Anna Deavere Smith: Four American characters

185,392 views ใƒป 2007-03-23

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Eyal Ronel ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:25
So my grandfather told me when I was a little girl,
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ืกื‘ื™ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื”,
00:27
"If you say a word often enough, it becomes you."
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"ืื ืชื’ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ืœื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ืคืขืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื ืชื”ืคื•ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืช."
00:30
And having grown up in a segregated city, Baltimore, Maryland,
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ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืขื ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ืช, ื‘ื‘ืœื˜ื™ืžื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืจื™ืœื ื“,
00:33
I sort of use that idea to go around America with a tape recorder --
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืขื ืจืฉืžืงื•ืœ โ€“
00:36
thank God for technology --
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืืœ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” โ€“
00:38
to interview people, thinking that if I walked in their words --
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื™ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื, ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ืืฆืขื“ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื โ€“
00:41
which is also why I don't wear shoes when I perform --
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ื–ื• ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื—ืคื” ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœื™ โ€“
00:43
if I walked in their words, that I could sort of absorb America.
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ืื ืืฆืขื“ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื, ืืฆืœื™ื— ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœืกืคื•ื’ ืืช ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
00:47
I was also inspired by Walt Whitman,
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ื’ื ื”ื•ืฉืคืขืชื™ ืžื•ื•ืœื˜ ื•ื™ื˜ืžืŸ
00:48
who wanted to absorb America and have it absorb him.
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ืฉืจืฆื” ืœืกืคื•ื’ ืืช ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื•ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืกืคื•ื’ ืื•ืชื•.
00:51
So these four characters are going to be from that work
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ืœื›ืŸ ืืจื‘ืข ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ื‘ืจ
00:55
that I've been doing for many years now,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื,
00:56
and well over, I don't know, a couple of thousand people
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ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž... ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืืœืคื™ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื
00:59
I've interviewed.
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ืฉืจืื™ื™ื ืชื™.
01:00
Anybody out here old enough to know Studs Terkel, that old radio man?
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืฉื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ืกื˜ื“ืก ื˜ืจืงืœ ืžื”ืจื“ื™ื•?
01:05
So I thought he would be the perfect person
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฉืœื
01:07
to go to to ask about a defining moment in American history.
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ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ื ื ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
01:11
You know, he was "born in 1912, the year the Titanic sank,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ื•ื "ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘-1912, ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื˜ื™ื˜ื ื™ืง ื˜ื‘ืขื”.
01:15
greatest ship every built. Hits the tip of an iceberg,
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"ื”ืกืคื™ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ื‘ื ืชื” ืื™ ืคืขื. ืคื’ืขื” ื‘ืงืจื—ื•ืŸ
01:18
and bam, it went down. It went down and I came up. Wow, some century."
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"ื•ื˜ืจืื—, ื”ื™ื ืฉืงืขื”. ื”ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื’ืขืชื™. ื•ื•ืื•, ืื™ื–ื• ืžืื”."
01:26
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:28
So this is his answer about a defining moment in American history.
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ื–ื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืจื’ืข ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช:
01:32
"Defining moment in American history, I don't think there's one;
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ืจื’ืข ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช, ืœื ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ื–ื”.
01:37
you can't say Hiroshima, that's a big one --
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื”, ืจื’ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
01:39
I can't think of any one moment I would say is a defining moment.
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ืงืฉื” ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื• ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ.
01:42
The gradual slippage -- 'slippage' is the word
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ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช โ€“ ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ืžื™ืœื”
01:45
used by the people in Watergate, moral slippage --
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ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื˜ืจื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช โ€“
01:48
it's a gradual kind of thing, combination of things.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™, ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
01:50
You see, we also have the technology.
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ืืช ืžื‘ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
01:53
I say, less and less the human touch.
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ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื’ืข ืื ื•ืฉื™.
01:56
"Oh, let me kind of tell you a funny little play bit.
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ืื”, ืชื ื™ ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ืงื˜ืŸ.
01:59
The Atlanta airport is a modern airport,
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ื‘ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื” ื™ืฉ ืฉื“ื” ืชืขื•ืคื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™
02:01
and they should leave the gate there.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ืฉืขืจื™ื ืฉื
02:02
These trains that take you out to a concourse and on to a destination.
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ื™ืฉ ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืงื—ื•ืช ืื•ืชืš ืœืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ืžืฉื ืœื™ืขื“.
02:07
And these trains are smooth,
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ื”ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื ื•ืกืขื•ืช ื—ืœืง
02:09
and they're quiet and they're efficient.
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ื•ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช.
02:12
And there's a voice on the train, you know the voice was a human voice.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื•ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื–ื” ืงื•ืœ ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื–ื”.
02:16
You see in the old days we had robots, robots imitated humans.
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ืืช ืžื‘ื™ื ื”, ืคืขื ื”ื™ื• ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื, ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ืงื• ืื ืฉื™ื.
02:21
Now we have humans imitating robots.
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ืงื™ื ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื.
02:26
So we got this voice on this train: Concourse One: Omaha, Lincoln.
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ืื– ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ื›ื”: ืจื—ื‘ื” ืื—ืช: ืื•ืžื”ื”, ืœื™ื ืงื•ืœืŸ.
02:32
Concourse Two: Dallas, Fort Worth. Same voice.
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ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืชื™ื™ื: ื“ืืœืืก, ืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืจืช'. ืื•ืชื• ืงื•ืœ.
02:35
Just as a train is about to go, a young couple rush in
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืฉืจื›ื‘ืช ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืฆืืช, ื–ื•ื’ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืจืฅ ืคื ื™ืžื”
02:40
and they're just about to close the pneumatic doors.
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ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ืกื’ืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื“ืœืชื•ืช ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช,
02:43
And that voice, without losing a beat, says,
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ื•ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื‘ืงื•ืจ ืจื•ื—,
02:46
'Because of late entry, we're delayed 30 seconds.'
