How to spark your curiosity, scientifically | Nadya Mason

134,156 views ・ 2020-05-07

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Transcriber: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Joanna Pietrulewicz
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λ²ˆμ—­: Kim Linda κ²€ν† : ν˜„μ„  μ•ˆ
00:13
A friend called me a few weeks ago
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λͺ‡ μ£Ό μ „ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ „ν™”λ‘œ 근황을 μ „ν•˜λŠ”λ°
00:15
with bad news.
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00:17
She dropped her cell phone into the toilet.
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ν•Έλ“œν°μ„ 변기에 λΉ νŠΈλ Έλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
00:21
Anyone here done that before?
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λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ κ²½ν—˜ λ‹€λ“€ μžˆμœΌμ‹œμ£ ?
00:22
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
00:24
So it was a bad situation.
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μ°Έ λ‚œμ²˜ν•˜μ£ .
00:26
You know, without getting into the details of exactly how that happened
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μ–΄μ©Œλ‹€ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 됐고 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄κ²°ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄λ‹ˆκΉŒ
00:29
or how she got it out,
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00:31
let's just say it was a bad situation.
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κ·Έλƒ₯ λ‚œκ°ν•œ 상황이라 ν• κ²Œμš”.
00:34
And she panicked because, like for many of us,
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μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ λ‹Ήν™©ν•  μˆ˜λ°–μ— μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ 게, 저희듀 λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ κ·Έλ ‡λ“―
00:36
her phone is one of the most used and essential tools in her life.
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μΉœκ΅¬λ„ νœ΄λŒ€ν° μ‚¬μš©λŸ‰μ΄ 많고 ν•„μˆ˜ν’ˆμ΄λ‚˜ λ‹€λ¦„μ—†κ±°λ“ μš”.
00:41
But, on the other hand, she had no idea how to fix it,
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ν•œνŽΈ μΉœκ΅¬λŠ” νœ΄λŒ€ν° 수리λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό 할지도 λͺ°λžλŠ”데
00:44
because it's a completely mysterious black box.
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μΉœκ΅¬ν•œν… 이게 μ™„μ „νžˆ 베일에 싸인 λΈ”λž™λ°•μŠ€ 같은 κ±°μ˜€μ£ .
00:48
So think about it: what would you do?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄λΌλ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
00:51
What do you really understand about how your phone works?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ˜ μž‘λ™ 원리λ₯Ό μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
00:54
What are you willing to test or fix?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄λΌλ©΄ νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ˜ μ–΄λ””λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•˜κ³  κ³ μΉ˜μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
00:58
For most people, the answer is, nothing.
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λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜λŠ” 잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ‹€κ³  λŒ€λ‹΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
In fact, one survey found
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ ν•œ 섀문쑰사에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
01:03
that almost 80 percent of smartphone users in this country
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미ꡭ의 슀마트폰 μ‚¬μš©μžλ“€ 쀑 μ•½ 80%κ°€
01:07
have never even replaced their phone batteries,
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본인의 슀마트폰 배터리λ₯Ό ν•œ λ²ˆλ„ κ°„ 적이 μ—†κ³ ,
01:09
and 25 percent didn't even know this was possible.
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25%의 경우 배터리 ꡐ체가 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œμ§€μ‘°μ°¨ λͺ°λžλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
Now, I'm an experimental physicist,
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μ €λŠ” μ‹€ν—˜λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžμ΄κ³ ,
01:16
hence the toys.
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μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” 제 μ‹€ν—˜ 도ꡬ듀이죠.
01:19
I specialize in making new types of nanoscale electronic devices
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λ‚˜λ…ΈμŠ€μΌ€μΌ μ „μžκΈ°κΈ°μ˜ 근본적인 μ–‘μžμ—­ν•™μ  νŠΉμ„±μ„ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³ μž
01:24
to study their fundamental quantum mechanical properties.
