The deadly genius of drug cartels | Rodrigo Canales

684,057 views ・ 2013-11-04

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: K Bang κ²€ν† : Damin Park
00:13
In December of 2010,
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2010λ…„ 12μ›”,
00:17
the city of ApatzingΓ‘n
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λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ˜ 해변에 μœ„μΉ˜ν•œ μ£Ό
00:19
in the coastal state of MichoacΓ‘n, in Mexico,
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λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉΈμ˜ μ•„νŒŒμΉ­ν•œ μ‹œλŠ”
00:22
awoke to gunfire.
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μ΄μ†Œλ¦¬λ‘œ 아침을 λ§žμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
For two straight days,
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이틀간 연이어
00:26
the city became an open battlefield
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λ„μ‹œλŠ” μ •λΆ€κ΅°κ³Ό
00:28
between the federal forces
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 지역 범죄 단체 μ†Œμ†μΌ
00:30
and a well-organized group,
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잘 ν›ˆλ ¨λœ 쑰직 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜
00:32
presumably from the local criminal organization,
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μ „μŸν„°κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
00:34
La Familia Michoacana, or the MichoacΓ‘n family.
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라 νŒŒλ°€λ¦¬μ•„ λ―Έμ΄ˆμΉ΄λ‚˜, λ―Έμ΄ˆμΉ΄λ‚˜μ˜ κ°€μ‘±μ΄λž€ μ‘°μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
The citizens didn't only experience incessant gunfire
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μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ€ λŠμž„μ—†λŠ” μ΄μ†Œλ¦¬μ™€
00:41
but also explosions
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ν­λ°œμŒμ„ 듀을 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:43
and burning trucks used as barricades across the city,
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μ‹œ μ „μ—­μ—μ„œ λ°”λ¦¬μΌ€μ΄λ“œλ‘œ 쓰인 λΆˆνƒ€λŠ” νŠΈλŸ­μ„ λ³΄μ•˜μ§€μš”.
00:47
so truly like a battlefield.
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정말 μ „μŸν„°λ₯Ό λ°©λΆˆμΌ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
After these two days,
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κ·Έ 이틀이 μ§€λ‚˜κ³ 
00:50
and during a particularly intense encounter,
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특히 κ²©λ ¬ν•œ 싸움이 μ§„ν–‰λ˜λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ
00:53
it was presumed that the leader of La Familia Michoacana,
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라 νŒŒλ°€λ¦¬μ•„ λ―Έμ΄ˆμΉ΄λ‚˜μ˜ μ§€λ„μžμΈ
00:55
Nazario Moreno, was killed.
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λ‚˜μžλ¦¬μ˜€ λͺ¨λ ˆλ…Έκ°€ μ‚¬λ§ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΆ”μ •λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
In response to this terrifying violence,
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이런 λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ 폭λ ₯에 λŒ€μ‘ν•˜μ—¬
01:00
the mayor of ApatzingΓ‘n
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μ•„νŒŒμΉ­ν•œμ˜ μ‹œμž₯은 μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ
01:02
decided to call the citizens to a march for peace.
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평화 행진을 μš”μ²­ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ‹¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
The idea was to ask for a softer approach
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μ΄λŠ” μ£Όμ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 범죄 ν–‰μœ„μ— λŒ€ν•œ
01:08
to criminal activity in the state.
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평화적인 λŒ€μ‘μ„ 보여주기 μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
And so, the day of the scheduled procession,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 행진이 μ˜ˆμ •λœ λ‚ 
01:13
thousands of people showed up.
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수천λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λͺ¨μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
As the mayor was preparing to deliver
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μ‹œμž₯이 ν–‰μ§„μ˜ μ‹œμž‘μ„ μ•Œλ¦¬λŠ”
01:17
the speech starting the march,
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연섀을 μ€€λΉ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„ λ•Œ
01:19
his team noticed
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μ‹œμž₯의 λ³΄μ’Œκ΄€λ“€μ€
01:20
that, while half of the participants
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μ°Έκ°€μžμ˜ 반이
01:24
were appropriately dressed in white,
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ν°μƒ‰μ˜ 볡μž₯을 ν•˜κ³ 
01:25
and bearing banners asking for peace,
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평화λ₯Ό μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” λ°°λ„ˆλ₯Ό λ“€κ³  μžˆλŠ” 반면
01:28
the other half was actually marching
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λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ μ ˆλ°˜μ€
01:30
in support of the criminal organization
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범죄 단체와 μ΄μ œλŠ” μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”
01:33
and its now-presumed-defunct leader.
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μ§€λ„μžλ₯Ό μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
Shocked, the mayor decided to step aside
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좩격을 받은 μ‹œμž₯은
01:40
rather than participate or lead a procession
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ν‘œλ©΄μƒμœΌλ‘œ 범죄λ₯Ό μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 행진을 μ΄λŒκ±°λ‚˜ μ°Έκ°€ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ 
01:42
that was ostensibly in support of organized crime.
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κ·Έ ν–‰μ§„μ—μ„œ μž μ‹œ λΉ„κ»΄ μ„œμžˆκΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
And so his team stepped aside.
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λ³΄μ’Œκ΄€λ“€λ„ 같이 λ¬ΌλŸ¬λ‚¬μ£ .
01:47
The two marches joined together,
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μ–‘μͺ½μ˜ 행진 μ§„μ˜μ€ ν•¨κ»˜ μ„žμ—¬
01:49
and they continued their path
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μ£Όλ„κΉŒμ§€ μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜
01:52
towards the state capital.
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길을 κ±Έμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
This story of horrific violence
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λ”μ°ν•œ 폭λ ₯에 이어
02:00
followed by a fumbled approach
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μ‹œλ―Ό μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό μ°Έμ—¬μ‹œν‚€λ € ν–ˆλ˜
02:02
by federal and local authorities as they tried
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쀑앙 및 지방 κ³΅λ¬΄μ›λ“€μ˜ 잘λͺ»λœ μ ‘κ·ΌμœΌλ‘œ
02:04
to engage civil society,
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범죄 단체가 λͺ¨μ‘°λ¦¬ μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜κ²Œ 된
02:06
who has been very well engaged by a criminal organization,
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이 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ”
02:09
is a perfect metaphor for what's happening in Mexico today,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ°˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
where we see that our current understanding
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§ˆμ•½ 범죄와
02:16
of drug violence and what leads to it
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κ·Έ 결과에 λŒ€ν•œ
02:18
is probably at the very least incomplete.
