Ben Dunlap: The life-long learner

86,303 views ใƒป 2008-01-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: HyeJin Im ๊ฒ€ํ† : Joanne Jung Eun Choi
00:18
"Jรณ napot, pacรกk" Which, as somebody here must surely know,
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"Yo napot, Pacak!" ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋“ฏ
00:24
means "What's up, guys?" in Magyar,
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๋งˆ์ž๋ฅด์–ด๋กœ "์š”์ฆ˜ ์–ด๋•Œ, ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค?" ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
that peculiar non-Indo-European language spoken by Hungarians
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์ด ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ธ๋„์œ ๋Ÿฝํ”ผ์•ˆ ์–ด์กฑ * ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด๋Š” ( * ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋…์ผ์–ด์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์–ด์กฑ)
00:30
for which, given the fact that cognitive diversity is
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜
00:33
at least as threatened as biodiversity on this planet,
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์ง€์  ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ด ์œ„ํ˜‘๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ ๋งŒํผ
00:36
few would have imagined much of a future even a century or two ago.
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1์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” 2์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ „ ์ด ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ช‡ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
But there it is: "Jรณ napot, pacรกk"
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ "Yo napot, pacak!"
00:42
I said somebody here must surely know, because
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ช‡ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ง์˜ ๋œป์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฐ์ด์œ ๋Š”
00:46
despite the fact that there aren't that many Hungarians to begin with,
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ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ์˜ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:49
and the further fact that, so far as I know, there's not a drop
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๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š”, ์ €์˜ ํ˜ˆํ†ต์— ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ์˜ ํ”ผ๊ฐ€
00:52
of Hungarian blood in my veins, at every critical juncture of my life
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๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋„ ์„์—ฌ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์—๋„, ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
00:56
there has been a Hungarian friend or mentor there beside me.
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ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ ์นœ๊ตฌ, ๋˜๋Š” ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ ์Šค์Šน (๋ฉ˜ํ† )์ด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ œ ๊ณ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
I even have dreams that take place in landscapes
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์ €์˜ ๊ฟˆ ์†์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด
01:02
I recognize as the landscapes of Hungarian films,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์•˜๋˜ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ์˜ํ™”์˜ ํ’๊ฒฝ์ผ๋•Œ ์กฐ์ฐจ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:06
especially the early movies of Miklos Jancso.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๋Œ๋กœ์‹œ ์–€์ดˆ* (Miklos Jancso) ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์˜ํ™”์˜ ํ’๊ฒฝ์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (*์ฃผ์š”์ž‘-'์ ๊ณผ๋ฐฑ', '๋ถ‰์€ ์‹œํŽธ' ๋“ฑ)
01:09
So, how do I explain this mysterious affinity?
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ, ์ €์™€ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•จ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:13
Maybe it's because my native state of South Carolina,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„, ์ €์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚จ ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ (south carolina) ์ด๋ฉฐ,
01:18
which is not much smaller than present-day Hungary,
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž‘๊ณ ,
01:21
once imagined a future for itself as an independent country.
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ํ•œ๋•Œ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ์˜* ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, (* ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฑด๊ตญ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด USA ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํƒˆํ‡ด๋ฅผ ์„ ์–ธํ•œ Confederate States of America์ค‘ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ํƒˆํ‡ด๋ฅผ ์„ ์–ธํ•จ.
01:24
And as a consequence of that presumption,
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)
01:26
my hometown was burned to the ground by an invading army,
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์ €์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์€ ์นจ๋žต๊ตฐ์—์˜ํ•ด ์žฟ๋”๋ฏธ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:30
an experience that has befallen many a Hungarian town and village
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธธ๊ณ  ํ—˜๋ž€ํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋„์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ดŒ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
01:34
throughout its long and troubled history.
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๊ทธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Or maybe it's because when I was a teenager back in the '50s,
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๋˜๋Š”, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ญ๋Œ€์˜€๋˜ 50๋…„๋Œ€์—
01:40
my uncle Henry -- having denounced the Ku Klux Klan
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๋‚˜์˜ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ด KKK (Ku Klux Klan)์„ ๋น„๋‚œ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:43
and been bombed for his trouble and had crosses burned in his yard,
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๊ทธ๋กœ์ธํ•ด ํญํƒ„๊ณผ ๋ถˆ๋ถ™์€ ์‹ญ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋‹น์— ์„ธ์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ
01:47
living under death threat -- took his wife and children to Massachusetts for safety
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๋ชฉ์ˆจ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋‹นํ• ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋‚ด์™€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๋ฉ”์‚ฌ์ถ”์„ธ์Šค ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ„ ํ›„
01:51
and went back to South Carolina to face down the Klan alone.
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KKK์™€ ๋งž์„œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜ผ์ž ๋‚จ ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์ฃผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ  ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
That was a very Hungarian thing to do,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ–ˆ์„๋ฒ•ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์ž„์„
01:57
as anyone will attest who remembers 1956.
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1956๋…„*์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ฏฟ์–ด ์˜์‹ฌ์น˜ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (* ์Šคํƒˆ๋ฆฐ์˜ ๊ณต์‚ฐ์ •๊ถŒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ•ด)
02:01
And of course, from time to time Hungarians
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ๋“ค์€
02:04
have invented their own equivalent of the Klan.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ๋‚˜๋ฆ„์˜ KKK๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Well, it seems to me that this Hungarian presence in my life
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์ด์™€๊ฐ™์€ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‚ด์‚ถ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋Š”
02:13
is difficult to account for, but ultimately I ascribe it to an admiration
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์„ค๋ช…๋˜์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋‚˜, ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„
02:19
for people with a complex moral awareness,
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๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ๋„๋•์˜์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
with a heritage of guilt and defeat matched by defiance and bravado.
