Anil Ananthaswamy: What it takes to do extreme astrophysics

33,636 views ใƒป 2011-04-26

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Bianca Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeongyob Park
00:15
I would like to talk today
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜
00:17
about what I think is one of the greatest adventures
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์˜จ
00:19
human beings have embarked upon,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๋ชจํ—˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ,
00:21
which is the quest to understand the universe
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์šฐ์ฃผ์™€ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”
00:24
and our place in it.
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ํƒ์ƒ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
My own interest in this subject, and my passion for it,
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์—ด์ •์€,
00:29
began rather accidentally.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
I had bought a copy of this book,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ฑ…
00:34
"The Universe and Dr. Einstein" --
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โ€œ์šฐ์ฃผ์™€ ์•„์ธ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌโ€๋ฅผ
00:36
a used paperback from a secondhand bookstore in Seattle.
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์‹œ์• ํ‹€์˜ ์ค‘๊ณ  ์„œ์ ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
A few years after that, in Bangalore,
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ํ›„ ๋ฐฉ๊ฐˆ๋กœ๋ฅด์—์„œ,
00:42
I was finding it hard to fall asleep one night,
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ๋ฐค, ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์„œ
00:44
and I picked up this book,
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์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ง‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
thinking it would put me to sleep in 10 minutes.
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์ด ์ฑ…์ด ์ ˆ 10๋ถ„๋งŒ์— ์ž ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์„œ์š”.
00:48
And as it happened,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฝ์ž๋งˆ์ž,
00:50
I read it from midnight to five in the morning in one shot.
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์ „ ์ž์ •๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ๋‹ค์„ฏ์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์— ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ๋…ํŒŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
And I was left with this intense feeling
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๊ฐ๊ณผ ํฅ๋ถ„,
00:56
of awe and exhilaration
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋งŽ์ด
00:58
at the universe
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
01:00
and our own ability to understand as much as we do.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
And that feeling hasn't left me yet.
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ์ •์€ ์•„์ง๋„ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์ฃ .
01:06
That feeling was the trigger for me
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ๊ฐ์ •์€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด
01:08
to actually change my career --
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์ œ ์ง์—…์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋„ํ™”์„ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ 
01:10
from being a software engineer to become a science writer --
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โ€“ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๊ณตํ•™์ž์—์„œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋กœ โ€“
01:13
so that I could partake in the joy of science,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ
01:16
and also the joy of communicating it to others.
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์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:19
And that feeling also led me
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฐ์ •์€ ์ €๋ฅผ
01:21
to a pilgrimage of sorts,
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ˆœ๋ก€ ํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด,
01:23
to go literally to the ends of the earth
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์„œ
01:25
to see telescopes, detectors,
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๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ํƒ์ง€๊ธฐ,
01:28
instruments that people are building, or have built,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:31
in order to probe the cosmos
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ค‘์ธ, ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŒ๋“ 
01:33
in greater and greater detail.
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๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:35
So it took me from places like Chile --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์น ๋ ˆ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
01:37
the Atacama Desert in Chile --
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โ€“ ์น ๋ ˆ์˜ ์•„ํƒ€์นด๋งˆ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰ โ€“
01:39
to Siberia,
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์‹œ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์•„,
01:41
to underground mines
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์ผ๋ณธ ์•Œํ”„์Šค, ๋ถ๋ฏธ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
01:43
in the Japanese Alps, in Northern America,
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์ง€ํ•˜ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ๋“ค
01:45
all the way to Antarctica
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๋‚จ๊ทน, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด
01:47
and even to the South Pole.
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๋‚จ๊ทน์ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
And today I would like to share with you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ด ์—ฌํ–‰๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
01:51
some images, some stories of these trips.