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λ―Έμˆ™ν•œ 이해λ₯Ό μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
If you decided to spend 30 minutes trying
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λˆ„κ΅¬λ“  30λΆ„λ§Œ μ‹œκ°„μ„ ν• μ• ν•˜μ—¬
02:23
to figure out what's going on with drug violence in Mexico
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λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” λ§ˆμ•½ κ΄€λ ¨ 폭λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œκ³ μž
02:25
by, say, just researching online,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μΈν„°λ„·μ—μ„œ 검색을 해본닀든지 ν•˜λ©΄
02:27
the first thing you would find out is that
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜λŠ” 첫 번째 사싀은
02:29
while the laws state that all Mexican citizens are equal,
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λͺ¨λ“  λ©•μ‹œμ½”μΈμ€ ν‰λ“±ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 법이 μžˆμŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
02:33
there are some that are more
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λˆ„κ΅¬λŠ” 남듀보닀 더
02:34
and there are some that are much less equal than others,
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ λˆ„κ΅¬λŠ” 그보닀 덜 ν‰λ“±ν•˜κ²Œ λŒ€ν•΄μ§„λ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:38
because you will quickly find out
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이걸 금방 μ•Œ 수 μžˆλŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
02:39
that in the past six years
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μ§€λ‚œ 6λ…„κ°„
02:41
anywhere between 60 and 100,000 people
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60λͺ…μ—μ„œ 10만λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
02:43
have lost their lives in drug-related violence.
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λ§ˆμ•½ κ΄€λ ¨ 폭λ ₯으둜 λͺ©μˆ¨μ„ μžƒμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
To put these numbers in perspective,
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이 숫자λ₯Ό 달리 생각해보면
02:48
this is eight times larger than the number of casualties
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μ΄λž€κ³Ό μ•„ν”„κ°€λ‹ˆμŠ€νƒ„ μ „μŸμ—μ„œμ˜ μ‚¬μƒμž 수λ₯Ό λͺ¨λ‘ ν•©ν•œ κ²ƒμ˜
02:51
in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars combined.
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8λ°°λ‚˜ λ˜λŠ” μˆ«μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
It's also shockingly close to the number of people
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κ·Έ μˆ«μžλŠ” μ‹œλ¦¬μ•„ λ‚΄μ „μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λ§ν•œ
02:58
who have died in the Syrian civil war,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μˆ˜μ— κ·Όμ ‘ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점이 좩격적이죠.
03:00
which is an active civil war.
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아직 진행 쀑인 μ „μŸμž„μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ μš”.
03:03
This is happening just south of the border.
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λ°”λ‘œ κ΅­κ²½ 남μͺ½μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  있죠.
03:06
Now as you're reading, however,
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그런 기사λ₯Ό 읽을 λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€
03:07
you will be maybe surprised that you will quickly
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μ‚¬λ§μž μˆ˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 빨리
03:09
become numb to the numbers of deaths,
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λ¬΄κ°κ°ν•΄μ§€λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ³ μ„œλŠ” 놀라싀 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
because you will see that these are sort of abstract numbers
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κ·Έ μˆ«μžκ°€ 좔상적이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
03:15
of faceless, nameless dead people.
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얼꡴도 이름도 없이 μ£½μ–΄κ°„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μš”.
03:18
Implicitly or explicitly, there is a narrative
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ν•¨μΆ•μ μœΌλ‘œλ“  μ™Έμ—°μ μœΌλ‘œλ“ 
03:21
that all the people who are dying
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죽은 λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
03:23
were somehow involved in the drug trade,
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μ–΄λ–€ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œλ“  λ§ˆμ•½ κ±°λž˜μ™€ 관련이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
and we infer this because they were either tortured
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μΆ”λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
03:29
or executed in a professional manner,
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이듀이 μ „λ¬Έμ μœΌλ‘œ 고문을 λ‹Ήν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ‚΄ν•΄λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
or, most likely, both.
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 두가지λ₯Ό λͺ¨λ‘ κ²ͺμ—ˆκ±°λ‚˜μš”.
03:33
And so clearly they were criminals
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ 이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ£½μ–΄κ°„ 방법을 λ³Ό λ•Œ
03:35
because of the way they died.
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λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ λ²”μ£„μžλ“€μΈκ±°μ£ .
03:38
And so the narrative is that somehow these people
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μ–΄μ°Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ±΄ 이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
03:40
got what they were deserved.
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λ§ˆλ•…νžˆ λ°›μ•„μ•Ό ν•  λŒ€κ°€λ₯Ό 치λ₯Έ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
They were part of the bad guys.
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그듀은 λ‚˜μœ 편의 μΌλΆ€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
And that creates some form of comfort
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 보면 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
03:47
for a lot of people.
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νŽΈμ•ˆν•˜κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ£ 
03:48
However, while it's easier to think
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λ“€, μ‹œλ―Όμ΄λ‚˜,
03:51
of us, the citizens, the police, the army,
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κ²½μ°°, κ΅°λŒ€λŠ” 우리 편이고
03:55
as the good guys, and them, the narcos,
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그듀은 λ§ˆμ•½μ— μ·¨ν•œ
03:59
the carteles, as the bad guys,
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μΉ΄λ₯΄ν…”λ‘œμ¨ λ‚˜μœ 편이라고 μ‰½κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” λ°˜λ©΄μ—
04:02
if you think about it,
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μ’€ 더 생각해보면
04:03
the latter are only providing a service to the former.
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ν›„μžλŠ” κ·Έμ € μ „μžμ—κ²Œ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것일 λΏμ΄μ—μš”.
04:07
Whether we like it or not,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λ“ 
04:09
the U.S. is the largest market
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미ꡭ은 μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ
04:12
for illegal substances in the world,
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λΆˆλ²• λ§ˆμ•½μ˜ μ΅œλŒ€ μ‹œμž₯으둜써
04:13
accounting for more than half of global demand.
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ˜ λ°˜μ΄μƒμ„ μ°¨μ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ±°μ£ .
04:17
It shares thousands of miles of border with Mexico
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미ꡭ은 λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ™€ 수천 마일의 ꡭ경을 κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  있고,
04:20
that is its only route of access from the South,
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κ·Έ ꡭ경은 남μͺ½μ—μ„œ 미ꡭ으둜 λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ μΌν•œ κΈΈμ΄μ§€μš”.
04:23
and so, as the former dictator of Mexico, Porfirio Diaz,
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λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ˜ μ „ λ…μž¬μžμΈ 포λ₯΄ν”Όλ¦¬μ˜€ λ””μ•„μ¦ˆλŠ”
04:26
used to say, "Poor Mexico,
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"λΆˆμŒν•œ λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ—¬,
04:29
so far from God and so close to the United States."
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μ‹ μ—κ²Œμ„œλŠ” 그리 λ©€κ³  미ꡭ에 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ κ°€κΉŒμ΄ μžˆλ‹€λ‹ˆ."라고 λ§ν•˜κ³€ ν–ˆμ£ .
