How the blockchain is changing money and business | Don Tapscott

5,014,056 views ・ 2016-09-16

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jeongmin Kim κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
The technology likely to have the greatest impact
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ν–₯ν›„ λͺ‡μ‹­ 년에 κ°€μž₯ 큰 영ν–₯을 끼칠 기술이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
on the next few decades
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00:18
has arrived.
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00:19
And it's not social media.
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μ†Œμ…œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄λŠ” μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
It's not big data.
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λΉ…λ°μ΄ν„°λ‚˜
00:23
It's not robotics.
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λ‘œλ΄‡κ³΅ν•™
00:25
It's not even AI.
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심지어 인곡지λŠ₯도 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
You'll be surprised to learn
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λ†€λžκ²Œλ„ 그것은
00:29
that it's the underlying technology of digital currencies like Bitcoin.
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ 같은 μ „μž ν†΅ν™”μ˜ κΈ°μ΄ˆκ°€ 된 κΈ°μˆ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
It's called the blockchain. Blockchain.
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'블둝체인' 이라고 ν•˜μ£ . λΈ”λ‘μ²΄μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
Now, it's not the most sonorous word in the world,
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μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ²©μ‘°μžˆλŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬λŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ
00:42
but I believe that this is now
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μ €λŠ” 이것이 μΈν„°λ„·μ˜ μ°¨μ„ΈλŒ€ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄κ³ 
00:44
the next generation of the internet,
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00:47
and that it holds vast promise for every business, every society
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κΈ°μ—…κ³Ό μ‚¬νšŒ, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ 큰 κ°€λŠ₯성을 보μž₯ν•œλ‹€κ³  λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
and for all of you, individually.
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00:54
You know, for the past few decades, we've had the internet of information.
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μ§€λ‚œ λͺ‡μ‹­ λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 인터넷은 μ •λ³΄λ§μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:59
And when I send you an email or a PowerPoint file or something,
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 이메일, PPT νŒŒμΌμ΄λ‚˜ μ–΄λ–€ 것을 보낼 λ•Œ
01:03
I'm actually not sending you the original,
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사싀 원본을 λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:05
I'm sending you a copy.
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볡사본을 λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
And that's great.
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쒋은 점이죠.
01:08
This is democratized information.
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λ―Όμ£Όν™”λœ 정보죠.
01:12
But when it comes to assets --
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μžμ‚°μ„ 보낼 λ•ŒλŠ”
01:15
things like money,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ λˆμ΄λ‚˜
01:17
financial assets like stocks and bonds,
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주식과 μ±„κΆŒ 같은 κΈˆμœ΅μžμ‚°
01:20
loyalty points, intellectual property,
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적립 포인트, 지적 μž¬μ‚°
01:23
music, art, a vote,
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μŒμ•…, 예술, νˆ¬ν‘œ
01:26
carbon credit and other assets --
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νƒ„μ†Œ 배좜ꢌ 같은 μžμ‚°μ€
01:29
sending you a copy is a really bad idea.
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볡사본을 λ³΄λ‚Έλ‹€λŠ” 건 λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ 잘λͺ»λœ 생각이죠.
01:32
If I send you 100 dollars,
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 100λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό 보낸닀면
01:34
it's really important that I don't still have the money --
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보낸 돈이 제게 μ—†μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ 
01:37
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:38
and that I can't send it to you.
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κ·Έκ±Έ 보낼 μˆ˜λ„ μ—†μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
01:40
This has been called the "double-spend" problem
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μ•”ν˜Έν•™μžλ“€μ€ '이쀑 μ§€λΆˆ' 문제라고 μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ λΆˆλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
by cryptographers for a long time.
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01:45
So today, we rely entirely on big intermediaries --
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ±°λŒ€ μ€‘κ°œμžμ—κ²Œ μ™„μ „νžˆ μ˜μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
middlemen like banks, government,
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은행과 μ •λΆ€, μ†Œμ…œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄ νšŒμ‚¬
01:53
big social media companies, credit card companies and so on --
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μ‹ μš©μΉ΄λ“œμ‚¬ λ“±μ˜ μ€‘κ°œμΈμ΄
01:56
to establish trust in our economy.
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경제 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ μ‹ λ’°λ₯Ό λ³΄μ¦ν•˜μ£ .
01:59
And these intermediaries perform all the business and transaction logic
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그리고 이 μ€‘κ°œμΈλ“€μ΄ λͺ¨λ“  μƒκ±°λž˜μ˜
02:04
of every kind of commerce,
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사업과 거래 방식을 μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:06
from authentication, identification of people,
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μ§„μœ„ νŒλ³„κ³Ό 개인 μ‹ λΆ„ν™•μΈμ—μ„œ
02:09
through to clearing, settling and record keeping.
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μ²­μ‚°, 결제, κΈ°λ‘λ³΄κ΄€κΉŒμ§€μš”.
02:13
And overall, they do a pretty good job.
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그듀은 μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ 잘 ν•΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
But there are growing problems.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 컀지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
To begin, they're centralized.
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μ²«μ§ΈλŠ” κ΄€λ¦¬μ˜ μ§‘μ€‘ν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
That means they can be hacked, and increasingly are --
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 해킹에 λ…ΈμΆœλ  수 있고 점점 더 κ·Έλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
JP Morgan, the US Federal Government,
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JP λͺ¨κ±΄, λ―Έκ΅­ μ—°λ°©μ •λΆ€
λ§ν¬λ“œμΈ, ν™ˆ 디포와 λ§Žμ€ 기관이 문제λ₯Ό 거치며 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μ£ .
02:25
LinkedIn, Home Depot and others
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02:26
found that out the hard way.
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02:28
They exclude billions of people from the global economy,
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또 그듀은 μˆ˜μ‹­μ–΅μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 세계 κ²½μ œμ—μ„œ μ œμ™Έμ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
for example, people who don't have enough money
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ 은행 κ³„μ’Œλ₯Ό μ—΄λ§Œν•œ 돈이 μ—†λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ 말이죠.
02:34
to have a bank account.
