a revelation.
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그것은 정말 λœ»λ°–μ˜ κ²½ν—˜μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
We traveled through five seas,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 5ꡰ데 바닀와
04:04
two oceans, nine ports,
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2개의 λŒ€μ–‘μ„ μ§€λ‚˜ 9개의 항ꡬλ₯Ό κ±°μ³€κ³ 
04:07
and I learned a lot about shipping.
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μ €λŠ” ν•΄μš΄μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ λ§Žμ€ 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
And one of the first things that surprised me
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μ €λ₯Ό λ†€λΌκ²Œν•œ 첫 번째 것은
04:12
when I got on board Kendal
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μ œκ°€ μΊλ“€ν˜Έμ— μŠΉμ„ ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
04:14
was, where are all the people?
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 보이지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
I have friends in the Navy who tell me
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해ꡰ에 λ³΅λ¬΄ν•˜λ˜ 제 μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ λ§ν•˜κΈΈ,
04:18
they sail with 1,000 sailors at a time,
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ν•œλ²ˆμ— 천 λͺ…μ˜ 선원듀과 ν•­ν•΄ν•œλ‹€λ”κ΅°μš”.
04:21
but on Kendal there were only 21 crew.
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그런데 μΌ„λ“€ν˜Έμ—λŠ” 겨우 21 λͺ…μ˜ μŠΉλ¬΄μ›λ§Œ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
Now that's because shipping is very efficient.
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그것은 ν•΄μš΄μ΄ λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ νš¨μœ¨μ μ΄λž€ λœ»μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
Containerization has made it very efficient.
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μ»¨ν…Œμ΄λ„ˆν™”λ‘œ 인해 λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ 효울적이 λ˜μ—ˆλ˜ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
Ships have automation now.
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배듀은 μžλ™ν™”λ˜μ–΄μ„œ
04:33
They can operate with small crews.
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적은 수의 μ„ μ›μœΌλ‘œ μš΄μ˜λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:36
But it also means that, in the words
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 λ˜ν•œ,
04:37
of a port chaplain I once met,
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μ œκ°€ λ§Œλ‚¬λ˜ 항ꡬ ν†΅μ œμ‚¬μ˜ 말에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄,
04:40
the average seafarer you're going to find
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μ»¨ν…Œμ΄λ„ˆ 배의 선원듀은
04:42
on a container ship is either tired or exhausted,
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ν”Όκ³€ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ§€μ³μžˆλŠ” μƒνƒœλΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:46
because the pace of modern shipping
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ν˜„λŒ€ 해상 μš΄μ†‘μ˜ 진행 속도가
04:49
is quite punishing for what the shipping calls
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ν•΄μš΄μ—…μ—μ„œ λ§ν•˜λŠ” '인적 μš”μ†Œ'λ“€μ—κ²Œ
04:51
its human element,
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κ·Ήλ„λ‘œ νž˜λ“€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:53
a strange phrase which they don't seem to realize
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“  이런 ν‘œν˜„μ€
04:56
sounds a little bit inhuman.
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μ•½κ°„ λΉ„μΈκ°„μ μœΌλ‘œκΉŒμ§€ λ“€λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:58
So most seafarers now working on container ships
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였늘 λ‚  μ»¨ν…Œμ΄λ„ˆμ„ μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 선원듀은
05:01
often have less than two hours in port at a time.
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ν•­κ΅¬μ—μ„œ 채 2μ‹œκ°„λ„ 보내지 λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
They don't have time to relax.
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νœ΄μ‹μ„ μ·¨ν•  μ‹œκ°„λ„ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:07
They're at sea for months at a time,
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선원듀은 ν•œ λ²ˆμ— λͺ‡λ‹¬μ”© λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
and even when they're on board,
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심지어 배에 타고 μžˆλŠ” λ™μ•ˆ,
05:10
they don't have access to what
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선원듀은 5μ‚΄μ§œλ¦¬μ—κ²Œλ„ λ‹Ήμ—°ν•œ
05:12
a five-year-old would take for granted, the Internet.