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"ืขืงื‘ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช, ื ืชืขื›ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื™ื•ืช."
02:49
Just then, everybody's looking at this couple with hateful eyes
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื– ื›ื•ืœื ื ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื ืจื•ืฉืคื™ื
02:54
and the couple's going like this, you know, shrinking.
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ื•ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•.
02:56
Well, I'd happened to have had a couple of drinks before boarding --
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืฉืชื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืขืœื™ืชื™ โ€“
02:59
I do that to steel my nerves -- and so
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื™ โ€“ ื•ืœื›ืŸ
03:02
I imitate a train call, holding my hand on my --
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ื”ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืคื ื™ ื›ืจื•ื– ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช, ืขื ื”ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื–ืŸ:
03:05
'George Orwell, your time has come,' you see.
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"ื’'ื•ืจื’' ืื•ืจื•ื•ืœ, ืฉืขืชืš ื”ื’ื™ืขื”."
03:09
Well, some of you are laughing. Everybody laughs
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื. ื›ื•ืœื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ื›ืฉืื ื™
03:11
when I say that, but not on this train. Silence.
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ืื•ืžืจ ืืช ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื™ื. ื“ืžืžื”.
03:15
And so suddenly they're looking at me.
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™.
03:16
So here I am with the couple, the three of us
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ื” ืื ื™ ืขื ื”ื–ื•ื’, ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื ื•
03:19
shrinking at the foot of Calvary about to be up, you know.
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ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœืฉืขื•ื˜ ืœืขื‘ืจื ื•,
03:23
"Just then I see a baby, a little baby in the lap of a mother.
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ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื– ืฉืžืชื™ ืœื‘ ืœืชื™ื ื•ืง ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืง ืืžื•.
03:30
I know it's Hispanic because she's speaking Spanish to her companion.
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ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืกืคืื ื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ืขื ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืชื”.
03:35
So I'm going to talk to the baby. So I say to the baby,
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ืื– ืคื ื™ืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•,
03:38
holding my hand over my mouth because my breath must be 100 proof,
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ื›ืฉื™ื“ื™ ืžื›ืกื” ืขืœ ื”ืคื” ืฉืœื™, ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื ื•ื“ืคื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืื“ื™ 100% ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ
03:42
I say to the baby, 'Sir or Madam,
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•, "ืื“ื•ื ื™ ืื• ื’ื‘ืจืชื™,
03:46
what is your considered opinion of the human species?'
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"ืžื”ื™ ื“ืขืชืš ื”ืžืœื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™?"
03:51
And the baby looks, you know, the way babies look at you clearly,
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ื•ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืฆืœื•ืœื”
03:53
starts laughing,
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ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฆื—ื•ืง,
03:54
starts busting out with this crazy little laugh.
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ืคื•ืจืฅ ื‘ืฆื—ื•ืง ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ ื•ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ,
03:57
I say, 'Thank God for a human reaction, we haven't lost yet.'
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, "ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืืœ ืขืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ืื™ื‘ื“ื ื•."
04:01
"But you see, the human touch, you see, it's disappearing.
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ืื‘ืœ ืชื‘ื™ื ื•, ื”ืžื’ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™, ืชื‘ื™ื ื•, ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ืขืœื.
04:03
You know, you see, you've got to question the official truth.
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชื”ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืืžืช ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช.
04:06
You know the thing that was so great about Mark Twain --
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ืžื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ืื“ื™ืจ ืืฆืœ ืžืืจืง ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ โ€“
04:09
you know we honor Mark Twain, but we don't read him.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืงื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžืืจืง ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
04:13
We read 'Huck Finn,' of course, we read 'Huck Finn' of course.
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ืงืจืื ื• ืืช ื”ืืงืœื‘ืจื™ ืคื™ืŸ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
04:16
I mean, Huck, of course, was tremendous.
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ื”ืืง, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ.
04:18
Remember that great scene on the raft, remember what Huck did?
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ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืฆื ื” ื”ื ื”ื“ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืจืคืกื•ื“ื”, ืžื” ื”ืืง ืขืฉื”?
04:21
You see, here's Huck; he's an illiterate kid; he's had no schooling,
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ื”ื ื” ื”ืืง, ื™ืœื“ ืื ืืœืคื‘ื™ืช, ืœื ื”ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ,
04:24
but there's something in him.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืฉื”ื•.
04:26
And the official truth, the truth was, the law was,
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ื•ื”ืืžืช ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช, ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ืชื”, ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื”,
04:29
that a black man was a property, was a thing, you see.
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ืฉืื“ื ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืจื›ื•ืฉ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืคืฅ, ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื.
04:32
And Huck gets on the raft with a property named Jim, a slave, see.
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ื•ื”ืืง ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืคืกื•ื“ื” ืขื ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื’'ื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื“.
04:36
And he hears that Jim is going to go and take his wife and kids
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืข ืฉื’'ื™ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื
04:40
and steal them from the woman who owns them,
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ื•ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื ืžื”ืืฉื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื”,
04:42
and Huck says, 'Ooh, oh my God, ooh, ooh --
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ื•ื”ืืง ืื•ืžืจ, "ืื•ื™ ื•ืื‘ื•ื™,
04:46
that woman, that woman never did anybody any harm.
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"ื”ืืฉื” ื”ื”ื™ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืคื’ืขื” ื‘ืืฃ ืื—ื“.
04:49
Ooh, he's going to steal; he's going to steal;
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"ืื•ื™, ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื’ื ื•ื‘,
04:50
he's going to do a terrible thing.'
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"ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืจื."
04:52
Just then, two slavers caught up, guys chasing slaves, looking for Jim.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื–, ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืจื•ื“ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืืช ื’'ื™ื.
04:57
'Anybody up on that raft with you?' Huck says, 'Yeah.'
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"ื™ืฉ ืืชืš ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขืœ ื”ืจืคืกื•ื“ื”?" ื”ืืง ืื•ืžืจ, "ื›ืŸ."
