The emergence of "4D printing" | Skylar Tibbits

1,100,376 views ・ 2013-04-04

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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λ²ˆμ—­: WooHyang Seo κ²€ν† : Mike Park
00:12
This is me building a prototype
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이것은 μ œκ°€ 6μ‹œκ°„ λ‚΄λ‚΄
00:15
for six hours straight.
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제 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ μ‹œν—˜ μ œμž‘ μ›ν˜•μ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
This is slave labor to my own project.
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이건 제 μžμ‹ μ˜ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ— 막일꾼같은 노동을 ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
00:21
This is what the DIY and maker movements really look like.
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이게 DIYλ‚˜ κ°œλ°œμžλ“€μ΄ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” κ±°λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
And this is an analogy for today's construction and manufacturing world
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그리고 이것이 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ 건좕계와 μ œμ‘°μ—…κ³„μ˜ 싀상이죠.
00:31
with brute-force assembly techniques.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 쑰립 κΈ°μˆ μ„ ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
And this is exactly why I started studying
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이 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ €λŠ” μ• μ΄ˆμ— λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€μ΄ 자기 슀슀둜
00:37
how to program physical materials to build themselves.
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ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό 갖좔도둝 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 법을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
But there is another world.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ 세계가 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
Today at the micro- and nanoscales,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ 곡학은 λ‚˜λ…Έ λ‹¨μœ„λ‘œ μž…μžλ“€μ„ 닀루며
00:45
there's an unprecedented revolution happening.
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μ „λ‘€μ—†λŠ” 혁λͺ…을 이뀄내고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
And this is the ability to program physical and biological materials
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그리고 이게 λ°”λ‘œ λ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄λ‚˜ 생물이
00:52
to change shape, change properties
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λͺ¨μ–‘μ΄λ‚˜ μ„±μ§ˆμ„ 바꾸도둝 λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
00:54
and even compute outside of silicon-based matter.
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μ‹€λ¦¬μ½˜ 기반 물질 밖에도 계산할 수 있게 ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
There's even a software called cadnano
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심지어 "μΉ΄λ“œλ‚˜λ…Έ"λΌλŠ” μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:00
that allows us to design three-dimensional shapes
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λ‚˜λ…Έλ‘œλ΄‡μ΄λ‚˜ μ•½ 배달 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 등을
01:03
like nano robots or drug delivery systems
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3D둜 λ””μžμΈν•˜κ²Œ 도와주고
01:06
and use DNA to self-assemble those functional structures.
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DNAλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œ 그런 κΈ°λŠ₯적 ꡬ쑰듀을 μžκ°€ μƒμ‚°ν•˜κ²Œ ν•΄μ£Όμ£ .
01:10
But if we look at the human scale,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μΌμƒμ˜ 크기 μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ 보면
01:12
there's massive problems that aren't being addressed
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아직 λ‚˜λ…Έ κΈ°μˆ λ‘œλŠ” ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μ—†λŠ”
01:15
by those nanoscale technologies.
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
If we look at construction and manufacturing,
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건좕과 생산 면만 보더라도
01:20
there's major inefficiencies, energy consumption
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νš¨μœ¨μ„±μ΄ 높지도 μ•Šκ³ , μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ 많이 λ“œλŠ”λ°λ‹€
01:24
and excessive labor techniques.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 노동λ ₯이 μš”κ΅¬λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
In infrastructure, let's just take one example.
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기반 μ‹œμ„€ λ©΄μ—μ„œ 예λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜λ§Œ λ“€μ–΄ 보자면,
01:29
Take piping.
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νŒŒμ΄ν”„λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 보죠.
01:30
In water pipes, we have fixed-capacity water pipes
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νŒŒμ΄ν”„λ“€μ€ μΌμ •ν•œ μ–‘μ˜ λ¬Όλ§Œμ„
01:34
that have fixed flow rates, except for expensive pumps and valves.