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인터넷 접속도 ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
And another thing that surprised me when I got on board Kendal
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μΌ„λ“€ν˜Έμ— νƒ€κ³ μ„œ μ œκ°€ λ†€λžλ˜ 또 ν•œ κ°€μ§€λŠ”
05:19
was who I was sitting next to --
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제 μ˜†μ— μ•‰μ•„μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
Not the queen; I can't imagine why they put me underneath her portrait --
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여왕은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œ μ €λ₯Ό μ—¬μ™• μ΄ˆμƒν™” μ•„λž˜ μ•‰κ²Œ ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ„€μš”.
05:27
But around that dining table in the officer's saloon,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ„ μ›μ‹€μ˜ μ‹νƒμ—μ„œ
05:30
I was sitting next to a Burmese guy,
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μ €λŠ” λ²„λ§ˆμΈ μ˜†μ— μ•‰μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:32
I was opposite a Romanian, a Moldavian, an Indian.
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제 λ°˜λŒ€ νŽΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ” λ£¨λ§ˆλ‹ˆμ•„μΈ, λͺ¨λ¦¬λΈŒμΈ, 인도인이 μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:35
On the next table was a Chinese guy,
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μ˜† μ‹νƒμ—λŠ” 쀑ꡭ인이 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ μš”.
05:37
and in the crew room, it was entirely Filipinos.
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μ„ μ‹€μ—λŠ” μ „λΆ€ 필리핀 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ‘œ 꽉 μ°¨ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
05:40
So that was a normal working ship.
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그게 일반적인 배의 λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:43
Now how is that possible?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 그게 κ°€λŠ₯ν• κΉŒμš”?
05:45
Because the biggest dramatic change
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μ§€λ‚œ 60λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ ν•΄μš΄ μ—…κ³„μ—μ„œ
05:47
in shipping over the last 60 years,
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κ°€μž₯ 극적인 λ³€ν™”λŠ”
05:49
when most of the general public stopped noticing it,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μΌλ°˜μΈλ“€μ΄ λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ”
05:51
was something called an open registry,
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개방적 등둝 λ˜λŠ”
05:54
or a flag of convenience.
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νŽΈμ˜μΉ˜μ μ œλ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. (μ—­μ£Ό: μ†Œμœ  선박을 자ꡭ이 μ•„λ‹Œ 외ꡭ에 λ“±λ‘ν•˜λŠ” μ œλ„)
05:57
Ships can now fly the flag of any nation
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이제 선박은 μ„ λ°• 등둝을 ν—ˆλ½ν•˜λŠ”
05:59
that provides a flag registry.
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κ΅­κ°€μ˜ μ†Œμ†μ΄ 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:02
You can get a flag from the landlocked nation
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μ•„μ£Ό ν”ν•œ 일은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:05
of Bolivia, or Mongolia,
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λ³Όλ¦¬λΉ„μ•„λ‚˜ λͺ½κ³ κ°™μ€ λ‚΄λ₯™κ΅­μ΄λ‚˜
06:07
or North Korea, though that's not very popular.
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λΆν•œκ³Ό 같은 κ΅­κ°€μ˜ κΉƒλ°œμ„ 달고 μš΄ν•­ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:11
So we have these very multinational,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ΄μ œλŠ” 선박에 맀우
06:13
global, mobile crews on ships.
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ꡭ적의 이동 μž‘μ—… 선원을 νƒœμ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
And that was a surprise to me.
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μ œκ²ŒλŠ” λ†€λΌμš΄ μΌμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
06:21
And when we got to pirate waters,
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ν•΄μ λ“€μ˜ ꡬ역인
06:24
down the Bab-el-Mandeb strait and into the Indian Ocean,
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λ°₯μ—˜λ§ŒλŽ ν•΄ν˜‘μ„ μ§€λ‚˜ μΈλ„μ–‘μœΌλ‘œ ν•­ν•΄ν•  λ•Œ,
06:27
the ship changed.