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๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
I have been basically spending the last few years
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„์„
01:56
documenting the efforts
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๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:58
of some extremely intrepid men and women
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์•„์ฃผ ์šฉ๊ฐํ•œ ๋‚จ๋…€๋“ค์ด
02:01
who are putting,
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
02:03
literally at times, their lives at stake
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๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฑธ๊ณ 
02:05
working in some very remote and very hostile places
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์•„์ฃผ ์™ธ์ง€๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
02:08
so that they may gather the faintest signals from the cosmos
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์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ํฌ๋ฏธํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•ด์„œ
02:12
in order for us to understand this universe.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์• ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:15
And I first begin with a pie chart --
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ํŒŒ์ดํ˜• ๋„ํ‘œ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
and I promise this is the only pie chart
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒŒ
02:19
in the whole presentation --
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์ „์ฒด ๋ฐœํ‘œ์—์„œ ๋”ฑ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŒŒ์ดํ˜• ๋„ํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
but it sets up the state of our knowledge of the cosmos.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ๋„ํ‘œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ฆฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
All the theories in physics that we have today
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋ก ์€
02:28
properly explain what is called normal matter --
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:30
the stuff that we're all made of --
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์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ--
02:32
and that's four percent of the universe.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ 4%๋งŒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
Astronomers and cosmologists and physicists think
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž์™€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์ž, ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
02:37
that there is something called dark matter in the universe,
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์šฐ์ฃผ ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ 23%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”
02:40
which makes up 23 percent of the universe,
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์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ,
02:42
and something called dark energy,
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 73%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
02:44
which permeates the fabric of space-time,
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์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“œ๋Š”
02:46
that makes up another 73 percent.
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์•”ํ‘ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
So if you look at this pie chart, 96 percent of the universe,
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์ด ํŒŒ์ด๋„ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ 96%๋Š”,
02:51
at this point in our exploration of it,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ์„ ,
02:53
is unknown or not well understood.
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์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
And most of the experiments, telescopes that I went to see
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹คํ—˜๊ณผ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ๋“ค์€
02:59
are in some way addressing this question,
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์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ ์•”ํ‘ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ
03:02
these two twin mysteries of dark matter and dark energy.
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๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
I will take you first to an underground mine
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์šฐ์„  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„
03:07
in Northern Minnesota
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๋ถ๋ถ€ ๋ฏธ๋„ค์†Œํƒ€ ์ฃผ์—
03:09
where people are looking
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์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”
03:11
for something called dark matter.
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์ง€ํ•˜ ํƒ„๊ด‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ณด์ฃ .
03:13
And the idea here is that they are looking for a sign
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€
03:16
of a dark matter particle hitting one of their detectors.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํƒ์ง€๊ธฐ์— ํฌ์ฐฉ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
And the reason why they have to go underground
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง€ํ•˜๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”,
03:21
is that, if you did this experiment on the surface of the Earth,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง€์ƒ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ์„๋•,
03:24
the same experiment would be swamped by signals
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์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ด‘์„ (์šฐ์ฃผ์„ )์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋Šฅ,
03:26
that could be created by things like cosmic rays,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์— ์˜ํ•ด
03:28
ambient radio activity,
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
even our own bodies. You might not believe it,
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๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“œ์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:33
but even our own bodies are radioactive enough to disturb this experiment.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ๋„ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ฑ์ด์–ด์„œ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
So they go deep inside mines
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€
03:39
to find a kind of environmental silence
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ํƒ์ง€๊ธฐ์— ํฌ์ฐฉ ๋  ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋•กํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:41
that will allow them to hear
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์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:43
the ping of a dark matter particle hitting their detector.
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ํƒ„๊ด‘ ๊นŠ์ˆ™์ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
And I went to see one of these experiments,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๊ณ ,
03:48
and this is actually -- you can barely see it,
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ โ€“- ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ ,
03:50
and the reason for that is it's entirely dark in there --
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์ € ๊ณณ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์–ด๋‘ก๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
this is a cavern that was left behind by the miners
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์ด ๊ณณ์€ ๊ด‘๋ถ€๋“ค์ด 1960๋…„์— ์ด ํƒ„๊ด‘์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:56
who left this mine in 1960.
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๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๋™๊ตด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
And physicists came and started using it
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด 1980๋…„๋Œ€์— ์™€์„œ
04:00
sometime in the 1980s.
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์ด ๊ณณ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
And the miners in the early part of the last century
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ์— ๊ด‘๋ถ€๋“ค์€
04:05
worked, literally, in candlelight.