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02:36
They slow things down.
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그리고 일을 μ§€μ—°μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
It can take a second for an email to go around the world,
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이메일이 세계 κ°μ§€λ‘œ μ „νŒŒλ˜λ €λ©΄ 1초면 μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:42
but it can take days or weeks
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μ†‘κΈˆ 체계λ₯Ό 톡해 λˆμ„ 보내렀면
02:44
for money to move through the banking system across a city.
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λ„μ‹œ 간에 λ©°μΉ μ΄λ‚˜ λͺ‡ μ£Όκ°€ 걸릴 수 있죠.
02:48
And they take a big piece of the action --
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또 그듀은 λ§Žμ€ 수수료λ₯Ό λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
10 to 20 percent just to send money to another country.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌλ‘œ μ†‘κΈˆν•˜λŠ” 데만 10~20%μ£ .
02:54
They capture our data,
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그듀은 우리 데이터λ₯Ό μ μœ ν•˜λŠ”λ°
02:55
and that means we can't monetize it
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즉, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„κΈˆν™”ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
02:57
or use it to better manage our lives.
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삢을 κ°œμ„ ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ“Έ 수 μ—†μœΌλ©°
03:00
Our privacy is being undermined.
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μ‚¬μƒν™œλ„ μΉ¨ν•΄λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
And the biggest problem is that overall,
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μ „μ²΄μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
03:06
they've appropriated the largesse of the digital age asymmetrically:
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그듀이 디지털 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ ν’μš”λ₯Ό λΆˆκ· ν˜•ν•˜κ²Œ μ΄μš©ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
we have wealth creation, but we have growing social inequality.
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λΆ€κ°€ 창좜됨과 λ™μ‹œμ— μ‚¬νšŒμ  λΆˆν‰λ“±μ΄ 컀지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
So what if there were not only an internet of information,
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μ •λ³΄μ˜ 인터넷이 μ•„λ‹Œ
03:21
what if there were an internet of value --
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κ°€μΉ˜μ˜ 인터넷이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
03:24
some kind of vast, global, distributed ledger
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전세계적이고 λΆ„μ‚°λœ νšŒκ³„ μž₯λΆ€κ°€
03:28
running on millions of computers
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수백만 λŒ€μ˜ μ»΄ν“¨ν„°μ—μ„œ μš΄μ˜λ˜λ©΄μ„œ
03:30
and available to everybody.
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λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ κ°œλ°©λ˜μ–΄
03:32
And where every kind of asset, from money to music,
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ν˜„κΈˆμ—μ„œ μŒμ•…κΉŒμ§€ λͺ¨λ“  μžμ‚°μ„
03:36
could be stored, moved, transacted, exchanged and managed,
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μ €μž₯, 이동, 거래, κ΅ν™˜ν•˜κ³  κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 게
03:42
all without powerful intermediaries?
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κΆŒμœ„ μžˆλŠ” μ€‘κ°œμΈ 없이 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§„λ‹€λ©΄μš”.
03:45
What if there were a native medium for value?
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κ°€μΉ˜μ˜ κ³ μœ ν•œ λ§€κ°œμ²΄κ°€ μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
03:50
Well, in 2008, the financial industry crashed
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2008년에 금육ꢌ이 λΆ•κ΄΄ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
03:54
and, perhaps propitiously,
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μ•„λ§ˆ 쒋은 μ˜λ„λ‘œ
03:57
an anonymous person or persons named Satoshi Nakamoto
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μ‚¬ν† μ‹œ λ‚˜μΉ΄λͺ¨ν† λΌλŠ” 읡λͺ…μ˜ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 논문을 μΌλŠ”λ°
04:03
created a paper where he developed a protocol for a digital cash
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μ „μž 화폐 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ„ κ°œλ°œν•œ λ‚΄μš©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
that used an underlying cryptocurrency called Bitcoin.
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ΄λΌλŠ” μ•”ν˜Έν™”λœ 톡화에 μ“°μ΄λŠ” 것이죠.
04:14
And this cryptocurrency enabled people to establish trust and do transactions
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이 μ•”ν˜Έν™”λœ ν™”νλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 제3자 없이 μ‹ λ’°λ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•˜κ³ 
04:20
without a third party.
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거래λ₯Ό ν•  수 있게 ν–ˆμ£ .
04:21
And this seemingly simple act set off a spark
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이 간단해 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ ˆμ°¨λŠ”
세계에 폭발적인 관심을 λΆˆλ €κ³ 
04:25
that ignited the world,
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04:27
that has everyone excited or terrified or otherwise interested
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λͺ¨λ‘ κΈ°λŒ€ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ‘λ €μ›Œν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 관심을 λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:33
in many places.
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04:34
Now, don't be confused about Bitcoin --
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ— λŒ€ν•΄ ν™•μ‹€νžˆ ν•˜μžλ©΄
04:36
Bitcoin is an asset; it goes up and down,
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이것은 κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ λ³€λ™ν•˜λŠ” μžμ‚°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
and that should be of interest to you if you're a speculator.
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투자자라면 관심을 κ°€μ§ˆ 수 있겠죠.
04:43
More broadly, it's a cryptocurrency.
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더 λ„“κ²ŒλŠ” 이것은 μ•”ν˜Έν™”λœ ν†΅ν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:45
It's not a fiat currency controlled by a nation-state.
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κ΅­κ°€κ°€ λ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ ν†΅μ œν•˜λŠ” 톡화가 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
And that's of greater interest.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 더 관심을 λͺ¨μλ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
But the real pony here is the underlying technology.
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μ‹€μ œμ μΈ 관심은 κΈ°μ €μ˜ κΈ°μˆ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
It's called blockchain.
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블둝체인이라고 ν•˜μ£ .
04:57
So for the first time now in human history,
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인λ₯˜ 역사상 처음으둜
05:01
people everywhere can trust each other
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 어디에 μžˆλ“  μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό μ‹ λ’°ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
05:03
and transact peer to peer.
