Kent Larson: Brilliant designs to fit more people in every city

198,985 views ใƒป 2012-09-27

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: K Bang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Mark Kim
00:16
I thought I would start with a very brief history of cities.
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๋„์‹œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์งง์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ
๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณผ๊นŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
Settlements typically began with people clustered around a well,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ˜์ด๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ
๋ชจ์—ฌ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
00:25
and the size of that settlement was roughly the distance you could walk
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๋ณดํ†ต ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฌผ๋ณ‘์„ ์ด๊ณ 
00:29
with a pot of water on your head.
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๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ๋˜์ฃ .
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ๋…์ผ์„ ์ƒ๊ณต์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉด
00:31
In fact, if you fly over Germany, for example,
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00:34
and you look down and you see these hundreds of little villages,
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์„๋“ค์ด 1๋งˆ์ผ ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ 
์„œ๋กœ ์˜น๊ธฐ์ข…๊ธฐ ๋ถ™์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
they're all about a mile apart.
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00:39
You needed easy access to the fields.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐญ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์„ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋…„, ์•„๋‹ˆ, ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:42
And for hundreds, even thousands of years,
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00:45
the home was really the center of life.
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์‚ถ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ง‘'์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:48
Life was very small for most people.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์„ ์กฐ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์€ ์ •๋ง ์ž‘๊ณ  ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
00:50
It was a center of entertainment, of energy production, of work,
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์ง‘์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ณ , ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฑ…์ž„์ง€๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
a center of health care.
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๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ž, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
That's where babies were born and people died.
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01:01
Then, with industrialization, everything started to become centralized.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋˜ ์ค‘, ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฅ์ณค๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ด ์ค‘์•™์œผ๋กœ
๋ชจ์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
You had dirty factories that were moved to the outskirts of cities.
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๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณต์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๋„์‹œ ๋ณ€๋‘๋ฆฌ๋กœ
๋ฐ€๋ ค๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
01:10
Production was centralized in assembly plants.
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์กฐ๋ฆฝํ˜• ๊ณต์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:14
You had centralized energy production.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ค‘์•™ ์ง‘๊ถŒํ™” ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
Learning took place in schools.
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๊ต์œก์€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ,
01:20
Health care took place in hospitals.
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์˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ, ์ฆ‰, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:24
And then you had networks that developed.
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01:26
You had water, sewer networks
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์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„์™€ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์„ค์น˜๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
01:28
that allowed for this kind of unchecked expansion.
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๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์†์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:32
You had separated functions, increasingly.
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๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ์ ์  ๋ถ„์—…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:36
You had rail networks
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์ฒ ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„ค๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ง€, ์‚ฐ์—… ๋‹จ์ง€,
01:38
that connected residential, industrial, commercial areas.
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์ƒ์—… ๋‹จ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตํ†ต ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋„ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:41
You had auto networks.
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01:42
In fact, the model was really, give everybody a car,
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด๊ฑด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
01:45
build roads to everything,
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์–ด๋””๋กœ๋“  ํ–ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ์ฃผ์ฐจ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ •๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:47
and give people a place to park when they get there.
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๋”ฑํžˆ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:49
It was not a very functional model.
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01:51
And we still live in that world,
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์†์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
and this is what we end up with.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:56
So you have the sprawl of LA,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ LA์˜ ์Šคํ”„๋กค ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
the sprawl of Mexico City.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ์‹œํ‹ฐ์˜ ์Šคํ”„๋กค ํ˜„์ƒ์ด๊ณ ์š”.
02:00
You have these unbelievable new cities in China,
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(์Šคํ”„๋กค: ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์งˆ์„œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™•๋Œ€๋œ ๊ฒƒ)
02:03
which you might call tower sprawl.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์—๋Š” 'ํƒ€์›Œ ์Šคํ”„๋กค'์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ•œ ์‹ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์ง€์š”.