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ν†΅κ³Όμ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„μ‹Ό λ°ΈλΈŒλ‚˜ νŽŒν”„ 등은 μ˜ˆμ™Έμ§€λ§Œμš”.
01:38
We bury them in the ground.
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우린 그것듀을 땅에 묻고
01:40
If anything changes -- if the environment changes,
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만일 ν™˜κ²½μ΄ 바뀐닀든가, μ§€λ°˜μ΄ 움직인닀든가
01:42
the ground moves, or demand changes --
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물의 μˆ˜μš”κ°€ 바뀐닀든가 ν•˜λŠ” λ³€ν™”κ°€ 생기면
01:45
we have to start from scratch and take them out and replace them.
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λ•…μ—μ„œ νŒŒμ΄ν”„λ“€μ„ 일일히 λ“€μ–΄λ‚΄κ³  μž¬μ„€μΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
So I'd like to propose that we can combine those two worlds,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” λ‚˜λ…Έ ν¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ
01:53
that we can combine the world of the nanoscale programmable adaptive materials
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적응성 물질과 κ±΄μΆ•μ΄λΌλŠ” 두 가지 세계λ₯Ό
01:58
and the built environment.
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ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ 합쳐 보렀고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
And I don't mean automated machines.
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μžλ™ 기계 같은 것을 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 건 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
I don't just mean smart machines that replace humans.
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λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 인간을 λŒ€μ‹ ν•  λ§Œν•œ μ„±λŠ₯ 쒋은 기계 μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
02:04
But I mean programmable materials that build themselves.
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자기 슀슀둜 ꡬ좕될 수 μžˆλŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
And that's called self-assembly,
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이것을 λ°”λ‘œ μžκ°€ 쑰립이라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
which is a process by which disordered parts build an ordered structure
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λ¬΄μ§ˆμ„œν•œ 각 뢀뢄듀이 뢀뢄적 μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©λ§Œμ„ 톡해
02:15
through only local interaction.
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ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μ§ˆμ„œ μ •μ—°ν•œ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
So what do we need if we want to do this at the human scale?
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이제, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이것을 μΌμƒμ˜ ν¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
02:20
We need a few simple ingredients.
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일단 κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μž¬λ£Œλ“€μ΄ μ’€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
The first ingredient is materials and geometry,
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첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ›κ³Ό λ°€μ ‘ν•˜κ²Œ κ΄€λ ¨λœ
02:25
and that needs to be tightly coupled with the energy source.
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λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€κ³Ό κΈ°ν•˜ν•™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
And you can use passive energy --
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그리고 λΉ„ν™œμ„± μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ„ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ£ .
02:30
so heat, shaking, pneumatics, gravity, magnetics.
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μ—΄, ν”λ“œλŠ” 동λ ₯, κΈ°λ ₯ν•™, 쀑λ ₯, 자λ ₯
02:35
And then you need smartly designed interactions.
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그리고 μ•„μ£Ό μ„Έλ°€ν•˜κ²Œ κ³„μ‚°λœ μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©μ΄ μš”κ΅¬λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
And those interactions allow for error correction,
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이런 μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©μ€ 였λ₯˜λ“€μ„ μˆ˜μ •ν•˜λ„λ‘ λ„μ™€μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
and they allow the shapes to go from one state to another state.
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그리고 λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€μ˜ λͺ¨μ–‘이 λ°”λ€” 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•΄ μ£Όμ£ .
02:44
So now I'm going to show you a number of projects that we've built,
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ 저희가 ν•œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ“€μ„ λͺ‡ 가지 보여 λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
from one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional
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1차원, 2차원, 3차원
02:51
and even four-dimensional systems.
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심지어 4μ°¨μ›κΉŒμ§€λ„μš”.
02:54
So in one-dimensional systems --
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1μ°¨μ›μ—μ„œλŠ”-
02:56
this is a project called the self-folding proteins.