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μΌλŒ€μΌλ‘œ κ±°λž˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:07
And trust is established, not by some big institution,
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μ‹ λ’°λŠ” κ±°λŒ€ 기관이 μ•„λ‹Œ
05:11
but by collaboration, by cryptography
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ν˜‘λ ₯κ³Ό μ•”ν˜Έν™”μ™€
05:14
and by some clever code.
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κΈ°λ°œν•œ μ½”λ“œμ— μ˜ν•΄ ν˜•μ„±λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
And because trust is native to the technology,
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μ‹ λ’°κ°€ 이 기술의 핡심 νŠΉμ„±μ΄λ―€λ‘œ
05:20
I call this, "The Trust Protocol."
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μ €λŠ” 'μ‹ λ’° ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ'이라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
Now, you're probably wondering: How does this thing work?
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μ§€κΈˆμ―€ μ•„λ§ˆ μž‘λ™μ›λ¦¬κ°€ κΆκΈˆν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
Fair enough.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”.
05:28
Assets -- digital assets like money to music and everything in between --
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λˆλΆ€ν„° μŒμ•…κΉŒμ§€ μ–΄λ–€ 디지털 μžμ‚°μ΄
05:33
are not stored in a central place,
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쀑앙 본뢀에 λ³΄κ΄€λ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
05:35
but they're distributed across a global ledger,
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κ³ λ„μ˜ μ•”ν˜Έν™” κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
05:37
using the highest level of cryptography.
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μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ „μž μž₯뢀에 λΆ„μ‚°λ˜μ–΄ κΈ°λ‘λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
And when a transaction is conducted,
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κ±°λž˜κ°€ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§ˆ λ•Œ
05:43
it's posted globally,
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그것은 μ „μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ κ³΅ν‘œλ˜κ³ 
05:45
across millions and millions of computers.
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수 백만 λŒ€μ˜ 컴퓨터에 ν‘œμ‹œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:49
And out there, around the world,
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그리고 세계 곳곳에
05:51
is a group of people called "miners."
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'κ΄‘λΆ€'듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
These are not young people, they're Bitcoin miners.
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그듀은 μ Šμ€μ΄κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ κ΄‘λΆ€μ£ .
05:57
They have massive computing power at their fingertips --
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그듀이 가진 λ§‰λŒ€ν•œ μ—°μ‚° λŠ₯λ ₯은
06:00
10 to 100 times bigger than all of Google worldwide.
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전세계 ꡬ글보닀 μ—΄ λ°°μ—μ„œ λ°± λ°° ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
These miners do a lot of work.
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광뢀듀은 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§Žμ€ 일을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:08
And every 10 minutes,
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그리고 10λΆ„λ§ˆλ‹€
06:09
kind of like the heartbeat of a network,
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λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ˜ 동기화 μ‹ ν˜Έμ²˜λŸΌ
06:11
a block gets created
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블둝이 μƒμ„±λ˜κ³ 
06:14
that has all the transactions from the previous 10 minutes.
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μ΄λŠ” μ§€λ‚œ 10λΆ„κ°„μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  거래 λ‚΄μš©μ„ λ‹΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
Then the miners get to work, trying to solve some tough problems.
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그리고 광뢀듀은 μ–΄λ €μš΄ 문제λ₯Ό ν‘ΈλŠ” μž‘μ—…μ„ ν•˜μ£ .
06:22
And they compete:
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그듀은 κ²½μŸν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
the first miner to find out the truth and to validate the block,
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참값을 μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄ 블둝을 μΈμ¦ν•œ 졜초의 κ΄‘λΆ€λŠ”
06:28
is rewarded in digital currency,
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μ „μž ν™”νλ‘œ 보상을 λ°›κ³ 
06:30
in the case of the Bitcoin blockchain, with Bitcoin.
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈ λΈ”λ‘μ²΄μΈμ˜ κ²½μš°μ— 그것은 λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:34
And then -- this is the key part --
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그리고 핡심 뢀뢄은
06:36
that block is linked to the previous block
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κ·Έ 블둝이 κ·Έ 이전 블둝과 μ—°κ²°λ˜μ–΄ 이것이 λͺ¨μ—¬
06:38
and the previous block
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06:40
to create a chain of blocks.
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λΈ”λ‘μ˜ μ—°κ²°(체인)을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:43
And every one is time-stamped,
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λͺ¨λ“  블둝은 마치 μ „μž 봉인 도μž₯처럼 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 기둝되죠.
06:44
kind of like with a digital waxed seal.
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06:47
So if I wanted to go and hack a block
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ 블둝 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό ν•΄ν‚Ήν•΄μ„œ
06:49
and, say, pay you and you with the same money,
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κ°€λ Ή 이 두 λΆ„κ»˜ 같은 μ–‘μ˜ λˆμ„ μ£Όλ €κ³  ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
06:54
I'd have to hack that block,
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κ·Έ 블둝과 ν•¨κ»˜
06:55
plus all the preceding blocks,
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κ·Έ 이전 λΈ”λ‘κΉŒμ§€
06:57
the entire history of commerce on that blockchain,
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블둝체인 μ „μ²΄μ˜ 거래 기둝을
07:00
not just on one computer but across millions of computers,
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컴퓨터 ν•œ κ°œκ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ 수백만 λŒ€μ— μ €μž₯된 것을 ν•΄ν‚Ήν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
07:04
simultaneously,
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λ™μ‹œμ— ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:06
all using the highest levels of encryption,
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이듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ 졜고 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ μ•”ν˜Έλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³ 
07:09
in the light of the most powerful computing resource in the world
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μ €λ₯Ό κ°μ‹œν•˜λŠ” μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ—°μ‚° λŠ₯λ ₯의 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 보면
07:12
that's watching me.
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07:13
Tough to do.
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μ–΄λ €μšΈ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:15
This is infinitely more secure
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이것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν˜„μž¬ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”
07:17
than the computer systems that we have today.
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컴퓨터 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œλ³΄λ‹€ μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ μ•ˆμ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:20
Blockchain. That's how it works.
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이것이 블둝체인이 μš΄μ˜λ˜λŠ” λ°©μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:23
So the Bitcoin blockchain is just one.