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์ฃ„์˜์‹๊ณผ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜ํ•ญ๊ณผ ํ—ˆ์„ธ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ
02:27
It's not a typical mindset for most Americans,
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‚˜,
02:30
but it is perforce typical of virtually all Hungarians.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
So, "Jรณ napot, pacรกk!"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, "Yo napot, pacak!"
02:36
I went back to South Carolina after some 15 years amid the alien corn
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15๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ํƒ€์ง€์ƒํ™œ ํ›„, ์ €๋Š”
02:41
at the tail end of the 1960s,
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1960๋…„๋Œ€ ๋ง์—
02:44
with the reckless condescension of that era
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฌด๋ชจํ•œ ๊ฒธ์†์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ฑ„
02:47
thinking I would save my people.
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๋‚˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌ์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‚จ ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์ฃผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
Never mind the fact that they were slow to acknowledge they needed saving.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ตฌ์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋”๋””๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ„
02:53
I labored in that vineyard for a quarter century before
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๊ทธ ์ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ 25๋…„ ์„ ์ผํ•œ ํ›„
02:56
making my way to a little kingdom of the just in upstate South Carolina,
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๋‚จ ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ถ๋ถ€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์™•๊ตญ์ธ
03:00
a Methodist-affiliated institution of higher learning called Wofford College.
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๊ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ต์†Œ์†์˜ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก๊ธฐ๊ด€์ธ ์›ŒํŽ„๋“œ๋Œ€ํ•™(Wofford collge)์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
I knew nothing about Wofford
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์›ŒํŽ„๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:06
and even less about Methodism,
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๊ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ๋” ์•„๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
but I was reassured on the first day that I taught at Wofford College
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›ŒํŽ„๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ์˜ ์ฒซ ๊ฐ•์—์„œ ์•ˆ์‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
03:12
to find, among the auditors in my classroom,
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์ €์˜ ๊ฐ•์˜์‹ค์˜ ์ฒญ๊ฐ•์ƒ๋“ค ์ค‘
03:14
a 90-year-old Hungarian, surrounded by a bevy of middle-aged European women
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์ค‘๋…„ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ธ ๋ถ€์ธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์†์—์„œ 90์„ธ์˜ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
who seemed to function as an entourage of Rhinemaidens.
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๋ผ์ธ๊ฐ•์˜ ์ฒ˜๋…€๋“ค์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ •๋„์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”
03:23
His name was Sandor Teszler.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์„ผ๋“ค๋Ÿฌ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
He was a puckish widower whose wife and children were dead
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ™€์•„๋น„๋กœ, ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋‚ด์™€ ์ž์‹๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:30
and whose grandchildren lived far away.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์†์ž๋“ค์€ ๋จผ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ค.
03:33
In appearance, he resembled Mahatma Gandhi,
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ๋งˆํ•˜ํŠธ๋งˆ ๊ฐ„๋””์™€ ๊ฐ™์•˜์œผ๋‚˜
03:36
minus the loincloth, plus orthopedic boots.
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๋กœ์ธํด๋กœ์ฆˆ (์ธ๋„์ธ์˜ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์— ๋‘๋ฅด๋Š” ์˜ท)์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, (๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํƒฑํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”) ์ •ํ˜•๋ถ€์ธ ๋ฅผ ์‹ ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
He had been born in 1903 in the provinces
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๊ทธ๋Š” 1903๋…„์—,
03:43
of the old Austro-Hungarian Empire,
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์˜ค๋ž˜์ „์˜ ์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„-ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ์ œ๊ตญ์ด์—ˆ๋˜,
03:45
in what later would become Yugoslavia.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์œ ๊ณ ์Šฌ๋ผ๋น„์•„์˜ ํ•œ์‹œ๊ณจ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
He was ostracized as a child, not because he was a Jew --
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆด์  ์ถ”๋ฐฉ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์œ ํƒœ์ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ
03:51
his parents weren't very religious anyhow --
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(๊ทธ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ข…๊ต์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ)
03:52
but because he had been born with two club feet,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚ด๋ฐ˜์กฑ (๋ฐœ์ด ์•ˆ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํœ˜๋Š” ๋ณ‘) ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:55
a condition which, in those days, required institutionalization
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๊ทธ์™€๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹น์‹œ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ตฌ์†๊ณผ
04:00
and a succession of painful operations between the ages of one and 11.