02:05
They're all building cities
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์ด๋“ค์€ 5~60๋…„๋Œ€์—๋‚˜ ์“ฐ๋˜ ํ•œ๋ฌผ๊ฐ„ ๋„์‹œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„
02:07
on the model that we invented in the '50s and '60s,
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ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์–ด์ง„ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
which is really obsolete, I would argue,
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02:12
and there are hundreds and hundreds of new cities
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋Š”
02:14
that are being planned all over the world.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
In China alone, 300 million people, some say 400 million people,
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์ค‘๊ตญ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๋ฒŒ์จ 3์–ต์—์„œ
ํ˜น์€ 4์–ต๋ช… ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
02:20
will move to the city over the next 15 years.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ 15๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์„
02:23
That means building the equivalent
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02:25
of the entire built infrastructure of the US in 15 years.
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15๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
Imagine that.
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:29
And we should all care about this whether you live in cities or not.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๋“ , ์•„๋‹ˆ๋“ 
์ด๊ฑด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
Cities will account for 90 percent of the population growth,
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ 90%,
02:37
80 percent of the global CO2, 75 percent of energy use,
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์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์˜ 80%, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์˜ 75%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
๋™์‹œ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
but at the same time it's where people want to be,
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02:45
increasingly.
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์ ์  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ฃ .
02:46
More than half the people now in the world live in cities,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
02:49
and that will just continue to escalate.
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๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ์ ์  ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Cities are places of celebration, personal expression.
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๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ๋ฒ…์ ํ•œ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ž, ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
๋ฐฐ๊ฒŒ ์‹ธ์›€ ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‰ฌ๋ชน์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
02:56
You have the flash mobs of pillow fights that --
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์ €๋„ ๋‘์–ด๋ฒˆ ํ•ด๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฝค ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋”๋ผ๊ณ ์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
02:59
I've been to a couple. They're quite fun.
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03:01
You have --
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๋˜.. (์›ƒ์Œ)
03:02
(Laughter)
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03:03
Cities are where most of the wealth is created,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ˆ๊ณผ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ณ ,
03:06
and particularly in the developing world, it's where women find opportunities.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”
์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
That's a lot of the reason why cities are growing very quickly.
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๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:13
Now there's some trends that will impact cities.
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๋„์‹œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:16
First of all, work is becoming distributed and mobile.
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์ฒซ์งธ๋Š”, ์ง์žฅ์ด ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
The office building is basically obsolete for doing private work.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋… ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€
๊ฐœ์ธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†์–ด์ง„ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:23
The home, once again, because of distributed computation --
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"์ง‘"์€, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋œ ํ†ต์‹ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
03:27
Communication is becoming a center of life,
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์‚ถ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:29
so it's a center of production and learning and shopping and health care
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ์ผ, ๊ต์œก, ์‡ผํ•‘, ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ณผ
์ง‘๋ฐ–์˜ ์ผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋“ค์ด
03:33
and all of these things that we used to think of
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์ง‘์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
as taking place outside of the home.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ ์ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š”
03:39
And increasingly, everything that people buy,
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03:42
every consumer product,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋น„ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์—์„œ
03:43
in one way or another, can be personalized.
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๊ฐœ์ธ ๋งž์ถคํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
And that's a very important trend to think about.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
So this is my image of the city of the future.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:52
(Laughter)
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03:54
In that it's a place for people, you know.
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์ฆ‰, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด์ฃ .
03:56
Maybe not the way people dress, but --
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์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž…์€ ์˜ท์€ ์ข€ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ.
03:59
You know, the question now is,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”,
04:01
how can we have all the good things that we identify with cities
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'์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋‚˜์œ ์ ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค ๊ฑธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ณ ,
04:04
without all the bad things?
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์ข‹์€ ์ ๋“ค๋งŒ ๊ฐ–์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ'๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:06
This is Bangalore.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋…„์— ์ธ๋„์˜ ๋ฐฉ๊ฐˆ๋กœ๋ฅด์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
04:07
It took me a couple of hours to get a few miles in Bangalore last year.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ช‡ ๋งˆ์ผ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‘์–ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
So with cities, you also have congestion and pollution
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์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ, ์˜ค์—ผ, ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋“ฑ
04:14
and disease and all these negative things.
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ํˆฌ์„ฑ์ด์ฃ .