05:06
'Is he black or white?' 'White.' And they go off.
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"ื”ื•ื ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืื• ืœื‘ืŸ?" โ€“"ืœื‘ืŸ." ื•ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื.
05:13
And Huck said, 'Oh my God, oh my God, I lied, I lied, ooh,
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ื•ื”ืืง ืื•ืžืจ, "ืื•ื™ ื•ืื‘ื•ื™, ืฉื™ืงืจืชื™. ืื•ื™,
05:17
I did a terrible thing, did a terrible thing -- why do I feel so good?'
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"ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื ื•ืจื. ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘?"
05:22
"But it's the goodness of Huck, that stuff that Huck's been made of,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืืง, ืžื” ืฉื”ืืง ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืžื ื•,
05:24
you see, all been buried; it's all been buried.
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ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ื”ื›ืœ ื ืงื‘ืจ, ื”ื›ืœ ื ืงื‘ืจ.
05:26
So the human touch, you see, it's disappearing.
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ื”ืžื’ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ืขืœื.
05:29
So you ask about a defining moment --
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ื•ืืช ืฉื•ืืœืช ืขืœ ืจื’ืข ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ.
05:31
ain't no defining moment in American history for me.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืจื’ืข ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™.
05:33
It's an accretion of moments that add up to where we are now,
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ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื•,
05:36
where trivia becomes news.
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ื›ืฉื˜ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
05:38
And more and more, less and less awareness of the pain of the other.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื›ืื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ืจ.
05:44
Huh. You know, I don't know if you could use this or not,
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ื”ื”. ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืื• ืœื,
05:48
but I was quoting Wright Morris, a writer from Nebraska, who says,
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ืื‘ืœ ืฆื™ื˜ื˜ืชื™ ืืช ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืžื•ืจื™ืก, ืกื•ืคืจ ืžื ื‘ืจืกืงื”, ืฉืืžืจ,
05:52
'We're more and more into communications
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
05:55
and less and less into communication.'
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ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•.
06:00
Okay, kids, I got to scram, got to go see my cardiologist."
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ืคืฃ, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืชื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืงืจื“ื™ื•ืœื•ื’.
06:05
And that's Studs Terkel.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกื˜ื“ืก ื˜ืจืงืœ.
06:06
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
06:12
So, talk about risk taking. I'm going to do somebody that nobody likes.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื. ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื’ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื™ ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘.
06:19
You know, most actors want to do characters that are likeable --
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื’ืœื ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืื”ื•ื“ื•ืช โ€“
06:24
well, not always, but the notion, especially at a conference like this,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœื ืชืžื™ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื˜ื™ื™ื”, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื›ืœืคื™ ืงื”ืœ ื›ื–ื” โ€“
06:27
I like to inspire people.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืฉืจืื” ืืฆืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
06:29
But since this was called "risk taking,"
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื,
06:31
I'm doing somebody who I never do, because she's so unlikeable
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ืื ื™ ืื’ืœื ืžื™ืฉื”ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžื’ืœืžืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ืื”
06:35
that one person actually came backstage
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ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืคืขื ื‘ื ืืœื™ื™ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื
06:36
and told me to take her out of the show she was in.
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ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™.
06:40
And I'm doing her because I think we think of risk,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืื’ืœื ืื•ืชื” ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ
06:43
at a conference like this, as a good thing.
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ื‘ื›ื ืก ื›ื–ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
06:45
But there are certain other connotations to the word "risk,"
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืžื™ืœื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
06:48
and the same thing about the word "nature." What is nature?
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ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื˜ื‘ืข. ืžื” ื–ื” ื˜ื‘ืข?
06:51
Maxine Greene, who's a wonderful philosopher
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ืžืงืกื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ืŸ, ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืžื•ืคืœืื”
06:54
who's as old as Studs, and was the head of a philosophy --
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ื‘ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉืœ ืกื˜ื“ืก, ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“
06:58
great, big philosophy kind of an organization --
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ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืจืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื”,
07:02
I went to her and asked her what are the two things
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืืœื™ื” ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื”
07:04
that she doesn't know, that she still wants to know.
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ืžื”ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ืขืช.
07:07
And she said, "Well, personally, I still feel like I have to curtsey
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™, ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื”
07:09
when I see the president of my university.
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"ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขืœื™ ืœืงื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืคื•ื’ืฉืช ื‘ื•,
07:12
And I still feel as though I've got to get coffee
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"ื•ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืงืคื”
07:14
for my male colleagues, even though I've outlived most of them."
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"ืœืขืžื™ืชื™ื™ ื”ื–ื›ืจื™ื, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื."
07:16
And she said, "And then intellectually,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช,
07:19
I don't know enough about the negative imagination.
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"ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ืขืœ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœื™.
07:22
And September 11th certainly taught us
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"ื•ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ 11 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื•ืช
07:24
that that's a whole area we don't investigate."
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"ืฉื–ื”ื• ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœื ืฉื ืขื“ืจ ืžืžื—ืงืจื ื•."
07:26
So this piece is about a negative imagination.
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ืื– ื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ื‘ื ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœื™.
07:29
It raises questions about what nature is, what Mother Nature is,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื”ื• ื˜ื‘ืข, ืžื”ื• ื˜ื‘ืข ืื™ืžื”ื™,
07:33
and about what a risk can be.
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ื•ืžื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
07:35
And I got this in the Maryland Correctional Institute for Women.
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ื”ืงืœื˜ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืจื™ืœื ื“.
07:37
Everything I do is word for word off a tape.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืชืจืื• ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืงืœื˜ืช.
07:40
And I title things because I think people speak in organic poems,
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ืื ื™ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืจื” ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ืช
07:44
and this is called "A Mirror to Her Mouth."
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ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื
07:45
And this is an inmate named Paulette Jenkins.
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"ืžืจืื” ืžื•ืœ ื”ืคื” ืฉืœื”." ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืืกื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื ืคื•ืœื˜ ื’'ื ืงื™ื ืก.
