How we're saving one of Earth's last wild places | Steve Boyes

61,131 views ・ 2018-07-25

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Prevoditelj: Nikolina Daka Recezent: Sanda L
00:12
Visible from space,
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Vidljivo iz svemira
00:13
the Okavango Delta
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ušće Okavangoa
00:15
is Africa's largest remaining intact wetland wilderness.
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je najveća preostala afrička netaknuta močvarna divljina.
00:20
This shining delta in landlocked Botswana is the jewel of the Kalahari,
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Sjajno ušće u kopnenoj Bocvani je dijamant Kalaharija,
00:26
more valuable than diamonds to the world's largest diamond producer
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vrjednije od dijamanata najvećem svjetskom proizvođaču
00:30
and celebrated in 2014
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i 2014. je slavila
00:32
as our planet's 1000th UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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kao tisućito mjesto na UNESCO-vom popisu Svjetske Baštine.
00:36
Now, what you see here are the two major tributaries,
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Ovo što vidite ovdje su dva glavna pritoka
00:39
the Cuito and the Cubango,
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Cuito i Cubango,
00:41
disappearing up north into the little-known Angolan highlands.
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kako nestaju prema sjeveru u slabo znana gorja Angole.
00:45
This is the largest undeveloped river basin on the planet,
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Ovo je najveći nerazvijeni rječni bazen na svijetu,
00:49
spanning an area larger than California.
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proteže se područjem većim od Kalifornije.
00:53
These vast, undeveloped Angolan watersheds were frozen in time
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Ova ogromna, nerazvijena angolska razvođa su bila zamrznuta u vremenu
00:57
by 27 years of civil war.
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zbog 27 godina građanskog rata.
00:59
In fact, Africa's largest tank battle since World War II
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Ustvari, najveća afrička bitka tenkovima od Drugog svjetskog rada
01:03
was fought over a bridge crossing the Okavango's Cuito River.
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bila je zbog mosta koji prelazi preko rijeke Cuito.
01:07
There on the right,
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Tamo desno,
01:08
disappearing off into the unknown,
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nestajući u nepoznato,
01:10
into the "Terra do fim do mundo" --
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u "zemlju s kraja svijeta"
01:12
the land at the end of the earth,
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zemlju na kraju svijeta,
01:14
as it was known by the first Portuguese explorers.
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kao što je bilo znano prvim portugalskim istraživačima.
01:18
In 2001, at the age of 22,
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2001., kada sam imao 22 godine,
01:21
I took a job as head of housekeeping at Vundumtiki Camp
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prihvatio sam posao glavnog kućepazitelja u kampu Vundumtiki
01:25
in the Okavango Delta ...
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u ušću Okavangoa...
01:27
a patchwork mosaic of channels, floodplains, lagoons
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krparija mozaika kanala, naplavnih nizina, laguna
01:32
and thousands upon thousands of islands to explore.
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i na tisuće otoka koji čekaju biti otkriveni.
01:36
Home to the largest remaining population of elephants on the planet.
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Dom najvećoj preostaloj populaciji slonova na ovom planetu.
01:40
Rhinos are airlifted in C130s to find sanctuary in this wilderness.
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Nosorozi su prevezeni avionom kako bi pronašli mir u ovoj divljini.
01:46
Lion,
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Lav,
01:47
leopard,
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leopard,
01:48
hyena,
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hijena,
01:49
wild dog,
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divlji pas,
01:50
cheetah,
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gepard,
01:52
ancient baobab trees that stand like cathedrals
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drevno drveće baobab koje stoji poput katedrale
01:56
under the Milky Way.
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ispod Mliječne Staze.
01:57
Here, I discovered something obvious:
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Ovdje sam otkrio nešto očito:
02:01
wilderness is our natural habitat, too.
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divljina je i naše prirodno stanište.
02:04
We need these last wild places to reconnect with who we really are.
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Trebamo ta zadnja divlja mjesta da se povežemo s onime tko smo.