04:17
How can we have the good stuff without the bad?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ฑธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žฅ์ ๋งŒ ์ถ”๋ ค๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ์ „์˜
04:19
So we went back and started looking at the great cities
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04:21
that evolved before the cars.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
04:23
Paris was a series of these little villages that came together,
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ค„์ง€์–ด ๋Š˜์–ด์„  ์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์„๋“ค์ด ํ•ฉ์ณ์ ธ์„œ
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:28
and you still see that structure today.
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ 20๊ฐœ์˜ '๊ตฌ'๋Š”
04:30
The 20 arrondissements of Paris are these little neighborhoods.
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์ž‘์€ ๋™๋„ค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
์ƒํ™œ ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์€
04:33
Most of what people need in life can be within a five- or 10-minute walk.
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5~10๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ๊ฑธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:37
And if you look at the data, when you have that kind of a structure,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค์ด ๊ท ๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
04:41
you get a very even distribution
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04:42
of the shops and the physicians and the pharmacies
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์ , ์˜๋ฃŒ์‹œ์„ค, ์•ฝ๊ตญ, ์นดํŽ˜ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์‹œ์„ค์ด
04:46
and the cafes in Paris.
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๊ณจ๊ณ ๋ฃจ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
And then you look at cities that evolved after the automobile,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์—, ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ฐœ๋ช… ์ดํ›„์— ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚œ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€
ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€๋Š” ํ™•์—ฐํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
and it's not that kind of a pattern.
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04:52
There's very little that's within a five-minute walk
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5๋ถ„ ๊ฑธ์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์›ฌ๋งŒํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
ํ”ผ์ธ ๋ฒ„๊ทธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:56
of most areas of places like Pittsburgh.
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04:58
Not to pick on Pittsburgh,
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ํ”ผ์ธ ๋ฒ„๊ทธ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€
04:59
but most American cities really have evolved this way.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํƒ„์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
So we said, well, let's look at new cities,
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05:06
and we're involved in a couple of new city projects in China.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์‹ ๋„์‹œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
05:10
So we said, let's start with that neighborhood cell.
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์ž ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋งˆ์„ ๋‹จ์œ„์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
์กฐ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ๋งˆ์„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:13
We think of it as a compact urban cell.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 20๋ถ„ ๊ฑธ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด์—
05:15
So provide most of what most people want within that 20-minute walk.
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์›ฌ๋งŒํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค ๊ฐ–์ถฐ์ฃผ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
This can also be a resilient electrical microgrid,
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์ž๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ ฅ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์‚ฌ,
05:22
community heating, power, communication networks, etc.
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์ „๋ ฅ ๊ณต์‚ฌ, ํ†ต์‹  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์„
05:25
can be concentrated there.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐ€์ง‘์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
Stewart Brand would put a micronuclear reactor
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ŠคํŠœ์–ดํŠธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ค‘์•™์—
05:30
right in the center, probably.
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๊ทน์†Œํ˜• ์›์ž๋กœ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ . (์›ƒ์Œ)
05:32
And he might be right.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ง์ด ๋งž์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:33
And then we can form, in effect, a mesh network.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ง ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:37
It's something of an Internet typology pattern,
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŒจํ„ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
05:41
so you can have a series of these neighborhoods.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:43
You can dial up the density --
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ํ•œ ๋งˆ์„ ๋‹จ์œ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•ฝ 20,000๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
about 20,000 people per cell, if it's Cambridge.
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์บ์ž„๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 50,000๋ช… ์ •๋„๊ณ ์š”.
05:47
Go up to 50,000 if it's Manhattan density.
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๋งจํ•˜ํŠผ ๋งŒํผ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ
05:50
You connect everything with mass transit
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์›ฌ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
05:52
and you provide most of what most people need within that neighborhood.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
You can begin to develop a whole typology of streetscapes
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๋„๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:59
and the vehicles that can go on them.
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๊ทธ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:02
I won't go through all of them. I'll just show one.
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ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋กœ,
06:05
This is Boulder. It's a great example of kind of a mobility parkway,
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๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณผ๋” ์‹œ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
๊ณต์› ๊ธธ์ด๋‚˜, ์กฐ๊น…์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
06:09
a superhighway for joggers and bicyclists,
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๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ € ๋์—์„œ ๋๊นŒ์ง€, ๋„๋กœ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ญ‰ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต์› ๋„๋กœ์ฃ .