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์ด›๋ถˆ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
And today, you would see this inside the mine,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜, ์•ฝ 0.8km ์ง€ํ•˜์— ์žˆ๋Š”
04:09
half a mile underground.
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ํƒ„๊ด‘์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
This is one of the largest underground labs in the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ง€ํ•˜ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
And, among other things, they're looking for dark matter.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
There is another way to search for dark matter,
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์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
which is indirectly.
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๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
04:20
If dark matter exists in our universe,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ์ฃผ, ์€ํ•˜๊ณ„์— ์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด
04:22
in our galaxy,
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์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
04:24
then these particles should be smashing together
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๊ทธ ์ž…์ž๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋ฉฐ
04:26
and producing other particles that we know about --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž…์ž๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:29
one of them being neutrinos.
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โ€“ ๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์„ฑ๋ฏธ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
And neutrinos you can detect
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘์„ฑ๋ฏธ์ž๋“ค์€
04:33
by the signature they leave
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๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋Š”
04:35
when they hit water molecules.
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ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
When a neutrino hits a water molecule
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์ค‘์„ฑ๋ฏธ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์ž์™€ ์ถฉ๋Œ ํ•  ๋•Œ
04:39
it emits a kind of blue light,
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ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถˆ๋น›์„ ๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:41
a flash of blue light,
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๋ฐ˜์งํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ž€ ๋ถˆ๋น›์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
04:43
and by looking for this blue light,
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์ด ๋ถˆ๋น›์„ ์ฐพ์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
04:45
you can essentially understand something about the neutrino
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์ค‘์„ฑ๋ฏธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:47
and then, indirectly, something about the dark matter
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ค‘์„ฑ๋ฏธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์•”ํ‘ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„
04:50
that might have created this neutrino.
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๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
But you need very, very large volumes of water
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜
04:55
in order to do this.
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๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
You need something like tens of megatons of water --
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋งŒํ†ค์˜ โ€“์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ 10์–ตํ†ค์˜ โ€“
04:59
almost a gigaton of water --
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๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:01
in order to have any chance of catching this neutrino.
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์ค‘์„ฑ๋ฏธ์ž๋ฅผ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:04
And where in the world would you find such water?
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์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:06
Well the Russians have a tank in their own backyard.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์— ํฐ ๋ฌผํƒฑํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
This is Lake Baikal.
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๋ฐ”์ด์นผ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
It is the largest lake in the world. It's 800 km long.
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์ด ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ 800km๋กœ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
It's about 40 to 50 km wide
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 40~ 50km์˜ ํญ์„
05:16
in most places,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ ์š”,
05:18
and one to two kilometers deep.
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1~2km์˜ ๊นŠ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
And what the Russians are doing
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ธ๋“ค์€
05:22
is they're building these detectors
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ํƒ์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
05:24
and immersing them about a kilometer beneath the surface of the lake
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ 1km์ •๋„ ๋ฐ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์–ด ๋„ฃ์–ด
05:27
so that they can watch for these flashes of blue light.
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ํŒŒ๋ž€ ๋ถˆ๋น›๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
And this is the scene that greeted me when I landed there.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ๊ด‘๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
This is Lake Baikal
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๊ฒจ์šธ์ด
05:35
in the peak of the Siberian winter.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ ˆ์ •์ผ ๋•Œ์˜ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
The lake is entirely frozen.
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์–ผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
And the line of black dots
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”
05:42
that you see in the background,
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๊ฒ€์€ ์ ์„ ๋“ค์€
05:44
that's the ice camp where the physicists are working.
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ค‘์ธ ์–ผ์Œ ์บ ํ”„์žฅ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
The reason why they have to work in winter
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
05:48
is because they don't have the money to work in summer and spring,
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๋ด„๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ํ•  ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
which, if they did that,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋•Œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:53
they would need ships and submersibles to do their work.
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๋ฐฐ์™€ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•จ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:55
So they wait until winter --
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒจ์šธ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์„œ
05:57
the lake is completely frozen over --
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โ€“ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์–ผ์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ โ€“
05:59
and they use this meter-thick ice
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์ด ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์–ผ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœํŒ ์‚ผ์•„
06:01
as a platform on which to establish their ice camp and do their work.