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μ‹ κ°œλ…μ˜ λ‚˜λ…ΈμŠ€μΌ€μΌ μ „μžκΈ°κΈ° κ°œλ°œμ„ νŠΉμ„±ν™”ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
But even I wouldn't know where to start in terms of testing elements on my phone
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그런 μ €λ§ˆμ €λ„ λ§Œμ•½ 제 νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ΄ κ³ μž₯ λ‚œλ‹€λ©΄
μ–΄λ–€ κΈ°λŠ₯λΆ€ν„° λ¨Όμ € ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•΄μ•Ό 할지 λͺ¨λ₯Ό κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
if it broke.
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01:35
And phones are just one example of the many devices that we depend upon
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°κΈ°κ°€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜κ³  νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ΄ κ·Έ 일둀인데,
01:39
but can't test, take apart, or even fully understand.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” νœ΄λŒ€ν° ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈμ™€ λΆ„ν•΄λŠ” λ¬Όλ‘ , μž‘λ™ 원리쑰차 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
Cars, electronics, even toys are now so complicated and advanced
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μš”μ¦˜ λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” μžλ™μ°¨λ‚˜ μ „μžκΈ°κΈ°, 심지어 μž₯λ‚œκ°λ§ˆμ € λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ³ λ„ν™”λœ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€
01:48
that we're scared to open and fix them.
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κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό μ—΄κ³  κ³ μΉ˜λŠ” 건 엄두쑰차 λͺ» λ‚΄μ£ .
01:52
So here's the problem:
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”,
01:54
there's a disconnect between us and the technology that we use.
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κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μš°λ¦¬μ™€ 기술 κ°„μ˜ 이해관계가 μ „ν˜€ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
02:00
We're completely alienated from the devices that we most depend upon,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μž₯ μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°κΈ°λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ² μ €νžˆ μ†Œμ™Έλ˜λ©΄μ„œ
02:04
which can make us feel helpless and empty.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ†μˆ˜λ¬΄μ±…μ΄κ³  κ³΅ν—ˆν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
In fact, it's not surprising then that one study found
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ μ£½μŒλ³΄λ‹€ 기술이 더 무섭닀고
02:11
that we are now more afraid of technology
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02:14
than we are of death.
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λ°ν˜€λ‚Έ ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λ†€λžμ§€λ„ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:21
But I think that we can reconnect to our devices,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 기기에 μΉœμˆ™ν•΄μ§ˆ 수 있고
μ–΄λ–€ 면에선 κΈ°κΈ°κ°€ 인간 μΉœν™”μ μΌ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ³΄λŠ”λ°,
02:26
rehumanize them in a sense,
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02:28
by doing more hands-on experiments.
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직접 μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 많이 ν•΄ 보면 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
Why? Well, because an experiment is a procedure to test a hypothesis,
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ κ°€μ„€ 검증과 사싀 μž…μ¦μ˜ ν•œ 과정이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
02:37
demonstrate a fact.
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02:39
It's the way that we use our senses,
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μ‹€ν—˜μ€ 우리의 감각과 손을 톡해 우리λ₯Ό 세상과 μ—°κ²°ν•΄ μ£Όκ³ 
02:42
our hands,
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02:43
to connect the world
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μ„Έμƒμ˜ μž‘λ™ 원리λ₯Ό νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κ²Œ ν•΄ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
and figure out how it works.
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02:47
And that's the connection that we're missing.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ†“μΉ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 게 λ°”λ‘œ 이런 연결인 κ±°μ£ .
02:50
So let me give you an example.
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ν•˜λ‚˜ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦΄ 게 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
02:53
Here's an experiment that I did recently
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μ œκ°€ μ΅œκ·Όμ— ν•œ ν„°μΉ˜μŠ€ν¬λ¦°μ˜ μž‘λ™ 원리 νŒŒμ•… μ‹€ν—˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
to think about how a touchscreen works.
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02:57
It's just two metal plates,
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μ‹€ν—˜μš© κΈˆμ†νŒ 두 κ°œκ°€ 있고,
02:59
and I can put charge on one of the plates from a battery.