07:56
"I began to learn how to cover it up,
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ื–ืืช,
08:00
because I didn't want nobody to know that this was happening in my home.
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ื›ื™ ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื’ืœื” ืฉื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืืฆืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
08:05
I want everybody to think we were a normal family.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช.
08:08
I mean we had all the materialistic things,
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ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื,
08:11
but that didn't make my children pain any less;
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื’ืจื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืื‘,
08:14
that didn't make their fears subside.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื’ืจื ืœืคื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ื™ืขืœื.
08:17
I ran out of excuses about how we got black eyes
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ื ื’ืžืจื• ืœื™ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื•,
08:20
and busted lips and bruises. I didn't had no more excuses.
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ื”ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ื”ืคืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช. ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื.
08:24
And he beat me too. But that didn't change the fact
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืฅ ื’ื ืœื™. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”
08:27
that it was a nightmare for my family; it was a nightmare.
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ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื•ื˜ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื•ื˜.
08:31
And I failed them dramatically,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื ื›ืฉืœืชื™ ืงืฉื•ืช,
08:33
because I allowed it to go on and on and on.
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ื›ื™ ื ืชืชื™ ืœื–ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“.
08:37
"But the night that Myesha got killed --
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืžืื™ืฉื” ื ื”ืจื’ื” โ€“
08:39
and the intensity just grew and grew and grew,
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ื•ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืจืง ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื’ื“ืœื”,
08:43
until one night we came home from getting drugs,
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ืขื“ ืฉืœื™ืœื” ืื—ื“ ื—ื–ืจื ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืžืื™ืคื” ืฉืœืงื—ื ื• ืกืžื™ื,
08:48
and he got angry with Myesha, and he started beating her,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืขืฆื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืื™ืฉื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืจื‘ื™ืฅ ืœื”,
08:51
and he put her in a bathtub. Oh, he would use a belt.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ื’ื•ืจื”.
08:54
He had a belt because he had this warped perverted thing
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื—ื’ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžืขื•ื•ืช
08:57
that Myesha was having sex with her little brother
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ืฉืžืื™ืฉื” ืฉื•ื›ื‘ืช ืขื ืื—ื™ื” ื”ืงื˜ืŸ
08:59
and they was fondling each other -- that would be his reason.
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ื•ื”ื ื ื’ืขื• ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื•.
09:01
I'm just talking about the particular night that she died.
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ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืชื”.
09:05
And so he put her in the bathtub,
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื”,
09:08
and I was in the bedroom with the baby.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืขื ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง.
09:09
"And four months before this happened, four months before Myesha died,
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ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื” ืงืจื”, ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืื™ืฉื” ืžืชื”,
09:13
I thought I could really fix this man. So I had a baby by him -- insane --
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืžืฉ ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื•. ืื– ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื• ืชื™ื ื•ืง. ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช,
09:19
thinking that if I gave him his own kid, he would leave mine alone.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ืืชืŸ ืœื• ื™ืœื“ ืžืฉืœื•, ื”ื•ื ื™ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืฉืงื˜.
09:22
And it didn't work, didn't work.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืขื‘ื“. ืœื ืขื‘ื“.
09:26
And I ended up with three children, Houston, Myesha and Dominic,
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื™ื•ืกื˜ื•ืŸ, ืžืื™ืฉื” ื•ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืง,
09:30
who was four months old when I came to jail.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื›ืœื.
09:33
"And I was in the bedroom. Like I said, he had her in the bathroom
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื”. ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืงืœื—ืช
09:35
and he -- he -- every time he hit her, she would fall.
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ื•ื”ื•ื... ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ื˜ ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื ื ืคืœื”.
09:40
And she would hit her head on the tub. It happened continuously, repeatedly.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ื˜ ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื”. ื–ื” ืงืจื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ื‘ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช.
09:45
I could hear it, but I dared not to move. I didn't move.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืขื–ืชื™ ืœื–ื•ื–. ืœื ื–ื–ืชื™.
09:49
I didn't even go and see what was happening.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”.
09:51
I just sat there and listened.
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ืจืง ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื ื•ื”ืงืฉื‘ืชื™.
09:54
And then he put her in the hallway.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืกื“ืจื•ืŸ.
09:59
He told her, just set there. And so she set there for about four or five hours.
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื”, ืฉื‘ื™ ืฉื. ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื ืืจื‘ืข ืื• ื—ืžืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช.
10:06
And then he told her, get up.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื”, ืงื•ืžื™,
10:09
And when she got up, she says she couldn't see.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืžื”, ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืจืื•ืช.
10:12
Her face was bruised. She had a black eye.
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ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช. ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ืคื ืก ื‘ืขื™ืŸ.
10:17
All around her head was just swollen;
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ื›ืœ ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืคื•ื—,
10:19
her head was about two sizes of its own size.
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ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœื•.
10:25
I told him, 'Let her go to sleep.' He let her go to sleep.
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•, ืชืŸ ืœื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ.
10:32
"The next morning she was dead.
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ืœืžื—ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืชื”.
10:37
He went in to check on her for school, and he got very excited.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืœืš ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืจื’ืฉ ื ื•ืจื.
10:40
He says, 'She won't breathe.'
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ื•ืฉืžืช.
10:42
I knew immediately that she was dead.
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ืื ื™ ืชื™ื›ืฃ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื”.
10:46
I didn't even want to accept the fact that she was dead, so I went in
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื”, ืื– ื ื›ื ืกืชื™
10:49
and I put a mirror to her mouth --
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ื•ืฉืžืชื™ ืžืจืื” ืžื•ืœ ื”ืคื” ืฉืœื” โ€“
10:51
there was no thing, nothing, coming out of her mouth.
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ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื•ื, ืœื ื™ืฆื ื›ืœื•ื ืžื”ืคื” ืฉืœื”.
