Ian Dunbar: Dog-friendly dog training

258,234 views ใƒป 2008-08-21

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: kim sarah ๊ฒ€ํ† : Ji hyun Lee
00:16
Dogs have interests.
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๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
They have interest sniffing each other, chasing squirrels.
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€ํŽธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ํ‚ํ‚๋Œ€๊ณ  ๋งก๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋‹ค๋žŒ์ฅ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ซ“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
And if we don't make that a reward in training, that will be a distraction.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
It's always sort of struck me as really a scary thought
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๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
that if you see a dog in a park, and the owner is calling it,
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๊ณต์›์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ดค๋‹ค๊ณ  ์นฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฐ์š”.
00:38
and the owner says, you know, "Puppy, come here, come here,"
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์ฃผ์ธ์€ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ , ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ์š”, "๋ฉ๋ฉ์•„, ์ด๋ฆฌ ์™€, ์ด๋ฆฌ ์˜ค๋ ด."
00:41
and the dog thinks, "Hmm, interesting.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์Œ, ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ตฐ.
00:44
I'm sniffing this other dog's rear end, the owner's calling."
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์ด ๊ฐœ์˜ ์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์ธ๋ฐ, ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹จ ๋ง์ด์•ผ.
00:48
It's a difficult choice, right?
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๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต๊ตฐ." ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
00:50
Rear end, owner. Rear end wins.
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์—‰๋ฉ์ด, ์ฃผ์ธ. ์—‰๋ฉ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒผ๊ตฐ์š”.
00:52
I mean, you lose.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
00:54
You cannot compete with the environment,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
00:57
if you have an adolescent dog's brain.
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์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
00:59
So, when we train, we're always trying to take into account
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:03
the dog's point of view.
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๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ.
01:05
Now, I'm here largely because
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์ž ์ด์ œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜จ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
01:07
there's kind of a rift in dog training at the moment
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๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ดด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๋ฐ,
01:10
that -- on one side, we have people who think that you train a dog,
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์–ด๋Š ํ•œ ์ชฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ
01:14
number one, by making up rules, human rules.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ทœ์น™, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
We don't take the dog's point of view into account.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
So the human says, "You're going to act this way, damn it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . "๋„Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ๋นŒ์–ด๋จน์„.
01:23
We're going to force you to act against your will, to bend to our will."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ, ์–ต์ง€๋กœ๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ• ํ…Œ๋‹ค."
01:27
Then, number two, we keep these rules a secret from the dog.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ, ๋‘˜์งธ. ์ฃผ์ธ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ •ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋น„๋ฐ€๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
And then number three, now we can punish the dog
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์…‹์งธ. ์ด์ œ ๊ฐœ๋Š”
01:33
for breaking rules he didn't even know existed.
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์• ์‹œ๋‹น์ดˆ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ธด ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฒŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
So you get a little puppy, he comes. His only crime is he grew.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ฃ„๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€์š”.
01:40
When he was a little puppy, he puts his paws on your leg --
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์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์˜€๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์— ๋ฐœํ†ฑ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
01:43
you know, isn't that nice?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๊ท€์—ฝ์ฃ ?
01:45
And you go, "Oh, there's a good boy."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ . "์•„, ๊ท€์—ฌ์šด ๋†ˆ."
01:47
You bend down, you pat him -- you reward him for jumping up.
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๋ชธ์„ ๊ตฝํ˜€ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋›ฐ์–ด์˜ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
His one mistake is he's a Tibetan mastiff, and a few months later,
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ผ๋ฉด ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ‹ฐ๋ฒ ํƒ„ ๋งˆ์Šค์น˜ํ”„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:55
he weighs, you know, 80 pounds.
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๋ชธ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋Š”, ์Œ, 80ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
Every time he jumps up, he gets all sorts of abuse.
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋›ฐ์–ด์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐ–์€ ๋ฒŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
I mean, it is really very, very scary the abuse that dogs get.
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์„ ํ•™๋Œ€๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋”์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
So, this whole dominance issue -- number one,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด์ง€์š”. ์ฒซ์งธ,
02:10
what we get in dog training is this Mickey-Mouse interpretation
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€
02:13
of a very complicated social system.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฏธํ‚ค๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
And they take this stuff seriously.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€์š”.