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이것은 슀슀둜 μ ‘νžˆλŠ” λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
And the idea is that you take the three-dimensional structure of a protein --
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κΈ°λ³Έ 이둠은 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ˜ 3차원 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λ”°μ„œ
03:03
in this case it's the crambin protein --
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-- 이 κ²½μš°μ—” 크램빈 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
03:06
you take the backbone -- so no cross-linking, no environmental interactions --
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쀑좔 뢀뢄을 λ–Όλ‚΄μ„œ κ²°ν•© λΆ€λΆ„μ΄λ‚˜ μ£Όμœ„μ™€μ˜ μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš©μ΄ 없도둝 ν•˜κ³ 
03:09
and you break that down into a series of components.
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μž‘μ€ ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œλ“€λ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ„λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
And then we embed elastic.
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그리고 탄성을 띠게 ν•œ ν›„
03:15
And when I throw this up into the air and catch it,
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κ³΅μ€‘μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ˜μ‘Œλ‹€κ°€ λ‹€μ‹œ λ°›μœΌλ©΄
03:17
it has the full three-dimensional structure of the protein, all of the intricacies.
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μ•„μ£Ό 세뢀적인 μš”μ†Œλ“€κΉŒμ§€ μ™„λ²½ν•œ λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆ ꡬ쑰가 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
And this gives us a tangible model
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μ΄κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œμ¨ 3차원 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆ λͺ¨ν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•œ
03:24
of the three-dimensional protein and how it folds
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사싀적 정보와 그것이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ ‘νžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ“±
03:28
and all of the intricacies of the geometry.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 κΈ°ν•˜ν•™μ  λ³΅μž‘μ„±μ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
So we can study this as a physical, intuitive model.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것을 물리적, 직관적 λͺ¨λΈλ‘œ μ‚Όμ•„ 연ꡬ할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
And we're also translating that into two-dimensional systems --
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그리고 그것을 2μ°¨μ›μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΎΈμ–΄
03:36
so flat sheets that can self-fold into three-dimensional structures.
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ν‰ν‰ν•œ 판이 슀슀둜 3차원 ꡬ쑰둜 μ ‘νžˆκ²Œ ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:41
In three dimensions, we did a project last year at TEDGlobal
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3μ°¨μ›μ˜ 경우, μž‘λ…„μ— μ €ν¬λŠ” TEDκΈ€λ‘œλ²Œμ—μ„œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ μ§„ν–‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:45
with Autodesk and Arthur Olson
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"μ˜€ν† λ°μŠ€ν¬(Autodesk)"와 아더 올슨(Arthur Olson)κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜
03:47
where we looked at autonomous parts --
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μ €ν¬λŠ” λ…λ¦½μ μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°λŠ₯ν•˜λŠ” 뢀뢄듀을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜μ—¬
03:49
so individual parts not pre-connected that can come together on their own.
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미리 μ—°κ²°λ˜μ–΄μžˆμ§€ μ•ˆμ€ 각각의 뢀뢄듀이 슀슀둜 κ²°ν•©ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜μ—¬
03:53
And we built 500 of these glass beakers.
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이런 유리 비컀λ₯Ό 500개 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
They had different molecular structures inside
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이것듀은 내뢀에 μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ λΆ„μžμ  ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό κ°–κ³ 
03:58
and different colors that could be mixed and matched.
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ν˜Όν•©λ  수 μžˆλŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 색깔듀을 λ±λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
And we gave them away to all the TEDsters.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이것듀을 λͺ¨λ‘ TEDμΈλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‚˜λˆ λ“œλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
And so these became intuitive models
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이λ₯Ό 톡해 λΆ„μžμ  자기 결합이
04:05
to understand how molecular self-assembly works at the human scale.
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일상적 ν¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œμ§€ 이해할 수 μžˆλŠ” 직관적인 λͺ¨ν˜•μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
04:09
This is the polio virus.
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이것은 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
You shake it hard and it breaks apart.
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이것을 κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ 흔듀면 λΆ€μ„œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
And then you shake it randomly
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그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ 이것을 μ•„λ¬΄λ ‡κ²Œλ‚˜ 흔듀면
04:14
and it starts to error correct and built the structure on its own.