02:10
We --
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Mi --
02:11
all seven billion of us --
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Svih sedam milijardi --
02:12
must never forget we are a biological species
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ne smijemo nikad zaboraviti da smo biološka vrsta
02:16
forever bound to this particular biological world.
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zauvijek vezana za ovaj biološki svijet.
02:19
Like the waves connected to the ocean,
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Kao što su valovi povezani oceanom,
02:21
we cannot exist apart from it --
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ne možemo postojati bez njega --
02:23
a constant flow of atoms and energy between individuals and species
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stalni protok atoma i energije između pojedinaca i vrsta
02:27
around the world in a day
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oko svijeta u jednom danu
02:29
and out into the cosmos.
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i u svemiru.
02:33
Our fates are forever connected to the millions of species
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Naše sudbine su zauvijek povezane s milijunima vrsta
02:36
we rely on directly and indirectly every day.
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na koje se izravno i neizravno oslanjamo svaki dan.
02:42
Four years ago,
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Prije četiri godine
02:43
it was declared that 50 percent of all wildlife around the world
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objavljeno je da je 50% svih divljih životinja na svijetu
02:47
had disappeared in just 40 years.
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nestalo u samo 40 godina.
02:51
This is a mass drowning of 15,000 wildebeests
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Ovo je masovno utapanje 15 tisuća gnuova
02:54
that I witnessed in the Maasai Mara two years ago.
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kojem sam svjedočio u Maasai Mari prije dvije godine.
02:57
This is definitely our fault.
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Ovo je zasigurno naša krivica.
03:01
By 2020, global wildlife populations are projected to have fallen
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Predviđa se da će do 2020. svjetska naseljenost divljim vrstama
03:05
by a staggering two-thirds.
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pasti za zapanjujuće dvije trećine.
03:07
We are the sixth extinction
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Mi smo šesto istrebljenje
03:10
because we left no safe space for millions of species
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jer nismo ostavili siguran prostor milijunima vrsta
03:13
to sustainably coexist.
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da žive u održivu suživotu.
03:16
Now, since 2010, I have poled myself eight times across the Okavango Delta
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Od 2010., osam puta sam uz ušće Okavango
03:22
to conduct detailed scientific surveys
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provodio detaljna znanstvena istraživanja
03:24
along a 200-mile, 18-day research transect.
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uzduž 300 km i 18 dana dugačkog istraživačkog presjeka.
03:28
Now, why am I doing this?
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Zašto ja ovo radim?
03:29
Why am I risking my life each year?
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Zašto riskiram svoj život svake godine?
Ovo radim jer su nam ove informacije potrebne
03:31
I'm doing this because we need this information
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03:33
to benchmark this near-pristine wilderness
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za označivanje te izvorne divljine
03:35
before upstream development happens.
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prije nego uzvodno dođe do razvoja.
03:37
These are the Wayeyi river bushmen, the people of the Okavango Delta.
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Ovo su bušmani rijeke Wayeyi, ljudi ušća Okavango.
03:43
They have taught me all I know about the Mother Okavango --
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Oni su me naučili sve što znam o Majci Okavango --
03:46
about presence in the wild.
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o prisutnosti u divljini.
03:47
Our shared pilgrimage across the Okavango Delta each year
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Naše zajedničko hodočašće preko ušća Okavango svake godine
03:51
in our mokoros or dugout canoes --
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u našim mokoroima ili drvenim kanuima --
03:53
remembers millenia living in the wild.
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prisjeća se tisućljeća života u divljini.
03:57
Ten thousand years ago,
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Prije deset tisuća godina,
03:59
our entire world was wilderness.
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naš cijeli svijet je bio divljina.
04:02
Today, wilderness is all that remains of that world, now gone.
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Danas, divljina je postala samo ostatak tog svijeta koji je nestao.
04:09
Ten thousand years ago, we were as we are today:
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Prije deset tisuća godina bili smo kao i danas:
04:13
a modern, dreaming intelligence unlike anything seen before.
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moderna, sanjarujuća inteligencija nikada prije viđena.