02:18
Male dogs are very serious about a hierarchy,
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์ˆ˜์บ๋Š” ์„œ์—ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ๋ฐ,
02:20
because it prevents physical fights.
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ถฉ๋Œ์„ ๋ง‰์•„์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
02:23
Of course, female dogs, bitches, on the other hand,
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ์•”์บ (์—ญ์ฃผ: ๋น„์†์–ด๋กœ 'bitch')์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
02:26
have several bitch amendments to male hierarchical rule.
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์ˆ˜์บ๋“ค์˜ ์„œ์—ด ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ž๊ธฐ๋„ค ๋ฐฉ์‹๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์นœ ๊ทœ์น™๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
The number one is, "I have it, you don't."
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์ฒซ์งธ, "๋‚˜์—๊ฒ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋„Œ ์—†์ž–์•„."
02:31
And what you will find is a very, very low-ranking bitch
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์น  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์„œ์—ด์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์•”์บ๋Š”
02:35
will quite easily keep a bone away from a high-ranking male.
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์„œ์—ด์ด ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์บ์™€ ์‰ฝ์‚ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žฆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
So, we get in dog training this notion of dominances,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ํŠน์ถœํ•œ ๊ฐœ์˜ '์ง€๋ฐฐ ๊ฐœ๋…'์„ ์• ๊ฒฌ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์— ๋„์ž…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
or of the alpha dog. I'm sure that you've heard this.
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๋ถ„๋ช… ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Dogs get so abused.
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌํ•œ ๋ฒŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Dogs, horses and humans --
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๊ฐœ, ๋ง, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„.
02:49
these are the three species which are so abused in life.
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์‹ฌํ•œ ํ•™๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์„ธ ์ข…์กฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
And the reason is built into their behavior --
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
is to always come back and apologize.
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๋Š˜ ์›์  ํšŒ๊ท€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
02:57
Like, "Oh, I'm sorry you had to beat me. I'm really sorry, yes, it's my fault."
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ์š”. "์•„, ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋‹ˆ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด. ์ •๋ง ์œ ๊ฐ์ด์•ผ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚ด ์ž˜๋ชป์ด์•ผ."
03:00
They are just so beatable,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ตด๋ณตํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
and that's why they get beaten.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
03:04
The poor puppy jumps up, you open the dog book, what does it say?
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๊ฐ€์—ฌ์šด ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋›ฐ์–ด์˜ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐœ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ์„œ์ ์„ ํŽผ์น˜์ง€์š”, ์ฑ…์—๋Š” ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์จ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:09
"Hold his front paws, squeeze his front paws,
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"์•ž๋ฐœ์„ ์ฅ”๋‹ค, ์•ž๋ฐœ์„ ๊ฝ‰ ์ฅ”๋‹ค,
03:11
stamp on his hind feet, squirt him in the face with lemon juice,
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๋’ท๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ๋Š”๋‹ค, ๊ฐœ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ๋ ˆ๋ชฌ์ฆ™์„ ์œ๋‹ค,
03:15
hit him on the head with a rolled-up newspaper,
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๋Œ๋Œ ๋งŒ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์ง€๋กœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค,
03:17
knee him in the chest, flip him over backwards."
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๊ฐ€์ŠดํŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋•…์— ๋‹ฟ๊ฒŒ ์—Ž๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ, ๋“ฑ์ด ๋•…์— ๋‹ฟ๊ฒŒ ๋ชธ์„ ๋’ค์ง‘๋Š”๋‹ค."
03:19
Because he grew?
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ?
03:21
And because he's performing a behavior you've trained him to do?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋ฐ›์€ ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—?
03:24
This is insanity.
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๋ฏธ์นœ ์ง“์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
I ask owners, "Well, how would you like the dog to greet you?"
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ฃผ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์Œ, ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
03:30
And people say, "Well, I don't know, to sit, I guess."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”, ์•„๋งˆ ์•‰์•„์„œ?"
03:33
I said, "Let's teach him to sit."
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์ „ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ . "์•‰๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์„ธ์š”."
03:35
And then we give him a reason for sitting.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ์•‰์„ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Because the first stage
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š”
03:42
is basically teaching a dog ESL.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:45
I could speak to you and say, "Laytay-chai, paisey, paisey."