06:12
where you can go from one end of the city to the other
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06:14
without crossing the street,
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๋˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„  ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ œ๋„๋„ ์ฐจ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:16
and they also have bike-sharing, which I'll get into in a minute.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์„œ์šธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜์ฃ .
06:20
This is even a more interesting solution
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06:22
in Seoul, Korea.
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06:23
They took the elevated highway, they got rid of it,
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๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
๋ณธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋šซ์€๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:26
they reclaimed the street, the river down below,
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06:29
below the street,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ‘์—๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ณ ์š”.
06:31
and you can go from one end of Seoul to the other
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์ฐจ๋„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์„œ์šธ์„ ํšก๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:33
without crossing a pathway for cars.
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๋งจํ•ดํŠผ์˜ "ํ•˜์ด๋ผ์ธ"๋„ ์ด์™€ ์•„์ฃผ ํก์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.
06:37
The High Line in Manhattan is very similar.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ™•์‚ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋งจํ•ดํŠผ๋„ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
06:41
You have these rapidly emerging bike lanes all over the world.
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06:45
I lived in Manhattan for 15 years.
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์˜ˆ์ „์— ๋งจํ•ดํŠผ์—์„œ 15๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์‚ด์•˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:47
I went back a couple of weekends ago,
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2์ฃผ ์ „, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ด๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
06:49
took this photograph of these fabulous new bike lanes that they have installed.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ง€์–ด์ง„ ์ด ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ดฌ์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
They're still not to where Copenhagen is,
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์•„์ง ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:58
where something like 42 percent of the trips within the city
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์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋‚ด ์ด๋™์ˆ˜๋‹จ ์ค‘ 42%๊ฐ€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
are by bicycle.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฑด ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ์˜ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์ด
07:02
It's mostly just because they have fantastic infrastructure there.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๊ณ ์š”.
07:06
We actually did exactly the wrong thing in Boston.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด์€ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์š”.
07:09
The Big Dig --
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"๋น… ๋”•(Big Dig: ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด์˜ ๋„์‹œ ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ)"์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ (์›ƒ์Œ)
07:11
(Laughter)
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07:14
So we got rid of the highway but we created a traffic island,
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๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตํ†ต ์„ฌ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ง๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณดํ–‰์ž๋“ค์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€
07:18
and it's certainly not a mobility pathway for anything other than cars.
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์„ค๊ณ„์ฃ .
07:22
Mobility on demand is something we've been thinking about,
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๋ณดํ–‰์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด๋™์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ด์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
07:25
so we think we need an ecosystem of these shared-use vehicles
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๊ณต์šฉ ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
connected to mass transit.
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07:30
These are some of the vehicles that we've been working on.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ค‘์ธ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ฃ .
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ณต์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ด ์š”์ ์ด์˜ˆ์š”. ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋˜๋ฉด,
07:34
But shared use is really key.
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07:35
If you share a vehicle, you can have at least four people use one vehicle,
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ํ•œ ๋Œ€์— ์ ์–ด๋„ 4๋ช…์€ ํƒˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
as opposed to one.
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1๋ช…์ด 1๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ์Šน์šฉ์ฐจ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ์š”.
07:41
We have Hubway here in Boston, the Vรฉlib' system in Paris.
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๋ณด์Šคํ„ด์˜ ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ์›จ์ด, ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฒจ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ์˜
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋žฉ(Media Lab)"์—์„œ ์ž‘์€ ๋„์‹œํ˜• ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
We've been developing, at the Media Lab, this little city car
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์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๊ณต์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:52
that is optimized for shared use in cities.
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07:55
We got rid of all the useless things like engines and transmissions.
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์—”์ง„์ด๋‚˜ ๋ณ€์†์žฅ์น˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•„์š”์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ „๋ถ€ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ 
๋ฐ”ํ€ด์— ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
We moved everything to the wheels,
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08:00
so you have the drive motor,
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์ฃผํ–‰์šฉ ๋ชจํ„ฐ, ์กฐ์ข…์šฉ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:02
the steering motor, the breaking -- all in the wheel.