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배에 λ³€ν™”κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:29
And that was also shocking, because suddenly,
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이것은 λ†€λΌμš΄ μΌμ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
06:32
I realized, as the captain said to me,
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μ„ μž₯이 제게 λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄
06:34
that I had been crazy to choose to go
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μ»¨ν…Œμ΄λ„ˆμ„ μ„ 타고 ν•΄μ λ“€μ˜ ꡬ역을 μ§€λ‚˜λŠ”
06:36
through pirate waters on a container ship.
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μ •μ‹ λ‚˜κ°„ 선택을 ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:39
We were no longer allowed on deck.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 이상 κ°‘νŒμ— λ‚˜κ°ˆ 수 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
06:41
There were double pirate watches.
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해적에 λŒ€ν•œ κ²½κ³„λŠ” λ°°κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:44
And at that time, there were those 544 seafarers being held hostage,
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κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œ 544 λͺ…μ˜ 선원듀이 인질둜 μž‘ν˜€μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
06:48
and some of them were held hostage for years
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그듀쀑 μΌλΆ€λŠ” λͺ‡ ν•΄ λ™μ•ˆμ΄λ‚˜ μ–΅λ₯˜λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
06:50
because of the nature of shipping and the flag of convenience.
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그것은 ν•΄μš΄μ˜ νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό νŽΈμ˜μΉ˜μ μ œλ„ λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:53
Not all of them, but some of them were,
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μ „λΆ€λŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ λ”λŸ¬λŠ”
06:55
because for the minority of unscrupulous ship owners,
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λ¬΄μ±…μž„ν•œ 일뢀 μ„ μ£Όλ“€ 탓이기도 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
it can be easy to hide behind
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μ„ μ μ˜ λ“±λ‘μ˜ μš©μ΄ν•¨μ΄ μ£ΌλŠ”
07:02
the anonymity offered by some flags of convenience.
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읡λͺ…μ„± λ’€λ‘œ μˆ¨λŠ” 것이 μ‰¬μ›Œμ§„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:07
What else does our sea blindness mask?
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바닀에 λŒ€ν•œ λ¬΄μ§€μ—λŠ” 또 μ–΄λ–€ 것이 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
07:11
Well, if you go out to sea on a ship
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λ°°λ‚˜ ν¬λ£¨μ¦ˆμ„ μ„ 타고
07:13
or on a cruise ship, and look up to the funnel,
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바닀에 λ‚˜κ°€ 배의 κ΅΄λšμ„ μ˜¬λ €λ‹€ 보면
07:15
you'll see very black smoke.
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검은 μ—°κΈ°κ°€ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
And that's because shipping
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ν•΄μš΄μ—…μ€ 이윀이 맀우 λ°•ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
07:21
has very tight margins, and they want cheap fuel,
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κ°’μ‹Ό μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
07:23
so they use something called bunker fuel,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ²™μ»€μœ λΌλŠ” μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:26
which was described to me by someone in the tanker industry
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읡λͺ…μ˜ μœ μ‘°μ„ μ—…κ³„ κ΄€κ³„μžλŠ”
07:28
as the dregs of the refinery,
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그것이 μ •μœ  후에 λ‚˜μ˜¨ μ°ŒκΊΌκΈ°μ΄κ±°λ‚˜
07:30
or just one step up from asphalt.
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μ•„μŠ€νŒ”νŠΈ λ°”λ‘œ μœ— λ‹¨κ³„μ˜ μ—°λ£ŒλΌκ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
And shipping is the greenest method of transport.
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ν•΄μš΄μ€ κ°€μž₯ ν™˜κ²½μΉœν™”μ μΈ μš΄μ†‘ λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:37
In terms of carbon emissions per ton per mile,
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1λ§ˆμΌλ‹Ή, 1톀당 λ°©μΆœν•˜λŠ” νƒ„μ†Œμ˜ 양을 λ³Ό λ•Œ λ§μ΄μ§€μš”.