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๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. "๋ผ์ดํƒ€์ด-์ฐจ์ด, ํŽ˜์ œ์ด, ํŽ˜์ œ์ด."
03:50
Go on, something should happen now.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ ์ฐจ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Why aren't you responding? Oh, you don't speak Swahili.
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์™œ ์•„๋ฌด ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์—†์ฃ ? ์•„, ์Šค์™€ํž๋ฆฌ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹œ๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:55
Well, I've got news for you.
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์Œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
The dog doesn't speak English, or American, or Spanish, or French.
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด, ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
So the first stage in training is to teach the dog ESL,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•  ๋•Œ ์ œ์ผ ๋จผ์ € ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
04:05
English as a second language.
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์ œ2์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
04:07
And that's how we use the food lure in the hand,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์†์— ๋“  ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜นํ•  ๋•Œ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ๋ฐ,
04:09
and we use food because we're dealing with owners.
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๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ์ฃผ์ธ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
My wife doesn't need food -- she's a great trainer,
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์ œ ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์กฐ๋ จ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”,
04:14
much better than I am.
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์ €๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
04:15
I don't need food, but the average owner says,
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์ €๋„ ๋จน์ด๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ฃผ์ธ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
04:18
"Puppy, sit."
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"๋ฉ๋ฉ์•„, ์•‰์•„."
04:20
Or they go, "Sit, sit, sit."
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ์š”. "์•‰์•„, ์•‰์•„, ์•‰์•„."
04:22
They're making a hand signal in front of the dog's rectum for some reason,
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ด์œ ์—์„œ์ธ์ง€ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์—‰๋ฉ์ด ์•ž์— ๋Œ€๊ณ  ์†์‹œ๋Š‰์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
04:25
like the dog has a third eye there -- it's insane.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์—‰๋ฉ์ด์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”. ์ •์‹  ๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ์ง“์ด์ฃ .
04:28
You know, "Sit, sit."
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ์š”. "์•‰์•„, ์•‰์•„."
04:30
No, we go, "Puppy, sit" -- boom, it's got it in six to 10 trials.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ , ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ์š”. "๋ฉ๋ฉ์•„, ์•‰์•„." ํƒ•, 6~10๋ฒˆ์€ ํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
Then we phase out the food as a lure,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ฐจ์ฐจ ๋ฏธ๋ผ๋กœ ๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
04:36
and now the dog knows that "sit" means sit,
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐœ๋Š” "์•‰์•„"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์•‰์œผ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ธ ์ค„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
and you can actually communicate to a dog
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์™€ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ ,
04:40
in a perfectly constructed English sentence.
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
04:42
"Phoenix, come here, take this, and go to Jamie, please."
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"ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค, ์ด๋ฆฌ ์™€, ์ด๊ฑฐ ๋ฌผ์–ด, ์ด์ œ ์ œ์ด๋ฏธ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€ ๋ด."
04:46
And I've taught her "Phoenix," "come here," "take this," "go to"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ 'ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค', '์ด๋ฆฌ ์™€', '์ด๊ฑฐ ๋ฌผ์–ด', '๊ฐ€ ๋ด'์™€
04:49
and the name of my son, "Jamie."
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์•„๋“ค ์ด๋ฆ„ '์ œ์ด๋ฏธ'๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
And the dog can take a note,
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
04:53
and I've got my own little search-and-rescue dog.
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๋‚˜๋งŒ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ํƒ์ƒ‰ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฒฌ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
04:55
He'll find Jamie wherever he is, you know,
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ œ์ด๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ๋“  ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,
04:57
wherever kids are, crushing rocks by a stream or something,
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์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋“ , ๊ธ‰๋ฅ˜๋‚˜ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์— ๋– ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”์œ„ ํ‹ˆ์— ๋ผ์–ด์žˆ๋“ ,
04:59
and take him a little message that says,
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
05:01
"Hey, dinner's ready. Come in for dinner."
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"์ด๋ด, ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ๋‹ค ๋์–ด. ์™€์„œ ๋ฐฅ ๋จน์–ด."
05:04
So, at this point, the dog knows what we want it to do.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์ด ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ, ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ญ”์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
Will it do it?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
05:09
Not necessarily, no.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ๊ผญ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ์€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
As I said, if he's in the park and there's a rear end to sniff,
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์•„๊นŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:14
why come to the owner?
