Maps that show us who we are (not just where we are) | Danny Dorling

250,036 views ใƒป 2016-12-21

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sue Yoon ๊ฒ€ํ† : SongA Park
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
I'd like you to imagine the world anew.
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00:17
I'd like to show you some maps,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฒค ํ—ค๋‹์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ง€๋„์ธ๋ฐ,
00:20
which have been drawn by Ben Hennig,
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00:22
of the planet in a way
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
00:24
that most of you will never have seen the planet depicted before.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋œ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Here's an image that you're very familiar with.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
I'm old enough that I was actually born before we saw this image.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
Apparently some of my first words were "moona, moona,"
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ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€ "๋‹ฌ, ๋‹ฌ" ์˜€๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์ €์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ํ™˜์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์…จ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
but I think that's my mom having a particular fantasy
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00:44
about what her baby boy could see
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๊ฐ€
00:46
on the flickering black and white TV screen.
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๊นœ๋ฐ•๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ‘๋ฐฑ ํ‹ฐ๋น„ ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
00:51
It's only been a few centuries
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ช‡ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ „์—์„œ์•ผ
00:53
since we've actually, most of us, thought of our planet as spherical.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
1960๋…„์— ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ
00:58
When we first saw these images in the 1960s,
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01:01
the world was changing at an incredible rate.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
In my own little discipline of human geography,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™์—
01:10
a cartographer called Waldo Tobler
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์™ˆ๋„ ํ† ๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ง€๋„ ์ œ์ž‘์ž๊ฐ€
01:13
was drawing new maps of the planet,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
and these maps have now spread,
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๊ทธ ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:17
and I'm going to show you one of them now.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
This map is a map of the world,
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์ด๊ฑด ์„ธ๊ณ„์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
but it's a map which looks to you
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€
์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
a little bit strange.
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01:28
It's a map in which we stretched places,
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค์„œ
์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
01:32
so that those areas which contain many people are drawn larger,
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01:36
and those areas, like the Sahara and the Himalayas,
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์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด๋‚˜ ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ ๊ฐ™์ด
01:39
in which there are few people, have been shrunk away.
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์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์ค„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Everybody on the planet is given an equal amount of space.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์–‘์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋น›์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
01:47
The cities are shown shining bright.
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01:50
The lines are showing you submarine cables and trade routes.
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์ € ์„ ๋“ค์€ ํ•ด์ € ์ผ€์ด๋ธ”๊ณผ ๋ฌด์—ญํ•ญ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
And there's one particular line that goes from the Chinese port of Dalian
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์ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ จํ•ญ๊ตฌ์—์„œ
01:57
through past Singapore,
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์‹ฑ๊ฐ€ํด์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ณ 
01:59
through the Suez Canal,
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์ˆ˜์—์ฆˆ ์šดํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ
02:01
through the Mediterranean and round to Rotterdam.
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์ง€์ค‘ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ ๋กœํ…Œ๋ฅด๋‹ด์„ ์˜ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ•ญ๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
And it's showing you the route
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์ด ํ•ญ๋กœ๋Š”
02:05
of what was the world's largest ship just a year ago,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ผ ๋…„ ์ „์— ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ํ•ญ๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
a ship which was taking so many containers of goods
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์ด ๋ฐฐ์— ์‹ค๋ฆฐ ์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํ™”๋ฌผ์„
02:15
that when they were unloaded,
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๋‚ด๋ ค์„œ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ์›Œ ๋†“์œผ๋ฉด
02:17
if the lorries had all gone in convoy, they would have been 100 kilometers long.
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100 ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๊ธธ์ด๊นŒ์ง€ ์„ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
This is how our world is now connected.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
This is the quantity of stuff we are now moving around the world,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
just on one ship, on one voyage,
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๋ฐฐ ํ•œ์ฒ™์œผ๋กœ, ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ํ•ญํ•ด๋ฅผ
02:34
in five weeks.
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5์ฃผ ์•ˆ์— ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
We've lived in cities for a very long time,
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์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
but most of us didn't live in cities.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
This is ร‡atalhรถyรผk, one of the world's first cities.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์ฒซ ๋„์‹œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์ฐจํƒˆํšŒ์œ„ํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ตœ๊ณ  ์ „์„ฑ๊ธฐ์˜€๋˜ 9000๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š”
02:47
At its peak 9,000 years ago,
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘ ์ง€๋ถ•์œ„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
people had to walk over the roofs of others' houses to get to their home.
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๋„์‹œ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด
02:58
If you look carefully at the map of the city,
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03:01
you'll see it has no streets,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
because streets are something we invented.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
The world changes.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์‹œํ–‰์ฐฉ์˜ค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
It changes by trial and error.
