Jaime Lerner: Sing a song of sustainable cities

62,273 views ใƒป 2008-02-07

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sojeong Chung ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jinjoo Roh
00:19
I hope you'll understand my English.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
In the mornings it is terrible, and the afternoon is worst.
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์•„์นจ์— ์ œ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜คํ›„์—๋Š” ์ œ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋”์ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:30
During many years, I made some speeches starting with this
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์˜ค๋žœ ์„ธ์›” ๋™์•ˆ, ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ง๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
saying: "City is not a problem, it's a solution."
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"๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด๋‹ค" ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
And more and more, I'm convinced that
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ์  ๋”, ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
it's not only a solution for a country,
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๋„์‹œ๋ž€ ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
00:50
but it's a solution for the problem of climate change.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
But we have a very pessimistic approach about the cities.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
I'm working in cities for almost 40 years,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ 40๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์—์„œ ์ผํ•ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
and where every mayor is trying to tell me his city is so big,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ์žฅ(๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž)์€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
or the other mayors say, "We don't have financial resources,"
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์žฌ์›(์˜ˆ์‚ฐ)์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
I would like to say
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
from the experience I had: every city in the world
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์‹œ๋Š”
01:26
can be improved in less than three years.
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3๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ๊ฐœ์„ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
There's no matter of scale. It's not a question of scale,
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๊ทœ๋ชจ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
it's not a question of financial resources.
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์žฌ์›(์˜ˆ์‚ฐ)์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
Every problem in a city has to have its own equation of co-responsibility
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ณต๋™ ์ฑ…์ž„์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
and also a design.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
So to start, I want to introduce some characters
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋จผ์ €, ์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ(๋“ฑ์žฅ ์ธ๋ฌผ)๋“ค์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
from a book I made for teenagers.
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์ด ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“  ์ฑ…์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
The best example of quality of life is the turtle
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์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ถ์ด ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
because the turtle is an example of living and working together.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๋ถ์ด๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
And when you realize that the casque of the turtle
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ถ์ด์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ป์งˆ์ด
02:18
looks like an urban tessitura,
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๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์งœ์—ฌ์ง„ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋•Œ,
02:23
and can we imagine, if we cut the casque of the turtle, how sad she's going to be?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋“ฑ๊ป์งˆ์„ ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๋ถ์ด๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์Šฌํผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
And that's what we're doing in our cities:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
living here, working here, having leisure here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ , ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
And most of the people are leaving the city
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:41
and living outside of the city.
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๋„์‹œ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
So, the other character is Otto, the automobile.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์ธ ์˜คํ† ์”จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
He is invited for a party -- he never wants to leave.
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
The chairs are on the tables and still drinking,
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์˜์ž๋“ค์€ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ์œ„์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
and he drinks a lot. (Laughter)
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ(์ž๋™์ฐจ)๋Š” ์ˆ ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งˆ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํœ˜๋ฐœ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น„์œ ํ•จ) (์›ƒ์Œ)
03:02
And he coughs a lot. Very egotistical:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ(์ž๋™์ฐจ)๋Š” ์žฌ์ฑ„๊ธฐ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์—ฐ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚ด๋ฟœ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น„์œ ํ•จ) ๋งค์šฐ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ด์ฃ .
03:06
he carries only one or two people
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๊ทธ(์ž๋™์ฐจ)๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•œ๋‘๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋งŒ์„ ์‹ค์–ด ๋‚˜๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
and he asks always for more infrastructure.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ(์ž๋™์ฐจ)๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์‹œ์„ค(์ธํ”„๋ผ)์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
Freeways.
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๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:18
He's a very demanding person.
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๊ทธ(์ž๋™์ฐจ)๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
And on the other hand, Accordion, the friendly bus,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œํŽธ์—๋Š” ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ฒ„์Šค์ธ ์•„์ฝ”๋””์–ธ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
he carries 300 people --
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๊ทธ(๋ฒ„์Šค)๋Š” 300๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์‹ค์–ด ๋‚˜๋ฅด์ฃ .
03:28
275 in Sweden; 300 Brazilians. (Laughter)
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์Šค์›จ๋ด์—์„œ๋Š” 275๋ช…์„, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ๋Š” 300๋ช…์„ ์‹ค์–ด ๋‚˜๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
03:39
Speaking about the design: every city has its own design.
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๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ๋„์‹œ์ธ ์ฟ ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋ฐ”(Curitiba, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ๋‚จ๋™๋ถ€์˜ ํฐ ๋„์‹œ)๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์—๋Š” 3๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์ด ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋„์‹œ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ๋Š” ์•ฝ 180๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
Curitiba, my city: three million in the metropolitan area,
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์ œ ๋„์‹œ์ธ ์ฟ ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋ฐ”(Curitiba, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ๋‚จ๋™๋ถ€์˜ ํฐ ๋„์‹œ)๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์—๋Š” 3๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์ด ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
03:48
1,800,000 people in the city itself.