04:35
The U.N. estimates that there are 55 million users
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UN의 좔산에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄
04:38
of illegal drugs in the United States.
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—λŠ” 5천5백만 λͺ…μ˜ λ§ˆμ•½ νˆ¬μ•½μžλ“€μ΄ μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:40
Using very, very conservative assumptions,
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맀우 보수적으둜 κ°€μ •ν•΄ 봐도
04:43
this yields a yearly drug market on the retail side
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이것은 μ†Œλ§€ μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ 맀년
04:46
of anywhere between 30 and 150 billion dollars.
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300μ–΅μ—μ„œ 1500μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ μ‹œμž₯을 ν˜•μ„±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
If we assume that the narcos only have access
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λ§ˆμ•½μƒλ“€μ΄ 도맀 κ±°λž˜μ—λ§Œ
04:51
to the wholesale part, which we know is false,
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손을 λ»—μΉœλ‹€ 해도, 사싀 κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ,
04:54
that still leaves you with yearly revenues
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κ·Έκ²ƒλ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„ 맀년
04:56
of anywhere between 15 billion and 60 billion dollars.
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150μ–΅μ—μ„œ 600μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ 이득을 κ°€μ Έλ‹€ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:01
To put these numbers in perspective,
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이 λˆμ„ μΆ”μ‚°ν•΄λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄
05:03
Microsoft has yearly revenues of 60 billion dollars.
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λ§ˆμ΄ν¬λ‘œμ†Œν”„νŠΈμ‚¬κ°€ 맀년 600μ–΅λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ μ΄μœ€μ„ λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:07
And it so happens that this is a product that,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ 이 μƒν’ˆμ€
05:10
because of its nature, a business model
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κ·Έ νŠΉμ„±μƒ, 이 μ‹œμž₯을 닀루고 μžˆλŠ”
05:13
to address this market requires you
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사업 λͺ¨λΈμ€ μƒμ‚°μžμ—κ²Œ
05:16
to guarantee to your producers
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μƒν’ˆμ΄ μ†ŒλΉ„λ˜λŠ” 곳에
05:18
that their product will be reliably placed
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μ•ˆμ •μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ ν†΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이
05:20
in the markets where it is consumed.
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보μž₯되기λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
And the only way to do this, because it's illegal,
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λ§ˆμ•½μ€ λΆˆλ²•μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ•ˆμ „μ„ 보μž₯ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μœ μΌν•œ 방법은
05:26
is to have absolute control of the geographic corridors
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λ§ˆμ•½μ„ μš΄μ†‘ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ“°μ΄λŠ” ꡭ경의 μœ ν†΅λ‘œμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ ˆλŒ€μ μΈ 지배λ ₯을
05:29
that are used to transport drugs.
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κ°–λŠ” 것이죠.
05:31
Hence the violence.
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즉, 폭λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
If you look at a map of cartel influence and violence,
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μΉ΄λ₯΄ν…”이 κ°–λŠ” 영ν–₯λ ₯κ³Ό 폭λ ₯의 λ²”μœ„λ₯Ό μ§€λ„μ—μ„œ 보면
05:37
you will see that it almost perfectly aligns
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그것은 μš΄μ†‘μ— κ°€μž₯ 효율적인 κΈΈκ³Ό
05:39
with the most efficient routes of transportation
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μ™„μ „νžˆ μΌμΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것을 보싀 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:41
from the south to the north.
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λ‚¨μ—μ„œ 뢁에 κ±Έμ³μ„œ λ§μ΄μ—μš”.
05:43
The only thing that the cartels are doing
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μΉ΄λ₯΄ν…”이 ν•˜λŠ” μœ μΌν•œ 일은
05:44
is that they're trying to protect their business.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 사업을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—μš”.
05:47
It's not only a multi-billion dollar market,
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κ·Έ 사업은 μˆ˜μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬ 짜리 μ‹œμž₯일 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
05:49
but it's also a complex one.
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λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 것이기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
For example, the coca plant is a fragile plant
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ μ½”μΉ΄λ‚˜λ¬΄λŠ” νŠΉμ •ν•œ μœ„λ„μ—μ„œλ§Œ
05:54
that can only grow in certain latitudes,
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μž¬λ°°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λ―Όκ°ν•œ μž‘λ¬Όμ΄μ—μš”.
05:56
and so it means that a business model
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 μ‹œμž₯을 μž₯μ•…ν•˜λŠ”
05:58
to address this market requires you to have
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사업 λͺ¨λΈμ€ λΆ„μ‚°λ˜μ–΄ 있고
06:00
decentralized, international production,
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ꡭ제적인 생산을 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:02
that by the way needs to have good quality control,
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  κ·Έ μ‚¬μ—…μ—λŠ” μ•„μ£Ό 쒋은 질 관리 체계λ₯Ό λ³΄μœ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
because people need a good high
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 생λͺ…에 지μž₯을 주지 μ•ŠλŠ”
06:07
that is not going to kill them
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쒋은 λ§ˆμ•½μ„ μ›ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
06:09
and that is going to be delivered to them when they need it.
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•  λ•Œ λ°”λ‘œ λ°°λ‹¬λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
06:12
And so that means they need to secure
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κ·Έ 말은 λ§ˆμ•½μƒλ“€μ€ 남μͺ½μ—μ„œλŠ”
06:14
production and quality control in the south,
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생산을 보μž₯ν•˜κ³  μƒν’ˆμ˜ μ§ˆμ„ κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λ©°
06:17
and you need to ensure that you have
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λ§ˆμ•½μ΄ νŒλ§€λ˜λŠ”
06:19
efficient and effective distribution channels
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μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” 효율적이고
06:21
in the markets where these drugs are consumed.
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효과적인 μœ ν†΅ 경둜λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—μš”.
06:25
I urge you, but only a little bit,
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μ „ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ κ³€λž€μ— 빠지지 μ•ŠκΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
06:26
because I don't want to get you in trouble,
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μ•„μ£Ό μ‘°μ‹¬μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ μ œμ•ˆμ„ ν•˜μžλ©΄,
06:28
to just ask around and see how difficult it would be
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주변에 λ¬Όμ–΄μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμ•½μ„
06:32
to get whatever drug you want, wherever you want it,
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μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ³³μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λŠ”κ²Œ
06:35
whenever you want it, anywhere in the U.S.,
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ–΄λ €μš΄ 것인지 μ•Œμ•„λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:37
and some of you may be surprised to know
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μ•„λ§ˆ λͺ‡ λΆ„λ“€κ»˜μ„œλŠ”
06:40
that there are many dealers that offer a service
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λ§ˆμ•½μƒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 문자 메세지λ₯Ό 보내면
06:42
where if you send them a text message,
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30λΆ„ 이내에 λ§ˆμ•½ 배달을
06:44
they guarantee delivery of the drug
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보μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 곳이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀에
06:46
in 30 minutes or less.