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μ € 슀슀둜 μ—°κ²°λ˜λ©° 골격을 ν˜•μ„±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:18
And this is demonstrating that through random energy,
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이둜써 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬΄μž‘μœ„μ  μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό 톡해
04:21
we can build non-random shapes.
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μž‘μœ„μ μΈ λͺ¨μ–‘을 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
We even demonstrated that we can do this at a much larger scale.
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이것을 훨씬 큰 μŠ€μΌ€μΌλ‘œλ„ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μž…μ¦ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
Last year at TED Long Beach,
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μž‘λ…„μ— TEDλ‘±λΉ„μΉ˜μ—μ„œ
04:31
we built an installation that builds installations.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ„€λΉ„λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” μ„€λΉ„ μž₯치λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
04:34
The idea was, could we self-assemble furniture-scale objects?
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가ꡬ 크기의 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ 자기 κ²°ν•©μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μš”μ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
So we built a large rotating chamber,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 일단 μ»€λ‹€λž€ νšŒμ „ 용기λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ„œ
04:40
and people would come up and spin the chamber faster or slower,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 그것을 λΉ λ₯΄λ“  λŠλ¦¬λ“  마음껏 돌렀볼 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜κ³ 
04:43
adding energy to the system
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μš©κΈ°μ— μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό 더해
04:45
and getting an intuitive understanding of how self-assembly works
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자기 결합에 κ΄€ν•œ 직관적 이해λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:48
and how we could use this
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그러면 이것을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄
04:50
as a macroscale construction or manufacturing technique for products.
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λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ κ΅¬μ‘°λ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜ μ œν’ˆ 생산에 μ μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”.
04:54
So remember, I said 4D.
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μ œκ°€ 4D라고 λ§ν–ˆμ—ˆμ£ ?
04:56
So today for the first time, we're unveiling a new project,
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였늘 μ €ν¬λŠ” 처음으둜 μ €ν¬μ˜ μƒˆ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό κ³΅κ°œν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
which is a collaboration with Stratasys,
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이것은 "μŠ€νŠΈλž˜νƒ€μ‹œμŠ€(Stratasys)"μ™€μ˜ ν•©μž‘ν’ˆμ΄κ³ 
05:02
and it's called 4D printing.
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4Dν”„λ¦°νŒ…μ΄λΌκ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
The idea behind 4D printing
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4Dν”„λ¦°νŒ…μ˜ κΈ°λ³Έ κ°œλ…μ€
05:05
is that you take multi-material 3D printing --
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닀쀑적 3Dν”„λ¦°νŒ…μ„ 톡해
05:08
so you can deposit multiple materials --
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볡합적 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. --
05:11
and you add a new capability,
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그리고 거기에 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κΈ°λŠ₯을 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
05:13
which is transformation,
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이것은 λ³€ν™˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€,
05:14
that right off the bed,
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λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄μžλ§ˆμž
05:16
the parts can transform from one shape to another shape directly on their own.
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이 뢀뢄듀은 ν•œ λͺ¨μ–‘μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨μ–‘μœΌλ‘œ 슀슀둜 λ³€ν™˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:20
And this is like robotics without wires or motors.
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μ „μ„ μ΄λ‚˜ λͺ¨ν„°μ—†λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡κ³Ό κ°™μ£ .
05:24
So you completely print this part,
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이 뢀뢄을 μ™„μ „νžˆ μΈμ‡„ν•˜λ©΄
05:25
and it can transform into something else.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨μ–‘μœΌλ‘œ μžκ°€ λ³€ν™˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
We also worked with Autodesk on a software they're developing called Project Cyborg.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 또 μ˜€ν† λ°μŠ€ν¬μ™€ ν•©μž‘ν•˜μ—¬ 'ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ 사이보그'λΌλŠ” μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:33
And this allows us to simulate this self-assembly behavior
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이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό 톡해 자기 κ²°ν•© νŠΉμ„±μ„ κ°€μ†μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
05:36
and try to optimize which parts are folding when.