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๋„์‹œ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ๋Š” ์•ฝ 180๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
Curitiba, Rio: it's like two birds kissing themselves.
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์ฟ ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋ฐ”(Curitiba)์™€ ๋ฆฌ์˜ค(Rio, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์˜ ์˜› ์ˆ˜๋„ ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋ฐ์ž๋„ค์ด๋ฃจ)์˜ ๋„์‹œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์ž…๋งž์ถค์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
Oaxaca, San Francisco -- it's very easy:
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์˜ค์•…์‚ฌ์นด (Oaxaca, ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์˜ค์•…์‚ฌ์นด์ฃผ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋„์‹œ)์™€ ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋„์‹œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ฃ .
03:59
Market Street, Van Ness and the waterfront.
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๋งˆ์ผ“ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(Market Street), ๋ฐ˜๋„ค์Šค ๊ฐ€ (Van Ness Avenue), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
04:02
And every city has its own design.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
But to make it happen, sometimes you have to propose a scenario
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด, ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
and to propose a design --
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๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋””์ž์ธ, ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
an idea that everyone, or the large majority,
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๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ, ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
will help you to make it happen.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ˜„์‹คํ™”๋˜๋„๋ก ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋„์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
And that's the structure of the city of Curitiba.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฟ ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋ฐ”(Curitiba)์‹œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
And it's an example of living and working together.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
And this is where we have more density;
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
it's where we have more public transport.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
So, this system started in '74. We started with 25,000 passengers a day,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ 74๋…„์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 2๋งŒ5์ฒœ๋ช…์˜ ์Šน๊ฐ๋“ค๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์ง€์š”.
04:45
now it's 2,200,000 passengers a day.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 2๋ฐฑ20๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์Šน๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
04:48
And it took 25 years until another city ...
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25๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€..
04:52
which is Bogota, and they did a very good job.
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์ฆ‰ ๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€ ์‹œ(Bogota, ๋‚จ๋ฏธ ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„)๊ฐ€... ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ์„ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
04:57
And now there's 83 cities all over the world that they
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ 83๊ฐœ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด,
05:02
are doing what they call the BRT of Curitiba.
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์ฟ ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋ฐ”(Curitiba)์˜ BRT(Bus Rapid Transit, ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ธ‰ํ–‰๋ฒ„์Šค์ฒด๊ณ„, ๋„์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์™ธ๊ณฝ์„ ์ž‡๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ๋„๋กœ์— ๊ธ‰ํ–‰๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์šดํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šด์˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And one thing: it's important not for only your own city;
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
05:13
every city, besides its normal problems,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์‹œ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค ์™ธ์—,
05:17
they have a very important role
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:20
in being with the whole humanity.
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์ฆ‰, ์ „์ฒด ์ธ๋ฅ˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
05:23
That means mostly two main issues --
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
mobility and sustainability -- are becoming very important for the cities.
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์ด๋™์„ฑ(Mobility)๊ณผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ(Sustainability)์€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
And this is an articulated bus, double-articulated.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตด์ ˆ๋ฒ„์Šค(Articulated bus, 2๋Ÿ‰ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์„ 1ํŽธ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์šดํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ์„œ BRT์— ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜์š”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ฐจ), ๋‘๋ฐฐ์˜ ๊ตด์ ˆ๋ฒ„์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
And we are very close to my house.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ ์ง‘์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
You can come when you are in Curitiba and have a coffee there.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ฟ ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋ฐ”(Curitiba)์— ์˜ค์‹œ๋ฉด ๋“ค๋ฅด์…”์„œ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
And that's the evolution of the system.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ง„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
What in the design that made the difference
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์ด ๋””์ž์ธ์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
05:52
is the boarding tubes:
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ํƒ‘์Šน์šฉ ๊ด€(Boarding Tubes)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
the boarding tube gives to the bus the same performance as a subway.
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์ด ํƒ‘์Šน์šฉ ๊ด€์€ ๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
That's why, I'm trying to say,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ
06:04
it's like metro-nizing the bus.
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๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
This is the design of the bus,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด BRT ๋ฒ„์Šค์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
and you can pay before entering the bus you're boarding.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํƒ‘์Šน์‹œ ๋ฒ„์Šค์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ˆ์„ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
And for handicapped, they can use this as a normal system.
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์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
What I'm trying to say is
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”,
06:26
the major contribution on carbon emissions are from the cars --
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์ž๋™์ฐจ๋“ค์ด ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ฃผ๋œ ์›์ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
more than 50 percent -- so when we depend only on cars, it's ...
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์˜ 50% ์ด์ƒ์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ์˜์กดํ•  ๋•Œ,
06:41
-- that's why when we're talking about sustainability,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
06:45
it's not enough, green buildings.