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놀라싀지도 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² κ΅°μš”.
06:49
Think about this for a second.
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μž μ‹œλ§Œ 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:51
Think about the complexity
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μ œκ°€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦° μœ ν†΅ ꡬ쑰의
06:53
of the distribution network that I just described.
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λ„€ν¬μ›Œν¬κ°€ κ°–λŠ” λ³΅μž‘ν•¨μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:56
It's very difficult to reconcile this
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이것을 μ„œλ‘œ μ΄μ§ˆμ„ ν•΄λŒ€λŠ”
06:59
with the image of faceless, ignorant goons
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폭λ ₯λ°°λ“€μ˜ 이미지와
07:03
that are just shooting each other,
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μ‘°ν™”μ‹œν‚€κΈ°κ°€ 쉽지 μ•Šμ•„μš”.
07:05
very difficult to reconcile.
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정말 쉽지 μ•Šμ€ 일이죠.
07:07
Now, as a business professor, and as any business professor would tell you,
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자 이제, κ²½μ˜ν•™ κ΅μˆ˜λ‘œμ„œ 그리고 κ²½μ˜ν•™ κ΅μˆ˜κ°€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ±΄λ°
07:11
an effective organization requires
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효과적인 λ‹¨μ²΄μ—λŠ”
07:13
an integrated strategy that includes
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이런 것듀을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ” 톡합적 μ „λž΅μ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:15
a good organizational structure, good incentives,
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μš°μˆ˜ν•œ 쑰직과 쒋은 μž₯λ € μ •μ±…,
07:18
a solid identity and good brand management.
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ν™•μ‹€ν•œ 정체성, 또 μš°μˆ˜ν•œ λΈŒλžœλ“œ 관리 같은 κ²ƒλ“€μ΄μš”.
07:21
This leads me to the second thing that you would learn
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이것듀을 κ³ λ €ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
07:23
in your 30-minute exploration of drug violence in Mexico.
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30λΆ„κ°„μ˜ 인터넷 κ²€μƒ‰μ—μ„œ μ•Œμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 게 ν•˜λ‚˜ 더 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:26
Because you would quickly realize,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄μ‹€ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
07:28
and maybe be confused by the fact,
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그리고 μ•„λ§ˆ ν˜Όλ™μ„ λŠλΌμ‹œκ² μ£ .
07:29
that there are three organizations
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언둠에 λŠμž„μ—†μ΄ 이름이 였λ₯΄λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ”
07:30
that are constantly named in the articles.
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3개의 단체가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
You will hear about Los Zetas,
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둜슀 μ œνƒ€μŠ€,
07:36
the Knights Templar, which is the new brand
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λ‚˜μ΄νŠΈ ν…œν”ŒλŸ¬, 이 λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ”
07:38
for the Familia Michoacana that I spoke about at the beginning,
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μ œκ°€ μ²˜μŒμ— λ§μ”€λ“œλ Έλ˜ λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉ΄λ‚˜ κ°€μ‘±μ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 이름이죠.
07:41
and the Sinaloa Federation.
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그리고 μ‹œλ‚˜λ‘œμ•„ μ—°ν•©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:43
You will read that Los Zetas is this assortment
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둜슀 μ œνƒ€μŠ€λŠ” 그듀이 λ“€μ–΄κ°€λŠ” λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό
07:46
of sociopaths that terrify the cities that they enter
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곡포에 빠뜨리고 언둠을 μΉ¨λ¬΅ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ”
07:50
and they silence the press,
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λ°˜μ‚¬νšŒμ  λ³‘νμ˜ μ’…ν•©νŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
and this is somewhat true, or mostly true.
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이건 μ–΄λŠ 정도, 사싀 거의 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—μš”.
07:56
But this is the result of a very careful branding
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것은 μ•„μ£Ό μ‘°μ‹¬μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ λΈŒλžœλ”©κ³Ό
08:00
and business strategy.
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사업 μ „λž΅μ˜ κ²°κ³Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:02
You see, Los Zetas is not just
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μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 둜슀 μ œνƒ€μŠ€λŠ”
08:04
this random assortment of individuals,
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이런 κ°œμΈλ“€μ˜ λ¬΄μž‘μœ„μ  집합체가 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:06
but was actually created by another criminal organization, the Gulf Cartel,
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그것은 사싀 κ±Έν”„ μΉ΄λ₯΄ν…”μ΄λΌλŠ” 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 범죄 단체가 μ°½μ‘°ν•΄ λ‚Έ κ²ƒμ΄μ—μš”.
08:09
that used to control the eastern corridor of Mexico.
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이 λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ” λ©•μ‹œμ½” 동μͺ½ μœ ν†΅λ‘œμ„ μ§€λ°°ν–ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:12
When that corridor became contested, they decided
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κ·Έ μͺ½ μœ ν†΅λ‘œμ—μ„œ 도전을 λ°›μž
08:15
that they wanted to recruit
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그듀은 전문적인 무λ ₯ 집단을
08:17
a professional enforcement arm.
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μ˜μž…ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ κ²°μ •ν•˜κ³ μ„ ,
08:19
So they recruited Los Zetas:
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둜슀 μ œνƒ€μŠ€λ₯Ό μ˜μž…ν–ˆμ£ .
08:23
an entire unit of elite paratroopers
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λ©•μ‹œμ½” κ΅° μ΅œμ •μ˜ˆ κ³΅μˆ˜λŒ€μ˜
08:26
from the Mexican Army.
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ν•œ λΆ€λŒ€ 전체λ₯Ό μ˜μž…ν•œ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
They were incredibly effective as enforcers for the Gulf Cartel,
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κ±Έν”„ μΉ΄λ₯΄ν…”μ˜ 무λ ₯으둜써 λ†€λžλ„λ‘ νš¨κ³Όμ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:33
so much so that at some point, they decided
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ–΄λ–€ μƒν™©μ—μ„œλŠ” 이듀이
08:34
to just take over the operations,
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전체 μž‘μ „μ„ λ„˜κ²¨λ°›κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
08:37
which is why I ask you to never keep tigers as pets,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μ ˆλŒ€λ‘œ ν˜Έλž‘μ΄λ₯Ό μ• μ™„ λ™λ¬Όλ‘œ λ“€μ΄μ‹œμ§€ λ§λΌλŠ” κ±°μ—μš”.
08:41
because they grow up.