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๋ญํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ์ฃผ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:16
The dog lives with you, the dog can get you any time.
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์–ด์ฐจํ”ผ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณผ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ, ์•„๋ฌด ๋•Œ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:19
The dog can sniff your butt, if you like, when he wants to.
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์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋„ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚ด์ผœํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋งก๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ์—.
05:22
At the moment, he's in the park, and you are competing
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์›์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์€
05:24
with smells, and other dogs, and squirrels.
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋žŒ์ฅ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
So the second stage in training is to teach the dog to want to do
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์˜ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ
05:31
what we want him to do, and this is very easy.
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์ฃผ์ธ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„์›Œ์„œ ๋–ก ๋จน๊ธฐ์ด์ฃ .
05:34
We use the Premack principle.
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'ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋งฅ์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
Basically, we follow a low-frequency behavior --
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ–‰๋™
05:38
one the dog doesn't want to do --
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(๊ฐœ๋Š” ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”)
05:40
by a high-frequency behavior, commonly known as a behavior problem,
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋†’์€ ๋นˆ๋„์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ '๋ฌธ์ œ ํ–‰๋™' ๋˜๋Š”
05:44
or a dog hobby -- something the dog does like to do.
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'๊ฐœ์˜ ์ทจ๋ฏธ'๋ผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
05:48
That will then become a reward for the lower-frequency behavior.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฉด ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋นˆ๋„์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
So we go, "sit," on the couch; "sit," tummy-rub; "sit,"
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†ŒํŒŒ ์œ„์—์„œ "์•‰์•„.", ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธ์–ด์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ "์•‰์•„."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:55
look, I throw a tennis ball; "sit," say hello to that other dog.
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์ž, ์ €๋Š” ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค๊ณต์„ ๋˜์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•‰์•„." ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
Yes, we put "sniff butt" on queue.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, "์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๋งค๋‹ˆ์•„""๋’ท๊ฝ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์•„"๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
"Sit," sniff butt.
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"์•‰์•„." ์—‰๋ฉ์ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
So now all of these distractions that worked against training
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์— ๋ฐฉํ•ด์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ค๋ฝ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
06:07
now become rewards that work for training.
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์ด์ œ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ๊ธฐ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
And what we're doing, in essence, is we're teaching the dog, kind of like --
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๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:15
we're letting the dog think that the dog is training us.
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๋˜๋ ค ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ธ์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
And I can imagine this dog, you know,
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค,
06:20
speaking through the fence to, say, an Akita,
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์•„ํ‚ค๋‹ค๊ฒฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
saying, "Wow, my owners, they are so incredibly easy to train.
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"์šฐ์™€, ์ฃผ์ธ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ์ œ์ผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ข…์กฑ์ธ ๊ฑธ.
06:26
They're like Golden Retrievers.
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๊ณจ๋“ ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„ ๊ฐ™์ž–์•„.
06:28
All I have to do is sit, and they do everything.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•‰๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ „๋ถ€ ๋‹ค ํ•ด์ฃผ๋‹ˆ ๋ง์ด์•ผ.
06:30
They open doors, they drive my car, they massage me,
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๋ฌธ๋„ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ , ์ฐจ์—๋„ ํƒœ์›Œ์ฃผ๊ณ , ์ฃผ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ,
06:34
they will throw tennis balls,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค๊ณต๋„ ๋˜์ ธ์ฃผ๊ณ ,
06:36
they will cook for me and serve the food.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋จน์„ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋„ ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ–๋‹ค๋ฐ”์น˜๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฑธ.
06:38
It's like, if I just sit, that's my command.
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์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด, ์•‰๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ช…๋ นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋กœ๊ตฐ.
06:41
Then I have my own personal doorman,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ „์† ์ˆ˜์œ„์—,
06:43
chauffeur, masseuse, chef and waiter."
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์šด์ „๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—, ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์‚ฌ์—, ์š”๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์™€ ์›จ์ดํ„ฐ ๋…ธ๋ฆ‡๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”๊ตฐ."
06:47
And now the dog's really happy.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์‹ ์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
And this, to me, is always what training is.