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λΉ„νŠΈμ½”μΈμ€ λΈ”λ‘μ²΄μΈμ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μΌ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
There are many.
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더 많이 있죠.
07:26
The Ethereum blockchain was developed by a Canadian named Vitalik Buterin.
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μ—ν…Œλ₯¨ 블둝체인은 μΊλ‚˜λ‹€μ˜ λΉ„νƒˆλ¦­ λΆ€ν…Œλ¦°μ΄ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:31
He's [22] years old,
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ·ΈλŠ” 열아홉 μ‚΄μ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
07:33
and this blockchain has some extraordinary capabilities.
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이 블둝체인은 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ κΈ°λŠ₯듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:38
One of them is that you can build smart contracts.
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이 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 지λŠ₯적 계약을 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:41
It's kind of what it sounds like.
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λœ»μ€ μš©μ–΄ κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:43
It's a contract that self-executes,
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μžλ™ μ‹€ν–‰λ˜λŠ” 계약이고
07:45
and the contract handles the enforcement, the management, performance
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계약 μžμ²΄κ°€ μΌμ’…μ˜ κ³„μ’Œλ₯Ό 가지고
07:50
and payment -- the contract kind of has a bank account, too, in a sense --
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ κ°„μ˜ κ³„μ•½μ˜ 집행과 관리
07:55
of agreements between people.
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이행과 μ§€λΆˆμ„ κ°λ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:57
And today, on the Ethereum blockchain,
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μ§€κΈˆλ„ μ—ν…Œλ₯¨ λΈ”λ‘μ²΄μΈμ—μ„œλŠ”
08:00
there are projects underway to do everything
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό 가진 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ μ§„ν–‰λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:02
from create a new replacement for the stock market
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주식 μ‹œμž₯의 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λŒ€μ•ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμ—μ„œλΆ€ν„°
08:05
to create a new model of democracy,
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μ •μΉ˜μΈλ“€μ΄ μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ±…μž„μ„ μ§€λŠ”
08:07
where politicians are accountable to citizens.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 민주주의 λͺ¨ν˜•μ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒκΉŒμ§€μš”.
08:10
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:14
So to understand what a radical change this is going to bring,
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이것이 κ°€μ Έμ˜¬ κΈ‰κ²©ν•œ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
08:18
let's look at one industry, financial services.
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κΈˆμœ΅μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ—…μ΄λΌλŠ” 산업을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
08:21
Recognize this?
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이걸 μ•„μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
08:23
Rube Goldberg machine.
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루브 κ³¨λ“œλ²„κ·Έ μž₯μΉ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:25
It's a ridiculously complicated machine that does something really simple,
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달걀을 κΉ¨κ±°λ‚˜ 문을 λ‹«λŠ” 것 같은 μ•„μ£Ό κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 일을 ν•˜κΈ°μ—”
08:28
like crack an egg or shut a door.
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말도 μ•ˆ 되게 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ κΈ°κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:31
Well, it kind of reminds me of the financial services industry,
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이것을 보면 금육 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ—…μ΄ μƒκ°λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:35
honestly.
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μ§„μ§œλ‘œμš”.
08:36
I mean, you tap your card in the corner store,
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κΈΈκ°€ κ°€κ²Œμ—μ„œ μΉ΄λ“œλ₯Ό 긁으면
08:39
and a bitstream goes through a dozen companies,
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정보가 μˆ˜μ‹­ 개의 νšŒμ‚¬λ‘œ μ „λ‹¬λ˜κ³ 
08:42
each with their own computer system,
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νšŒμ‚¬ 각자의 μ „μ‚° μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 톡해
μΌλΆ€λŠ” μ—¬κΈ° λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ νƒœμ–΄λ‚˜κΈ° 전에 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„
08:45
some of them being 1970s mainframes
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08:47
older than many of the people in this room,
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1970λ…„λŒ€ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ
08:50
and three days later, a settlement occurs.
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μ‚Ό 일 뒀에 κ²°μ œκ°€ μ²˜λ¦¬λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:53
Well, with a blockchain financial industry,
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블둝체인 식 κΈˆμœ΅μ—…μ—μ„œλŠ”
08:57
there would be no settlement,
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이런 κ²°μ œκ°€ μ—†κ² μ§€μš”.
08:58
because the payment and the settlement is the same activity,
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μ§€λΆˆκ³Ό μ²˜λ¦¬κ°€ 같은 ν™œλ™μœΌλ‘œ
09:01
it's just a change in the ledger.
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μž₯뢀에 λ°”λ‘œ κΈ°λ‘λ˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
09:04
So Wall Street and all around the world,
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월가와 세계 곳곳의 κΈˆμœ΅μ—…μ€
09:06
the financial industry is in a big upheaval about this,
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이 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 격동에 μ²˜ν•΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:09
wondering, can we be replaced,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λŒ€μ²΄λ  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν˜Ήμ€
09:11
or how do we embrace this technology for success?
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성곡을 μœ„ν•΄ 이 κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 받아듀일지 κ³ λ―Όν•˜κ³  있죠.
09:15
Now, why should you care?
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이것이 μ™œ μ€‘μš”ν• κΉŒμš”?
09:18
Well, let me describe some applications.
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λͺ‡ 가지 ν™œμš©μ„ μ„€λͺ…λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
09:21
Prosperity.
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λ²ˆμ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:23
The first era of the internet,
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μΈν„°λ„·μ˜ 첫 번째 μ‹œλŒ€μΈ μ •λ³΄μ˜ 인터넷은
09:25
the internet of information,
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09:26
brought us wealth but not shared prosperity,
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λΆ€λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ™”μ§€λ§Œ λͺ¨λ‘μ˜ λ²ˆμ˜μ€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:30
because social inequality is growing.
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μ‚¬νšŒμ  λΆˆν‰λ“±μ΄ μ¦κ°€ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
09:32
And this is at the heart of all of the anger and extremism
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μ΄λŠ” μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μžλΌλ‚˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  뢄노와 κ·Ήλ‹¨μ£Όμ˜
09:36
and protectionism and xenophobia and worse
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λ³΄ν˜Έμ£Όμ˜μ™€ 더 μ•…ν™”λœ 외ꡭ인 혐였 λ“±
09:40
that we're seeing growing in the world today,
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λ§Žμ€ μ•ˆνƒ€κΉŒμš΄ ν˜„μƒμ— 자리작고 있죠.