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그듀은 μ„±μž₯ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
08:43
Because the Zetas organization was founded in treason,
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μ œνƒ€μŠ€λΌλŠ” λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ” λ°˜κ΅­κ°€ λ‹¨μ²΄μ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
08:47
they lost some of the linkages to the production and distribution
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이듀은 코카인과 같이 κ°€μž₯ μ‹œμž₯μ„± μžˆλŠ”
08:50
in the most profitable markets like cocaine,
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물건의 생산과 μœ ν†΅μ— λˆμ„ μžƒμ—ˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
08:52
but what they did have,
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그듀이 λ³΄μœ ν–ˆλ˜ 것은,
08:53
and this is again based on their military origin,
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이 단체도 κ΅°λŒ€μ— 뿌리λ₯Ό 두고 μžˆμ—ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
08:56
was a perfectly structured chain of command
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그듀이 λ³΄μœ ν–ˆλ˜ μ™„λ²½ν•œ λͺ…λ Ή 체계와
08:59
with a very clear hierarchy
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ν™•κ³ ν•œ 계급 체계,
09:01
and a very clear promotion path that allowed them
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그리고 맀우 ν™•κ³ ν•œ μŠΉκΈ‰ 체계λ₯Ό 가진 덕뢄에
09:05
to supervise and operate across many, many markets
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ‹œμž₯을 맀우 효율적으둜
09:09
very effectively,
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κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  운영 ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:11
which is the essence of what a chain of command seeks to do.
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이것이 λͺ…λ Ή 체계가 ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” 일의 본질이죠.
09:15
And so because they didn't have access
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이듀은 μˆ˜μ΅μ„±μ΄ 더 높은
09:16
to the more profitable drug markets,
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λ§ˆμ•½ μ‹œμž₯에 μ ‘κ·Όν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
09:18
this pushed them and gave them the opportunity
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이듀은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜
09:20
to diversify into other forms of crime.
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범죄 λ‹¨μ²΄λ‘œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•΄μ§ˆ 기회λ₯Ό κ°–κ²Œ 된 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:24
That includes kidnapping, prostitution,
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” λ‚©μΉ˜, 성맀맀,
09:28
local drug dealing and human trafficking,
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λ§ˆμ•½μ˜ 지역 판맀, 인신 맀맀 λ“±κ³Ό
09:30
including of migrants that go from the south to the U.S.
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미ꡭ으둜 λ“€μ–΄κ°€λŠ” λ°€μž…κ΅­μ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:34
So what they currently run is truly
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그듀이 ν˜„μž¬ μš΄μ˜ν•˜κ³  μž‡λŠ” 것은
09:38
and quite literally a franchise business.
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정말 μ™„μ „ν•œ ν”„λžœμ°¨μ΄μ¦ˆ μ‚¬μ—…μ΄μ—μš”.
09:42
They focus most of their recruiting on the army,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‹ μž…μ›μ„ κ΅°μ—μ„œ 데렀였며
09:45
and they very openly advertise for better salaries,
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곡개적으둜 보닀 λ‚˜μ€ 급여와
09:48
better benefits, better promotion paths,
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더 λ‚˜μ€ ν˜œνƒ, μŠΉμ§„ μ²΄κ³„λŠ” λ¬Όλ‘ 
09:51
not to mention much better food,
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κ΅°μ—μ„œ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것 보닀
09:53
than what the army can deliver.
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쒋은 μŒμ‹μ€ 말할 것도 μ—†κ³ μš”.
09:56
The way they operate is that
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그듀이 μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 방식은
09:57
when they arrive in a locality,
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μ–΄λ–€ 지역에 κ°œμž…ν•˜κ²Œ 될 λ•Œ
09:59
they let people know that they are there,
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그듀이 μ™”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œλ¦¬κ³ ,
10:01
and they go to the most powerful local gang
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κ·Έ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 힘이 μ„Ό 범죄 μ‘°μ§μ—κ²Œ
10:04
and they say, "I offer you
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜μ£ , "μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 당신넀듀이
10:06
to be the local representative of the Zeta brand."
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μ œνƒ€μ˜ 지역 λŒ€ν‘œκ°€ λ˜μ–΄ μ£ΌκΈΈ 바라넀."
10:10
If they agree -- and you don't want to know
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그듀이 λ™μ˜ν•˜λ©΄ -- λ™μ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄
10:11
what happens if they don't --
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μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€λŠ” μ•„μ‹€ 것도 μ—†μ–΄μš”. --
10:13
they train them and they supervise them
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μ œνƒ€μ—μ„œλŠ” 그듀을 ν›ˆλ ¨μ‹œν‚€κ³  κ΄€λ¦¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:15
on how to run the most efficient criminal operation
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좩성을 λŒ“κ°€λ‘œ κ·Έ λ§ˆμ„μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 효과적으둜
10:18
for that town, in exchange for royalties.
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범죄 단체λ₯Ό μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ „μˆ˜ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:22
This kind of business model obviously depends
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이런 ν˜•νƒœμ˜ 사업 λͺ¨λΈμ€
10:24
entirely on having a very effective brand of fear,
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두렀움을 μ•„μ£Ό 효과적으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ—μš”.
10:26
and so Los Zetas
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 둜슀 μ œνƒ€μŠ€λŠ”
10:28
carefully stage acts of violence
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본질적으둜 극적인
10:31
that are spectacular in nature,
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범죄 ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό μ‘°μ‹¬μŠ€λ ˆ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:33
especially when they arrive first in a city,
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특히 μ–΄λ–€ λ„μ‹œμ— 처음 λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆ λ•Œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜μ£ .
10:35
but again, that's just a brand strategy.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ˜ν•œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λΈŒλžœλ“œ μ „λž΅μ΄μ—μš”.
10:39
I'm not saying they're not violent,
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그듀이 폭λ ₯적이지 μ•Šλ‹€κ³  λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:41
but what I am saying is that even though you will read
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μ œκ°€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬λŠ” 것은 그듀이 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ
10:42
that they are the most violent of all,
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κ·Ήλ‹¨μ μœΌλ‘œ 폭λ ₯μ μž„μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
10:44
when you count, when you do the body count,
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μ‚¬λ§μž 수λ₯Ό 세어보면
10:47
they're actually all the same.
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κ·Έ μˆ˜κ°€ 항상 λ™μΌν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:51
In contrast to them, the Knights Templar
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그에 λΉ„ν•΄μ„œ λ‚˜μ΄νŠΈ ν…œν”ŒλΌλŠ”
10:54
that arose in MichoacΓ‘n
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λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉΈμ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λ˜μ–΄
10:56
emerged in reaction to the incursion
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μ œνƒ€μŠ€κ°€ λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉΈ μ£Ό 지역에
10:59
of the Zetas into the state of MichoacΓ‘n.