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์ „ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
So we really motivate the dog to want to do it,
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
such that the need for punishment seldom comes up.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ๋“œ๋ฌผ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:59
Now we move to phase three, when now --
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์ž, ์ด์ œ 3๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
07:02
there's times, you know, when daddy knows best.
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์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์ผ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
And I have a little sign on my fridge, and it says,
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์ „ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์— ์ž‘์€ ๊ธ€๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์—ฌ๋†จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
"Because I'm the daddy, that's why."
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"์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋‚œ ์•„๋น ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ."
07:09
Sorry, no more explanation. "I'm the daddy, you're not. Sit."
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋” ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ์—†๊ตฐ์š”. "๋‚œ ์•„๋น ์•ผ, ๋„Œ ์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ , (๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ) ์•‰์•„."
07:13
And there's times, for example,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
if my son's friends leave the door open,
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์•„๋“ค๋…€์„์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์–ด๋†“์œผ๋ฉด
07:18
the dogs have to know you don't step across this line.
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
This is a life-or-death thing.
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์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
07:24
You leave this, the sanctity of your house,
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ๋– ๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ–์„ ๋‚˜์„œ๋ฉด
07:27
and you could be hit on the street.
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๊ธธ์—์„œ ์ฐจ์— ์น˜์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
So some things we have to let the dog know,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค˜์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€์š”.
07:31
"You mustn't do this."
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"์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ผ."
07:33
And so we have to enforce, but without force.
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๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌด๋ ฅ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
People here get very confused about what a punishment is.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ชจ์ธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋™์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
07:42
They think a punishment is something nasty.
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
I bet a lot of you do, right?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹คํ…Œ๊ณ ์š”, ์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฐ€์š”?
07:46
You think it's something painful, or scary, or nasty.
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์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์€ ์–ด์จŒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„ํ”„๊ณ , ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
07:49
It doesn't have to be.
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๊ผญ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ์€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
There's several definitions of what a punishment is,
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์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์˜ ์ •์˜์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
but one definition, the most popular, is:
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ •์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
07:56
a punishment is a stimulus that reduces the immediately preceding behavior,
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์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง์ „์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๊ทน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
such that it's less likely to occur in the future.
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
08:05
It does not have to be nasty, scary or painful.
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์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์ด ๊ผญ ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„ํ”ˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
And I would say, if it doesn't have to be, then maybe it shouldn't be.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
I was working with a very dangerous dog about a year ago.
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ํ•œ 1๋…„ ์ „์ธ๊ฐ€, ์•„์ฃผ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚จ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
And this was a dog that put both his owners in hospital,
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์ด ๊ฐœ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ์ธ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก ,
08:21
plus the brother-in-law, plus the child.
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์ฒ˜๋‚จ, ์•„์ด๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณ‘์› ์‹ ์„ธ๋ฅผ ์กŒ์ง€์š”.
08:23
And I only agreed to work with it if they promised it would stay in their house,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ง‘ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ 
08:26
and they never took it outside.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์•ฝ์†์„ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
The dog is actually euthanized now,
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๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋ฝ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
but this was a dog I worked with for a while.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž ๊น ๋™์•ˆ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œ์ผฐ๋˜ ๊ฐœ์˜€์ง€์š”.
08:32
A lot of the aggression happened around the kitchen,
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—Œ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
so while I was there -- this was on the fourth visit --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ง‘์„ ๋„ค ์ฐจ๋ก€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๋™์•ˆ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
we did a four and a half hour down-stay, with the dog on his mat.
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๊ฐœ๋ฅผ 4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งคํŠธ ์œ„์— ์•‰์•„์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
08:41
And he was kept there by the owner's calm insistence.
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์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋ฌต๋ฌตํžˆ ๋ช…๋ นํ•˜์ž ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋งคํŠธ ์œ„์— ๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
When the dog would try to leave the mat,
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋งคํŠธ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
08:48
she would say, "Rover, on the mat, on the mat, on the mat."
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์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋กœ๋ฒ„, ๋งคํŠธ ์œ„, ๋งคํŠธ ์œ„, ๋งคํŠธ ์œ„."
08:52
The dog broke his down-stay 22 times in four and a half hours, while she cooked dinner,
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” 4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์•ˆ 22๋ฒˆ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ์–ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
because we had a lot of aggression related towards food.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์€ ์Œ์‹ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:01
The breaks got fewer and fewer.