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๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ 1์„ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 11์„ธ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
He went to the commercial business high school as a young man
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฒญ๋…„์ด ๋˜์ž ๋ถ€๋‹ค ํŽ˜์ŠคํŠธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒ์—…๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์— ์ง„ํ•™ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,
04:07
in Budapest, and there he was as smart as he was modest
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๊ฒธ์†ํ•œ๋ฉฐ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ช…์„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ,
04:12
and he enjoyed a considerable success. And after graduation
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์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๋ง›๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์กธ์—… ํ›„,
04:15
when he went into textile engineering, the success continued.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์ง๊ณต์—…์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“  ํ›„, ๊ทธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ๊ณ„์† ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
He built one plant after another.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‘˜ ์„ธ์›Œ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
He married and had two sons. He had friends in high places who
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ํ›„ ๋‘ ์•„๋“ค์„ ๋‘์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋†’์€ ์ง€์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์„ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋‘์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
04:23
assured him that he was of great value to the economy.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์ง€๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฏฟ์–ด ์˜์‹ฌ์น˜ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Once, as he had left instructions to have done,
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋„๋ก ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
he was summoned in the middle of the night by the night watchman at one of his plants.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฐค์ค‘์— ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ์•ผ๊ฐ„๊ฒฝ๋น„์›์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ˜ธ์ถœ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
The night watchman had caught an employee who was stealing socks --
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๊ทธ ์–‘ํ’ˆ์„ค๋น„๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ์•ผ๊ฐ„๊ฒฝ๋น„์›์€ ์–‘๋ง์„ ํ›”์น˜์ง„ ์ง์›์„ ๋ถ™์žก์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:39
it was a hosiery mill, and he simply backed a truck up to the loading dock
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๊ฑฐ๊ธด ์–‘๋ง๊ณต์žฅ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ‹ฐ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์„ ํ™”๋ฌผ์ ์žฌ์žฅ์†Œ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ›„์ง„์‹œ์ผœ
04:42
and was shoveling in mountains of socks.
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์–‘๋ง ์‚ฐ๋”๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํผ ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
Mr. Teszler went down to the plant and confronted the thief and said,
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ๊ณต์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋„๋‘‘๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
"But why do you steal from me? If you need money you have only to ask."
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"์™œ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ํ›”์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ผ์š”."
04:52
The night watchman, seeing how things were going and waxing indignant,
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์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณธ ์•ผ๊ฐ„๊ฒฝ๋น„์›์€ ๋ชน์‹œ ๋ถ„๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
said, "Well, we're going to call the police, aren't we?"
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"์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์— ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?"
04:58
But Mr. Teszler answered, "No, that will not be necessary.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
He will not steal from us again."
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ํ›”์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Well, maybe he was too trusting, because he stayed where he was
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋‘‘์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์„ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š”
05:08
long after the Nazi Anschluss in Austria
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์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ๋‚˜์น˜ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„์—๋„ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๊ณ ,
05:10
and even after the arrests and deportations began in Budapest.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ถ€๋‹คํŽ˜์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ ์ฒดํฌ์™€ ๊ตญ์™ธ์ถ”๋ฐฉ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ›„์—์„œ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
He took the simple precaution of having cyanide capsules placed in lockets
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชฉ๊ฑธ์ด์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ์ƒ‰์˜ ์บก์Š๋งŒ์„ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋ ˆ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
that could be worn about the necks of himself and his family.
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์บก์Š์—๋Š” ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ๋‹ด๊ฒจ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
And then one day, it happened: he and his family were arrested
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ์–ด๋Š๋‚ , ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์€ ์ฒดํฌ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
and they were taken to a death house on the Danube.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‰ด๋ธŒ ๊ฐ• ์œ„์˜ ์‚ฌํ˜•์ˆ˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋™์— ๋ณด๋‚ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
In those early days of the Final Solution, it was handcrafted brutality;
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๋‹น์‹œ ๋‚˜์น˜๋“ค์ด ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ์„ ํ•™์‚ดํ•˜๋˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŒํ–‰๋“ค์ด ์†์ˆ˜ ํ–‰ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
people were beaten to death and their bodies tossed into the river.
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- ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งž์•š๊ณ , ์‹œ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ•์— ๋ฒ„๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. -
05:37
But none who entered that death house had ever come out alive.
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์ผ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‚ด์•„ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
And in a twist you would not believe in a Steven Spielberg film --
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธ ์Šคํ•„๋ฒ„๊ทธ ๊ฐ๋…์˜ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ
05:45
the Gauleiter who was overseeing this brutal beating was the very same thief
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ๋…ํ•˜๋˜ ๋‚˜์น˜ ์‚ฌ๋ น๊ด€์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋„๋‘‘์ž„์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
who had stolen socks from Mr. Teszler's hosiery mill.
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ์˜ ์–‘๋ง๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ์–‘๋ง์„ ํ›”์น˜๋˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋„๋‘‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
It was a brutal beating. And midway through that brutality,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์•ผ๋งŒ์ ์ธ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ ์†์—์„œ
05:59
one of Mr. Teszler's sons, Andrew, looked up and said,
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์”จ์˜ ์•„๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์—”๋“œ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
"Is it time to take the capsule now, Papa?"
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"์•„๋น , ์ด์ œ ์บก์Š์„ ๋จน์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?"
06:05
And the Gauleiter, who afterwards vanishes from this story,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜์น˜ ๊ฐ๋…๊ด€์€
06:09
leaned down and whispered into Mr. Teszler's ear,
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๋ชธ์„ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๊ตฝํžˆ๊ณ  ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ์˜ ๊ท€์— ์†์‚ญ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
"No, do not take the capsule. Help is on the way."
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"์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์บก์Š์„ ๋จน์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”."
06:15
And then resumed the beating.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
But help was on the way, and shortly afterwards
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„์›€์€ ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„
06:19
a car arrived from the Swiss Embassy.