10:55
He said, he said, he said,
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ,
10:56
'We can't, we can't let nobody find out about this.'
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ืืกื•ืจ, ืืกื•ืจ ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ื™ื’ืœื”.
10:58
He say, 'You've got to help me.' I agree. I agree.
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™. ืื ื™ ื”ืกื›ืžืชื™. ื”ืกื›ืžืชื™.
11:02
"I mean, I've been keeping a secret for years and years and years,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉืžืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื ื™ื,
11:05
so it just seemed like second hand to me, just to keep on keeping it a secret.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉื ื™, ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืกื•ื“.
11:09
So we went to the mall and we told a police that we had, like, lost her,
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ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืืžืจื ื• ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืฉื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“,
11:15
that she was missing.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืขื“ืจืช.
11:18
We told a security guard that she was missing,
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ืืžืจื ื• ืœืžืื‘ื˜ื— ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืขื“ืจืช,
11:24
though she wasn't missing.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืขื“ืจืช.
11:26
And we told the security guard what we had put on her
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ื•ืืžืจื ื• ืœืžืื‘ื˜ื— ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืœื‘ืฉื ื• ืื•ืชื”
11:28
and we went home and we dressed her in exactly the same thing
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ื•ื—ื–ืจื ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ื”ืœื‘ืฉื ื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื
11:31
that we had told the security guard that we had put on her.
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ืฉืืžืจื ื• ืœืžืื‘ื˜ื— ืฉื”ืœื‘ืฉื ื• ืื•ืชื”.
11:35
"And then we got the baby and my other child,
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ื•ืื– ืœืงื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ืฉื ื™
11:40
and we drove out to, like, I-95.
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ื•ื ืกืขื ื• ืœื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืื™ื™-95.
11:47
I was so petrified and so numb,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื‘ื•ื”ืœืช ื•ืงื”ืช ื—ื•ืฉื™ื,
11:50
all I could look was in the rear-view mirror.
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืจืง ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช.
11:55
And he just laid her right on the shoulder of the highway.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื™ื— ืื•ืชื” ืžืžืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ.
12:05
My own child, I let that happen to."
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ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ืฉืœื™, ืฉื ืชืชื™ ืœื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช ืœื”.
12:15
So that's an investigation of the negative imagination.
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ืื– ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™.
12:20
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
12:25
When I started this project
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื”
12:27
called "On the Road: A Search For an American Character"
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ืฉื ืงืจื "ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื: ื”ืชื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช"
12:29
with my tape recorder, I thought that I was going to go around America
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ืขื ื”ืจืฉืžืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื™, ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืืžืจื™ืงื”
12:31
and find it in all its aspects -- bull riders, cowboys, pig farmers,
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ื•ืื’ืœื” ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื” โ€“ ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื, ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื,
12:36
drum majorettes -- but I sort of got tripped on race relations,
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ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืœื›ืช โ€“ ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื ืงืœืขืชื™ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื’ื–ืข,
12:40
because my first big show was a show about a race riot.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืคืข ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืขืกืง ื‘ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื’ื–ืขื™.
12:43
And so I went to both -- two race riots,
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ื›ืš ื™ืฆื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื’ื–ืข,
12:46
one of which was the Los Angeles riot. And this next piece is from that.
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ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืœื•ืก ืื ื’'ืœืก, ื•ื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ื‘ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ื›ื”.
12:49
Because this is what I would say
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ื›ื™ ืœืชื—ื•ืฉืชื™
12:51
I've learned the most about race relations, from this piece.
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ืจื•ื‘ ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื–ืขื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ื–ื”.
12:55
It's a kind of an aria, I would say, and in many tapes that I have.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืืจื™ื”, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™.
12:59
Everybody knows that the Los Angeles riots happened
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ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ืก ืื ื’'ืœืก ืงืจื•
13:02
because four cops beat up a black man named Rodney King.
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืืจื‘ืขื” ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื›ื• ืื™ืฉ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืจื•ื“ื ื™ ืงื™ื ื’.
13:05
It was captured on videotape -- technology --
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ื–ื” ืชื•ืขื“ ื‘ืงืœื˜ืช ื•ื™ื“ืื• โ€“ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” โ€“
13:07
and it was played all over the world.
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ื•ืฉื•ื“ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
13:09
Everybody thought the four cops would go to jail.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื™ืœื›ื• ืœื›ืœื.
13:10
They did not, so there were riots.
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ื”ื ืœื ื”ืœื›ื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช.
13:13
And what a lot of people forget, is there was a second trial,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ื—ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉื ื™,
13:15
ordered by George Bush, Sr.
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ืฉืงื‘ืข ื’'ื•ืจื’' ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืื‘,
13:17
And that trial came back with two cops going to jail
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ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ืขื ืฉื ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ืœื›ืœื
13:22
and two cops declared innocent. I was at that trial.
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ื•ืฉื ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจื–ื• ื—ืคื™ื ืžืคืฉืข. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื”ื•ื.
13:25
And I mean, the people just danced in the streets
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืจืงื“ื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช
13:27
because they were afraid there was going to be another riot.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคื—ื“ื• ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช.
13:29
Explosion of joy that this verdict had come back this way.
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ื”ื™ื” ืคืจืฅ ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉื’ื–ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ื—ืชื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช.
13:32
So there was a community that didn't -- the Korean-Americans,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืฉืœื ืฉืžื—ื” โ€“ ื”ืงื•ืจื™ืื ื™ื-ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื,
13:36
whose stores had been burned to the ground.
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ืฉื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื ืฉืจืคื• ืขื“ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“.
13:38
And so this woman, Mrs. Young-Soon Han,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื’ื‘ืจืช ื™ื•ื ื’-ืกื•ืŸ ื”ืืŸ,
13:40
I suppose will have taught me the most that I have learned about race.
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ืœื™ืžื“ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœื”ืขืจื›ืชื™ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื’ื–ืข.