09:43
Brexit being the most recent case.
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λΈŒλ ‰μ‹œνŠΈκ°€ κ°€μž₯ 졜근 사둀죠.
09:46
So could we develop some new approaches to this problem of inequality?
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이 λΆˆν‰λ“± λ¬Έμ œμ— μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 해법을 κ°œλ°œν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
09:52
Because the only approach today is to redistribute wealth,
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ν˜„μž¬ μ•Œλ €μ§„ 해법은 μ„ΈκΈˆμ„ 더 걷은 λ’€ λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄ μ€˜μ„œ
09:56
tax people and spread it around more.
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λΆ€λ₯Ό μž¬λΆ„λ°°ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒλΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
Could we pre-distribute wealth?
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λΆ€λ₯Ό μ›μ²œμ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„λ°°ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
10:01
Could we change the way that wealth gets created in the first place
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μ• μ΄ˆμ— λΆ€κ°€ μ°½μΆœλ˜λŠ” 방법을 λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
10:04
by democratizing wealth creation,
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λΆ€μ˜ μ°½μΆœμ„ λ―Όμ£Όν™”ν•˜κ³ 
10:07
engaging more people in the economy,
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κ²½μ œν™œλ™μ— μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ”μš± μ°Έμ—¬μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
10:09
and then ensuring that they got fair compensation?
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κ³΅μ •ν•œ 보상을 받도둝 ν•΄μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:13
Let me describe five ways that this can be done.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ‹€μ„― 가지 방식을 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
Number one:
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첫 번째둜
10:18
Did you know that 70 percent of the people in the world who have land
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토지λ₯Ό μ†Œμœ ν•œ μ „ 세계 μ‚¬λžŒ 70%의 κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€
10:23
have a tenuous title to it?
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μ·¨μ•½ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•„μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
10:25
So, you've got a little farm in Honduras, some dictator comes to power,
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μ˜¨λ‘λΌμŠ€μ— 농μž₯을 μ†Œμœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ° μ–΄λ–€ λ…μž¬μžκ°€ μ§‘κΆŒν•΄μ„œλŠ”
10:29
he says, "I know you've got a piece of paper that says you own your farm,
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"μ„œλ₯˜μƒ 이 농μž₯이 μžλ„€ μ†Œμœ μΈ 것은 μ•Œμ§€λ§Œ
10:32
but the government computer says my friend owns your farm."
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μ •λΆ€ μ „μ‚°λ§μ—λŠ” λ‚΄ 친ꡬ μ†Œμœ λ‘œ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ„€."라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:36
This happened on a mass scale in Honduras,
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ˜¨λ‘λΌμŠ€μ—μ„œ λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨λ‘œ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 일이고
10:39
and this problem exists everywhere.
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이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ–΄λ””μ—λ‚˜ μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:42
Hernando de Soto, the great Latin American economist,
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μœ„λŒ€ν•œ 라틴아메리카 κ²½μ œν•™μž ν—€λ₯΄λ‚œλ„ 데 μ†Œν† λŠ”
10:45
says this is the number one issue in the world
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이것이 경제 계측 이동 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ
10:47
in terms of economic mobility,
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은행 κ³„μ’Œ μ†Œμœ λ³΄λ‹€ 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ
10:48
more important than having a bank account,
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μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 문제라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:50
because if you don't have a valid title to your land,
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뢀동산에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ“±λ‘λœ κΆŒλ¦¬κ°€ μ—†μœΌλ©΄
10:53
you can't borrow against it,
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λ‹΄λ³΄λ‘œ 놓을 μˆ˜λ„ μ—†κ³ 
10:55
and you can't plan for the future.
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미래λ₯Ό 섀계할 수 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
10:57
So today, companies are working with governments
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  기업듀은 정뢀와 ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜μ—¬
11:01
to put land titles on a blockchain.
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토지 μ†Œμœ κΆŒμ„ 블둝체인에 λ“±λ‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:03
And once it's there, this is immutable.
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ν•œλ²ˆ μ˜¬λΌκ°€λ©΄ μ˜κ΅¬μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:06
You can't hack it.
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해킹이 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜μ£ .
11:08
This creates the conditions for prosperity
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μˆ˜μ‹­μ–΅ λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
11:11
for potentially billions of people.
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번영의 κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:14
Secondly:
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두 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ”
11:16
a lot of writers talk about Uber
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λ§Žμ€ 기고가듀은 μš°λ²„μ™€
11:18
and Airbnb and TaskRabbit and Lyft and so on
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에어비앀비, νƒœμŠ€ν¬λž˜λΉ—, λ¦¬ν”„νŠΈ 같은 사둀듀을
11:21
as part of the sharing economy.
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곡유 경제의 μΌλΆ€λ‘œ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:24
This is a very powerful idea,
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맀우 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:25
that peers can come together and create and share wealth.
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μ°Έμ—¬μžλ“€λΌλ¦¬ λΆ€λ₯Ό μ°½μΆœν•˜κ³  κ³΅μœ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
11:29
My view is that ...
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제 κ΄€μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ”
11:31
these companies are not really sharing.
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이 νšŒμ‚¬λ“€μ€ κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
In fact, they're successful precisely because they don't share.
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사싀 그듀은 κ³΅μœ ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 더 μ„±κ³΅ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:39
They aggregate services together, and they sell them.
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μ„œλΉ„μŠ€λ₯Ό κ²°μ§‘μ‹œμΌœ μ€€ λ‹€μŒ νŒλ§€ν•  뿐이죠.