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๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:04
That left the chassis unencumbered, so you can do things like fold,
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์ƒค์‹œ (์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋Œ€)๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ ‘๋Š”๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ์ ‘์œผ๋ฉด
08:08
so you can fold this little vehicle up to occupy a tiny little footprint.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:13
This was a video that was on European television last week
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ์œ ๋Ÿฝ TV์— ๋ฐฉ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์˜์ƒ์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
08:17
showing the Spanish Minister of Industry driving this little vehicle,
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์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ด€์ด ์ด ์ž‘์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ . ์ ‘์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํšŒ์ „๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:22
and when it's folded, it can spin.
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08:24
You don't need reverse. You don't need parallel parking.
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ํ›„์ง„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ํ‰ํ–‰ ์ฃผ์ฐจ๋„ ํ•„์š”์—†์–ด์š”.
08:27
You just spin and go directly in.
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๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ” ๊ทธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ญ‰ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:29
(Laughter)
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์ด๊ฑธ ์ƒ์šฉํ™”ํ•  ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
So we've been working with a company to commercialize this.
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์ €์˜ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • ํ•™์ƒ์ธ ๋ผ์ด์–ธ ์นœ(Ryan Chin)๊ตฐ์ด
08:33
My PhD student Ryan Chin presented these early ideas
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์•ฝ 2๋…„์ „ TEDx ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์—์„œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋ฒ„์ ผ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
two years ago at a TEDx conference.
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08:39
So what's interesting is,
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—,
08:42
then if you begin to add new things to it, like autonomy,
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์ž์œจ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ฐจ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€,
08:45
you get out of the car, you park at your destination,
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๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์— ์ฃผ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋‹ค๋“ฌ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
08:47
you pat it on the butt, it goes and it parks itself, it charges itself,
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๊ทธ ๋…€์„์€ ํ˜ผ์ž ๊ฐ€์„œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ฃผ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถฉ์ „์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:51
and you can get something like seven times as many vehicles
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณด๋‹ค
7๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
in a given area as conventional cars,
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08:59
and we think this is the future.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ด๋ค„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
Actually, we could do this today. It's not really a problem.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
๊ณต์šฉ, ์ ‘ํž˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์œจ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ•œ๋ฐ ๋ฌถ์–ด์„œ
09:05
We can combine shared use and folding and autonomy
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09:08
and we get something like 28 times the land utilization
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ํ† ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฅ ์„ ์•ฝ 28๋ฐฐ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
with that kind of strategy.
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์•ž์„œ ๋ณด์‹  ์ „๋žต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
09:13
One of our graduate students then says,
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์ €์˜ ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ,
09:15
well, how does a driverless car communicate with pedestrians?
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์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณดํ–‰์ž์™€ ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
09:19
You have nobody to make eye contact with.
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๋ˆˆ์„ ๋งž์ถœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
09:21
You don't know if it's going to run you over.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ–‰์ž์™€
09:24
So he's developing strategies
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09:25
so the vehicle can communicate with pedestrians, so --
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์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
09:28
(Laughter)
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09:29
So the headlights are eyeballs, the pupils can dilate,
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์ „์กฐ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ˆˆ์ธ๋ฐ์š”, ๋™๊ณต์ด ์ปค์งˆ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
we have directional audio, we can throw sound directly at people.
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๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
What I love about this project
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
09:38
is he solved a problem that doesn't exist yet, so --
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ (์›ƒ์Œ)
09:41
(Laughter)
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
09:44
We also think that we can democratize access to bike lanes.
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:48
You know, bike lanes are mostly used by young guys in stretchy pants. So --
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์•„์‹œ์ž–์•„์š”, ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ซ™ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋ถ™๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž…๋Š”
์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ํ—ˆ๋ฝ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ, ์•„์‹œ์ฃ .(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:52
(Laughter)
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09:54
We think we can develop a vehicle that operates on bike lanes,
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
09:57
accessible to elderly and disabled, women in skirts, businesspeople,
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๋…ธ์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
์น˜๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ž…์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ๋น„์ง€๋‹ˆ์Šค๋งจ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:02
and address the issues of energy congestion, mobility,
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๋™์‹œ์— ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ, ์ด๋™์„ฑ, ๋…ธํ™”์™€ ๋น„๋งŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋„
10:05
aging and obesity simultaneously.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์ „์ด์ฃ .