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μ–΄λ–€ 뢀뢄이 μ–Έμ œ μ ‘νžμ§€λ„ μ‘°μ ˆν•΄ λ³Ό 수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
05:39
But most importantly, we can use this same software
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이것을 μ΄μš©ν•΄
05:42
for the design of nanoscale self-assembly systems
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λΆ„μž λ‹¨μœ„μ˜ 자기 κ²°ν•© μ‹œμŠ€ν…œκ³Ό
05:45
and human scale self-assembly systems.
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일상 크기 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ 의 자기 κ²°ν•© μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 섀계할 수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
These are parts being printed with multi-material properties.
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이것듀은 볡합 물질 μ„±μ§ˆμ„ 띠게 μ œμž‘λœ λΆ€ν’ˆλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:51
Here's the first demonstration.
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이것이 첫 번째 μ‹œλ²”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
A single strand dipped in water
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ν•œ κ°€λ‹₯을 물에 λ‹΄κ·ΈλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
05:55
that completely self-folds on its own
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이것은 μ™„μ „νžˆ 슀슀둜
05:57
into the letters M I T.
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MITλΌλŠ” κΈ€μžλ‘œ μ ‘νž™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:01
I'm biased.
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μ œκ°€ μ’€ 편ν–₯μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
This is another part, single strand, dipped in a bigger tank
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이것은 λ‹€λ₯Έ 예인데, 이 κ°€λ‹₯을 더 큰 λ¬Ό 톡에 λ„£μœΌλ©΄
06:06
that self-folds into a cube, a three-dimensional structure, on its own.
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3차원 ꡬ쑰인 μ •μœ‘λ©΄μ²΄μœΌλ‘œ 자기 λ³€ν™˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:11
So no human interaction.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ°œμž…ν•  ν•„μš”λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:13
And we think this is the first time
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 이것이
06:15
that a program and transformation
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨κ³Ό λ³€ν™˜ κΈ°λŠ₯이
06:17
has been embedded directly into the materials themselves.
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μ§μ ‘μ μœΌλ‘œ 물질 κ·Έ μžμ²΄μ— 심어진 첫 예라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:20
And it also might just be the manufacturing technique
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이것은 λ―Έλž˜μ— λ”μš± μ‘°μ •ν•˜κΈ° 쉽고 μœ μ—°ν•œ
06:23
that allows us to produce more adaptive infrastructure in the future.
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기반 μ‹œμ„€μ„ λ§Œλ“€κ²Œ ν•΄ 쀄 기술이 될 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆκ² μ§€μš”.
06:27
So I know you're probably thinking,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ•„λ§ˆ μ§€κΈˆ
06:28
okay, that's cool, but how do we use any of this stuff for the built environment?
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'멋지긴 ν•œλ°, 이걸 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν™˜κ²½ 건섀에 μ¨λ¨ΉλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 거지?'라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œκ² μ£ .
06:33
So I've started a lab at MIT,
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μ €λŠ” MITμ—μ„œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜λ‚˜ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
and it's called the Self-Assembly Lab.
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'자기 κ²°ν•© μ‹€ν—˜'μ΄λΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:37
And we're dedicated to trying to develop programmable materials
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이것은 ν™˜κ²½ 건섀에 μ“°μ΄λŠ”
06:40
for the built environment.
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 자기 κ²°ν•© λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
And we think there's a few key sectors
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그리고 μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” λͺ‡ 가지,
06:43
that have fairly near-term applications.
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곧 μ‘μš©μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 뢄야듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
One of those is in extreme environments.