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์–ผ์Œ ์บ ํ”„์žฅ์„ ์ง“๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
So this is the Russians working on the ice
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ฒจ์šธ์ด ์ ˆ์ • ๋•Œ์—
06:08
in the peak of the Siberian winter.
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์–ผ์Œ ์œ„์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
They have to drill holes in the ice,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ผ์Œ์— ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์„ ํŒŒ์„œ
06:12
dive down into the water -- cold, cold water --
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๋ฌผ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ โ€“ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ๋ฌผ์—์š” โ€“
06:14
to get hold of the instrument, bring it up,
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๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์žก๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ผ์™€
06:17
do any repairs and maintenance that they need to do,
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:20
put it back and get out before the ice melts.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฌผ ์†์— ๋†“๊ณ , ์–ผ์Œ์ด ๋…น๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋‚˜์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
Because that phase of solid ice lasts for two months
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ์–ผ์Œ์€ ๋‘๋‹ฌ ์ •๋„ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:24
and it's full of cracks.
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์–ผ์Œ์—” ๊ธˆ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
And you have to imagine, there's an entire sea-like lake
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ์ „์ฒด์˜
06:29
underneath, moving.
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๋ฐ‘์€ ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
I still don't understand this one Russian man
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์ „ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด ์ƒ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์ธ์ด ์ดํ•ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
06:34
working in his bare chest,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜
06:36
but that tells you how hard he was working.
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ํž˜๋“ค๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
And these people, a handful of people,
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์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”,
06:41
have been working for 20 years,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 20๋…„๋™์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜
06:43
looking for particles that may or may not exist.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์„ ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
And they have dedicated their lives to it.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”์น˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:48
And just to give you an idea,
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๋” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
06:50
they have spent 20 million over 20 years.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 20๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ด์ฒœ๋งŒ๋ถˆ์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
It's very harsh conditions.
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ํ˜น๋…ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์ฃ .
06:55
They work on a shoestring budget.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ์€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
The toilets there are literally holes in the ground
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์€ ํŒ์ž์ง‘์œผ๋กœ
06:59
covered with a wooden shack.
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๊ฐ€๋ ค๋†“์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
And it's that basic,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ,
07:04
but they do this every year.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค๋…„ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
From Siberia to the Atacama Desert in Chile,
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์‹œ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ์น ๋ ˆ์˜ ์•„ํƒ€์นด๋งˆ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰๊นŒ์ง€,
07:09
to see something called The Very Large Telescope.
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์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:11
The Very Large Telescope
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์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์€
07:13
is one of these things that astronomers do --
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:15
they name their telescopes rather unimaginatively.
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โ€“ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:17
I can tell you for a fact,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ ,
07:19
that the next one that they're planning is called The Extremely Large Telescope.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๊ทน ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์ด๋ž€ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:24
And you wouldn't believe it,
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๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
07:26
but the one after that is going to be called The Overwhelmingly Large Telescope.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์••๋„์  ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ˜• ํฐ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
But nonetheless,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ,
07:31
it's an extraordinary piece of engineering.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
These are four 8.2 meter telescopes.
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4๊ฐœ์˜ 8.2๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
And these telescopes, among other things,
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์ด ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ๋“ค์€, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„,
07:38
they're being used to study
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์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:40
how the expansion of the universe is changing with time.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
And the more you understand that,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ดํ•ดํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก,
07:45
the better you would understand
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•”ํ‘ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€
07:47
what this dark energy that the universe is made of is all about.
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โ€“ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” โ€“ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
And one piece of engineering that I want to leave you with
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ค‘ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŠนํžˆ
07:53
as regards this telescope
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๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
07:55
is the mirror.