04:17
Living in the wilderness is what taught us to speak,
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Život u divljini nas je naučio pričati,
04:19
to seek technologies like fire and stone, bow and arrow,
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tražiti tehnologije poput vatre i stijene, luka i strijele,
04:23
medicine and poison,
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lijeka i otrova,
04:24
to domesticate plants and animals
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pripitomiti biljke i životinje,
04:27
and rely on each other and all living things around us.
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osloniti se jedni na druge i na sve živuće stvari oko nas.
04:30
We are these last wildernesses --
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Mi smo ta zadnja divljina --
04:32
every one of us.
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svatko od nas.
04:34
Over 80 percent of our planet's land surface
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Preko 80% kopnene površine našeg planeta
04:36
is now experiencing measurable human impact:
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trenutno doživljava značajan ljudski utjecaj:
04:40
habitat destruction
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uništavanje staništa
04:41
and illegal wildlife trade are decimating global wildlife populations.
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i ilegalno trgovanje divljim životinjama desetkuju globalnu naseljenost divljina.
04:45
We urgently need to create safe space for these wild animals.
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Hitno trebamo stvoriti sigurne zone za ove divlje životinje.
04:49
So in late 2014,
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Tako smo krajem 2014.
04:51
we launched an ambitious project to do just that:
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pokrenuli ambiciozni projekt kako bismo učinili baš to:
04:54
explore and protect.
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istraživali i zaštitili.
04:56
By mid-May 2015,
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Do sredine svibnja 2015. godine
04:58
we had pioneered access through active minefields
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prokrčili smo prilaz preko aktivnih minskih polja
05:00
to the undocumented source lake of the Cuito River --
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do nedokumentiranog izvora jezera rijeke Cuito --
05:03
this otherworldly place;
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ovo nadzemaljsko mjesto;
05:05
an ancient, untouched wilderness.
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drevna, netaknuta divljina.
05:08
By the 21st of May,
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Do 21. svibnja,
05:09
we had launched the Okavango megatransect ...
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pokrenuli smo Okavango mega presjek ...
05:13
in seven dugout canoes;
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u sedam izdubljenih kanua;
05:14
1,500 miles, 121 days later,
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2400 km, 121 dan kasnije,
05:18
all of the poling, paddling and intensive research
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svo naše probijanje, veslanje i temeljito istraživanje
05:21
got us across the entire river basin to Lake Xau in the Kalahari Desert,
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dovelo nas je preko cijelog rječnog korita do jezera Xau u pustinji Kalahari,
05:25
480 kilometers past the Okavango Delta.
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480 kilometara od Okavango ušća.
05:29
My entire world became the water:
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Moj cijeli svijet je postala voda:
05:31
every ripple, eddy, lily pad and current ...
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svako mreškanje, vir, lopoč i bujica...
05:36
any sign of danger,
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svaki predznak opasnosti,
05:38
every sign of life.
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svaki znak života.
05:40
Now imagine millions of sweat bees choking the air around you,
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Sada zamislite milijune znojnih pčelica kako grcaju zrak oko vas,
05:43
flesh-eating bacteria,
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bakterije koje jedu meso,
05:45
the constant threat of a landmine going off
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stalne prijetnje mina koje će eksplodirati,
05:48
or an unseen hippo capsizing your mokoro.
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ili nilski konj kojeg ne opazite i prevrne vam kanu.
05:50
These are the scenes moments after a hippo did just that --
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Ovo su trenuci nakon što je nilski konj učinio upravo to --
05:53
thrusting its tusks through the hull of my boat.
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zabijajući svoje kljove kroz trup mog broda.
Možete vidjeti dvije rupe --
05:56
You can see the two holes --
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05:57
puncture wounds in the base of the hull --
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probodne rane u dnu trupa broda --
06:00
absolutely terrifying
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apsolutno užasavajuće
06:01
and completely my fault.
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i sasvim moja krivica.
06:03
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:05
Many, many portages,
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Puno, puno prenošenja,
06:07
tree blockages and capsizes in rocky rapids.
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blokade drveća i prevrtanja broda na brzacima.