11:43
What if, rather than Airbnb being a $25 billion corporation,
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250μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬ κ°€μΉ˜μ˜ κΈ°μ—… 에어비앀비가 μžˆλŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
11:48
there was a distributed application on a blockchain, we'll call it B-Airbnb,
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블둝체인 μƒμ˜ λΆ„μ‚° μ•± B-에어비앀비가 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
11:54
and it was essentially owned by all of the people
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그러면 κ·Έ μ†Œμœ μžλŠ” λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μž„λŒ€ν•  방이 μžˆλŠ”
11:58
who have a room to rent.
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λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ΄κ² μ£ .
12:00
And when someone wants to rent a room,
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 방을 빌리고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν•  λ•Œ
12:03
they go onto the blockchain database and all the criteria,
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블둝체인 λ°μ΄ν„°λ² μ΄μŠ€λ‘œ κ°€μ„œ 기쀀을 μž…λ ₯ν•΄μ„œ
12:07
they sift through, it helps them find the right room,
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μ ν•©ν•œ 방을 κ²€μƒ‰ν•œ λ‹€μŒ
12:09
and then the blockchain helps with the contracting,
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블둝체인이 계약에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ
12:12
it identifies the party,
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μ–‘μͺ½ 신원을 ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ 
12:14
it handles the payments
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μ§€λΆˆμ€ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ μƒμ˜ μ „μžκ²°μ œλ‘œλ§Œ 이루어지죠.
12:15
just through digital payments -- they're built into the system.
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12:19
And it even handles reputation,
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ν›„κΈ° 관리 κΈ°λŠ₯도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:20
because if she rates a room as a five-star room,
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 방의 λ§Œμ‘±λ„λ₯Ό 별 5개라고 ν‰κ°€ν•˜κ³ 
12:24
that room is there,
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12:26
and it's rated, and it's immutable.
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방이 일단 ν‰κ°€λ˜λ©΄ λ³€κ²½ λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
12:29
So, the big sharing-economy disruptors in Silicon Valley
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μ‹€λ¦¬μ½˜ 밸리의 λŒ€ν˜• 곡유 경제 κ΅λž€ 기업듀은
12:34
could be disrupted,
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λ°©ν•΄λ₯Ό 받을 수 있겠죠.
12:36
and this would be good for prosperity.
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그건 λ²ˆμ˜μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 쒋은 일이겠죠.
12:38
Number three:
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μ„Έ 번째
12:40
the biggest flow of funds from the developed world
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μ„ μ§„κ΅­μ—μ„œ κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 큰 자금의 흐름은
12:42
to the developing world
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12:44
is not corporate investment,
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기업에 λŒ€ν•œ νˆ¬μžλ„
12:46
and it's not even foreign aid.
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ν•΄μ™Έ 원쑰도 μ•„λ‹Œ
12:49
It's remittances.
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μ†‘κΈˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:52
This is the global diaspora;
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전세계적 μ΄μ£Όμžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:54
people have left their ancestral lands,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ³ κ΅­ 땅을 λ– λ‚˜
12:56
and they're sending money back to their families at home.
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κ³ ν–₯의 κ°€μ‘±λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ†‘κΈˆμ„ ν•΄ μ£Όκ³  μžˆλŠ” 것이죠.
13:00
This is 600 billion dollars a year, and it's growing,
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일 년에 6μ²œμ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬ 규λͺ¨μ΄κ³  μ¦κ°€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:03
and these people are getting ripped off.
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λ‹Ήμ‚¬μžλ“€μ€ 바가지λ₯Ό μ“°κ³  있죠.
13:06
Analie Domingo is a housekeeper.
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아날리에 λ„λ°κ³ λŠ” 가사 λ„μš°λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:09
She lives in Toronto,
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토둠토에 μ‚΄κ³ 
13:11
and every month she goes to the Western Union office
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맀달 μ›¨μŠ€ν„΄ ν˜‘λ™μ‘°ν•© 사무싀에 ν˜„κΈˆμ„ 가지고 κ°€μ„œ
13:16
with some cash
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13:18
to send her remittances to her mom in Manila.
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λ§ˆλ‹λΌμ— μžˆλŠ” μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ—κ²Œ μ†‘κΈˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:21
It costs her around 10 percent;
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수수료만 μ•½ 10%이고
13:23
the money takes four to seven days to get there;
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λ„μ°©ν•˜λŠ” 데 4~7일이 걸리며
13:26
her mom never knows when it's going to arrive.
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μ–Έμ œ λ„μ°©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μˆ˜μ‹ μžκ°€ μ•Œ μˆ˜λ„ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:28
It takes five hours out of her week to do this.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 맀주 이걸 μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 데 λ‹€μ„― μ‹œκ°„ κ±Έλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:31
Six months ago,
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6κ°œμ›” μ „
13:32
Analie Domingo used a blockchain application called Abra.
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아날리에 λ„λ°κ³ λŠ” μ•„λΈŒλΌλΌλŠ” 블둝체인 앱을 μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:37
And from her mobile device, she sent 300 bucks.
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λͺ¨λ°”일 기기둜 300λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό λ³΄λƒˆμ£ .
13:40
It went directly to her mom's mobile device
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κ·Έλ…€ μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ˜ 기기둜
13:42
without going through an intermediary.
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μ€‘κ°œμΈμ„ κ±°μΉ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  직접 λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:45
And then her mom looked at her mobile device --
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그리고 μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό 보고
13:47
it's kind of like an Uber interface, there's Abra "tellers" moving around.
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μš°λ²„μ™€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ, μ•„λΈŒλΌ '은행원'λ“€ 쀑
13:51
She clicks on a teller that's a five-star teller,
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별 λ‹€μ„―μœΌλ‘œ ν‰κ°€λœ 7λΆ„ 거리에 μžˆλŠ” 은행원을 μ„ νƒν•˜λ©΄
13:54
who's seven minutes away.
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13:56
The guy shows up at the door, gives her Filipino pesos,
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문에 λ‚¨μžκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜μ„œλŠ” 필리핀 νŽ˜μ†Œλ₯Ό μ£Όκ³ 
13:59
she puts them in her wallet.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 지갑에 λ„£μœΌλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:01
The whole thing took minutes,
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이 λͺ¨λ“  것은 λͺ‡ 뢄이면 되고
14:03
and it cost her two percent.