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๊ฑฐ์šธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
Each mirror, there are four of them,
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4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ,
07:59
is made of a single piece of glass,
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์œ ๋ฆฌ ํ•œ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:01
a monolithic piece of high-tech ceramic,
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ํ•œ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•˜์ดํ…Œํฌ ์„ธ๋ผ๋ฏน์„
08:03
that has been ground down and polished to such accuracy
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๊ฐˆ์•„์„œ ๋‹ฆ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์ด
08:06
that the only way to understand what that is
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๋ƒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
08:09
is [to] imagine a city like Paris,
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ
08:11
with all its buildings and the Eiffel Tower,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋นŒ๋”ฉ๊ณผ ์—ํŽ ํƒ‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
08:14
if you grind down Paris to that kind of accuracy,
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๊ฐˆ์•„ ๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ •ํ™•๋„๊ฐ€
08:17
you would be left with bumps that are one millimeter high.
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1 ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋†’์ด์˜ ํŠ€์–ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งŒ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:21
And that's the kind of polishing that these mirrors have endured.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ์šธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ๋‹ฆ์—ฌ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:24
An extraordinary set of telescopes.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
08:26
Here's another view of the same.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
The reason why you have to build these telescopes
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ๋“ค์„ ์•„ํƒ€์นด๋งˆ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์—
08:30
in places like the Atacama Desert
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๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
08:32
is because of the high altitude desert.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ๋†’์€ ๊ณ ๋„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
The dry air is really good for telescopes,
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๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์— ์ข‹๊ณ ,
08:38
and also, the cloud cover is below the summit of these mountains
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๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋ฎํฐ ๊ณณ์€ ์‚ฐ ์ •์ƒ ์•„๋ž˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:40
so that the telescopes have
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๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์€ 300์ผ ์ •๋„
08:42
about 300 days of clear skies.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
Finally, I want to take you to Antarctica.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚จ๊ทน์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
I want to spend most of my time on this part of the world.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
This is cosmology's final frontier.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผํ•™์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
Some of the most amazing experiments,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‹คํ—˜๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ช‡,
08:54
some of the most extreme experiments,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ์‹คํ—˜๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€
08:56
are being done in Antarctica.
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๋‚จ๊ทน์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
I was there to view something called a long-duration balloon flight,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„
09:01
which basically takes telescopes and instruments
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40km ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์œ„์ธ ์„ฑ์ธต๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ
09:04
all the way to the upper atmosphere,
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๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋น„ํ–‰์„
09:06
the upper stratosphere, 40 km up.
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๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ”์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:09
And that's where they do their experiments,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ € ์œ„์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•œ ํ›„
09:11
and then the balloon, the payload, is brought down.
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์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ, ํƒ‘์žฌ๋ฌผ์€ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
So this is us landing on the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ทน์˜ ๋กœ์Šค ๋น™๋ถ•์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
That's an American C-17 cargo plane
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์ €๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์—์„œ
09:19
that flew us from New Zealand
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๋‚จ๊ทน์˜ ๋งฅ๋จธ๋„๋กœ ์‹ค์–ด์ค€
09:21
to McMurdo in Antarctica.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ C-17 ํ™”๋ฌผ๊ธฐ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
And here we are about to board our bus.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„  ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ„์Šค์— ํƒ‘์Šนํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
And I don't know if you can read the lettering,
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๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด์‹ค์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:27
but it says, "Ivan the Terribus."
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"Ivan the Terribus" ์ด๋ผ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
And that's taking us to McMurdo.
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์ € ๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ €ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งฅ๋จธ๋„๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
And this is the scene that greets you in McMurdo.
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๋งฅ๋จธ๋„์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์ด ๊ด‘๊ฒฝ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งž์ดํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
And you barely might be able to make out
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ
09:38
this hut here.
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์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
This hut was built by Robert Falcon Scott and his men
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์ด ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์€ ๋กœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ํŒ”์ฝ˜ ์Šค์ฝง๊ณผ ๋Œ€์›๋“ค์ด
09:43
when they first came to Antarctica
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์ฒซ ๋‚จ๊ทน์  ํƒํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
09:45
on their first expedition to go to the South Pole.