10:07
That's our challenge.
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10:09
This is an early design for this little three-wheel.
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์ด๊ฑด 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋กœ ์ด๋ค„์ง„ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
It's an electronic bike.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ
10:13
You have to pedal to operate it in a bike lane,
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“œ์‹ ๋ถ„์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
10:17
but if you're an older person, that's a switch.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ฃ . ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
10:19
If you're a healthy person, you might have to work really hard to go fast.
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๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ •๋ง ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํŽ˜๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐŸ์•„ํ– ํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
You can dial in 40 calories going into work
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์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด 40์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ ,
10:25
and 500 going home, when you can take a shower.
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์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ƒค์›Œ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด 500์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ€์„์ฏค ์ด๊ฒŒ ์™„์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
We hope to have that built this fall.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์—ญ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Housing is another area where we can really improve.
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์ ‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ฃผํƒ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
10:36
Mayor Menino in Boston says
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10:38
lack of affordable housing for young people
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์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง€๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ 
10:41
is one of the biggest problems the city faces.
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๋ฉ”๋‹ˆ๋…ธ(Menino) ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์—…์ž๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ , "์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ "
10:44
Developers say, OK, we'll build little teeny apartments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ
10:47
People say, we don't really want to live in a little teeny conventional apartment.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ž๋™์ฐจ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ
10:51
So we're saying, let's build a standardized chassis,
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10:55
much like our car.
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์…ฐ์‹œ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”.
10:56
Let's bring advanced technology into the apartment,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๊ฐœ์ž…๋œ ๊ณตํ„ฐ ํ™œ์šฉ์— ์ ์šฉํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:01
technology-enabled infill,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฝ๋ฐฉ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€(chassis)๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:04
give people the tools within this open-loft chassis
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋“ค, ํ™œ๋™๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€
11:09
to go through a process of defining
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11:11
what their needs and values and activities are,
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์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ๋‹ค์Œ,
11:14
and then a matching algorithm will match a unique assembly
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์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ง“๋Š” ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
11:17
of integrated infill components,
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๋ผˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šธ ๊ฐ์ข… ์š”์†Œ, ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ, ์ˆ˜๋‚ฉ์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
furniture, and cabinetry, that are personalized to that individual,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ถค๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์€
11:24
and they give them the tools
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
to go through the process and to refine it,
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11:28
and it's something like working with an architect,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€์™€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ,
11:30
where the dialogue starts
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
11:32
when you give an alternative to a person to react to.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์ฃ .
์ž, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ๋˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
11:38
Now, the most interesting implementation of that for us
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11:42
is when you can begin to have robotic walls,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋กœ๋ด‡์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ๋ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
so your space can convert from exercise to a workplace,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์šด๋™ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:48
if you run a virtual company.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
์†๋‹˜๋“ค์„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์†๋‹˜๋ฐฉ 2๊ฐœ๋ฅผ
11:50
You have guests over,
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11:51
you have two guest rooms that are developed.
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๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
You have a conventional one-bedroom arrangement
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ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„  ๋ฐฉ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
11:59
when you need it.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ ์š”.
12:00
Maybe that's most of the time.
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๋งŒ์ฐฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. 16๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„
12:02
You have a dinner party.
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12:03
The table folds out to fit 16 people in otherwise a conventional one-bedroom,
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์ˆ˜์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ๋ฐฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ„์Šค ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ
12:07
or maybe you want a dance studio.
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ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
12:08
I mean, architects have been thinking about these ideas for a long time.
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๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜ค๋žœ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ
๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€
12:12
What we need to do now,
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30์–ต์ •๋„ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด
12:14
develop things that can scale to those 300 million Chinese people
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์•„์ฃผ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ• 
12:20
that would like to live in the city, and very comfortably.