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๋ช…๋ น์„ ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ ์  ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
You see, the punishment was working.
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์ฆ‰, ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
The behavior problem was going away.
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๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
She never raised her voice.
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์ฃผ์ธ๋„ ๋ชฉ์ฒญ์„ ๋†’์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ์š”.
09:10
If she did, she would have got bitten.
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ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฉด ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:13
It's not a good dog you shout at.
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
And a lot of my friends train really neat animals,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:18
grizzly bears -- if you've ever seen a grizzly bear
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ํšŒ์ƒ‰๊ณฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, TV๋‚˜ ์˜ํ™”์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํšŒ์ƒ‰๊ณฐ์€
09:20
on the telly or in film, then it's a friend of mine who's trained it --
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์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚จ ๋…€์„์ด๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
killer whales. I love it because it wires you up.
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๋ฒ”๊ณ ๋ž˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ . ์ด๋…€์„๋“ค์€ ์ œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์—…๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
How are you going to reprimand a grizzly bear?
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ํšŒ์ƒ‰๊ณฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•ผ๋‹จ์„ ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:28
"Bad bear, bad bear!" Voom!
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"๋ชป๋œ ๊ณฐ, ๋ชป๋œ ๊ณฐ!" ์พ…!
09:30
Your head now is 100 yards away, sailing through the air, OK?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ—ˆ๊ณต์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ 100์•ผ๋“œ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์ฃ , ์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฐ€์š”?
09:35
This is crazy.
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์ •์‹  ๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ์ง“์ด์ฃ .
09:37
So, where do we go from here?
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
09:39
We want a better way.
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์ฃผ์ธ์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
Dogs deserve better.
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๊ฐœ๋„ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋Œ€์ ‘์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ๋งˆ๋•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
09:43
But for me, the reason for this actually has to do with dogs.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฐœ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
It has to do with watching people train puppies,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ดค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
09:50
and realizing they have horrendous interaction skills,
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๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
horrendous relationship skills.
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๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋„ ๋”์ฐํ–ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
09:57
Not just with their puppy, but with the rest of the family at class.
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๊ทธ์ € ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:01
I mean, my all-time classic is another "come here" one.
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ์–ด๋””์„œ๋“  ํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์ „์ ์ธ ๋ง์€ "์ด๋ฆฌ์™€"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
10:04
You see someone in the park -- and I'll cover my mic when I say this,
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๊ณต์›์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
10:07
because I don't want to wake you up -- and there's the owner in the park,
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์ฃผ๋ฌด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„ ๊นจ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”. ๊ณต์›์— ๊ฐœ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
10:10
and their dog's over here, and they say, "Rover, come here.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋งํ•˜์ง€์š”. "๋กœ๋ฒ„, ์ด๋ฆฌ์™€.
10:12
Rover, come here. Rover, come here, you son of a bitch."
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๋กœ๋ฒ„, ์ด๋ฆฌ์™€. ๋กœ๋ฒ„, ์ด๋ฆฌ์™€. ์ด ๊ฐœ์ž์‹."
10:16
The dog says, "I don't think so."
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„๋‹Œ๋ฐ."
10:18
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ}
10:19
I mean, who in their right mind
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์ œ์ •์‹ ์ด ๋ฐ•ํžŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
10:22
would think that a dog would want to approach them
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉด ์˜ฌ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ 
10:25
when they're screaming like that?
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:27
Instead, the dog says, "I know that tone. I know that tone.
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๋Œ€์‹ , ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜ ์ € ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์•Œ์•„. ๋‚˜ ์ € ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์•Œ์•„.
10:30
Previously, when I've approached, I've gotten punished there."
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์ „์— ์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์„œ ๊ฐ”๋”๋‹ˆ ๋ฒŒ์„ ์คฌ์ง€."
10:33
I was walking onto a plane --
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ์˜ฌ๋ผํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
this, for me, was a pivotal moment in my career,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์€, ์ œ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
and it really cemented what I wanted to do
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์• ๊ฒฌ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„
10:40
with this whole puppy-training thing,
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์ ‘ํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
the notion of how to teach puppies in a dog-friendly way
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฐœ์™€ ์นœํ™”์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์• ๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
to want to do what we want to do, so we don't have to force them.