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๋‚จ๊ทน์— ์™”์„ ๋•Œ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
Because it's so cold,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ์ถ”์šด ๋‚ ์”จ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
09:49
the entire contents of that hut is still as they left it,
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์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋– ๋‚  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
09:52
with the remnants of the last meal they cooked still there.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•ด๋จน์€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์‹์‚ฌ ๋‚จ์€ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
09:55
It's an extraordinary place.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
This is McMurdo itself. About a thousand people work here in summer,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋งฅ๋จธ๋„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ ์ฒœ๋ช… ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ์ผํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:00
and about 200 in winter
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200๋ช… ์ •๋„๋Š”
10:02
when it's completely dark for six months.
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์—ฌ์„ฏ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
I was here to see the launch
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜
10:06
of this particular type of instrument.
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๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
This is a cosmic ray experiment
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์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ด‘์„  ์‹คํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
that has been launched all the way to the upper-stratosphere
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์„ฑ์ธต๊ถŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
10:13
to an altitude of 40 km.
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๊ณ ๋„ 40km๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”์ฃ .
10:15
What I want you to imagine is this is two tons in weight.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 2ํ†ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
So you're using a balloon
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์ž ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ
10:20
to carry something that is two tons
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2ํ†ค์ด๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
10:22
all the way to an altitude of 40 km.
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๊ณ ๋„ 40km๊นŒ์ง€ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
10:25
And the engineers, the technicians, the physicists
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๊ณตํ•™์ž, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž, ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
10:28
have all got to assemble on the Ross Ice Shelf,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋กœ์Šค ๋น™๋ถ•์— ๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
because Antarctica -- I won't go into the reasons why --
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚จ๊ทน์€
10:34
but it's one of the most favorable places for doing these balloon launches,
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๋‚ ์”จ๋งŒ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์šฐ๊ธฐ์—
10:36
except for the weather.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์žฅ์†Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
The weather, as you can imagine,
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์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋‚ ์”จ์—๋„,
10:40
this is summer, and you're standing on 200 ft of ice.
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200ํ”ผํŠธ์˜ ์–ผ์Œ์œ„์— ์„œ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
10:42
And there's a volcano behind,
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๋’ค์—๋Š” ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
10:44
which has glaciers at the very top.
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๋น™ํ•˜๋กœ ๋’ค๋ฎ์ธ ํ™”์‚ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
And what they have to do
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
10:48
is they have to assemble the entire balloon --
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์–ผ์Œ ์œ„์— ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:50
the fabric, parachute and everything -- on the ice
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โ€“ ์ฒœ๊ณผ ๋‚™ํ•˜์‚ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค โ€“
10:53
and then fill it up with helium.
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ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
And that process takes about two hours.
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์•ฝ ๋‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์ •๋„ ์†Œ์š”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
And the weather can change as they're putting together this whole assembly.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋™์•ˆ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
For instance, here they are laying down the balloon fabric behind,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์งˆ
11:03
which is eventually going to be filled up with helium.
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์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฒœ์„ ๋’ค์— ๋ˆ•ํžˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
Those two trucks you see at the very end
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์ €๊ธฐ ๋์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋‘ ๋Œ€์˜ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์€
11:08
carry 12 tanks each of compressed helium.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์ด ์••์ถ• ๋œ 12๊ฐœ์˜ ํƒฑํฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
Now, in case the weather changes before the launch,
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์ด์ œ, ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์šฐ๊ธฐ ์ „ ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฉด,
11:14
they have to actually pack everything back up into their boxes
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฑธ ๋ฐ•์Šค์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋„ฃ๊ณ 
11:17
and take it out back to McMurdo Station.
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๋งฅ๋จธ๋„ ๊ธฐ์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
And this particular balloon,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”,
11:22
because it has to launch two tons of weight,
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2ํ†ค์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๋„์›Œ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
11:24
is an extremely huge balloon.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
The fabric alone weighs two tons.
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์ € ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์ฒœ๋งŒ 2ํ†ค์„ ์œก๋ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
In order to minimize the weight,
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๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด,
11:32
it's very thin, it's as thin as a sandwich wrapper.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜ ํฌ์žฅ์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์–‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
And if they have to pack it back,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ €๊ฑธ ์ฑ™๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋Š”,
11:36
they have to put it into boxes
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ•์Šค์•ˆ์— ๋„ฃ์€ ํ›„,
11:38
and stamp on it so that it fits into the box again --
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์•ˆ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ฟต์ฟต ๋ฐŸ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--
11:41
except, when they did it first,
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โ€“ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ํ–ˆ์„๋•
11:43
it would have been done in Texas.