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λ‚œμž…ν•œ 것에 λŒ€ν•œ λŒ€ν•­μœΌλ‘œ μΆœλ²”ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
11:01
MichoacΓ‘n is a geographically strategic state
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λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉΈ μ£ΌλŠ” μ§€λ¦¬μ μœΌλ‘œ μ „λž΅μ μΈ μš”μΆ©μ§€μ—μš”.
11:04
because it has one of the largest ports in Mexico,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έ μ£Όμ—λŠ” λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 항ꡬ 쀑에 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
11:06
and it has very direct routes to the center of Mexico,
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λ©•μ‹œμ½” μ€‘μ•™μœΌλ‘œ ν–₯ν•˜λŠ” μ§ν•­λ‘œκ°€ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:09
which then gives you direct access to the U.S.
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κ·Έ ν›„μ—λŠ” 미ꡭ으둜 ν–₯ν•˜λŠ” μ§ν•­λ‘œλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§€κ±°λ“ μš”.
11:12
The Knights Templar realized very quickly
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λ‚˜μ΄νŠΈ ν…œν”ŒλΌλŠ” μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ 폭λ ₯λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ”
11:13
that they couldn't face the Zetas on violence alone,
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μ œνƒ€μŠ€μ™€ λŒ€μ ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 재빨리 μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦¬κ³ 
11:17
and so they developed a strategy
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μ‚¬νšŒμ  κΈ°μ—…μœΌλ‘œ
11:19
as a social enterprise.
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μ „λž΅μ„ μˆ˜μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:22
They brand themselves as representative of
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그듀은 μ‘°μ§ν™”λœ 범죄에 λŒ€ν•­ν•˜μ—¬
11:25
and protecting of the citizens of MichoacΓ‘n
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λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉΈ μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ„ λŒ€ν‘œν•˜κ³  λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
11:28
against organized crime.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ‚˜κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:30
Their brand of social enterprise means
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μ‚¬νšŒμ  κΈ°μ—…μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ΄λ―Έμ§€λŠ”
11:32
that they require a lot of civic engagement,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ˜ μ°Έμ—¬λ₯Ό ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜κ³ 
11:34
so they invest heavily in providing local services,
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지역에 λ΄‰μ‚¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ§Žμ€ 투자λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λΉ„μΉ˜μ§€μš”.
11:38
like dealing with home violence,
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κ°€μ • 폭λ ₯에 λŒ€μ‘ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
11:41
going after petty criminals, treating addicts,
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경범죄와 λ§ˆμ•½ μ€‘λ…μžλ₯Ό μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜κ³ ,
11:45
and keeping drugs out of the local markets
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μžκΈ°λ“€μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 곳의 지역 μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ λ§ˆμ•½μ„ μ—†μ• λŠ” 것과 같은
11:48
where they are,
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일듀 λ§μ΄μ—μš”.
11:50
and, of course, protecting people
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λ¬Όλ‘  범죄 μ§‘λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
11:52
from other criminal organizations.
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μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 것도 ν¬ν•¨ν•΄μ„œμš”.
11:54
Now, they kill a lot of people too,
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그듀은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ‚΄ν•΄ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
11:57
but when they kill them,
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그런 일을 ν•  λ•ŒλŠ”
12:00
they provide very careful narratives and descriptions
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ£Όμ˜κΉŠμ€
12:02
for why they did them,
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λ¬˜μ‚¬μ™€ μ„€λͺ…을 λ§λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:04
through newspaper insertions, YouTube videos,
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신문에 광고지λ₯Ό λ„£κ±°λ‚˜ 유튜브λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ§€μš”.
12:08
and billboards that explain that the people who were killed
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λ˜λŠ” μ˜₯μ™Έ 광고탑을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬
12:10
were killed because they represented a threat
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μ‚΄ν•΄λ‹Ήν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 단체인 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ
12:12
not to us, as an organization, of course,
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μ‹œλ―ΌμΈ λ‹Ήμ‹ λ“€μ—κ²Œ
12:14
but to you, as citizens.
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μœ„ν˜‘μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λΌκ³  μ„€λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:16
And so we're actually here to protect you.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μžμ‹ λ“€μ€ μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
12:19
They, as social enterprises do,
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μ‚¬νšŒμ  기업듀이 그렇듯이
12:21
have created a moral and ethical code
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그듀은 도덕적 ν˜Ήμ€ 윀리적인 κ·œλ²”μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄
12:23
that they advertise around,
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주변에 μ„ μ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:25
and they have very strict recruiting practices.
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그리고 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ°Έμ—¬μ‹œν‚€λŠ”λ° μ•„μ£Ό κ²°μ—°ν•œ νƒœλ„λ₯Ό λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:28
And here you have the types of explanations
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μ—¬κΈ° 그듀이 μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ ν–‰μœ„μ— λŒ€ν•΄
12:30
that they provide for some of their actions.
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μ„€λͺ…ν•œ 것듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:34
They have actually retained access
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그듀은 이득이 λ˜λŠ” λ§ˆμ•½ 판맀λ₯Ό
12:36
to the profitable drug trade,
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μœ μ§€ν•΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:38
but the way they do it is, because they control all of MichoacΓ‘n,
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그듀이 λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉΈ 주와 라자둜 μΉ΄λ₯΄λ°λ‚˜ 항을
12:40
and they control the Port of LΓ‘zaro CΓ‘rdenas,
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손아귀에 λ„£κ³  μ‘°μ •ν•  수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
12:43
they leverage that to, for example,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μžλ©΄ 이런 방법을 μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:44
trade copper from MichoacΓ‘n that is legally created
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λ―Έμ΄ˆμ•„μΉΈ μ£Όμ—μ„œ ν•©λ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ μƒμ‚°λœ ꡬ리와
12:48
and legally extracted
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μ€‘κ΅­μ—μ„œ λΆˆλ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°€μ Έμ˜¨ μ—νŽ˜λ“œλ¦°μ„
12:49
with illegal ephedrine from China
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κ΅ν™˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
which is a critical precursor for methamphetamines
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λ©”νƒνŽ˜νƒ€λ―Ό(ν•„λ‘œν°)의 κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 재료이죠.
12:55
that they produce, and then they have partnerships
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그리고 미ꡭ으둜 λ§ˆμ•½μ„ μœ ν†΅ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ”
12:57
with larger organizations like the Sinaloa Federation
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μ‹œλ‚˜λ‘œμ•„ 연합체같은
13:00
that place their products in the U.S.
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더 큰 쑰직듀과 동업을 ν•˜μ§€μš”.