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그쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 배터리와 μ—°κ²°ν•΄ μΆ©μ „ν•΄ 보죠.
03:07
OK.
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λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
And I can measure the charge separation with this voltmeter here.
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그런 λ‹€μŒ μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ „μ••κ³„λ‘œ μ „ν•˜ 뢄리λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
Now -- let's make sure it's working.
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잘 λ˜λ‚˜ ν™•μΈν•΄λ³Όκ²Œμš”.
03:14
So when I wave my hand near the plates,
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κΈˆμ†νŒ κ°€κΉŒμ΄λ‘œ 손을 ν”λ“€μ—ˆλ”λ‹ˆ
03:16
you can see that the voltage changes
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전압이 λ³€ν•˜λŠ” 게 λ³΄μ΄μ‹œμ£ ?
03:18
just like the touchscreen responds to my hand.
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마치 손에 λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λŠ” ν„°μΉ˜μŠ€ν¬λ¦° κ°™μ£ .
03:21
But what is it about my hand? Now I need to do more experiments.
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그런데 이게 제 손과 무슨 μƒκ΄€μΌκΉŒμš”? μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 더 ν•΄λ΄μ•Όκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
So I can, say, take a piece of wood
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μ—¬κΈ° λ‚˜λ­‡κ°œλΉ„λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έλ‹€
03:27
and touch one of the plates and see that not much happens,
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κΈˆμ†νŒμ— λŒ€λ©΄ 별닀λ₯Έ λ°˜μ‘μ΄ μ—†μ£ ?
03:31
but if I take a piece of metal and touch the plate,
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그런데 κΈˆμ†μœΌλ‘œ 된 κ°œλΉ„μ™€ κΈˆμ†νŒμ΄ λ§Œλ‚˜λ©΄,
03:34
then the voltage changes dramatically.
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전압이 κΈ‰κ²©νžˆ λ³€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
So now I can do further experiments to see what the difference is
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μΆ”κ°€ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 톡해 λͺ©μž¬μ™€ κΈˆμ† 간에
03:40
between the wood and the metal,
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μ–΄λ–€ 차이가 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³Ό ν…λ°μš”,
03:41
and I should find out that the wood is not conducting
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λͺ©μž¬λŠ” μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό μ „λ„ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 반면
03:44
but the metal is conducting like my hand.
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κΈˆμ†μ€ 제 μ†μ²˜λŸΌ μ „κΈ° 전도가 잘 λ˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
And, you see, I build up my understanding.
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λ³΄μ…¨λ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 톡해 μ €λ§Œμ˜ 이해가 ꡬ좕됐죠.
03:49
Like, now I can see why I can't use a touchscreen with gloves,
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이젠 μ™œ μž₯갑을 끼면 ν„°μΉ˜μŠ€ν¬λ¦° μž‘λ™μ΄ μ•ˆ λ˜λŠ”μ§€ 이해가 λ˜λŠ”λ°,
03:52
because gloves aren't conducting.
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μž₯갑이 μ „κΈ° 전도λ₯Ό 막기 λ•Œλ¬ΈμΈ κ±Έ μ•ŒκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
03:55
But I've also broken down some of the mystery behind the technology
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λ˜ν•œ μ €λŠ” λ‚˜λ…ΈκΈ°μˆ μ—μ„œ 이해가 μ•ˆ 됐던 뢀뢄은 ν•˜λ‚˜μ”© νŒŒν—€μΉ˜λ©°
04:00
and built up my agency,
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μ €λ§Œμ˜ λ…μžμ„±μ„ ν‚€μ› κ³ ,
04:02
my personal input and interactions with the basis of my devices.
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기기의 기본적 원리와 μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜λ©° 연ꡬ 지식을 μΆ•μ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
But experimenting is a step beyond just taking things apart.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‹€ν—˜μ€ λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 물체λ₯Ό λΆ„λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ΄μƒμ˜ λ‹¨κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:12
It's testing and doing hands-on critical thinking.