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μˆ˜μˆ˜λ£ŒλŠ” 2%λΏμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:06
This is a big opportunity for prosperity.
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λ²ˆμ˜μ„ μœ„ν•œ 큰 기회죠.
14:09
Number four: the most powerful asset of the digital age is data.
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λ„€ 번째, 디지털 μ‹œλŒ€μ— κ°€μž₯ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μžμ‚°μ€ λ°μ΄ν„°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:14
And data is really a new asset class,
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λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μžμ‚° ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ
14:17
maybe bigger than previous asset classes,
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μ΄μ „μ˜ μžμ‚° ν˜•νƒœλ³΄λ‹€ 더 큰 규λͺ¨μΌ μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
14:20
like land under the agrarian economy,
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농업 μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 토지와
14:23
or an industrial plant,
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μ‚°μ—… μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 곡μž₯
14:24
or even money.
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심지어 λˆλ³΄λ‹€λ„μš”.
14:26
And all of you -- we -- create this data.
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그리고 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 같이 이 데이터λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:29
We create this asset,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 μžμ‚°μ„ λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
14:31
and we leave this trail of digital crumbs behind us
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μ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ 디지털 λΆ€μŠ€λŸ¬κΈ°λΌλŠ” 흔적을 뒀에 남기고 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:34
as we go throughout life.
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14:35
And these crumbs are collected into a mirror image of you,
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이 λΆ€μŠ€λŸ¬κΈ°λ₯Ό λͺ¨μœΌλ©΄ κ±°μšΈμ— λΉ„μΉœ 것과 같은
14:38
the virtual you.
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κ°€μƒμ˜ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ μžμ‹ μ΄ 되죠.
14:40
And the virtual you may know more about you than you do,
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κ·Έ κ°€μƒμ˜ μžμ‹ μ€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ³΄λ‹€ μžμ‹ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 해박할지도 λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
일 λ…„ 전에 무엇을 μƒ€λŠ”μ§€ μ–΄λ–€ 말을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€
14:43
because you can't remember what you bought a year ago,
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14:45
or said a year ago, or your exact location a year ago.
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μ •ν™•νžˆ 어디에 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ κΈ°μ–΅ν•  수 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
14:48
And the virtual you is not owned by you --
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그리고 κ°€μƒμ˜ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ μ†Œμœ κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:51
that's the big problem.
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그게 큰 문제죠.
14:53
So today, there are companies working
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ†Œμœ ν•œ
14:56
to create an identity in a black box,
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μ•”ν‘μƒμž μ†μ˜ κ°€μƒμ˜ μžμ‹ μ„
14:59
the virtual you owned by you.
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λ§Œλ“€λ €λŠ” νšŒμ‚¬κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:01
And this black box moves around with you
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이 μ•”ν‘μƒμžλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ—¬ν–‰ν•  λ•Œ 같이 λ”°λΌλ‹€λ‹ˆκ³ 
15:05
as you travel throughout the world,
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15:07
and it's very, very stingy.
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맀우 μΈμƒ‰ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:09
It only gives away the shred of information
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μ–΄λ–€ 일을 ν•˜κΈ° ν•„μš”ν•œ κ·Έ μ •λ³΄μ˜ λΆ€λΆ„λ§Œ μ•Œλ € μ£Όμ£ .
15:12
that's required to do something.
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15:13
A lot of transactions,
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λ§Žμ€ κ±°λž˜μ—μ„œ
15:15
the seller doesn't even need to know who you are.
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νŒλ§€μžλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 신원을 μ•Œ ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:17
They just need to know that they got paid.
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μ§€λΆˆ μ—¬λΆ€λ§Œ μ•Œλ©΄ 되죠.
15:20
And then this avatar is sweeping up all of this data
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이 μ•„λ°”νƒ€λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  데이터λ₯Ό λͺ¨μ•„
15:24
and enabling you to monetize it.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν˜„κΈˆν™”ν•˜κ²Œ ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:28
And this is a wonderful thing,
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이것은 멋진 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:29
because it can also help us protect our privacy,
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μ‚¬μƒν™œμ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 데 도움을 μ£Όκ³ 
15:33
and privacy is the foundation of a free society.
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μ‚¬μƒν™œμ€ 자유둜운 μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 기반이죠.
15:36
Let's get this asset that we create
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§Œλ“  데이터 μžμ‚°μ„ 우리 ν†΅μ œ ν•˜μ— 두어
15:38
back under our control,
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15:40
where we can own our own identity
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 신원 정보λ₯Ό μ†Œμœ ν•˜κ³ 
15:42
and manage it responsibly.
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μ±…μž„ 있게 관리할 수 있게 ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
15:45
Finally --
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ
15:46
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
15:52
Finally, number five:
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ λ‹€μ„― λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ”
15:53
there are a whole number of creators of content
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κ³΅μ •ν•œ 보상을 받지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” μ½˜ν…μΈ  μ œμž‘μžλ“€μ΄ 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:57
who don't receive fair compensation,
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15:59
because the system for intellectual property is broken.
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지적 μž¬μ‚°κΆŒ 체계가 λ¬΄λ„ˆμ‘ŒκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:02
It was broken by the first era of the internet.
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μΈν„°λ„·μ˜ 첫 μ‹œλŒ€λ‘œ 인해 λ¬΄λ„ˆμ‘Œμ£ .
16:05
Take music.
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μŒμ•…μ„ 예둜 λ“€μ£ .
16:07
Musicians are left with crumbs at the end of the whole food chain.
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μŒμ•…μΈλ“€μ€ λ¨Ήμ΄μ‚¬μŠ¬ 끝의 λΆ€μŠ€λŸ¬κΈ°λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έκ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:10
You know, if you were a songwriter, 25 years ago, you wrote a hit song,
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25λ…„ μ „μ˜ μž‘κ³‘κ°€κ°€ νžˆνŠΈκ³‘μ„ μ¨μ„œ
16:15
it got a million singles,
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곑이 백만 개 νŒ”λ¦°λ‹€λ©΄
16:18
you could get royalties of around 45,000 dollars.