07:39
it emits about a thousandth of aviation
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비행기에 λΉ„ν•΄ 1μ²œλΆ„μ˜ 1 μ •λ„μ˜
07:42
and about a tenth of trucking.
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νŠΈλŸ­μ— λΉ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 10λΆ„μ˜ 1 μ •λ„μ˜ νƒ„μ†Œλ§Œμ„ λ°°μΆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
But it's not benign, because there's so much of it.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”. λ‹€λ₯Έ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μ†Œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:48
So shipping emissions are about three to four percent,
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μ„ λ°•μ˜ λŒ€κΈ°λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ€ μ•½ 3μ—μ„œ 4%정도인데
07:50
almost the same as aviation's.
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ν•­κ³΅μ—…κ³„μ˜ λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ— 거의 λ§žλ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:52
And if you put shipping emissions
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μ„ λ°•μ˜ λŒ€κΈ°λ°°μΆœλŸ‰μ„
07:54
on a list of the countries' carbon emissions,
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κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ˜ νƒ„μ†Œ λ°°μΆœλŸ‰ λͺ©λ‘μ— 견주어 보면
07:57
it would come in about sixth,
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μ•½ 6μœ„ 정도 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:59
somewhere near Germany.
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λ…μΌμ˜ μˆœμœ„ μ―€ λ˜μ§€μš”.
08:01
It was calculated in 2009 that the 15 largest ships
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2009λ…„μ˜ μˆ˜μΉ˜μ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ λ©μΉ˜κ°€ κ°€μž₯ 큰 15μ²™μ˜ λ°°λŠ”
08:05
pollute in terms of particles and soot
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κ·Έμ„μŒκ³Ό 뢄진, 그리고 μœ ν•΄ κ°€μŠ€μ˜ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ λ³Ό λ•Œ
08:07
and noxious gases
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μ „ 세계 μžλ™μ°¨λ“€μ˜
08:09
as much as all the cars in the world.
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곡해 정도와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:11
And the good news is that
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λ‹€ν–‰μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œλ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이제
08:13
people are now talking about sustainable shipping.
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지속 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•΄μš΄μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ…Όμ˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:15
There are interesting initiatives going on.
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ν₯미둜운 κ³„νšμ΄ μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  있죠.
08:17
But why has it taken so long?
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그런데 μ™œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 였래 κ±Έλ¦΄κΉŒμš”?
08:20
When are we going to start talking and thinking
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μ–Έμ œμ―€μ—μ•Ό μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 항곡 λ§ˆμΌλ¦¬μ§€ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
08:22
about shipping miles as well as air miles?
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ν•΄μš΄ λ§ˆμΌλ¦¬μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ…Όμ˜ν•˜κ³  κ³ λ €ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν• κΉŒμš”?
08:26
I also traveled to Cape Cod to look
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λΆλŒ€μ„œμ–‘ μ°Έκ³ λž˜λ“€μ˜ 문제λ₯Ό λ‘˜λŸ¬λ³΄λŸ¬
08:29
at the plight of the North Atlantic right whale,
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케이프 μ½”λ“œμ— κ°„ 적이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:33
because this to me was one of the most surprising things
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ œκ²ŒλŠ” 그것이 μ œκ°€ λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ 보낸 μ‹œκ°„ 쀑에
08:35
about my time at sea,
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κ°€μž₯ λ†€λΌμš΄ 일 κ°€μš΄λ° ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜€κ³ 
08:37
and what it made me think about.
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κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 생각을 κ°–κ²Œ ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
08:39
We know about man's impact on the ocean
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄μ—…κ³Ό κ³Όλ„ν•œ λ‚¨νšμœΌλ‘œ
08:42
in terms of fishing and overfishing,
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인간이 바닀에 끼친 영ν–₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:44
but we don't really know much about
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬Ό μ•„λž˜μ—μ„œ
08:46
what's happening underneath the water.