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03:13
We work out slowly and gradually
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„œ์„œํžˆ
03:16
how to live in better ways.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
And the world has changed incredibly quickly most recently.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ๋“ค์–ด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
It's only within the last six, seven, or eight generations
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์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์ธ ์ข…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:29
that we have actually realized that we are a species.
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๊ฒจ์šฐ ์ง€๋‚œ 6,7 ํ˜น์€ 8์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
It's only within the last few decades
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๊ฒจ์šฐ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ์‹ญ๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
03:37
that a map like this could be drawn.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
Again, the underlying map is the map of world population,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋” ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„ํฌ ์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋งŒ
03:47
but over it, you're seeing arrows showing how we spread out of Africa
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์œ„์— ๋”ํ•ด์ง„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
03:53
with dates showing you where we think we arrived
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ํ™”์‚ดํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ๋‚ ์งœ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์ถ”์ธกํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
at particular times.
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03:59
I have to redraw this map every few months,
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ์— ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทธ๋ ค์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
because somebody makes a discovery that a particular date was wrong.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ € ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ๊ฐ€ ํ‹‘๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
We are learning about ourselves at an incredible speed.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์•Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
And we're changing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
A lot of change is gradual.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
It's accretion.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋˜์ฃ .
04:22
We don't notice the change
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์€ ์งง๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
04:25
because we only have short lives,
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70์„ธ์—์„œ 80์„ธ, ์šด์ด ์ข‹์œผ๋ฉด 90์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ด์ฃ ,
๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
70, 80, if you're lucky 90 years.
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04:30
This graph is showing you
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์ด ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋Š”
04:32
the annual rate of population growth in the world.
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์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ฅ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•ฝ 1850๋…„ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:36
It was very low until around about 1850,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์žฅ ์†๋„๋Š”
04:40
and then the rate of population growth
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04:42
began to rise
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์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
so that around the time I was born,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์ฏค
04:46
when we first saw those images from the moon of our planet,
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๋‹ฌ์—์„œ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š”
04:52
our global population was growing at two percent a year.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•ด๋งˆ๋‹ค 2%์”ฉ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
If it had carried on growing at two percent a year
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๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๊ณ„์† ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 2%์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋”๋ผ๋ฉด
05:02
for just another couple of centuries,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‘์–ด ์„ธ๊ธฐ ์•ˆ์—
05:06
the entire planet would be covered
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€
05:08
with a seething mass of human bodies
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์„œ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋”ชํžˆ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐœ๋””๋”œ ํ‹ˆ๋„ ์—†์ด ๋“ค๋“๋Š”
05:11
all touching each other.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ชธ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋’ค๋ฎ์˜€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
And people were scared.
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05:16
They were scared of population growth
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์ธ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๋‘๋ ค์› ๊ณ 
05:18
and what they called "the population bomb" in 1968.
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1968๋…„์—๋Š” "์ธ๊ตฌ ํญ๋ฐœ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ๋’ค์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
05:22
But then, if you look at the end of the graph,
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05:25
the growth began to slow.
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์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ๋Š๋ ค์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
The decade --
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10๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค
70๋…„๋Œ€, 80๋…„๋Œ€, 90๋…„๋Œ€, 2000๋…„๋Œ€
05:30
the '70s, the '80s, the '90s, the noughties,
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05:33
and in this decade, even faster --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฒˆ 2010๋…„๋„์—๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๋น ๋ฅธ๋ฐ
05:36
our population growth is slowing.
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์ธ๊ตฌ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
Our planet is stabilizing.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
We are heading towards nine, 10, or 11 billion people
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ง์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
05:42
by the end of the century.
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90์–ต, 100์–ต, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 110์–ต์„ ํ–ฅํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
Within that change, you can see tumult.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์†์— ๊ฒฉ๋™์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
You can see the Second World War.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ œ2์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ „์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:49
You can see the pandemic in 1918 from influenza.
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1918๋…„์˜ ๋…๊ฐ ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
You can see the great Chinese famine.
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์ค‘๊ตญ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ทผ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
These are the events we tend to concentrate on.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ์—ฌ๊ฒจ๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
We tend to concentrate on the terrible events in the news.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‰ด์Šค์˜ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
We don't tend to concentrate on the gradual change
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋‚˜
06:06
and the good news stories.
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์—๋Š” ๋ณ„ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
06:09
We worry about people.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
We worry about how many people there are.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
We worry about how you can get away from people.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
But this is the map of the world changed again to make area large,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์‹œํ‚จ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ง€๋„์ธ๋ฐ
06:21
the further away people are from each area.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋” ์ปค์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์–ด๋””๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์•ผํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด
06:26
So if you want to know where to go to get away from everybody,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
here's the best places to go.
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06:32
And every year, these areas get bigger,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งค๋…„ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์€ ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:35
because every year, we are coming off the land globally.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋•…์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
We are moving into the cities.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๋ชจ์—ฌ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
We are packing in more densely.