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์Šค์œ„์Šค ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
They were spirited to safety. They were reclassified as Yugoslav citizens
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์œ ๊ณ ์Šฌ๋ผ๋น„์•„ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค๋กœ ์žฌ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
06:26
and they managed to stay one step ahead of their pursuers
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
for the duration of the War, surviving burnings and bombings
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์ „์‹œ ์ƒํ™ฉ ์ค‘์—์„œ ํ™”์žฌ์™€ ํญํƒ„์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:33
and, at the end of the War, arrest by the Soviets.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์Ÿ์ด ๋๋‚  ๋ฌด๋ ต ๊ทธ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ จ์ •๋ถ€์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
Probably, Mr. Teszler had gotten some money into Swiss bank accounts
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์•„๋งˆ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ์Šค์œ„์Šค ์€ํ–‰ ๊ณ„์ขŒ์— ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ˆ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
because he managed to take his family first to Great Britain,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์„ ๋จผ์ € ์˜๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ,
06:43
then to Long Island and then to the center of the textile industry in the American South.
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ ๋กฑ ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์˜ ์ง๋ฌผ์‚ฐ์—… ์ค‘์‹ ์ง€๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
Which, as chance would have it, was Spartanburg, South Carolina,
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์ด ์ง๋ฌผ์‚ฐ์—… ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€๋Š” South Carolina์˜ Spartanburg์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
the location of Wofford College.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์›ŒํŽ„๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
06:53
And there, Mr. Teszler began all over again and once again achieved immense success,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์„ฑ์ทจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
especially after he invented the process
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜€์ฃ .
07:01
for manufacturing a new fabric called double-knit.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋”๋ธ”๋‹ˆํŠธ(๊ฒน์œผ๋กœ ์ง  ์ฒœ)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฒœ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
And then in the late 1950s, in the aftermath of Brown v. Board of Education,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ 1950๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜ "Brown ๋Œ€ ๊ต์œก๋ถ€" ์†Œ์†ก์˜ ์—ฌํŒŒ ์†์—
07:11
when the Klan was resurgent all over the South,
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,๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์ „์—ญ์—์„œ KKK๋‹จ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถ€ํ™œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๋‹น์‹œ,
07:14
Mr. Teszler said, "I have heard this talk before."
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์”จ๋Š” "๋‚˜ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋„ ๋“ค์€ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
And he called his top assistant to him and asked,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ตœ ์ธก๊ทผ ๋ณด์กฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
"Where would you say, in this region, racism is most virulent?"
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"์ž๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ์•…๋ž„ํ•œ ๊ณณ์€ ์–ด๋””์ธ๊ฐ€?"
07:26
"Well, I don't rightly know, Mr. Teszler. I reckon that would be Kings Mountain."
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"ํ™•์‹คํžˆ๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ. ์•„๋งˆ Kings Mountain์ง€์—ญ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:31
"Good. Buy us some land in Kings Mountain
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"์ข‹๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ Kings Mountain์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋•…์„ ์ข€ ์‚ฌ ์ฃผ๊ฒŒ,
07:35
and announce we are going to build a major plant there."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์„œ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œ ์ข€ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ฒŒ."
07:37
The man did as he was told, and shortly afterwards,
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๋ณด์กฐ์ž๋Š” ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„
07:40
Mr. Teszler received a visit from the white mayor of Kings Mountain.
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Kings Mountain์˜ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
Now, you should know that at that time,
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์ด์ œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹œ์—
07:47
the textile industry in the South was notoriously segregated.
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๋‚จ๋ถ€์˜ ์ง๋ฌผ ์‚ฐ์—…์€ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„๋กœ ์•…๋ช… ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
The white mayor visited Mr. Teszler and said,
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๋ฐฑ์ธ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
"Mr. Teszler, I trust youโ€™re going to be hiring a lot of white workers."
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"ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ, ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:57
Mr. Teszler told him, "You bring me the best workers that you can find,
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ, "๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค์„ธ์š”,
08:01
and if they are good enough, I will hire them."
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:03
He also received a visit from the leader of the black community,
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ‘์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๋„ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:08
a minister, who said, "Mr. Teszler, I sure hope you're going to
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๊ทธ ์ง€๋„์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ, ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
08:10
hire some black workers for this new plant of yours."
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒˆ ๊ณต์žฅ์— ๋ช‡๋ช‡์˜ ํ‘์ธ ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค๋„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:12
He got the same answer: "You bring the best workers that you can find,
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๊ทธ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค์„ธ์š”.
08:16
and if they are good enough, I will hire them."
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:19
As it happens, the black minister did his job better than the white mayor,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ‘์ธ ์ง€๋„์ž๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์‹œ์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ๊พผ์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
08:22
but that's neither here or there.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ณ„ ์˜๋ฏธ ์—†๋Š” ๋ง์ด๊ณ ์š”.
08:23
Mr. Teszler hired 16 men: eight white, eight black.
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” 8๋ช…์˜ ๋ฐฑ์ธ๊ณผ 8๋ช…์˜ ํ‘์ธ, ์ด 16๋ช…์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
They were to be his seed group, his future foremen.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ค๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ํ˜„์žฅ๊ฐ๋…๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
He had installed the heavy equipment for his new process
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ƒˆ ๊ณต์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œก์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ
08:33
in an abandoned store in the vicinity of Kings Mountain,
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Kings Mountain์˜ ๋ถ€๊ทผ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ์ƒ๊ฐ€์— ์„ค๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
and for two months these 16 men would live and work together,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2๋‹ฌ๋™์•ˆ ์ด 16๋ช…์˜ ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
08:39
mastering the new process.
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์ƒˆ ๊ณต์ •๋ฐฉ์‹๋„ ํ„ฐ๋“์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
He gathered them together after an initial tour of that facility
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฒฌํ•™์„ ์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ชจ์•„
08:44
and he asked if there were any questions.