13:44
And she asks also a question that Studs talks about:
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืฉื•ืืœืช ืฉืืœื” ืฉืกื˜ื“ืก ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื”:
13:47
this notion of the "official truth," to question the "official truth."
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ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืืžืช ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช, ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช.
13:50
So what she's questioning here, she's taking a chance
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ื”ื” ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืžื ืฆืœืช ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช
13:52
and questioning what justice is in society.
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ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืฆื“ืง ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”.
13:55
And this is called, "Swallowing the Bitterness."
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ื•ื”ืงื˜ืข ื ืงืจื "ืœื‘ืœื•ืข ืืช ื”ืžืจื™ืจื•ืช."
13:59
"I used to believe America was the best.
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ืคืขื ื”ืืžื ืชื™ ืฉืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
14:04
I watched in Korea many luxurious Hollywood lifestyle movie.
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ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ืจื™ืื” ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืคืข ื•ืคื ืื™.
14:12
I never saw any poor man, any black.
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ื•ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ื ืื“ื ืขื ื™, ืืฃ ืื“ื ืฉื—ื•ืจ.
14:17
Until 1992, I used to believe America was the best -- I still do;
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ืขื“ 1992 ื”ืืžื ืชื™ ืฉืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื•ืขื•ื“ื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื”,
14:21
I don't deny that because I am a victim.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉื” ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ.
14:25
But at the end of '92, when we were in such turmoil,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 92' ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื–ื” ื–ืขื–ื•ืข
14:30
and having all the financial problems, and all the mental problems,
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ื•ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช,
14:34
I began to really realize that Koreans
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ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉื”ืงื•ืจื™ืื ื™ื
14:38
are completely left out of this society and we are nothing.
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ื ืคืœื˜ื• ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื›ืœื•ื.
14:45
Why? Why do we have to be left out?
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ืœืžื”? ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ?
14:48
We didn't qualify for medical treatment, no food stamp, no GR,
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™, ืชืœื•ืฉื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื”
14:54
no welfare, anything. Many African-Americans who never work
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ืื• ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื ื–ืงืงื™ื, ื›ืœื•ื. ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืืคืจื•-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืฉืœื ืขื‘ื“ื•
15:01
got minimum amount of money to survive.
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ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืกืฃ ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืœืžื—ื™ื™ืชื.
15:05
We didn't get any because we have a car and a house.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื›ืœื•ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืช
15:13
And we are high taxpayer. Where do I find justice?
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืžื™ืกื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื. ืื™ืคื” ื ืžืฆื ื”ืฆื“ืง?
15:24
"OK. OK? OK. OK.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
15:31
Many African-Americans probably think that they won by the trial.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืคืจื•-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜.
15:35
I was sitting here watching them the morning after the verdict,
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ืื ื™ ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื›ืืŸ ื•ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ,
15:38
and all the day they were having a party, they celebrated,
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื ืขืฉื• ืžืกื™ื‘ื”, ื—ื’ื’ื•,
15:42
all of South Central, all the churches. And they say,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืกืื•ืช' ืกื ื˜ืจืœ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช. ื”ื ืืžืจื•,
15:45
'Well, finally justice has been done in this society.'
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืฆื“ืง ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช.
15:51
Well, what about victims' rights?
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช?
15:54
They got their rights by destroying innocent Korean merchants.
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ื”ื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืจืก ืฉืœ ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื ืงื•ืจื™ืื ื™ื™ื ืชืžื™ืžื™ื.
16:07
They have a lot of respect, as I do, for Dr. Martin King.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืจื‘, ื•ื’ื ืœื™, ืœื“"ืจ ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื’.
16:14
He is the only model for black community; I don't care Jesse Jackson.
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ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื”; ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื’'ืกื™ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ.
16:21
He is the model of non-violence, non-violence --
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ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืคืช ืœืื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื‘ืœื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช โ€“
16:25
and they would all like to be in his spirit.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื–ื•ื ื•.
16:30
"But what about 1992? They destroyed innocent people.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘-1992? ื”ื ื”ืจืกื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืชืžื™ืžื™ื.
16:37
And I wonder if that is really justice
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ื•ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืฆื“ืง ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื,
16:41
for them, to get their rights in that way.
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื•.
16:48
I was swallowing the bitterness, sitting here alone and watching them.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืœืขืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืจื™ืจื•ืช, ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื›ืืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื™ ื•ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื.
16:57
They became so hilarious, but I was happy for them.
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ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื—ื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืฉืžื—ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืžื—ืชื.
17:04
I was glad for them. At least they got something back, OK.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื•ืฉืจืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื”, ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
17:09
Let's just forget about Korean victims and other victims
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ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืงื•ืจื™ืื ื™ื ื•ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื
17:16
who were destroyed by them.
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ืฉื”ื ื”ืจืกื•.
17:21
They fought for their rights for over two centuries,
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ื”ื ื ืœื—ืžื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื™ื,
17:30
and maybe because they sacrifice other minorities,
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
17:33
Hispanic, Asian, we would suffer more in the mainstream.
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ื”ื”ื™ืกืคืื ื™ื, ื”ืืกื™ืืชื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืกื‘ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
17:38
That's why I understand;
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ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื”,
17:39
that's why I have a mixed feeling about the verdict.
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ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื’ื–ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.
17:42
"But I wish that, I wish that, I wish that
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™, ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™, ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™
17:47
I could be part of the enjoyment.
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”.
17:50
I wish that I could live together with black people.
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ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื.
17:57
But after the riot, it's too much difference.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•.
18:07
The fire is still there. How do you say it? [Unclear].
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ื”ืืฉ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžืฆืืช ืฉื. ืื™ืš ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื”?
18:14
Igniting, igniting, igniting fire. Igniting fire.
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ืžืฉืœื”ื‘ืช. ืืฉ ืžืฉืœื”ื‘ืช, ืžืฉืœื”ื‘ืช. ื”ืืฉ ืžืฉืœื”ื‘ืช.