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๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
We think we can make a very small apartment
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‘์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
12:26
that functions as if it's twice as big by utilizing these strategies.
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์›๋ž˜ ๋ฉด์ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋Š” ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๊ฒŒ
๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํ™ˆ์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
12:31
I don't believe in smart homes. That's sort of a bogus concept.
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํ™ˆ์€ ํ—ˆ๊ตฌ์ ์ด์ฃ . (์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํ™ˆ: ์ž๋™ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฃผํƒ)
12:35
I think you have to build dumb homes and put smart stuff in it.
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๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ง“๊ณ  ๋‚œ ํ›„์— (์Šค๋งˆํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ง์žฅ๋‚œ)
๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์•ผ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ํ™ˆ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
12:38
(Laughter)
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฒฝ์˜ ํ‹€ ์ž์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
And so we've been working on a chassis of the wall itself.
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12:46
You know, standardized platform
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์ž‘๋™๋  ๋•Œ, ์ž‘์€ ์†”๋ ˆ๋…ธ์ด๋“œ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์žฅ์ฐฉ๋œ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋ฅผ
12:48
with the motors and the battery when it operates,
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์ œ ์œ„์น˜์— ๊ณ ์ •์‹œ์ผœ๋†“๊ณ  ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ „์••์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
12:50
little solenoids that will lock it in place and get low-voltage power.
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ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑธ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
We think this can all be standardized,
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ ,
12:57
and then people can personalize the stuff that goes into that wall,
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๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฒฝ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งž์ถคํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
and like the car, we can integrate all kinds of sensing
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
13:03
to be aware of human activity,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ง„๋กœ์—
13:06
so if there's a baby or a puppy in the way,
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์•„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.(์›ƒ์Œ)
13:09
you won't have a problem.
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13:10
(Laughter)
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13:11
So the developers say, well, this is great.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
13:14
OK, so if we have a conventional building, we have a fixed envelope,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ
๊ฐ๊ฐ์— 14๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์ €์žฅ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:18
maybe we can put in 14 units.
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13:20
If they function as if they're twice as big,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:22
we can get 28 units in.
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28๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์ €์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
That means twice as much parking, though.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋„“์–ด์ง„ ์ฃผ์ฐจ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:26
Parking's really expensive.
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์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋น„์Œ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๊ธฐ์กด์˜
13:27
It's about 70,000 dollars per space
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์ฃผ์ฐจ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ž๋ฆฌ๋‹น 70.000 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€
13:30
to build a conventional parking spot inside a building.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ ‘ํž˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์ „์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋”ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:34
So if you can have folding and autonomy,
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13:37
you can do that in one-seventh of the space.
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ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ 1 / 7๋กœ ์ค„๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
That goes down to 10,000 dollars per car,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ณง ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์ฐจ ๋น„์šฉ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ
13:42
just for the cost of the parking.
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10,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋Š” ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ ˆ์•ฝ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ฃ .
13:44
You add shared use, and you can even go further.
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์ด ๊ณณ์— ๊ณต์œ  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
We can also integrate all kinds of advanced technology
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜จ๊ฐ– ๊ณ ์ฐจ์›์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์˜
13:51
through this process.
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ํ†ตํ•ฉ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ๋„
13:52
There's a path to market for innovative companies
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์“ฐ์ผ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ์—ด๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
to bring technology into the home.
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13:57
In this case, a project we're doing with Siemens.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฉ˜์Šค(Siemens)์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์—
13:59
We have sensors on all the furniture, all the infill,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
14:02
that understands where people are and what they're doing.
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์ธ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ ๋น›์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์ฃ . ์ €ํฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์กฐ์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ
14:05
Blue light is very efficient,
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14:06
so we have these tunable 24-bit LED lighting fixtures.
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24-๋น„ํŠธ LED ์กฐ๋ช… ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
14:11
It recognizes where the person is, what they're doing,
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๊ฐ์ง€ํ•œ ํ›„ ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜จ์ „ํ•œ ํฐ์ƒ‰ ๋น›์„ ๋‚ด์–ด
14:15
fills out the light when necessary to full spectrum white light,
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์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„์˜ 30, 40%๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
and saves maybe 30, 40 percent in energy consumption, we think,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ์‹ ์˜ ์กฐ๋ช… ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ํ›จ์”ฌ
14:25
over even conventional state-of-the-art lighting systems.