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
There was hemming and hawing and shuffling of feet,
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ํ—›๊ธฐ์นจ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์›ƒ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์„ ๋„๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:48
and then one of the white workers stepped forward and said,
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๋ฐฑ์ธ ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
"Well, yeah. Weโ€™ve looked at this place and there's only one place to sleep,
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"์งˆ๋ฌธ, ์žˆ์ฃ . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ž ์ž˜ ๊ณณ์ด ํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด๊ณ 
08:56
there's only one place to eat, there's only one bathroom,
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๋จน๋Š” ๊ณณ๋„ ํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด๋„ค์š”. ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค๋„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ตฌ์š”,
08:59
there's only one water fountain. Is this plant going to be integrated or what?"
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์Œ๋ฃŒ๋Œ€๋„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์–ด์š”. ์ด๊ณต์žฅ์€ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ฒ ํํ•  ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”, ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?"
09:05
Mr. Teszler said, "You are being paid twice the wages of any other textile workers in this region
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง๋ฌผ๊ณต์žฅ ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด 2๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์›”๊ธ‰์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
and this is how we do business. Do you have any other questions?"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?"
09:14
"No, I reckon I don't."
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"์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:15
And two months later when the main plant opened
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2๋‹ฌ ํ›„, ์ฃผ ๊ณต์žฅ์ด ์—ด๋ ธ๊ณ 
09:19
and hundreds of new workers, white and black,
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ํ‘์ธ๊ณผ ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์ด
09:21
poured in to see the facility for the first time,
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์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ณต์žฅ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ชจ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
they were met by the 16 foremen, white and black, standing shoulder to shoulder.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๊นจ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„œ์žˆ๋Š” 16๋ช…์˜ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
They toured the facility and were asked if there were any questions, and
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ๊ฒฌํ•™ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
inevitably the same question arose:
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ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
09:34
"Is this plant integrated or what?"
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"๋ญ์—์š”, ์ด ๊ณต์žฅ์€ ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์—†์•จ ์š”๋Ÿ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
09:36
And one of the white foremen stepped forward and said,
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16๋ช…์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
09:39
"You are being paid twice the wages of any other workers
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์›”๊ธ‰์„ 2๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
in this industry in this region and this is how we do business.
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ ์ด ์‚ฐ์—…์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
Do you have any other questions?"
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?"
09:49
And there were none. In one fell swoop,
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ . ๋‹จ๋ฒˆ์—
09:53
Mr. Teszler had integrated the textile industry in that part of the South.
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ๋‚จ๋ถ€์˜ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ง๋ฌผ ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
It was an achievement worthy of Mahatma Gandhi,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋งˆํ•˜ํŠธ๋งˆ ๊ฐ„๋””์˜ ์—…์  ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ‘์ง„ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
conducted with the shrewdness of a lawyer and the idealism of a saint.
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์ด ์ผ์€ ์„ฑ์ง์ž์˜ ์ด์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฏผํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
In his eighties, Mr. Teszler, having retired from the textile industry,
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” 80๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ง๋ฌผ ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ์€ํ‡ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ ,
10:10
adopted Wofford College,
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์›ŒํŽ„๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ํƒํ•ด
10:12
auditing courses every semester,
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๋งค ํ•™๊ธฐ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฒญ๊ฐ•ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
and because he had a tendency to kiss anything that moved,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
10:18
becoming affectionately known as "Opi" -- which is Magyar for grandfather --
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ •๋‹ค๊ฐํ•œ Opi(Magyar์–ด๋กœ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค)๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
by all and sundry. Before I got there, the library of the college
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์€
10:26
had been named for Mr. Teszler, and after I arrived in 1993,
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋”ฐ์„œ ์ž‘๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1993๋…„์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ํ›„์—๋Š”
10:31
the faculty decided to honor itself by naming Mr. Teszler Professor of the College --
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๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์ง์›๋“ค์ด ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ช…์˜ˆ๊ต์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ž„๋ช…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ž์ฒด์— ์˜๊ด‘์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
partly because at that point he had already taken
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์— ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ
10:39
all of the courses in the catalog, but mainly because
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์นดํƒˆ๋กœ๊ทธ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒŒ ์ด์œ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
10:42
he was so conspicuously wiser than any one of us.
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์ฃผ๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํ˜„๋ช…ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
To me, it was immensely reassuring that the presiding spirit
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ, ์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์€
10:51
of this little Methodist college in upstate South Carolina
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๋‚จ ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์ฃผ ๋ถ๋ถ€์˜ ์ด ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งˆํ•œ ๊ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์€
10:55
was a Holocaust survivor from Central Europe.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ค‘๋ถ€์—์„œ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ๋Œ€ํ•™์‚ด ์ƒ์กด์ž์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์ €์˜ ๊ธฐ์šด์„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ๋‹์•„์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Wise he was, indeed, but he also had a wonderful sense of humor.
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์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์œ ๋จธ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
And once for an interdisciplinary class,
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ,
11:06
I was screening the opening segment of Ingmar Bergman's "The Seventh Seal."