18:22
It's still there; it can burst out anytime."
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ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื; ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืจืฅ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข.
18:34
Mrs. Young-Soon Han.
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ื’ื‘ืจืช ื™ื•ื ื’-ืกื•ืŸ ื”ืืŸ.
18:36
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
18:44
The other reason that I don't wear shoes
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื ื•ืขืœืช ื ืขืœื™ื™ื
18:48
is just in case I really feel like I have to cuddle up
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ื”ื™ื ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉื™ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ ื—ืฉืง ืœื”ืชื›ืจื‘ืœ
18:51
and get into the feet of somebody,
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ื•ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•,
18:53
walking really in somebody else's shoes.
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ืžืžืฉ ืœืฆืขื•ื“ ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
18:55
And I told you that in -- you know, I didn't give you the year,
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ื•ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœื›ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉ... ืœื ืืžืจืชื™ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืฉื ื”,
18:58
but in '79 I thought that I was going to go around
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘-79' ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
19:01
and find bull riders and pig farmers and people like that,
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ื•ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืืœื”,
19:03
and I got sidetracked on race relations.
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ื•ื›ืš ื™ืฆื ืฉืกื˜ื™ืชื™ ืžืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืืœ ืขืกืงื™ ื”ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื.
19:06
Finally, I did find a bull rider, two years ago.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืืžืช ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืจื•ื›ื‘ ืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื.
19:09
And I've been going to the rodeos with him, and we've bonded.
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ื•ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืื™ืชื• ืœืžื•ืคืขื™ ืจื•ื“ืื•, ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื ื•.
19:12
And he's the lead in an op-ed I did about the Republican Convention.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืงื˜ืข ื”ืกืื˜ื™ืจื™ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ืืกื™ืคื” ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ืช.
19:17
He's a Republican -- I won't say anything about my party affiliation, but anyway --
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ื”ื•ื ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™. ืื ื™ ืœื ืื’ื™ื“ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื ื˜ื™ื•ืชื™ื™ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ...
19:22
so this is my dear, dear Brent Williams,
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ืื– ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืจื ื˜ ื•ื™ืœื™ืืžืก ื”ื™ืงืจ ืœื™ ืžืื•ื“,
19:26
and this is on toughness,
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ื‘ืงื˜ืข ืขืœ ืงืฉื™ื—ื•ืช,
19:27
in case anybody needs to know about being tough
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ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ื—
19:30
for the work that you do. I think there's a real lesson in this.
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžื ื•.
19:33
And this is called "Toughness."
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ื”ืงื˜ืข ื ืงืจื "ืงืฉื™ื—ื•ืช."
19:36
"Well, I'm an optimist. I mean basically I'm an optimist.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™. ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืื ื™ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™.
19:41
I mean, you know, I mean, it's like my wife, Jolene,
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืืฉืชื™, ื’'ื•ืœื™ืŸ,
19:43
her family's always saying,
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ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืื•ืžืจืช,
19:45
you know, you ever think he's just a born loser?
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ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืœื•ื–ืจ ืžืœื™ื“ื”,
19:47
It seems like he has so much bad luck, you know.
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ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื–ืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจืข.
19:49
But then when that bull stepped on my kidney, you know,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื›ืฉื”ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื”,
19:51
I didn't lose my kidney -- I could have lost my kidney,
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ืœื ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื”. ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื”,
19:53
I kept my kidney, so I don't think I'm a born loser.
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉืžืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืืฆืœื™, ืื– ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื•ื–ืจ ืžืœื™ื“ื”.
19:55
I think that's good luck.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืžื–ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
19:56
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
19:58
"And, I mean, funny things like this happen.
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ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืงื•ืจื™ื.
20:00
I was in a doctor's office last CAT scan,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืคืขื ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืœืฆื™ืœื•ื ืจื ื˜ื’ืŸ,
20:04
and there was a Reader's Digest, October 2002.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื™ืจื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2002.
20:07
It was like, 'seven ways to get lucky.' And it says
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืžืืžืจ, ืฉื‘ืข ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžื–ืœ,
20:10
if you want to get lucky,
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ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื ืฉืื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื–ืœ,
20:11
you know, you've got to be around positive people.
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื.
20:13
I mean, like even when I told my wife that you want to come out here
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืœืืฉืชื™ ืฉืืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื•ื ื”ื ื”
20:17
and talk to me, she's like, 'She's just talking;
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ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื™, ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, ื–ืืชื™ ืกืชื ืื•ืžืจืช,
20:19
she's just being nice to you. She's not going to do that.'
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ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืืช ื ื—ืžื“ื”. ื”ื™ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืชื‘ื•ื ื”ื ื”.
20:21
"And then you called me up and you said you wanted to come out here
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ื•ืื– ืืช ืฆืœืฆืœืช ืืœื™ื™ ื•ืืžืจืช ืฉืืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื•ื ื”ื ื”
20:23
and interview me and she went and looked you up on the Internet.
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ื•ืœืจืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื™, ื•ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ืคืฉื” ืื•ืชืš ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
20:25
She said, 'Look who she is.
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, ืชืจืื” ืžื™ ื–ืืช.
20:27
You're not even going to be able to answer her questions.'
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ืืชื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืชืฆืœื™ื— ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”.
20:29
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
20:33
And she was saying you're going to make me look like an idiot
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืฉืืช ืชื•ืฆื™ืื™ ืื•ืชื™ ื˜ืžื‘ืœ
20:35
because I've never been to college,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืงื•ืœื’'
20:36
and I wouldn't be talking professional or anything.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื”.
20:38
I said, 'Well look, the woman talked to me for four hours.
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ืื– ืืžืจืชื™, ืชืจืื™, ื”ืืฉื” ื“ื™ื‘ืจื” ืื™ืชื™ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช.