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μ‹€ν—˜μ€ 검증과 싀증적, λΉ„νŒμ  μ‚¬κ³ μ˜ 과정이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
04:16
And it doesn't really matter whether I'm testing how a touchscreen works
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ν„°μΉ˜μŠ€ν¬λ¦°μ˜ μž‘λ™ 원리λ₯Ό κ²€μ¦ν•˜λ“ ,
04:19
or if I'm measuring how conducting different types of materials are,
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각기 λ‹€λ₯Έ 물질의 μœ λ„μ „μ••μ΄ 어떀지λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λ“ ,
04:23
or even if I'm just using my hands to see how hard it is to break
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제 손을 μ΄μš©ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ 물체의 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ‘κ»˜λ₯Ό λš«λŠ” 게
04:26
different thicknesses of materials.
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ–΄λ €μš΄μ§€ μ•Œλ“ , 그런건 크게 μ€‘μš”μΉ˜ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
In all cases, I'm gaining control and understanding
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이 λͺ¨λ“  과정을 톡해 μ œκ°€ μ“°λŠ” λ¬Όκ±΄λ“€μ˜ 기초λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³ 
04:32
of the basis of the things that I use.
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κ·Έκ±Έ μ œμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 κ°–μ·„λ‹€λŠ” 게 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
And there's research behind this.
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이λ₯Ό μž…μ¦ν•˜λŠ” 연ꡬ가 μžˆλŠ”λ°,
04:37
For one, I'm using my hands,
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일단 μ œκ°€ 손을 μ”€μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 웰빙이 증진될 수 μžˆκ³ μš”,
04:39
which seem to promote well-being.
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04:42
I'm also engaging in hands-on learning,
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λ˜ν•œ μ œκ°€ μ‹€ν—˜ μˆ˜μ—…μ— 적극적으둜 κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이
04:44
which has been shown to improve understanding and retention,
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이해와 κΈ°μ–΅λ ₯을 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚¨λ‹€κ³  증λͺ…λ˜μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
04:48
and even activate more parts of your brain.
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우리 λ‡Œμ˜ 더 λ§Žμ€ κΈ°λŠ₯이 ν™œμ„±ν™”λ˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ ν•˜μ£ .
04:52
So hands-on thinking through experiments
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν†΅ν•œ 싀증적 μ‚¬κ³ λŠ”
04:55
connects our understanding,
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우리의 이해λ ₯ 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ ν™œλ ₯을 λ¬Όμ§ˆκ³„ 및 사물과
04:57
even our sense of vitality,
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04:59
to the physical world and the things that we use.
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μ—°κ²°μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 역할을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
Looking things up on the internet
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인터넷 κ²€μƒ‰μœΌλ‘œλŠ” μ ˆλŒ€ 얻을 수 μ—†λŠ” 효과죠.
05:05
does not have the same effect.
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05:09
Now, for me this focus on experiments
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜ 쀑점적 νƒœλ„λŠ” 제게 μžˆμ–΄ κ°œμΈμ μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
is also personal.
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05:14
I didn't grow up doing experiments.
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μ œκ°€ 어릴 λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν–ˆλ˜ 건 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:16
I didn't know what a physicist did.
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λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžκ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 직업인지도 λͺ°λžκ³ μš”.
05:17
I remember my sister had a chemistry set that I always wanted to use
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μ €ν•œν…Œ μ—¬ν˜•μ œκ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ° μ œκ°€ 늘 νƒλ‚΄λ˜ ν™”ν•™μ‹€ν—˜ μ„ΈνŠΈλ₯Ό
05:21
but she never let me touch.
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손도 λͺ» λŒ€κ²Œ ν–ˆλ˜ 기얡이 λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
I felt mentally disconnected from the world
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λ‹Ήμ‹œμ—” 세상과 μ •μ‹ μ μœΌλ‘œ λ‹¨μ ˆλ˜λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
05:26
and didn't know why.