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ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค์—์„œ ํ–ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
11:45
Here, they can't do it with the kind shoes they're wearing,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„ , ๊ทธ ์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ์‹ ๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
11:48
so they have to take their shoes off,
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์ž‘์—…ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์„œ,
11:50
get barefoot into the boxes, in this cold,
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์ด ์ถ”์šด ๋‚ ์”จ์— ์ƒ์ž์•ˆ์— ๋งจ๋ฐœ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
11:52
and do that kind of work.
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์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
11:54
That's the kind of dedication these people have.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ—Œ์‹ ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
11:56
Here's the balloon being filled up with helium,
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ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
11:58
and you can see it's a gorgeous sight.
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๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ด‘๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
Here's a scene
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„ 
12:02
that shows you the balloon and the payload end-to-end.
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์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ ์žฌ๋ฌผ์ด ๋์—์„œ ๋์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ตฐ์š”.
12:04
So the balloon is being filled up with helium on the left-hand side,
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์™ผํŽธ์˜ ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€๊ณ ,
12:07
and the fabric actually runs all the way to the middle
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์ € ์ฒœ์€ ๋‚™ํ•˜์‚ฐ์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”
12:10
where there's a piece of electronics and explosives
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์ „์ž ์žฅ์น˜๋“ค๊ณผ ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”
12:13
being connected to a parachute,
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์ค‘์•™๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
and then the parachute is then connected to the payload.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚™ํ•˜์‚ฐ์€ ํƒ‘์žฌ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
And remember, all this wiring is being done
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์€ ๊ทนํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์šด,
12:19
by people in extreme cold, in sub-zero temperatures.
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์˜ํ•˜์˜ ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
They're wearing about 15 kg of clothing and stuff,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 15kg์ •๋„์˜ ์˜ท๊ณผ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
12:25
but they have to take their gloves off in order to do that.
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์ž‘์—…ํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์žฅ๊ฐ‘์„ ๋ฒ—๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
And I would like to share with you a launch.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
(Video) Radio: Okay, release the balloon,
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(๋น„๋””์˜ค) ๋ฌด์ „: ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”,
12:33
release the balloon, release the balloon.
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์—ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”, ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”.
13:04
Anil Ananthaswamy: And I'll finally like to leave you with two images.
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์•„๋‹: ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:07
This is an observatory in the Himalayas, in Ladakh in India.
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์ธ๋„ ๋ผ๋‹คํฌ, ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
And the thing I want you to look at here
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์…”์•ผ ํ• ๊ฑด
13:12
is the telescope on the right-hand side.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
And on the far left there
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ € ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์™ผ์ชฝ์—๋Š”
13:16
is a 400 year-old Buddhist monastery.
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400๋…„๋œ ๋ถˆ๊ต ์‚ฌ์›์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
This is a close-up of the Buddhist monastery.
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๋ถˆ๊ต ์‚ฌ์›์„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์„œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
And I was struck by the juxtaposition
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์ €๋Š” ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€
13:23
of these two enormous disciplines that humanity has.
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๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
One is exploring the cosmos on the outside,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
13:29
and the other one is exploring our interior being.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
13:31
And both require silence of some sort.
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์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
And what struck me was
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅธ๊ฑด
13:36
every place that I went to to see these telescopes,
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๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ
13:38
the astronomers and cosmologists
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์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ž, ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์ž๋“ค์ด
13:40
are in search of a certain kind of silence,
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์–ด๋–ค ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ,
13:42
whether it's silence from radio pollution
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋Šฅ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด๋‚˜
13:44
or light pollution or whatever.
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๋น›์˜ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๊ทธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
And it was very obvious
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
13:49
that, if we destroy these silent places on Earth,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
13:51
we will be stuck on a planet without the ability to look outwards,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
13:54
because we will not be able to understand the signals that come from outer space.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์™ธ๊ณ„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ค๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
13:57
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
(Applause)
334
839330
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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