13:02
Finally, the Sinaloa Federation.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œλ‚˜λ‘œμ•„ 연합체가 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
13:05
When you read about them, you will often read about them
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그듀에 λŒ€ν•œ 기사λ₯Ό 읽으면
13:07
with an undertone of reverence and admiration,
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μ‘΄κ²½κ³Ό μΉ­μ†‘μ˜ 배경을 가진 μ‹œκ°€λ₯Ό 읽게 λ˜μ‹€κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:11
because they are the most integrated
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그듀은 λ©•μ‹œμ½” 범죄 단체 쀑에
13:13
and the largest of all the Mexican organizations,
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κ°€μž₯ 잘 μ‘°μ§λ˜μ–΄ 있고 κ°€μž₯ 크기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:15
and, many people argue, the world.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ 제일 크닀고 μ£Όμž₯ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜κ΅¬μš”.
13:19
They started as just sort of a transport organization
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이듀은 λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό λ©•μ‹œμ½” κ΅­κ²½μ—μ„œ
13:22
that specialized in smuggling between the U.S.
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λ°€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ „λ¬ΈμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ”
13:24
and the Mexican borders,
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μΌμ’…μ˜ μš΄μ†‘ λ‹¨μ²΄λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
13:26
but now they have grown
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ •λ§λ‘œ
13:27
into a truly integrated multinational
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쒅합적이고 λ‹€κ΅­μ ν™”λ˜μ–΄
13:31
that has partnerships in production in the south
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남뢀에 생산 λ™μ—…μžλ„ 있고
13:33
and partnerships in global distribution
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μ „ 세계에 걸친 μœ ν†΅ λ™μ—…μžλ„
13:36
across the planet.
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λ³΄μœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:38
They have cultivated a brand of professionalism,
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이듀은 전문성을 μΌμ’…μ˜ μ΄λ―Έμ§€λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆκ³ 
13:42
business acumen and innovation.
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사업적 감각과 ν˜μ‹ μ„±μ„ κ°–μΆ”κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:45
They have designed new drug products
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이듀이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ§ˆμ•½ μƒν’ˆκ³Ό 제쑰 과정을
13:47
and new drug processes.
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λ””μžμΈν•΄ μ™”μ£ .
13:49
They have designed narco-tunnels
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ꡭ경을 λ„˜λŠ”
13:51
that go across the border,
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λ§ˆμ•½ 루트λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
13:53
and you can see that these are not
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이것은 μ˜ν™” "쇼생크 νƒˆμΆœ" κ³ΌλŠ”
13:55
"The Shawshank Redemption" types.
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λ‹€λ₯΄λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:58
They have invented narco-submarines and boats
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이듀은 λ§ˆμ•½ μš΄λ°˜μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œ λ ˆμ΄λ”μ— μž‘νžˆμ§€λ„ μ•ŠλŠ”
14:02
that are not detected by radar.
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μž μˆ˜μ •κ³Ό λ°°λ₯Ό 발λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:05
They have invented drones to transport drugs,
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λ§ˆμ•½μ„ μš΄λ°˜ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 무인 비행기와
14:07
catapults, you name it.
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νˆ¬μ„κΈ° λ“±λ“± λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ£ .
14:11
One of the leaders of the Sinaloa Federation
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μ‹œλ‚˜λ‘œμ•„ μ—°ν•©μ˜ 두λͺ© κ°€μš΄λ° ν•œ λͺ…은
14:13
actually made it to the Forbes list.
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ν¬λΈŒμŠ€μ§€μ˜ λͺ…단에도 μ˜¬λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:15
[#701 Joaquin Guzman Loera]
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[701번. ν˜Έμ•„ν€Έ ꡬ즈만 λ‘œμ—λΌ]
14:17
Like any multinational would, they have specialized
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λͺ¨λ“  닀ꡭ적 기업이 κ·Έλ ‡λ“―, 이듀은 사업쀑에
14:20
and focused only in the most profitable part of the business,
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κ°€μž₯ 이윀이 λ§Žμ€ 뢄야에 νŠΉν™”ν•˜κ³  μ§‘μ€‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:23
which is high-margin drugs like cocaine,
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코카인과 같은 κ³ μ†Œλ“ λ§ˆμ•½μ΄μ£ .
14:25
heroine, methamphetamines.
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ν—€λ‘œμΈκ³Ό λ©”νƒ€νŽ¨νƒ€λ―Όλ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•΄μ„œμš”.
14:28
Like any traditional Latin American multinational would,
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λͺ¨λ“  λΌν‹΄μ•„λ©”λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ 전톡적 닀ꡭ적 κΈ°μ—…κ³Ό λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ
14:30
the way they control their operations
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그듀이 μš΄μ˜μ„ ν†΅μ œν•˜λŠ” 방식은
14:32
is through family ties.
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가쑱적 연결을 ν†΅ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:34
When they're entering a new market, they send
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이듀은 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‹œμž₯에 μ§„μΆœν•  λ•Œ
14:36
a family member to supervise it,
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전체λ₯Ό μ΄κ΄„ν•˜λ„λ‘ κ°€μ‘± ꡬ성원을 λ³΄λ‚΄κ±°λ‚˜
14:37
or, if they're partnering with a new organization,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 단체와 동업을 ν•  λ•ŒλŠ”
14:40
they create a family tie,
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가쑱적 연결을 λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:42
either through marriages or other types of ties.
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κ²°ν˜Όμ΄λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ 방법을 μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œμš”.
14:46
Like any other multinational would,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨λ“  닀ꡭ적 기업듀이 ν•˜λ“―μ΄
14:48
they protect their brand by outsourcing
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이듀은 사업 λͺ¨λΈ 쀑에 μ˜μ‹¬μ΄ κ°€λŠ” 뢀뢄은
14:51
the more questionable parts of the business model,
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외뢀에 μœ„νƒν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μžμ‹ μ˜ 이미지λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:54
like for example, when they have to engage
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄, λ‹€λ₯Έ 범죄 단체에 λ§žμ„œ
14:56
in violence against other criminal organizations,
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폭λ ₯에 κ°œμž…ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  λ•Œλ©΄
14:58
they recruit gangs and other smaller players
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이듀은 μžμ‹ λ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄ μ§€μ €λΆ„ν•œ 일을 해쀄
15:02
to do the dirty work for them,
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νŒ¨κ±°λ¦¬λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ μž‘μ€ 단체λ₯Ό μ˜μž…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:04
and they try to separate their operations
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그리고 μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 일과 폭λ ₯을 λΆ„λ¦¬ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
15:05
and their violence and be very discrete about this.