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์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
06:48
It's not enough, a new materials.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
It's not enough, new sources of energy.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์› ๋˜ํ•œ (ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์—) ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
It's the concept of the city, the design of the city,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ, ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ปจ์…‰, ์ฆ‰ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
that's also important, too. And also, how to teach the children.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€๋Š”
07:09
I'll speak on this later on.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Our idea of mobility is trying
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด๋™์„ฑ(Mobility)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”,
07:17
to make the connections between all the systems.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
We started in '83, proposing for the city of Rio
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 1983๋…„์— ๋ฆฌ์˜ค(Rio)์‹œ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:25
how to connect the subway with the bus.
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๋ฒ„์Šค์™€ ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
The subway was against, of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์€ ์ด์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž…์žฅ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
And 23 years after, they called us to develop -- we're developing this idea.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  23๋…„ ํ›„์—, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
And you can understand how different it's going to be,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€...
07:41
the image of Rio with the system --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฆฌ์˜ค(Rio)์‹œ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
one-minute frequency.
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๊ทธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ 1๋ถ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์˜ ๋นˆ๋„๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
07:48
And it's not Shanghai,
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์ด ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒํ•˜์ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
it's not being colored during the day, only at night
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ฎ์—๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ด ์—†๊ณ  ์˜ค์ง ๋ฐค์—๋งŒ...
07:54
it will look this way.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
And before you say it's a Norman Foster design,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋…ธ๋จผ ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ(Norman Foster, ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€)์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
08:02
we designed this in '83.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ 83๋…„๋„์— ๋””์ž์ธ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
And this is the model,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
how it's going to work. So, it's the same system;
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šด์˜๋˜๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
08:13
the vehicle is different. And that's the model.
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์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
What I'm trying to say is, I'm not trying
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ €๋Š”...
08:23
to prove which system of transport is better.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ตํ†ต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
I'm trying to say we have to combine
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
all the systems, and with one condition:
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
never -- if you have a subway, if you have surface systems,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง€์ƒ ๊ตํ†ต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:43
if you have any kind of system --
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:46
never compete in the same space.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
And coming back to the car, I always used to say
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
that the car is like your mother-in-law:
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์ž๋™์ฐจ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
you have to have good relationship with her,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
but she cannot command your life.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋ช…๋ นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
So, when the only woman in your life is your mother-in-law,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ถ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด,
09:21
you have a problem. (Laughter)
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
09:25
So, all the ideas about how to transform through design --
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๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š”,
09:32
old quarries and open universities and botanic garden --
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ฑ„์„์žฅ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๋“ค, ์‹๋ฌผ์›..
09:39
all of it's related to how we teach the children.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
And the children, we teach during six months how to separate their garbage.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 6๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์€,
09:51
And after, the children teach their parents.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
And now we have 70 percent --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ 70%๋ผ๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€,
09:59
since 20 years, it's the highest rate of separation of garbage in the world.
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20๋…„ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ, ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋น„์œจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
Seven zero.
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70์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
10:12
So teach the children.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:15
I would like to say, if we want to have a sustainable world
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:21
we have to work with everything what's said,
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๊ฑฐ๋ก ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
but don't forget the cities and the children.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:30
I'm working in a museum and also a multi-use city,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ชฉ์  ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
because you cannot have empty places during 18 hours a day.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 18์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
10:39
You should have always
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
a structure of living and working together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
Try to understand the sectors in the city
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋“ค(Sectors)์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:49
that could play different roles during the 24 hours.
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24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ๋“ค์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
Another issue is, a city's like our family portrait.
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๋˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ด์Šˆ๋Š”, ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
We don't rip our family portrait,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐข์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
even if we don't like the nose of our uncle,
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๋น„๋ก ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์˜ ์ฝ”๊ฐ€ ๋ง˜์— ์•ˆ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
because this portrait is you.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
And these are the references that we have in any city.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ๋ผ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฌผ(References)์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
This is the main pedestrian mall;
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ์š” ๋„๋ณด ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
we did it in 72 hours. Yes, you have to be fast.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ 72์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋งŒ์— ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋นจ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
And these are the references from our ethnic contribution.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์œค๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณตํ—Œ์—์„œ ์˜จ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
This is the Italian portal,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ (๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์›…์žฅํ•œ) ์ •๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
the Ukrainian park, the Polish park, the Japanese square, the German park.
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์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณต์›, ํด๋ž€๋“œ์˜ ๊ณต์›, ์ผ๋ณธ์˜ ๊ด‘์žฅ, ๋…์ผ์˜ ๊ณต์›
11:39
All of a sudden, the Soviet Union, they split.
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์†Œ๋ จ์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์—ํŠธ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ์ด ๋ถ„ํ• ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
And since we have people from
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—...