20:40
You know, if I wasn't talking -- you know,
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ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืื ืื ื™ ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™, ื›ืื™ืœื•
20:42
like, you know, she wanted me to talk,
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ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื”ื™ื ืจืฆืชื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื“ื‘ืจ
20:43
I don't think she would even come out here.'
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื’ื™ืข.
20:48
"Confidence? Well, I think I ride
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ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™? ื˜ื•ื‘, ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ื›ื‘
20:51
more out of determination than confidence.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื•ืš ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™.
20:54
I mean, confidence is like, you know,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื•, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช,
20:55
you've been on that bull before; you know you can ride him.
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ืฉืืช ื ืžืฆืืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืœืžื“ืช ืœืจื›ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื•.
20:57
I mean, confidence is kind of like being cocky, but in a good way.
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ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
21:01
But determination, you know, it's like just, you know, 'Fuck the form,
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ืื‘ืœ ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ "ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื”,
21:04
get the horn.'
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"ืชืคื•ืก ืืช ื”ืคืจื”."
21:06
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
21:10
That's Tuff Hedeman, in the movie '8 Seconds.'
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ื›ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื˜ืืฃ ื”ื“ืžืŸ ื‘ืกืจื˜ "ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื•ืช".
21:12
I mean, like, Pat O'Mealey always said when I was a boy,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืคืื˜ ืื•'ืžืืœื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืืžืจ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“,
21:14
he say, 'You know, you got more try than any kid I ever seen.'
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ืืชื” ืขืงืฉืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ืฉื”ื›ืจืชื™.
21:17
And try and determination is the same thing.
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ื•ืขืงืฉื ื•ืช ื•ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.
21:19
Determination is, like, you're going to hang on that bull,
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ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ืชืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจ
21:21
even if you're riding upside down.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื ื”ืจืืฉ ืœืžื˜ื”.
21:23
Determination's like, you're going to ride
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ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื•, ืืชื” ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืจื›ื•ื‘
21:25
till your head hits the back of the dirt.
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœืš ื ื›ื ืก ื‘ื‘ื•ืฅ.
21:28
"Freedom? It would have to be the rodeo.
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ื—ื™ืจื•ืช? ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื“ื™ืื•.
21:32
"Beauty? I don't think I know what beauty is.
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ื™ื•ืคื™? ืœื ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื–ื” ื™ื•ืคื™.
21:37
Well, you know, I guess that'd have to be the rodeo too.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉื–ื” ื’ื ืจื•ื“ื™ืื•.
21:39
I mean, look how we are, the roughy family,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืชืจืื™ ืื•ืชื ื•, ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืžื—ื•ืกืคืกืช,
21:40
palling around and shaking hands and wrestling around me.
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ืžืกืชื—ื‘ืงื™ื, ืœื•ื—ืฆื™ื ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืชืื‘ืงื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™.
21:43
It's like, you know, racking up our credit cards on entry fees and gas.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœืกื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืขืœ ื“ืžื™ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื•ื“ืœืง.
21:46
We ride together, we, you know, we, we eat together
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“,
21:49
and we sleep together.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
21:50
I mean, I can't even imagine what it's going to be like
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืจืื”
21:53
the last day I rodeo. I mean, I'll be alright.
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืจื•ื“ื™ืื•. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื™ ืื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
21:55
I mean, I have my ranch and everything,
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื—ื•ื•ื”,
21:56
but I actually don't even want to think the day that comes.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข.
21:59
I mean, I guess it just be like --
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• โ€“
22:01
I guess it be like the day my brother died.
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ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืื— ืฉืœื™ ืžืช.
22:05
"Toughness? Well, we was in West Jordan, Utah, and this bull
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ืงืฉื™ื—ื•ืช? ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืคืขื ื‘ื•ื•ืกื˜ ื’'ื•ืจื“ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื”, ื•ืฉื•ืจ ืื—ื“
22:10
shoved my face right through the metal shoots in a --
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ื“ื—ืฃ ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืคื™ืฆื™ื ืžื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ
22:13
you know, busted my face all up and had to go to the hospital.
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ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื›ื™ืกื— ืœื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื
22:16
And they had to sew me up and straighten my nose out.
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ื•ืฉื ืชืคืจื• ืื•ืชื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฉืจื• ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืืฃ,
22:18
And I had to go and ride in the rodeo that night,
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ื•ืœืจื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื•ื“ื™ืื• ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืขืจื‘.
22:20
so I didn't want them to put me under anesthesia,
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ืื– ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉื™ืžื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืจื“ืžื”,
22:23
or whatever you call it. And so they sewed my face up.
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ืื• ืื™ืš ืฉืœื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื”. ืื– ื”ื ืชืคืจื• ืื•ืชื™.
22:26
And then they had to straighten out my nose,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉืจ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืืฃ,
22:28
and they took these rods and shoved them up my nose
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ื•ืœืงื—ื• ืžื•ื˜ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื•ื“ื—ืคื• ืœื™ ื‘ืืฃ
22:31
and went up through my brains
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœื™ ืœืžื•ื—
22:33
and felt like it was coming out the top of my head,
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ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืœื™ ืžื”ืจืืฉ,
22:35
and everybody said that it should have killed me,
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืืžืจื• ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื™,
22:37
but it didn't, because I guess I have a high tolerance for pain.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื, ื›ื™ ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืื‘.
22:41
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
22:44
But the good thing was, once they shoved those rods up there
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื ื“ื—ืคื• ืืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืฉื
22:47
and straightened my nose out, I could breathe,
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ื•ื™ื™ืฉืจื• ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืืฃ, ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื ืฉื•ื,
22:49
and I hadn't been able to breathe
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ื•ืœืคื ื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื ืฉืžืชื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš
22:51
since I broke my nose in the high school rodeo."
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ืžืื– ืฉืฉื‘ืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืืฃ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื›ืฉืจื›ื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืจื•ื“ื™ืื•.
22:54
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
22:56
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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