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κ·Έ 이유λ₯Ό μ•Œ 수 μ—†μ—ˆμ£ .
05:28
In fact, when I was nine years old,
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사싀 μ œκ°€ 9살일 λ•Œ
05:30
my grandmother called me a solipsist,
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ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μ €λ₯Ό μœ μ•„λ‘ μžλΌκ³  ν–ˆκ³ ,
05:32
which is something I had to look up.
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'μœ μ•„λ‘ μž'의 의미λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ΄€λ”λ‹ˆ
05:34
It means that you think that yourself is all that exists.
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세상에 μžμ‹ λ§Œμ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λœ»ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:39
And at the time I was pretty offended,
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κ·Έ 땐 κ·Έ 말에 정말 μƒμ²˜ λ°›μ•˜μ£ .
05:41
because whose grandmother calls them that?
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μ–΄λ–€ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ 손녀λ₯Ό κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λΆ€λ₯΄λ‚˜μš”?
05:43
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:46
But I think that it was true.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κΈˆμ€ κ·Έ 말이 λ§žλŠ” 것 κ°™μ•„μš”.
05:50
And it wasn't until years later,
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κ·Έλ‘œλΆ€ν„° λͺ‡ 년이 μ§€λ‚˜
05:52
when I was in college and studying basic physics,
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λŒ€ν•™μ— κ°€κ³  κΈ°μ΄ˆλ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μ„ μˆ˜ν•™ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
05:55
that I had a revelation
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μ–΄λ–€ 진리λ₯Ό κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜λŠ”λ°,
05:57
that the world,
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세상이,
05:58
at least the physical world,
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적어도 물리계 λ§ŒνΌμ€ μ‹€ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ 이해할 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것과,
06:00
could be tested and understood,
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06:02
that I started to gain a completely different sense
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ„Έμƒμ˜ μ΄μΉ˜μ™€ 세상에 μžλ¦¬ν•œ μ €μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄
06:05
of how the world worked
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06:06
and what my place was in it.
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180도 λ‹€λ₯Έ 생각을 κ°–κ²Œ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:08
And then later, when I was able my own testing
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이후 제 연ꡬ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•  수 있게 되고
06:11
and understanding through research,
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연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 μ΄ν•΄μ˜ 저변을 λ„“ν˜€κ°€λ©°
06:13
a big part of my connection to the world was complete.
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저와 μ„Έμƒμ˜ κ΄€κ³„μ—μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 뢀뢄을 μ±„μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
Now, I know that not everyone is an experimental physicist by profession,
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λ¬Όλ‘  우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ‹€ν—˜λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆλ”λΌλ„
06:22
but I think that everyone could be doing more hands-on experiments.
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ“ μ§€ 직접 μ‹€ν—˜μ— λ‚˜μ„€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
And actually I think we sort of --
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그리고 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ,
06:28
I'll give you another example.
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μ‹€μ œ 사둀λ₯Ό λ“€κ»˜μš”.
06:32
I was recently working with some middle school students,
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μ΅œκ·Όμ— 쀑학생 λͺ‡ λͺ…κ³Ό μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
helping them learn about magnetism,
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아이듀이 μžμ„±μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ—…μ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
06:37
and I gave them a Magna Doodle to take apart.
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각 ν•™μƒμ—κ²Œ μ‹€ν—˜ν•  μžμ„ κ·Έλ¦ΌνŒμ„ 쀬죠.
06:41
Remember one of these things?
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이거 κΈ°μ–΅λ‚˜μ„Έμš”?
06:46
So at first, none of them wanted to touch it.
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μ²˜μŒμ—” 아이듀이 μžμ„νŒμ— μ†λŒˆ 생각도 μ•ˆ ν–ˆμ£ .
06:50
They'd been told for so long not to break things
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이전뢀터 물건을 λΆ€μˆ˜λ©΄ μ•ˆλœλ‹€λŠ” 말만 λ“€μ—ˆκΈ°μ—
06:53
that they're accustomed to just passive using.