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μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ•„λŠ” 것이 거의 μ—†μ£ .
08:48
And in fact, shipping has a role to play here,
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사싀, 여기에 ν•΄μš΄μ—…μ— 주어진 역할이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:51
because shipping noise has contributed
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μš΄ν•­μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” μ†ŒμŒμ€
08:55
to damaging the acoustic habitats of ocean creatures.
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λ°”λ‹€ μƒλ¬Όμ˜ μ„œμ‹μ§€μ— 음ν–₯ 곡해가 되고 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:58
Light doesn't penetrate beneath the surface of the water,
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빛은 수면 μ•„λž˜λ‘œ ν†΅κ³Όν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:01
so ocean creatures like whales and dolphins
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ³ λž˜λ‚˜ 돌고래,
09:03
and even 800 species of fish
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심지어 800μ—¬μ’…μ˜ μ–΄λ₯˜λŠ”
09:06
communicate by sound.
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μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ μ†Œν†΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:09
And a North Atlantic right whale
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λΆλŒ€μ„œμ–‘ μ°Έκ³ λž˜λŠ”
09:10
can transmit across hundreds of miles.
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μˆ˜λ°±λ§ˆμΌμ„ 거쳐 μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:13
A humpback can transmit a sound
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ν˜Ήλ“±κ³ λž˜λŠ” λŒ€μ–‘ κ±΄λ„ˆκΉŒμ§€
09:15
across a whole ocean.
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μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό 보낼 수 있죠.
09:17
But a supertanker can also be heard
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ΄ˆλŒ€ν˜• μœ μ‘°μ„ μ˜ μ†ŒμŒμ€
09:19
coming across a whole ocean,
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λ°”λ‹€ 전체λ₯Ό κ°€λ‘œμ§ˆλŸ¬ νƒμ§€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
and because the noise that propellers make underwater
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μˆ˜μ€‘μ—μ„œ ν”„λ‘œνŽ λŸ¬κ°€ λ‚΄λŠ” μ†ŒμŒμ˜ μ£ΌνŒŒμˆ˜λŠ”
09:24
is sometimes at the same frequency that whales use,
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μ’…μ’… κ³ λž˜κ°€ λ‚΄λŠ” μ£ΌνŒŒμˆ˜μ™€ κ°™μ•„μ„œ
09:27
then it can damage their acoustic habitat,
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고래의 μ„œμ‹μ— 음ν–₯적인 ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:30
and they need this for breeding,
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κ³ λž˜λŠ” μƒˆλΌλ₯Ό ν‚€μš°λŠ”λ° 음ν–₯을 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:32
for finding feeding grounds,
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먹이λ₯Ό ꡬ할 κ΅¬μ—­μ΄λ‚˜
09:34
for finding mates.
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짝을 μ°ΎλŠ”λ° μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
09:36
And the acoustic habitat of the North Atlantic right whale
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λΆλŒ€μ„œμ–‘ 참고래의 음ν–₯적 μ„œμ‹μ§€λŠ”
09:39
has been reduced by up to 90 percent.
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졜고 90%κΉŒμ§€ μ€„μ–΄λ“€μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
09:42
But there are no laws governing acoustic pollution yet.
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음ν–₯적인 곡해λ₯Ό μ œν•œν•˜λŠ” 법은 아직 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:47
And when I arrived in Singapore,
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μ œκ°€ 싱가포λ₯΄μ— λ„μ°©ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
09:50
and I apologize for this, but I didn't want to get off my ship.
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μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ, μ €λŠ” λ°°μ—μ„œ 내리고 싢지 μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”.
09:55
I'd really loved being on board Kendal.