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์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ 
06:42
There are wolves again in Europe,
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๋–ผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
์„œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
and the wolves are moving west across the continent.
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06:49
Our world is changing.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:52
You have worries.
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๊ณ ๋ฏผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
This is a map showing where the water falls on our planet.
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
We now know that.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:02
And you can look at where ร‡atalhรถyรผk was,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฐจํƒˆํšŒ์œ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋˜๊ณณ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์™€ ์•„์‹œ์•„์™€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ, ์ด ์„ธ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์ด ๋งž๋‹ฟ๋Š” ์ง€์ ์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:06
where three continents meet, Africa, Asia, and Europe,
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07:08
and you can see there are a large number of people living there
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๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—
07:11
in areas with very little water.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
And you can see areas in which there is a great deal of rainfall as well.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ข€ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
07:17
And we can get a bit more sophisticated.
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07:20
Instead of making the map be shaped by people,
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์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
07:23
we can shape the map by water,
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๋ฌผ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์‚ผ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋งค ๋‹ฌ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
07:26
and then we can change it every month
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07:27
to show the amount of water
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด
07:29
falling on every small part of the globe.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
And you see the monsoons moving around the planet,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ์žฅ๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:37
and the planet almost appears to have a heartbeat.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ์ด ๋›ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
And all of this only became possible
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฑธ ์•„๋Š”๋ฐ
07:46
within my lifetime
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€
07:48
to see this is where we are living.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ œ ์ƒ์•  ๋‚ด์— ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
We have enough water.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
This is a map of where we grow our food in the world.
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋””์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณก์‹์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
This is the areas that we will rely on most for rice and maize and corn.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์Œ€๊ณผ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
People worry that there won't be enough food, but we know,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„์น˜ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์•Œ๊ณ ์žˆ์ฃ ,
08:10
if we just ate less meat and fed less of the crops to animals,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œก๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๋™๋ฌผ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณก์‹์„ ์ค„์ด๋ฉด,
08:15
there is enough food for everybody
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”ํ•œ
08:17
as long as we think of ourselves as one group of people.
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์‹๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:24
And we also know
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08:27
about what we do
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ํ˜„์žฌ ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
08:29
so terribly badly nowadays.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
You will have seen this map of the world before.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ „์—๋„ ๋ณด์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ ธ๋˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹คํ…๋ฐ์š”.
08:39
This is the map
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08:41
produced by taking satellite images,
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š”
08:44
if you remember those satellites around the planet
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์œ„์„ฑ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
08:47
in the very first slide I showed,
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์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐค์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”์ง€
08:51
and producing an image of what the Earth looks like at night.
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์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
When you normally see that map,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
08:57
on a normal map, the kind of map that most of you will be used to,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‹œ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ์ง€๋„๋กœ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋”” ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ง€๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
you think you are seeing a map of where people live.
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๋ถˆ๋น›์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
09:06
Where the lights are shining up is where people live.
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09:09
But here, on this image of the world,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—, ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ
09:13
remember we've stretched the map again.
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๋˜๋‹ค์‹œ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:17
Everywhere has the same density of people on this map.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฐ€๋„ ๊ฐ™๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
If an area doesn't have people,
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์–ด๋Š ์ง€์—ญ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:24
we've shrunk it away
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ
09:26
to make it disappear.
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์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋ฅด์จ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ
09:28
So we're showing everybody
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09:30
with equal prominence.
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๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
Now, the lights no longer show you where people are,
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์ด ์ง€๋„์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
09:36
because people are everywhere.
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์ด์ œ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋น›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ์ด ์ง€๋„์˜ ๋ถˆ๋น›
09:39
Now the lights on the map,
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋น›, ์นด์ด๋กœ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋น›, ๋„์ฟ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋น›
09:41
the lights in London, the lights in Cairo, the lights in Tokyo,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋™๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋น›์€
09:44
the lights on the Eastern Seaboard of the United States,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:47
the lights show you where people live
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๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
09:50
who are so profligate with energy
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ํ•˜๋Š˜๋กœ ์˜์•„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ๋งŒํผ ๋น›์„ ๋‚ด๋Š”
09:53
that they can afford
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09:55
to spend money
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๋น„์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
09:57
powering lights to shine up into the sky,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ๋งŒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์–ด
10:00
so satellites can draw an image like this.
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์œ„์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
And the areas that are dark on the map
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์ด ์ง€๋„์—์„œ ์–ด๋‘์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
10:07
are either areas where people do not have access to that much energy,
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:12
or areas where people do,
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ํ˜น์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:14
but they have learned to stop shining the light up into the sky.