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이 뢀뢄에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 맀우 λ‹¨μ ˆμ μ΄ 되렀고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:09
To further strengthen their brand,
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 이미지λ₯Ό λ”μš± κ°•ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ
15:12
they actually have professional P.R. firms
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전문적인 κ΄‘κ³  νšŒμ‚¬λ„ μ†Œμœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:14
that shape how the press talks about them.
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μ–Έλ‘ μ—μ„œ μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ κΎΈλ―ΈλŠ”κ±°μ£ .
15:17
They have professional videographers on staff.
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직원 μ€‘μ—λŠ” μ „λ¬Έ μ˜μƒ 사진사도 있고
15:20
They have incredibly productive ties
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ꡭ경을 끼고 μžˆλŠ”
15:23
with the security organizations
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μ–‘ κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ˜ λ³΄μ•ˆ 단체와
15:24
on both sides of the border.
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λ†€λΌμšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ 생산적인 관계도 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:28
And so, differences aside,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 점듀은 μ œμ™Έν•˜κ³ 
15:30
what these three organizations share
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이듀 μ„Έ 단체가 κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” 것은
15:34
is on the one hand, a very clear understanding
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μ œλ„λΌλŠ” 것이 μœ„λ‘œλΆ€ν„°
15:38
that institutions cannot be imposed from the top,
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μ£Όμ–΄μ§ˆ μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:41
but rather they are built from the bottom up
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였히렀 μ œλ„λΌλŠ” 것은 λ°”λ‹₯μ—μ„œλΆ€ν„°
15:44
one interaction at a time.
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ν•œ λ²ˆμ— ν•˜λ‚˜μ”©μ˜ μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©μ„ 톡해 μ„Έμ›Œμ§„λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ§€μš”.
15:47
They have created extremely coherent structures
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그듀은 μ •λΆ€ 정책이 일관성을 μžƒκ³  μžˆλŠ” κ³³μ—μ„œ
15:49
that they use to show the inconsistencies
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κ·Ήλ„λ‘œ μΌκ΄€μ„±μžˆλŠ” ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό
15:52
in government policies.
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λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:56
And so what I want you to remember from this talk
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ 이 κ°•μ—°μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은
15:59
are three things.
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세가지λ₯Ό κΈ°μ–΅ν•΄ μ£Όμ…¨μœΌλ©΄ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:00
The first one is that drug violence
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μ²«μ§ΈλŠ” λ§ˆμ•½ κ΄€λ ¨ 폭λ ₯은
16:03
is actually the result
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사싀 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μ‹œμž₯의
16:05
of a huge market demand
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μš”κ΅¬μ˜ 결과이며
16:08
and an institutional setup that forces
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또 μ‹œμž₯이 λ§ˆμ•½ μœ ν†΅λ‘œλ₯Ό 보μž₯λ°›κΈ° μœ„ν•˜μ—¬
16:12
the servicing of this market to necessitate violence
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폭λ ₯을 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜λ„λ‘ λ§Œλ“œλŠ”
16:15
to guarantee delivery routes.
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μ œλ„μ μΈ κ²°κ³Όλ¬Όμ΄λΌλŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:19
The second thing I want you to remember
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두 번째둜 κΈ°μ–΅ν•΄μ£Όμ‹œκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λΌλŠ” 것은
16:21
is that these are sophisticated,
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이 단체듀은 맀우 λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ³ 
16:23
coherent organizations
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일관성을 μ§€λ‹Œ
16:26
that are business organizations,
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사업적 단체이며
16:28
and analyzing them and treating them as such
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그듀을 그에 맞고 λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ³  λŒ€μ‘ν•˜λŠ” 것이
16:30
is probably a much more useful approach.
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 훨씬 더 μœ μš©ν•œ μ ‘κ·Ό 방법이 될 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:33
The third thing I want you to remember
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μ„Έ 번째둜 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ…”μ•Ό ν•  것은
16:35
is that even though we're more comfortable
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μš°λ¦¬μ™€λŠ” κ²©λ¦¬λ˜μ–΄μžˆλŠ” μ•…λ‹ΉμœΌλ‘œμ¨
16:37
with this idea of "them,"
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"κ·Έλ“€"이라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” 것이
16:39
a set of bad guys separated from us,
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더 μ΅μˆ™ν•¨μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
16:42
we are actually accomplices to them,
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사싀 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό κ³΅λ²”μ΄λΌλŠ” 관계에 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:45
either through our direct consumption
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μ™œλƒλ©΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 직접 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ œν’ˆμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
16:47
or through our acceptance of the inconsistency
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λ§ˆμ•½ κΈˆμ§€λ²•μ„ 지지함과 λ™μ‹œμ—
16:52
between our policies of prohibition
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λ§ˆμ•½ μ‚¬μš©μ„ λͺ¨λ₯Έμ²΄ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ”
16:54
and our actual behavior of tolerance
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λͺ¨μˆœμ μΈ ν–‰λ™μ˜ 인정,
16:57
or even encouragement of consumption.
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더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€μ„œλŠ” λ§ˆμ•½ μ†ŒλΉ„λ₯Ό λΆ€μΆ”κΈ°κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:01
These organizations service, recruit from,
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이 단체듀은 우리 μ‚¬νšŒ μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ„ ν•˜κ³ 
17:05
and operate within our communities,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ„ μ±„μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:07
so necessarily, they are much more integrated
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ ν•„μ—°μ μœΌλ‘œ 그듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•„λŠ” 것보닀
17:10
within them than we are comfortable acknowledging.
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더 톡합적인 내뢀적 결속을 κ°–κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:14
And so to me the question is not whether
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제게 의문점으둜 λ‚¨λŠ” 것은
17:17
these dynamics will continue the way they have.
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이런 역동성이 μ§€κΈˆμ²˜λŸΌ κ³„μ†λ λŸ°μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”.
17:20
We see that the nature of this phenomenon
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ 이런 ν˜„μƒμ˜ 속성을 λ³Ό λ•Œ
17:23
guarantees that they will.
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그듀은 지속될 κ±°λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:26
The question is whether we are willing to continue
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제 μ˜λ¬Έμ€ 우리 μžμ‹ μ˜ κ³ μ§‘μŠ€λŸ½κ³ 
17:29
our support of a failed strategy
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λ¬΄μ§€ν•˜λ©° μ˜λ„μ μΈ 무관심에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ
17:33
based on our stubborn, blissful, voluntary ignorance
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이미 μ‹€νŒ¨ν•œ μ „λž΅μ„ κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ 지원할 것인가 ν•˜λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:39
at the cost of the deaths of thousands of our young.
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κ·Έ λŒ€κ°€λ‘œ 수천의 μ Šμ€μ΄λ“€μ„ ν¬μƒμ‹œμΌœκ°€λ©΄μ„œ λ§μ΄μ—μš”.
17:44
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:45
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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