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μ €λŠ” 정말 μΌ„λ“€ν˜Έμ— λ‚¨μ•„μžˆκ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
I'd been well treated by the crew,
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선원듀은 제게 잘 λŒ€ν•΄μ£Όμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
10:00
I'd had a garrulous and entertaining captain,
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말 많고 μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” μ„ μž₯λ‹˜λ„ μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
10:04
and I would happily have signed up for another five weeks,
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μ €λŠ” κΈ°λΆ„μ’‹κ²Œ 5μ£Ό μ—°μž₯ 계약에 λ™μ˜ ν–ˆμ„κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:08
something that the captain also said
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또 μ„ μž₯λ‹˜μ΄ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν–ˆλ“―μ΄
10:09
I was crazy to think about.
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μ œκ°€ μ§„μ •μœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄κ³ μž ν–ˆλ˜ 것이 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
10:12
But I wasn't there for nine months at a time
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” 필리핀 μ„ μ›λ“€μ²˜λŸΌ
10:14
like the Filipino seafarers,
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ν•œ 번의 항해에 9κ°œμ›”μ΄λ‚˜ 있고 싢지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
who, when I asked them to describe their job to me,
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κ·Έ 선원듀은 μ œκ°€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 직업을 ν‘œν˜„ν•΄λ‹¬λΌκ³  ν•˜μž,
10:18
called it "dollar for homesickness."
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"ν–₯μˆ˜λ³‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ λŒ€κ°€λ‘œ λ°›λŠ” 돈" 이라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
They had good salaries,
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μ„ μ›λ“€μ˜ μž„κΈˆμ€ λ†’μ§€λ§Œ
10:22
but theirs is still an isolating and difficult life
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 삢은 고립되고 νž˜λ“€μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
10:25
in a dangerous and often difficult element.
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μœ„ν—˜μŠ€λŸ½κ³  λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” νž˜λ“  μš”μ†Œλ„ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”.
10:29
But when I get to this part, I'm in two minds,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ œκ°€ 이 뢀뢄에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ œκ²ŒλŠ” 두가지 생각이 κ³΅μ‘΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:31
because I want to salute those seafarers
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ €λŠ” 이 μ„ μ›λ“€μ—κ²Œ 경의λ₯Ό ν‘œν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
10:34
who bring us 90 percent of everything
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κ·Έ 선원듀은 μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ λͺ¨λ“  κ²ƒμ˜ 90%λ₯Ό μš΄μ†‘ν•΄ μ£Όκ³ 
10:36
and get very little thanks or recognition for it.
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그에 λŒ€ν•œ κ°μ‚¬λ‚˜ 인정을 λ°›λŠ” κ²½μš°λŠ” 거의 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:40
I want to salute the 100,000 ships
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μ €λŠ” 바닀에 λ– μ„œ
10:42
that are at sea
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맀일 μ˜€κ°€λ©°
10:44
that are doing that work, coming in and out
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ ν•„μš”ν•œ λ¬Όν’ˆμ„
10:46
every day, bringing us what we need.
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μš΄μ†‘μ— μ£ΌλŠ” μ‹­μ—¬λ§ŒλŒ€μ˜ 선박에 경의λ₯Ό ν‘œν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:49
But I also want to see shipping,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” λ˜ν•œ ν•΄μš΄μ—…μ— λŒ€ν•΄,
10:52
and us, the general public, who know so little about it,
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ν•΄μš΄μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 거의 μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” μ €λ‚˜ μΌλ°˜μΈλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄
10:56
to have a bit more scrutiny,
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μ’€ 더 μžμ„Έν•˜κ²Œ,
10:58
to be a bit more transparent,
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μ’€ 더 투λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ,
11:00
to have 90 percent transparency.
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90%의 투λͺ…성을 가지고 ν•΄μš΄μ—…μ„ λ“€μ—¬λ‹€ 보고자 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:03
Because I think we could all benefit
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μ €λŠ” 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€
11:06
from doing something very simple,
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맀우 κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μΌμ—μ„œ ν˜œνƒμ„ 얻을 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
which is learning to see the sea.
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λ°”λ‘œ 바닀에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ°°μš°λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
11:11
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:14
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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