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ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ ˆ์•ฝ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ฃ .
14:31
This just shows you the data that comes from the sensors
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๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์— ๋‚ด์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ผ์„œ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ „์†ก๋œ
14:34
that are embedded in the furniture.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
We don't really believe in cameras to do things in homes.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ • ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๋ณด์ง„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
We think these little wireless sensors are more effective.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌด์„  ์„ผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
14:43
We think we can also personalize sunlight.
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ํ–‡๋น›์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธํ™”๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
That's sort of the ultimate personalization in some ways.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์„ค์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋กœ๋“  ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋น„์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”
14:48
So we've looked at articulating mirrors of the facade
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14:51
that can throw shafts of sunlight anywhere into the space,
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๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ์™ธ๊ด€์— ๋‘๊ณ  ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
therefore allowing you to shade most of the glass
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์˜ค๋Š˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋”์šด ๋‚ ์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์œ ๋ฆฌ์ฐฝ์„ ๊ทธ๋Š˜์ง€๊ฒŒ
14:57
on a hot day like today.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
In this case, she picks up her phone,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ํ–‡๋น›์˜
15:01
she can map food preparation at the kitchen island
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๋…ธ์ถœ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ถ€์—Œ์—์„œ ์Œ์‹์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
to a particular location of sunlight.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ง€์†ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด
15:08
An algorithm will keep it in that location as long as she's engaged in that activity.
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ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋„๋ก ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
This can be combined with LED lighting as well.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ LED ์กฐ๋ช…๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๊ณต์œ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:18
We think workplaces should be shared.
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15:20
I mean, this is really the workplace of the future, I think.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž‘์—… ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค, ์ด๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:22
This is Starbucks, you know.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด๊ณณ์€ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
15:24
Maybe a third --
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 1 / 3, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒฝ์—
15:25
And you see everybody has their back to the wall
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๋“ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ณ  ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฉฐ
15:27
and they have food and coffee down the way
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋น ์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
and they're in their own little personal bubble.
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15:32
We need shared spaces for interaction and collaboration.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œํ†ต๊ณผ ํ˜‘์—…์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ณต์œ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
We're not doing a very good job with that.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹คํ–‰์ด ์ž˜ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”,
15:37
At the Cambridge Innovation Center, you can have shared desks.
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์บ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ํ˜์‹  ์„ผํ„ฐ(Cambridge Innovation Center)์—์„  ๊ณต์œ  ์ฑ…์ƒ์„
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ์˜ ์•Œํ†  ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ
15:41
I've spent a lot of time in Finland at the design factory of Aalto University,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—”
15:46
where the they have a shared shop and shared fab lab, shared quiet spaces,
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๊ณต์œ ๋œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ, ๊ณต์œ ๋œ ์ œ์กฐ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„,
15:50
electronics spaces, recreation places.
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์ „์ž ๊ณต๊ฐ„,
ํœด์‹ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋„ ๊ณต์œ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
We think ultimately, all of this stuff can come together,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ
15:58
a new model for mobility, a new model for housing,
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์ด๋™์„ฑ, ์ฃผํƒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ,
16:02
a new model for how we live and work,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
16:04
a path to market for advanced technologies.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๋˜์–ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
But in the end, the main thing we need to focus on are people.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘˜ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์€
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์ฃ . ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—์š”.
16:10
Cities are all about people.
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16:11
They're places for people.
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๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉœ๋ฒ„๋ฅธ์˜ ๊ณจ๋ชฉ๊ธธ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ,
16:14
There's no reason why we can't dramatically improve
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16:16
the livability and creativity of cities
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ์™€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‚ญ๋น„์˜
16:18
like they've done in Melbourne with the laneways
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๊ธ‰๊ฐ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ™œ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
16:22
while at the same time dramatically reducing CO2 and energy.
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๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ์–ด ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชป ํ•  ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
It's a global imperative. We have to get this right.
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๊ตญ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธด์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด์ฃ . ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก์„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:30
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:31
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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