11:45
Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, [unclear],
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์šฐ์ฆˆ๋ฒ ํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„, ์นด์žํ์Šคํƒ„, ํƒ€์ง€ํ‚ค์Šคํƒ„ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ
11:49
we have to stop the program.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:53
Don't forget: creativity starts when you cut a zero from your budget.
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์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค; ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ์ค‘ 0 ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋บ„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ฌ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ)
12:02
If you cut two zeros, it's much better.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ 0์„ ๋‘๊ฐœ ๋บ€๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋‚˜์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.(์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ๋” Tightํ•ด์ง์„ ์˜๋ฏธ)
12:07
And this is the Wire Opera theater. We did it in two months.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์™€์ด์–ด ์˜คํŽ˜๋ผ ๊ทน์žฅ(Wire Opera Theater) ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 2๊ฐœ์›” ๋งŒ์— ํ•ด๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:14
Parks -- old quarries that they were transformed into parks.
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ฑ„์„์žฅ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์›์œผ๋กœ ํƒˆ๋ฐ”๊ฟˆํ•œ ๊ณต์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
Quarries once made the nature, and
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ํ•œ ๋•Œ ์ž์—ฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์ฑ„์„์žฅ๋“ค์„
12:23
sometimes we took this and we transformed.
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๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํƒˆ๋ฐ”๊ฟˆ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
And every part can be transformed;
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋„ ํƒˆ๋ฐ”๊ฟˆ๋ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
every frog can be transformed in a prince.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐœ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™•์ž๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
So, in a city, you have to work fast.
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๋„์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
Planning takes time. And I'm proposing urban acupuncture.
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๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ  ์š”๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
That means me, with some focal ideas to help the normal process of planning.
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์ฆ‰, ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ƒ์  ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
And this is an acupuncture note --
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์นจ์ˆ  ๋…ธํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
or I.M. Pei's. Some small ones
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I.M. Pei(์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€)์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ์š”. ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„
13:06
can make the city better.
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๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
The smallest park in New York, the most beautiful:
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๋‰ด์š•์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ๊ณต์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•„๋ฆ…๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:14
32 meters.
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32๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ •๋„ ์ฏค ๋˜์ง€์š”.
13:17
So, I want just to end saying
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ง์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
that you can always propose new materials -- new sustainable materials --
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฌ๋ฃŒ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
but keep in mind that we have to work fast
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ง์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
to the end, because we don't have the whole time to plan.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
And I think creativity, innovation is starting.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ, ํ˜์‹ ์€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
And we cannot have all the answers.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ต์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
So when you start --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”,
13:55
and we cannot be so prepotent on having all the answers --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์šฐ์„ธํ•œ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
it's important starting and having the contribution from people,
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด (๋™์ฐธํ•˜์—ฌ) ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
and they could teach you
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ค„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
if you're not in the right track.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
14:11
At the end, I would like if you can help me to sing the sustainable song.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
OK?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”?
14:22
Please, allow me just two minutes.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋”ฑ 2๋ถ„๋งŒ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:25
You're going to make the music and the rhythm.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์Œ์•…๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
โ™ซ Toonchi-too! Toonchi-too! Toonchi-too! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋šฑ์น˜ํ‰! ๋šฑ์น˜ํ‰! ๋šฑ์น˜ํ‰! โ™ซ
14:35
โ™ซ Toonchi-too! Toonchi-too! Toonchi-too! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋šฑ์น˜ํ‰! ๋šฑ์น˜ํ‰! ๋šฑ์น˜ํ‰! โ™ซ
14:38
โ™ซ It's possible! It's possible! You can do it! You can do it! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”! ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”! ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”! ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”!โ™ซ
14:42
โ™ซ Use less your car! Make this decision! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ๊ฒฐ๋‹จ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”! โ™ซ
14:45
โ™ซ Avoid carbon emission! It's possible! It's possible! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”! ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”! โ™ซ
14:50
โ™ซ You can do it! You can do it! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”! ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”! โ™ซ
14:52
โ™ซ Live closer to work! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์ง์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์—์„œ ์‚ด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! โ™ซ
14:56
โ™ซ Work closer to home! Save energy in your home! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด๋ฐ์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ์ง‘์—์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜์„ธ์š”! โ™ซ
15:04
โ™ซ It's possible! It's possible! You can do it! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”! ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”! ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”! โ™ซ
15:07
โ™ซ You can do it! Separate your garbage! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”! ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”! โ™ซ
15:11
โ™ซ Organic, schmorganic! Save more! Waste less! It's possible! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋†์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ์ข€ ๋” ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด์„ธ์š”! ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์š”! โ™ซ
15:17
โ™ซ You can do it! Please, do it now! โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”! ์ œ๋ฐœ! ํ•ด์š”, ์ง€๊ธˆ! โ™ซ
15:25
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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