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์ €๋Š” ์ž‰๋งˆ๋ฅด ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์•ˆ ๊ฐ๋…์˜ "์ œ 7์˜ ๋ด‰์ธ" ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
As the medieval knight Antonius Block returns from the wild goose chase
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์ค‘์„ธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์•ˆํ† ๋‹ˆ์šฐ์Šค ๋ธ”๋กœํฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ญ์ž๊ตฐ ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ํ›„ ๋Œ์•„์™€
11:14
of the Crusades and arrives on the rocky shore of Sweden,
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์Šค์›จ๋ด์˜ ๋ฐ”์œ„ํˆฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
11:17
only to find the specter of death waiting for him,
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ "์ฃฝ์Œ"๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
Mr. Teszler sat in the dark with his fellow students. And
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ์–ด๋‘์ปด์ปดํ•œ ๊ต์‹ค์—์„œ ํ•™์šฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์•‰์•„์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
11:24
as death opened his cloak to embrace the knight
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"์ฃฝ์Œ"์ด ๋ธ”๋กœํฌ์˜ ์™ธํˆฌ๋ฅผ ์—ด์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
11:28
in a ghastly embrace, I heard Mr. Teszler's tremulous voice:
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,๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์ง€๋…ํ•œ ํฌ์˜น์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ์˜ ์ „์œจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
11:32
"Uh oh," he said, "This doesn't look so good." (Laughter)
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"์•„์ด์ฟ ์•ผ, ์ €๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ?"
11:36
But it was music that was his greatest passion, especially opera.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์—ด์ •์€ ์Œ์•…, ํŠนํžˆ ์˜คํŽ˜๋ผ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
And on the first occasion that I visited his house, he gave me
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
11:46
honor of deciding what piece of music we would listen to.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๊ด‘์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
And I delighted him by rejecting "Cavalleria Rusticana"
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์ €๋Š” "Cavalerria Rusticana"๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ 
11:54
in favor of Bela Bartok's "Bluebeard's Castle."
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๋ฒ ๋ž„ ๋ฐ”๋ฅดํ†ก ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€์˜ ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—ผ์˜ ์„ฑ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
I love Bartok's music, as did Mr. Teszler,
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์ €๋Š” ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ฅดํ†ก ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€์˜ ์Œ์•…์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
and he had virtually every recording of Bartok's music ever issued.
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ์ด์ œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐœ๋งค๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐ”๋ฅดํ†ก ์Œ์•…์„ ๋‹ค ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
And it was at his house that I heard for the first time
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
12:06
Bartok's Third Piano Concerto and learned from
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๋ฐ”๋ฅดํ†ก์˜ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ํ˜‘์ฃผ๊ณก 3๋ฒˆ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
12:09
Mr. Teszler that it had been composed in nearby Asheville, North Carolina
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๊ทธ ๊ณก์ด ๋ถ ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์ฃผ์˜ ์—์‰ฌ๋นŒ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ
12:14
in the last year of the composer's life.
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๋ฐ”๋ฅดํ†ก์˜ ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ™œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋…„๋„์— ์ž‘๊ณก๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
He was dying of leukemia and he knew it,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ž์‹ ๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
and he dedicated this concerto to his wife,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ํ˜‘์ฃผ๊ณก์„ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ถ€์ธ์ด์ž
12:22
Dita, who was herself a concert pianist.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ํ˜‘์ฃผ๊ณก์˜ ํ”ผ์•„๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ์˜€๋˜ Dita์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
And into the slow, second movement, marked "adagio religioso,"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "adagio religioso"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋œ ๋Š๋ฆฐ ์ €์Œ๋ถ€ ์†๋„์—
12:29
he incorporated the sounds of birdsong that he heard
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฐฝ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋“ค๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
12:33
outside his window in what he knew would be his last spring;
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ด„์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
he was imagining a future for her in which he would play no part.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
And clearly this composition is his final statement to her --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด ์ž‘๊ณก์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์œ ์–ธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
it was first performed after his death --
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์ด ๊ณก์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ ํ›„์—์•ผ
12:50
and through her to the world.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
And just as clearly, it is saying, "It's okay. It was all so beautiful.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ญ์‹œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„, ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›Œ.
12:59
Whenever you hear this, I will be there."
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๊ฑธ ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ."
13:03
It was only after Mr. Teszler's death that I learned
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ›„์—์•ผ ์ €๋Š”
13:08
that the marker on the grave of Bela Bartok in Hartsdale, New York
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๋‰ด์š•์˜ Hartsdale์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒจ๋ผ ๋ฐ”๋ฅดํ†ก์˜ ๋ฌ˜๋น„๋Š”
13:12
was paid for by Sandor Teszler. "Jรณ napot, Bela!"
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ถˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Yo napot, Bela!"
13:17
Not long before Mr. Teszlerโ€™s own death at the age of 97,
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๊ฐ€ 97์„ธ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋กœ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „,
13:22
he heard me hold forth on human iniquity.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃ„์•…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
I delivered a lecture in which I described history
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
13:28
as, on the whole, a tidal wave of human suffering and brutality,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ž”์ธํ•จ์˜ ํŒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
and Mr. Teszler came up to me afterwards with gentle reproach and said,
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ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—… ํ›„ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ๊ณต์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
"You know, Doctor, human beings are fundamentally good."
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"์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”, ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜, ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํ•œ ์กด์žฌ์—์š”."
13:43
And I made a vow to myself, then and there,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ € ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งน์„ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
that if this man who had such cause to think otherwise
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ด ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€
13:51
had reached that conclusion,
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์ „๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:53
I would not presume to differ until he released me from my vow.
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์ž๋ฅผ ์ด ๋งน์„ธ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
13:57
And now he's dead, so I'm stuck with my vow.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋งน์„ธ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
"Jรณ napot, Sandor!"
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"Yo napot, ์‚ฐ๋„๋ฅด ํ…Œ์ฆ๋Ÿฌ!"