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๋น›์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
And if I could show you this map animated over time,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:23
you would see that Tokyo has actually become darker,
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๋„์ฟ„๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ์–ด๋‘์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ
์ผ๋ณธ์˜ ์“ฐ๋‚˜๋ฏธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ดํ›„๋กœ
10:27
because ever since the tsunami in Japan,
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10:30
Japan has had to rely on a quarter less electricity
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ํ•ต๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ป๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
10:33
because it turned the nuclear power stations off.
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์ „๋ ฅ์˜ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ์ค„์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
And the world didn't end.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
You just shone less light
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๊ทธ์ € ๋ฐคํ•˜๋Š˜์—
10:41
up into the sky.
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๋ถˆ๋น›์ด ์ ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
There are a huge number
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜
10:48
of good news stories in the world.
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
Infant mortality is falling
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์œ ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:55
and has been falling at an incredible rate.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์†๋„๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
A few years ago,
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„
11:02
the number of babies dying in their first year of life in the world
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ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ์ง€ ์ผ๋…„๋„ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ฃฝ์€ ์‹ ์ƒ์•„๋“ค์ด
11:06
fell by five percent in just one year.
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์ผ๋…„ ๋งŒ์— 5%๋‚˜ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
More children are going to school
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋งŒํผ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ
๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
11:14
and learning to read and write
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11:16
and getting connected to the Internet
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๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
11:19
and going on to go to university
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ ‘์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
11:22
than ever before at an incredible rate,
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๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
and the highest number of young people going to university in the world
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ Š์€์ด ์ค‘์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์—ฌ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
are women, not men.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
11:35
I can give you good news story after good news story
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข‹์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋์—†์ด ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
11:39
about what is getting better in the planet,
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11:41
but we tend to concentrate
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ
11:45
on the bad news that is immediate.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๋” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
Rebecca Solnit, I think, put it brilliantly,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋ ˆ๋ฒ ์นด ์†”๋‹›์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : "์ง„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ 
11:53
when she explained: "The accretion of incremental, imperceptible changes
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11:58
which can constitute progress and which render our era
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€๋Š” ๋Œ€ํญ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”
12:01
dramatically different from the past" --
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์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ ์ง„์  ์ฆํญ,"
12:04
the past was much more stable --
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
"a contrast obscured by the undramatic nature of gradual transformation,
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"๊ฐ„ํ—์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋ž€์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ ์ง„์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
12:12
punctuated by occasional tumult."
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๋ชจํ˜ธํ•ด์ง„ ์ฐจ์ด์ "
12:16
Occasionally, terrible things happen.
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์ด๋”ฐ๊ธˆ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•œ ์ผ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
You are shown those terrible things
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค์€
12:22
on the news every night of the week.
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๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณคํ•˜์ง€์š”.
12:25
You are not told about the population slowing down.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
You are not told about the world becoming more connected.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
You are not told about the incredible improvements in understanding.
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์ธ์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
You are not told about how we are learning to begin
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋œ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
12:39
to waste less and consume less.
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๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
This is my last map.
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์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
On this map, we have taken the seas
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์ด ์ง€๋„์—์„œ๋Š”
12:46
and the oceans out.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค์™€ ๋Œ€์–‘์„ ์ œ์™ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
Now you are just looking
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€
12:51
at about 7.4 billion people
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74์–ต์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ
12:55
with the map drawn in proportion to those people.
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๋น„๋ก€ํ•ด์„œ ์ง€๋„ํ™”ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
You're looking at over a billion in China,
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์ค‘๊ตญ์—๋Š” 10์–ต๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
13:01
and you can see the largest city in the world in China,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ณด์ด์‹คํ…๋ฐ์š”,
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฆ„๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
but you do not know its name.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ด ์ง€๋„์—์„œ๋Š”
13:07
You can see that India
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13:08
is in the center of this world.
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์ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
You can see that Europe is on the edge.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
And we in Exeter today
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—‘์Šคํ„ฐ๋Š”
์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ณ€๋‘๋ฆฌ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
are on the far edge of the planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋Œ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•œ๋ฐ
13:21
We are on a tiny scrap of rock
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์ด ์œ ๋Ÿฝ๋„
13:24
off Europe
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13:25
which contains less than one percent
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋ฅธ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ค‘
13:28
of the world's adults,
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1%๋„ ์ฐจ์ง€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
13:30
and less than half a percent
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ค‘
13:32
of the world's children.
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0.5%๋„ ์ฐจ์ง€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
We are living in a stabilizing world, an urbanizing world,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ •ํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„, ๋„์‹œํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„,
13:40
an aging world,
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๋…ธํ™”๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„,
13:42
a connecting world.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
There are many, many things to be frightened about,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ
13:48
but there is no need for us to fear each other as much as we do,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๊ณ 
13:53
and we need to see that we are now living in a new world.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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