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μ €μž‘κΆŒλ£Œκ°€ 4만 5천 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ―€ λ˜μ—ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:21
Today, you're a songwriter, you write a hit song,
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였늘 μž‘κ³‘κ°€κ°€ νžˆνŠΈκ³‘μ„ μ¨μ„œ
16:23
it gets a million streams,
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슀트리밍이 백만 번 되면
16:25
you don't get 45k,
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4만 5천 λ‹¬λŸ¬κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
16:27
you get 36 dollars,
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36λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:29
enough to buy a nice pizza.
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ν”Όμž ν•˜λ‚˜ 사기 μ λ‹Ήν•˜μ£ .
16:32
So Imogen Heap,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그래미 μˆ˜μƒ κ°€μˆ˜ κ²Έ μž‘κ³‘κ°€ 이λͺ¨μ   νžˆν”„λŠ”
16:34
the Grammy-winning singer-songwriter,
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16:36
is now putting music on a blockchain ecosystem.
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블둝체인 μƒνƒœκ³„μ— μŒμ•…μ„ 올리고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:40
She calls it "Mycelia."
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” '미셀리움'으둜 λΆ€λ₯΄μ£ .
16:42
And the music has a smart contract surrounding it.
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μŒμ•…μ„ λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Ό 지λŠ₯ν˜• 계약이 μžˆμ–΄
16:46
And the music protects her intellectual property rights.
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 지적 μž¬μ‚°κΆŒμ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μŒμ•…μ„ λ“£κ³  μ‹ΆμœΌμ‹ κ°€μš”?
16:50
You want to listen to the song?
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16:51
It's free, or maybe a few micro-cents that flow into a digital account.
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λ¬΄λ£Œμ΄κ±°λ‚˜ 백만 λΆ„μ˜ 1μ„ΌνŠΈ 정도 μ „μž κ³„μ’Œλ‘œ 보내면 되겠죠.
16:54
You want to put the song in your movie, that's different,
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μ˜ν™” μ‚½μž…κ³‘μœΌλ‘œ μ“°λŠ” 것은 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ¬Έμ œμ΄κ³ μš”.
16:57
and the IP rights are all specified.
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지적 μž¬μ‚°κΆŒμ΄ λͺ¨λ‘ λͺ…κΈ°λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:59
You want to make a ringtone? That's different.
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λ²¨μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것은 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:02
She describes that the song becomes a business.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 곑 μžμ²΄κ°€ 사업이 λœλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:05
It's out there on this platform marketing itself,
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ν”Œλž«νΌμ—μ„œ μžμ‹ μ„ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…ν•˜λ©°
17:08
protecting the rights of the author,
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μ›μž‘μžμ˜ ꢌ리λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κ³ 
17:10
and because the song has a payment system
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κ³‘λ§ˆλ‹€ 은행 κ³„μ’Œμ™€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 결제 체계가 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
17:12
in the sense of bank account,
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17:13
all the money flows back to the artist,
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λͺ¨λ“  돈이 μ›μž‘μžμ—κ²Œ λŒμ•„μ˜€μ£ .
17:16
and they control the industry,
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그듀이 산업을 ν†΅μ œν•˜λ©°
17:18
rather than these powerful intermediaries.
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힘 μžˆλŠ” μ€‘κ°œμΈμ€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:21
Now, this is --
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이것은
17:22
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
17:27
This is not just songwriters,
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μž‘κ³‘κ°€λΏλ§Œμ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
17:29
it's any creator of content,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ½˜ν…μΈ  μ œμž‘μžμ˜
17:30
like art,
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μ˜ˆμˆ ν’ˆ
17:32
like inventions,
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발λͺ…ν’ˆ
17:34
scientific discoveries, journalists.
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과학적 발견과 언둠인듀 같은 κ±°μ£ .
17:37
There are all kinds of people who don't get fair compensation,
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λͺ¨λ‘ κ³΅μ •ν•œ 보상을 받지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” μ°½μž‘λ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:40
and with blockchains,
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블둝체인이 있으면
17:42
they're going to be able to make it rain on the blockchain.
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성곡을 κ±°λ‘˜ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:46
And that's a wonderful thing.
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멋진 일이죠.
17:48
So, these are five opportunities
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이것은 μ‹­μˆ˜ 개의 방법 쀑 λ‹€μ„― κ°€μ§€μ˜
17:53
out of a dozen
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17:54
to solve one problem, prosperity,
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λ²ˆμ˜μ„ μœ„ν•œ ν™œμš©λ²•μ΄κ³ 
17:57
which is one of countless problems
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λ²ˆμ˜μ€ 블둝체인이 ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
18:00
that blockchains are applicable to.
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λ¬΄μˆ˜ν•œ 상황 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ£ .
18:03
Now, technology doesn't create prosperity, of course -- people do.
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λ¬Όλ‘  λ²ˆμ˜μ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것은 기술이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ‚¬λžŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:07
But my case to you is that, once again,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ œκ°€ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 μ „ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” λ°”λŠ”
18:11
the technology genie has escaped from the bottle,
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λž¨ν”„μ˜ 기술 μš”μ •μ΄ λ³‘μ—μ„œ νŠ€μ–΄λ‚˜μ™”κ³ 
18:15
and it was summoned by an unknown person or persons
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읡λͺ…μ˜ κ°œμΈμ΄λ‚˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
18:18
at this uncertain time in human history,
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μΈκ°„μ‚¬μ—μ„œ 이 λΆˆν™•μ‹€ν•œ λ•Œμ— μ†Œν™˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:22
and it's giving us another kick at the can,
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ 또 ν•œ 번의 도전과
18:25
another opportunity to rewrite the economic power grid
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기쑴의 μ§ˆμ„œμ™€ 경제의 μ‹œμ„€λ§μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ 짜고
18:30
and the old order of things,
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μ„Έκ³„μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ–΄λ €μš΄ 문제 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό
18:32
and solve some of the world's most difficult problems,
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ν•΄κ²°ν•  κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μ£Όμ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
18:37
if we will it.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€λ©΄μš”.
18:39
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:41
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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