14:03
I thought my skein of Hungarian mentors had come to an end,
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์ €๋Š” ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ์‹คํƒ€๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
but almost immediately I met Francis Robicsek, a Hungarian doctor --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค ๋กœ๋น…์ฒต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
14:14
actually a heart surgeon in Charlotte, North Carolina, then in his late seventies --
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์ฃผ ์ƒฌ๋กฏ์—์„œ ํ‰๋ถ€์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ์˜ 70๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์—
14:18
who had been a pioneer in open-heart surgery,
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์‹ฌ์žฅ์ ˆ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์˜ ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
and, tinkering away in his garage behind his house,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฐฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
14:24
had invented many of the devices that are standard parts of those procedures.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ์ ˆ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํ‘œ์ค€๋ถ€ํ’ˆ๋“ค๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์œผ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
He's also a prodigious art collector, beginning as an intern in Budapest
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ฐ€๋กœ์จ, ๋ถ€๋‹คํŽ˜์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ
14:34
by collecting 16th- and 17th-century Dutch art and Hungarian painting,
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16์„ธ๊ธฐ์™€ 17์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋…์ผ๊ณผ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ฐ€ ์ธํ„ด์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
14:38
and when he came to this country moving on to Spanish colonial art,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๊ฑด๋„ˆ์™”์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ณผ
14:43
Russian icons and finally Mayan ceramics.
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ดˆ์ƒํ™”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์•ผ ๋„์ž๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
He's the author of seven books, six of them on Mayan ceramics.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด 7๊ถŒ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์ถœํŒํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘ 6๊ถŒ์ด ๋งˆ์•ผ ๋„์ž๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
It was he who broke the Mayan codex, enabling scholars to relate
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ผ ํ•„์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ๋ถ€์‰ˆ๊ณ , ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ํ•™์ž๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ
14:53
the pictographs on Mayan ceramics to the hieroglyphs of the Mayan script.
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๋งˆ์•ผ ๋„์ž๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ˜•๋ฌธ์ž์™€ ๋งˆ์•ผ ํ•„์ ๋ณธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
On the occasion of my first visit, we toured his house
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์„ ์ฆˆ์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘์„ ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ–ˆ๊ณ 
15:00
and we saw hundreds of works of museum quality,
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๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—์„œ๋‚˜ ๋ณผ๋งŒํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
and then we paused in front of a closed door and Dr. Robicsek said,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ซํ˜€์ง„ ๋ฌธ ์•ž์—์„œ ์ž ์‹œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์—ˆ๋Š”๋„ค, ๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š”
15:08
with obvious pride, "Now for the piece De resistance."
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ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ , "์ž ์ด์ œ ์‚์—์Šค ๋ฐ ๋ ˆ์ง€์Šคํƒ•์Šค(์ฃผ์š”์ž‘ํ’ˆ)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
And he opened the door and we walked into a
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
windowless 20-by-20-foot room with shelves from floor to ceiling, and
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์ฐฝ๋ฌธ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์„ธ๋กœ 6๋ฏธํ„ฐ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ ์ฒœ์žฅ๊นŒ์ง€
15:20
crammed on every shelf his collection of Mayan ceramics.
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์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋„๋“  ์„ ๋ฐ˜์—๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ผ ๋„์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฝ‰ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
Now, I know absolutely nothing about Mayan ceramics,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ผ ๋„์ž๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
15:24
but I wanted to be as ingratiating as possible so I said,
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ์ตœ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋น„์œ„๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
15:27
"But Dr. Robicsek, this is absolutely dazzling."
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"๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋‹˜, ์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ถ€์‹œ๋„ค์š”!"
15:31
"Yes," he said. "That is what the Louvre said.
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"๋„ค" ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฃจ๋ธŒ๋ฅด ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
15:34
They would not leave me alone until I let them have a piece,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
15:38
but it was not a good one." (Laughter)
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค€ ๊ทธ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€ ์ฉ ์ข‹์€ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ ."
15:40
Well, it occurred to me that I should invite Dr. Robicsek
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์ €๋Š” ๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
15:44
to lecture at Wofford College on -- what else?
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์›Œํด๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ, ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ, ๋ ˆ์˜ค๋‚˜๋ฅด๋„ ๋‹ค ๋นˆ์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:47
-- Leonardo da Vinci. And further, I should invite him to meet
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๋”์šฑ์ด, ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
15:51
my oldest trustee, who had majored in French history at Yale
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์ €์˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ด์‚ฌ์™€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ ์ด์‚ฌ๋‹˜์€ ์˜ˆ์ผ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ „๊ณตํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ถ„์ด์‹ ๋ฐ
15:55
some 70-odd years before and, at 89, still ruled the world's
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๋Œ€๋žต 70์—ฌ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ „๊ณต์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ , 89์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
16:00
largest privately owned textile empire with an iron hand.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ์ง๋ฌผ ์™•๊ตญ์„ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ํ†ต์ œ์•„๋ž˜ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ ค ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
His name is Roger Milliken. And Mr. Milliken agreed,
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋กœ์ € ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ปจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ปจ์”จ๋„ ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
16:09
and Dr. Robicsek agreed. And Dr. Robicsek visited
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๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋„ ๋™์˜ํ•ด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ
16:12
and delivered the lecture and it was a dazzling success.
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๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ถ€์‹ค ์ •๋„๋กœ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:15
And afterwards we convened at the President's House with Dr. Robicsek
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๊ฐ•์—ฐ ํ›„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์žฅ์‹ค์— ๋ชจ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋ฅผ,
16:19
on one hand, Mr. Milliken on the other.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ปจ ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์š”.