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물건을 λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” 데 μ†Œκ·Ήμ μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
06:56
But then I started asking them questions.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ 이런 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ λ˜μ‘Œμ–΄μš”.
06:58
You know, how does it work? What parts are magnetic?
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"μžμ„νŒμ˜ μž‘λ™ μ›λ¦¬λŠ”?" "μžμ„±μ€ 어디에 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?"
07:01
Can you make a hypothesis and test it?
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"가섀을 μ„Έμš°κ³  μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•΄ 볼까?"
07:03
But they still didn't want to break it open.
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κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 아이듀은 λΆ„ν•΄μ—” 관심이 μ—†κ³ 
07:05
They wanted to take it home with them, really.
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κ·Έκ±Έ μ§‘μœΌλ‘œ κ°€μ Έκ°€κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”. μ •λ§λ‘œμš”.
07:08
Until, one kid finally sliced it through and found really cool stuff inside.
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ν•œ 학생이 μžμ„νŒμ„ 잘라 정말 ν₯미둜운 κ±Έ λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κΈ° μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ”μš”.
07:13
And so this is something we can do here together.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 μžμ„νŒμœΌλ‘œ 저희가 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‹€ν—˜ν•΄ λ³Ό ν…λ°μš”.
07:15
They're pretty easy to take apart.
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κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ λΆ„ν•΄ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:20
See, there's a magnet inside, and I can just cut this open.
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λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄ μ•ˆμ— μžμ„μ΄ λΆ™μ–΄μžˆκ³  이 νŒμ„ 자λ₯Ό 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:29
Cut it open again, you can split it.
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2018
ν•œ 번 더 자λ₯Έ λ‹€μŒ μͺΌκ°­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:31
OK, so when I do that -- I don't know if you can see this,
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λ³΄μ…¨λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ λ­”κ°€ μ§ˆν½ν•˜κ³  ν•˜μ–€ 게 λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°μš”,
07:35
but there is sort of -- there it is, this oozy white stuff in here.
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07:39
Now you can see it on my finger.
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그게 제 손가락에 λ¬»μ–΄λ‚¬λ„€μš”.
07:40
And when I drag the pen on it,
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그런 λ‹€μŒ μ—¬κΈΈ 펜으둜 μ“± 내리면
07:47
you can see that these filaments are attached to it.
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ν•„λΌλ©˜νŠΈκ°€ 뢙은 κ±Έ λ³Ό 수 있죠.
07:51
So the kids saw this,
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아이듀이 이걸 λ³΄λ”λ‹ˆ
07:53
and at this point they're like, this is really cool.
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정말 μ‹ κΈ°ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” λ°˜μ‘κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 관심을 λ³΄μ˜€κ³ ,
07:55
They got excited.
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07:56
They all started ripping them open and taking them apart
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λˆ„κ΅¬ ν•  것 없이 κ·Έλ¦ΌνŒμ„ λœ―μ–΄ λΆ„ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
07:59
and yelling out the things that they discovered,
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μžμ„ ν•„λΌλ©˜νŠΈμ™€ μžμ„ 펜의 μ—°κ²° 원리와
08:02
how these magnetic filaments connected to the magnetic pen
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펜의 μž‘λ™ 원리λ₯Ό 슀슀둜 λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³€ μ†Œλ¦¬μΉ˜λ©° μžλž‘ν–ˆμ£ .
08:06
and that's how it wrote.
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08:07
Or, how the oozy white stuff kept things dispersed so it could write.
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또 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이 ν•˜μ–€ 게 νΌμ Έμ„œ μžμ„νŒμ— 글씨가 λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ”μ§€λ„μš”.
08:12
And as they were leaving the room,
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μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ λλ‚˜κ³  λ‹€λ“€ λ‚˜κ°€λŠ”λ°
08:13
two of them turned to me and said,
159
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2018
학생 두 λͺ…이 제게 μ™€μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
08:15
"We loved that.