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κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 맀우 극단적인 ν™˜κ²½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
These are scenarios where it's difficult to build,
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세상엔 건물을 μ§“κ±°λ‚˜, ν˜„μž¬μ˜ 건좕 기술이
06:50
our current construction techniques don't work,
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ν†΅ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν™˜κ²½λ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
it's too large, it's too dangerous, it's expensive, too many parts.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ°©λŒ€ν•˜κ³ , μœ„ν—˜ν•˜κ³ , λΉ„μš©μ΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 많이 λ“€κ³ ..λ“±λ“±
06:56
And space is a great example of that.
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μš°μ£ΌλŠ” 그런 μ•„μ£Ό 쒋은 예이죠.
06:58
We're trying to design new scenarios for space
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우주λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ νŠΉλ³„ ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ œμž‘ν•˜λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
that have fully reconfigurable and self-assembly structures
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ κ°€λ³€μ„±κ³Ό 자기 결합성을 띠고
07:04
that can go from highly functional systems from one to another.
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ꡉμž₯히 효율적이며 λ³€ν™˜ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ꡬ쑰적 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμœΌλ‘œμš”.
07:08
Let's go back to infrastructure.
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기반 μ„€λΉ„ μ–˜κΈ°λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€ λ³ΌκΉŒμš”?
07:10
In infrastructure, we're working with a company out of Boston called Geosyntec.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "μ§€μ˜€μ‹ ν…(Geosyntec)"μ΄λΌλŠ” λ³΄μŠ€ν„΄μ˜ νšŒμ‚¬μ™€ ν•©μž‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
And we're developing a new paradigm for piping.
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νŒŒμ΄ν”„ κΈ°μˆ μ— μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ νŒ¨λŸ¬λ‹€μž„μ„ λ„μž…ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
07:17
Imagine if water pipes could expand or contract
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물의 μ–‘κ³Ό 속도에 따라 자유둭게 λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚˜κ±°λ‚˜ μˆ˜μΆ•ν•˜λŠ”
07:20
to change capacity or change flow rate,
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λ°°μˆ˜κ΄€μ„ 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
07:23
or maybe even undulate like peristaltics to move the water themselves.
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μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μ—°λ™μ μœΌλ‘œ μΆœλ μ΄λ©΄μ„œ 물을 μ €μ ˆλ‘œ μš΄λ°˜ν• μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ .
07:27
So this isn't expensive pumps or valves.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 되면 λΉ„μ‹Ό νŽŒν”„λ‚˜ λ°ΈλΈŒκ°€ ν•„μš”μ—†κ²Œ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:30
This is a completely programmable and adaptive pipe on its own.
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κ·Έ 자체둜 μ™„λ²½νžˆ μ‘°μ • κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ³  μœ μ—°ν•œ νŒŒμ΄ν”„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
So I want to remind you today
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였늘 μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€κ»˜
07:36
of the harsh realities of assembly in our world.
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ꡬ쑰물 κ±΄μ„€μ˜ νž˜λ“  ν˜„μ‹€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:40
These are complex things built with complex parts
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이런 것듀은 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ„ΈλΆ€ μš”μ†Œλ“€μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬
07:43
that come together in complex ways.
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ κ²°ν•©λœ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ κ΅¬μ‘°λ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
So I would like to invite you from whatever industry you're from
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μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ„ κΈ°μ‘΄ μ‚°μ—… λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜
07:49
to join us in reinventing and reimagining the world,
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세상을 μž¬κ±΄μ„€ν•˜κ³  μž¬μ°½μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ,
07:53
how things come together from the nanoscale to the human scale,
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λ‚˜λ…Έ 척도뢀터 일상적 ν¬κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ μ—¬λŸ¬ μš”μ†Œλ“€μ΄ κ²°ν•©ν•˜λŠ” μ„Έκ³„λ‘œ μ΄ˆλŒ€ν•˜λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:57
so that we can go from a world like this
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그러면 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이런 μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ
08:00
to a world that's more like this.
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μ’€ 더 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ„ΈμƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜μ•„κ°ˆ 수 μžˆκ² μ§€μš”.
08:12
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
(Applause)
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(ν™˜ν˜Έ)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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