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์ฃผ์ธ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
You know, I puppy-train my child.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์•„์ด๋„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
And the seminal moment was, I was getting on a plane in Dallas,
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์ด ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์Šค์—์„œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
10:55
and in row two was a father, I presume, and a young boy about five,
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค„์— ์•„๋งˆ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ•œ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์‚ด ์ฏค ๋˜์–ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€
10:59
kicking the back of the chair.
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์ขŒ์„ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ฐจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
11:01
"Johnny, don't do that."
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"์กฐ๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ."
11:03
Kick, kick, kick.
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์ฐจ๊ณ , ์ฐจ๊ณ , ๋˜ ์ฐจ๊ณ .
11:04
"Johnny, don't do that." Kick, kick, kick.
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"์กฐ๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ง๋ž˜๋„." ์ฐจ๊ณ , ์ฐจ๊ณ , ๋˜ ์ฐจ๊ณ .
11:06
I'm standing right here with my bag.
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์ „ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์— ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
11:08
The father leans over, grabs him like this and gives him ugly face.
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋“ค ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชธ์„ ๊ตฝํžˆ๋”๋‹ˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์†์„ ์›€์ผœ์ฅ๊ณ  ํ—˜์ƒ๊ถ‚์€ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
And ugly face is this --
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๊ทธ ํ—˜์ƒ๊ถ‚์€ ์–ผ๊ตด์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
11:14
when you go face-to-face with a puppy or a child,
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋‚˜ ์•„์ด์™€ ์ง์ ‘ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋งž๋Œ€๊ณ 
11:17
you say, "What are you doing! Now stop it, stop it, stop it!"
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ . "๋ญ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ! ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ, ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ, ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ž˜๋„!"
11:20
And I went, "Oh my God, do I do something?"
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์ „ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ . "๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜?"
11:23
That child has lost everything --
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์•„์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ๋ง™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
that one of the two people he can trust in this world
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์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฏฟ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ๋‘ ๋ช… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:29
has absolutely pulled the rug from under his feet.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๋„๋ผ์— ๋ฐœ๋“ฑ ์ฐํžŒ ๊ฒฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
And I thought, "Do I tell this jerk to quit it?"
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€์š”. "์ € ๋‚จ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ• ๊นŒ?"
11:34
I thought, "Ian, stay out of it, stay out of it, you know, walk on."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ด์•ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ ์ฒ™ ํ•˜์ž. ๋ชจ๋ฅธ ์ฒ™ ํ•˜์ž๊ณ , ์•Œ์ž–์•„, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ž."
11:37
I walked to the back of the plane,
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋’ทํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ”์ง€์š”.
11:39
I sat down, and a thought came to me.
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์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฐ€๋ ค์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
If that had been a dog, I would have laid him out.
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๊ฐœํ•œํ…Œ ์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋•Œ๋ ค๋ˆ•ํ˜”์„ํ…๋ฐ.
11:44
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:45
If he had kicked a dog, I would have punched him out.
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๊ทธ ์ž‘์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ฐผ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ฃผ๋จน์„ ๋‚ ๋ ธ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
He kicked a child, grabs the child like this and I let it go.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์• ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ฐจ๊ณ , ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์†์„ ์ฅ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ „ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ ์ฒ™ ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
11:54
And this is what it's all about.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
These relationship skills are so easy.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋งบ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์‰ฝ์ง€์š”.
11:59
I mean, we as humans, our shallowness when we choose a life-mate
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๋•Œ
12:04
based on the three Cs -- coat color, conformation, cuteness.
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3C, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ฝ”ํŠธ ์ƒ‰๊น”, ๋ชจ์–‘, ๊ท€์—ฌ์šด ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์–„ํŒํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
You know, kind of like a little robot.