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"μ„ μƒλ‹˜, 였늘 λ„ˆλ¬΄ μž¬λ°Œμ–΄μ„œ
08:17
Me and her are going home this weekend to do more experiments."
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이번 주말에 저희끼리 μ§‘μ—μ„œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ’€ 더 ν•΄ λ³΄λ €κ³ μš”."
08:21
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:26
Yeah, I know, the parents in there are worried about it,
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λ„€, λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜λ“€μ€ 뭘 κ±±μ •ν•˜μ‹œλŠ”μ§€ 잘 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
but it's a good thing!
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ 긍정적인 μΌμ΄μž–μ•„μš”!
08:31
Experimenting is good, and actually I found it extremely gratifying,
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μ‹€ν—˜μ€ μœ μ΅ν•  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ 즐거운 κ±°κ³ ,
08:35
and I think hopefully it was very life-enriching for them.
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ 삢을 ν’μš”λ‘­κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³ λ„ μƒκ°ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
08:40
Because, even a basic magnet
167
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 일반적인 μžμ„λ„
08:43
is something that we can experiment with at home.
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μ§‘μ—μ„œ μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ μ‹€ν—˜ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 도ꡬ이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
08:45
They're both simple and complex at the same time.
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μžμ„μ΄ λ‹¨μˆœν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν•œνŽΈ λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
08:49
For example, you can ask yourself,
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μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œμ—κ²Œ μ§ˆλ¬Έν•œλ‹€κ³  치죠.
08:51
how can the same material both attract and repel?
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"μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 같은 물질인데 λ™μ‹œμ— λ°€κ³  λ‹ΉκΈΈ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?"
08:54
If I take a magnet, is it useful if I can get one of them
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"κ°€λ Ή μžμ„μ΄ 두 개라면 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€λ₯Ό
08:58
to rotate the other, for example?
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νšŒμ „ν•˜λŠ” 게 μ“Έλͺ¨κ°€ μžˆμ„κΉŒ?"
09:01
Or, you can take this dollar bill over here,
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λ˜λŠ” μ§€νλŠ” 여기에 λ‘” 채 μžμ„ μ„ΈνŠΈλ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜€λ©΄
09:04
and I can take a set of magnets,
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09:06
and you can see that the dollar bill gets lifted by the magnets.
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μžμ„μ΄ 지폐λ₯Ό λŒμ–΄λ‹ΉκΈ°λŠ” κ±Έ 확인할 수 μžˆλŠ”λ°
09:11
There's magnetic ink hidden in here that prevents counterfeiting.
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μœ„μ‘° λ°©μ§€μš© μž‰ν¬ μžμ„μ΄ 지폐 μ•ˆμ— λ“€μ–΄μžˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
09:15
Or, here I have some crushed-up bran cereal. OK?
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μ—¬κΈ° 또 으깬 λ°€κΈ°μšΈ μ‹œλ¦¬μ–Όμ΄ 보이싀 텐데,
09:18
And that's also magnetic. Right?
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μžμ„μ— λΆ™μ£ ?
09:21
That has iron in it.
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μ‹œλ¦¬μ–Όμ— 철뢄이 ν•¨μœ λΌ μžˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
09:24
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:25
And that can be good for you, right?
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건강에 μ’‹μ€κ±°λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
09:27
OK, here's something else.
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μ—¬κΈ° 또 λ­”κ°€κ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°,
09:29
This thing over here is not magnetic.
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이건 μžμ„±μ„ 띠지 μ•Šμ•„μ„œ
09:31
I can't lift it up with the magnet.
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μžμ„μœΌλ‘œ κΏˆμ©λ„ μ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:34
But now I'm going to make it cold.
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이걸 μ°¨κ°‘κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ³Όκ²Œμš”.
09:36
The same thing in here, cold,
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μ—¬κΈ° λ˜‘κ°™μ€ 것도 μ°¨κ°‘κ²Œ ν•  κ±°κ³ μš”.