16:20
And it was only at that moment, as we were sitting down to dinner,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•‰์•˜์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ
16:24
that I recognized the enormity of the risk I had created,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ธ ๊ทน์•…๋ฌด๋„ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฑ˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ๋‘๋ช…์˜ ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ๋“ค, ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ๊ฑฐ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์€
16:27
because to bring these two titans, these two masters of the universe
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16:30
together -- it was like introducing Mothra to Godzilla over the skyline of Tokyo.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋„์ฟ„ ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๋ชจ์Šค๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์งˆ๋ผ(๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์˜ํ™”์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ดด์ˆ˜)์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๊ฐœ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณ  ๊ฐ™์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
If they didn't like each other, we could all get trampled to death.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง“๋ฐŸํ˜€ ์ฃฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
16:38
But they did, they did like each other.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”!
16:40
They got along famously until the very end of the meal,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰๊นŒ์ง€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํžˆ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
and then they got into a furious argument.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งน๋ ฌํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
And what they were arguing about was this:
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
16:47
whether the second Harry Potter movie was as good as the first. (Laughter)
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๊ณผ์—ฐ ํ•ด๋ฆฌํฌํ„ฐ์˜ํ™” 2ํŽธ์ด 1ํŽธ๋งŒํผ ์ข‹๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
Mr. Milliken said it was not. Dr. Robicsek disagreed.
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๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ปจ์”จ๋Š” 2ํŽธ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
I was still trying to take in the notion that these titans,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด ๋‘๋ช…์˜ ๊ฑฐ์žฅ๋“ค์ด,
17:01
these masters of the universe, in their spare time watch Harry Potter movies,
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์ด ๋‘๋ช…์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํ•ด๋ฆฌํฌํ„ฐ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ปจ์”จ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋…ผ์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
when Mr. Milliken thought he would win the argument by saying,
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17:08
"You just think it's so good because you didn't read the book."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”!"
17:11
And Dr. Robicsek reeled back in his chair, but quickly gathered his wits,
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๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชธ์„ ์˜์ž์— ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋”๋‹ˆ ์žฌ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ
17:15
leaned forward and said, "Well, that is true, but I'll bet you went
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชธ์„ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฐ€๊ณ ๋Š”, "์Œ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
17:18
to the movie with a grandchild." "Well, yes, I did," conceded Mr. Milliken.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์†์ฃผ๋ž‘ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ด์š”." "๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ปจ์”จ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ชปํ•ด "์Œ, ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ์ธ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:23
"Aha!" said Dr. Robicsek. "I went to the movie all by myself." (Laughter) (Applause)
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๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” "์•„ํ•˜! ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™” ์ € ํ˜ผ์ž ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ตฌ์š”!"
17:28
And I realized, in this moment of revelation,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํญ๋กœ์ „์—์„œ
17:33
that what these two men were revealing was the secret
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์ด ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํญ๋กœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
17:37
of their extraordinary success, each in his own right.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ˜ผ์ž ํž˜์œผ๋กœ ํš๋“ํ•œ ๋น„๋ฒ”ํ•จ ์†ก๊ณก์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:40
And it lay precisely in that insatiable curiosity,
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์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์€ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ,
17:44
that irrepressible desire to know, no matter what the subject,
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๊ทธ ์–ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ์žํ•˜๋Š” ์š•๊ตฌ์•ˆ์— ๋†“์—ฌ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. - ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์ œ์ด๋˜๊ฐ„์—,
17:48
no matter what the cost,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋˜ ๊ฐ„์—,
17:50
even at a time when the keepers of the Doomsday Clock
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šด๋ช…์˜ ๋‚  ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์ด
17:53
are willing to bet even money that the human race won't be around
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋„ - ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ
17:56
to imagine anything in the year 2100, a scant 93 years from now.
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2100๋…„์ด ๋˜๋ฉด, ์ง€๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 93๋…„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”, ๊ทธ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—-
18:01
"Live each day as if it is your last," said Mahatma Gandhi.
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๋งˆํ•˜ํŠธ๋งˆ ๊ฐ„๋””๋Š” "๋งค์ผ ๋งค์ผ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‚ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ด๋ผ"๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
"Learn as if you'll live forever."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์›ํžˆ ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์„ธ์š”."
18:07
This is what I'm passionate about. It is precisely this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ด์ •์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
It is this inextinguishable, undaunted appetite for learning and experience,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•™์Šต๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”, ๊ตฝํž ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์š•๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:21
no matter how risible, no matter how esoteric,
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๋น„๋ก ์šฐ์Šค์›Œ๋ณด์ผ์ง€๋ผ๋„, ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ง€๋ผ๋„,
18:23
no matter how seditious it might seem.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์„ ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ์ง€๋ผ๋„์š”.
18:26
This defines the imagined futures of our fellow Hungarians --
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
Robicsek, Teszler and Bartok -- as it does my own.
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์ฆ‰, ๋กœ๋น…์ฒต ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์™€ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ์”จ์™€ ๋ฐ”๋ฅดํ†ก ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:37
As it does, I suspect, that of everybody here.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
To which I need only add, "Ez a mi munkank; es nem is keves."
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋›๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Ez a mi munkank; es nem is keves."
18:47
This is our task; we know it will be hard.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํž˜๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:52
"Ez a mi munkank; es nem is keves. Jรณ napot, pacรกk!" (Applause)
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"Ez a mi munkank; es nem is keves." Yo napot, pacak!

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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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