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์ž‘์€ ๋กœ๋ด‡์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋“ฏ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:10
This is how we go into a relationship, and it's hunky-dory for a year.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ๋ฐ, ์ฒ˜์Œ ํ•œ ํ•ด ๋™์•ˆ์€ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
And then, a little behavior problem comes up.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ ํ–‰๋™๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
No different from the dog barking.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ง–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
The husband won't clear up his clothes,
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๋‚จํŽธ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์˜ท์„ ์„ธํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
or the wife's always late for meetings, whatever it is, OK?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ธ์ด ๋Š˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ๋Šฆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜์š”, ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ๋“  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
12:23
And it then starts, and we get into this thing,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ 
12:27
and our personal feedback -- there's two things about it.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
When you watch people interacting with animals or other people,
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๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ํƒ€์ธ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๋ฉด
12:32
there is very little feedback, it's too infrequent.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋ฏธ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋“œ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
And when it happens, it's bad, it's nasty.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”์ฐํ•˜์ง€์š”.
12:39
You see it's especially in families, especially with spouses,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž,
12:44
especially with children, especially with parents.
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์ž์‹, ๋ถ€๋ชจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
You see it especially in the workplace,
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์ง์žฅ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹ฌํ•œ๋ฐ
12:49
especially from boss to employee.
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์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง์›์„ ๋Œ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€์š”.
12:51
It's as if there's some schadenfreude there,
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๋‚จ์˜ ๋ถˆํ–‰์ด ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์จ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
12:54
that we actually take delight in people getting things wrong,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ผ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
12:57
so that we can then moan and groan and bitch at them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•“๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์š•์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ™”๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:02
And this, I would say, is the biggest human foible that we have.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์•ฝ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
It really is.
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์ •๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
We take the good for granted, and we moan and groan at the bad.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์„ ์„ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์›Œ ์‹ ์Œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
And I think this whole notion of these skills should be taught.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
You know, calculus is wonderful.
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๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™์ด ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ .
13:16
When I was a kid, I was a calculus whiz.
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๋ฏธ์ ๋ถ„ํ•™ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
I don't understand a thing about it now, but I could do it as a kid.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ•˜๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ชป ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
13:22
Geometry, fantastic. You know, quantum mechanics --
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๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™๋„ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–‘์ž์—ญํ•™๋„ ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
13:25
these are cool things.
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์ „๋ถ€ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
But they don't save marriages and they don't raise children.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์• ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šธ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€์š”.
13:31
And my look to the future is,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€,
13:33
and what I want to do with this doggy stuff, is to teach people
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์• ๊ฒฌ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
that you know, your husband's just as easy to train.
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๋‚จํŽธ์€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์•„์‹œ์ฃ .
13:39
Probably easier -- if you got a Rottie -- much easier to train.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋” ์‰ฌ์›Œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœํ‹ฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚จํŽธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ํ•œ๊ฒฐ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
Your kids are easy to train.
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์ž์‹๋“ค๋„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
All you've got to do is to watch them,
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์ž์‹์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๋ง์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€,
13:48
to time-sample the behavior, and say, every five minutes,
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5๋ถ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€์š”.
13:50
you ask the question, "Is it good, or is it bad?"
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"์ž˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€, ์ž˜๋ชปํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?" ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
13:53
If it's good, say, "That was really neat, thank you."
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ •๋ง ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ตฌ๋‚˜, ๊ณ ๋ง™๋‹ค."
13:56
That is such a powerful training technique.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ข‹์€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
This should be taught in schools.
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
Relationships -- how do you negotiate?
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜‘์ƒํ•  ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋‹ˆ?
14:02
How you do negotiate with your friend who wants your toy?
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๋„ค ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜‘์ƒํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋‹ˆ?
14:05
You know, how to prepare you for your first relationship?
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๋งจ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋‹ˆ?
14:08
How on earth about raising children?
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์ž๋…€ ์–‘์œก์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:10
We think how we do it -- one night in bed, we're pregnant,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฃป๋ฐค ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์› ๊ณ , ์ž„์‹ ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
14:12
and then we're raising the most important thing in life, a child.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ž์‹์ด์ง€์š”.
14:15
No, this is what should be taught -- the good living, the good habits,
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ ํ•œ ์‚ถ, ์ข‹์€ ์Šต๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
which are just as hard to break as bad habits.
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๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
So, that would be my wish to the future.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ํฌ๋ง์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
Ah, damn, I wanted to end exactly on time,
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์•„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋งž์ถฐ์„œ ๋๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:28
but I got eight, seven, six, five, four, three, two --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ž, 8,7,6,5,4,3,2-
14:34
so thank you very much. That's my talk, thank you.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๋งˆ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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