09:38
and when I make it cold,
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이게 μ°¨κ°€μ›Œμ§€λ©΄
09:45
and put it on top of the magnet,
189
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μžμ„ μœ„μ— 올릴 κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
09:49
so --
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λλ„€μš”.
09:50
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
09:52
It's amazing.
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μ‹ κΈ°ν•˜μ£ ?
09:57
That's not magnetic,
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μžμ„±μ΄ μ—†μŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
09:59
but somehow it's interacting with a magnet.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ—°μœ μ—μ„œμΈμ§€ μžμ„μ— λ°˜μ‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
10:02
So clearly understanding this is going to take many more experiments.
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이에 λŒ€ν•œ λͺ…ν™•ν•œ 이해λ₯Ό ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 더 λ§Žμ€ μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜κ² μ£ .
10:06
In fact, this is something that I've spent much of my career studying.
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사싀 제 연ꡬ 이λ ₯의 큰 뢀뢄을 μ°¨μ§€ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λŠ” 이것은
10:10
It's called a superconductor.
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μ΄ˆμ „λ„μ²΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:12
Now, superconductors can be complex,
198
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μ΄ˆμ „λ„μ²΄κ°€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ ΅κ³  λ³΅μž‘ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
10:15
but even simple experiments can connect us better to the world.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜ λͺ‡ 번으둜 λ¬Όμ§ˆκ³„μ™€μ˜ 연결이 더 μˆ˜μ›”ν•΄μ§€μ£ .
10:20
So now if I tell you that flash memory works by rotating small magnets,
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ μ†Œν˜• μžμ„μ˜ νšŒμ „μœΌλ‘œ ν”Œλž˜μ‹œ λ©”λͺ¨λ¦¬κ°€ μž‘λ™λœλ‹€κ³  λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬λ©΄
10:25
then you can imagine it. You've seen it.
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이젠 상상이 κ°€μ‹œμ£ . 이미 μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 톡해 λ³΄μ…¨μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
10:27
Or, if I say that MRI machines
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λ˜λŠ” MRI μž₯λΉ„κ°€ μžμ„±μœΌλ‘œ
10:29
use magnetism to rotate magnetic particles in your body,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€ 신체 λ‚΄ μžμ„ μž…μžλ₯Ό νšŒμ „μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 거라고 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬λ©΄
10:34
you've seen it done.
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λ³΄μ…¨μœΌλ‹ˆ 이젠 이해가 λ˜μ‹€κ±°κ³ μš”.
10:36
You've interacted with the technology and understood the basis of these devices.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λ‚˜λ…ΈκΈ°μˆ κ³Ό μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ€ λ¬Όλ‘ , κΈ°κΈ°λ“€μ˜ μ›λ¦¬κΉŒμ§€ ν„°λ“ν•œ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
10:45
Now, I know that it's hard to add more things to our lives,
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μ‚Άμ—μ„œ λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό 더 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 게 μ‰¬μš΄ 일은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
10:51
especially experiments.
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특히 μ‹€ν—˜μ΄λΌλ©΄ λ”λ”μš±μš”.
10:54
But I think that the challenge is worth it.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‹€ν—˜μ€ κ·ΈλŸ΄λ§Œν•œ κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
Think about how something works, then take it apart to test it.
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μ‚¬λ¬Όμ˜ μž‘λ™ 원리λ₯Ό 생각해본 λ’€ λΆ„ν•΄ν•˜κ³ , μ‹€ν—˜ν•΄ λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
11:01
Manipulate something and prove some physical principle to yourself.
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사물을 λŠ₯μˆ™ν•˜κ²Œ 닀루고 μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œμ—κ²Œ 물리적 원리λ₯Ό 증λͺ…ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
11:06
Put the human back in the technology.
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ κΈ°μˆ μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λ‹€μ‹œ 되돌렀 λ†‰μ‹œλ‹€.
11:10
You'll be surprised at the connections that you make.
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μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό 기술의 관계에 κ°νƒ„ν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:13
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:15
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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