06:12
You're living on rice and beans,
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Živite na riži i grahu,
06:15
bathing in a bucket of cold water
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kupate se u kanti hladne vode
06:16
and paddling a marathon six to eight hours every single day.
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i veslate maraton šest do osam sati svaki dan.
06:19
After 121 days of this,
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Nakon 121 dana ovoga,
06:21
I'd forgotten the PIN numbers to my bank accounts
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zaboravio sam PIN-ove svojih bankovnih računa
06:24
and logins for social media --
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i lozinke za društvene mreže,
06:25
a complete systems reboot.
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kompletni reboot sistema.
06:28
You ask me now if I miss it,
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Ako me sada pitate nedostaje li mi,
06:30
and I will tell you I am still there.
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reći ću vam da sam još tamo.
06:33
Now why do we need to save places we hardly ever go?
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Zašto moramo spasiti mjesta koja jedva posjećujemo?
06:36
Why do we need to save places
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Zašto moramo spasiti ta mjesta
06:38
where you have to risk your life to be there?
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gdje morate riskirati život da biste bili tamo?
06:40
Now, I'm not a religious or particularly spiritual person,
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Naime, ja nisam religiozna ili posebno duhovna osoba,
06:44
but in the wild,
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ali u divljini,
06:46
I believe I've experienced the birthplace of religion.
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vjerujem da sam osjetio rodno mjesto religije.
06:50
Standing in front of an elephant far away from anywhere
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Stojeći ispred slona daleko od svega,
06:53
is the closest I will ever get to God.
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najbliže je što ću ikad biti Bogu.
06:57
Moses, Buddha, Muhammad, Jesus,
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Mojsije, Budha, Muhamed, Isus,
06:59
the Hindu teachers, prophets and mystics,
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Hindu učitelji, proroci i mistici,
07:01
all went into the wilderness --
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svi su išli u divljinu --
07:03
up into the mountains, into the desert,
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u planine, u pustinju,
07:05
to sit quietly and listen for those secrets
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kako bi mirno sjedili i slušali te tajne
07:07
that were to guide their societies for millennia.
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koje će voditi njihova društva tisućljećima.
07:10
I go into the Okavango on my mokoro.
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Ušao sam na Okavango na svom kanuu.
07:13
You must join me one day.
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Morate mi se jednom pridružiti.
07:16
Over 50 percent of the remaining wilderness is unprotected.
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Preko 50% preostale divljine je nezaštićeno.
07:19
A huge opportunity --
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Ogromna mogućnost --
07:21
a chance for us all.
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prilika za sve nas.
07:25
We need to act with great urgency.
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Trebamo brzo reagirati.
07:27
Since the 2015 megatransect,
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Od mega-razdvajanja 2015.
07:30
we have explored all major rivers of the Okavango River basin,
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proučili smo sve glavne rijeke rječnog korita Okavango,
07:33
covering a life-changing 4,000 miles of detailed research transects
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koje prekriva 6400 km detaljno proučenih presjeka
07:37
on our dugout canoes
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na našim izdubljenim kanuima
07:38
and our fat-tire mountain bikes.
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i brdskim biciklima širokih guma.
07:40
We now have 57 top scientists
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Sada imamo 57 vrhunskih znanstvenika
07:43
rediscovering what we call the Okavango-Zambezi water tower --
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koji ponovo otkrivaju ono što nazivamo Okavango-Zambezi vodeni toranj --
07:47
this vast, post-war wilderness with undocumented source lakes,
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ova ogromna, posljeratna divljina s nezabilježenim izvorima jezera,
07:53
unnamed waterfalls in what is Africa's largest remaining Miombo woodland.
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bezimenim vodopadima u najvećoj preostaloj afričkoj šumi Miombo.
07:59
We've now discovered 24 new species to science
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Sada smo znanosti otkrili 24 nove vrste
08:02
and hundreds of species not known to be there.
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i stotine vrsta koje nismo tamo očekivali.
08:05
This year, we start the process, with the Angolan government,
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Ove godine počinjemo proces s vladom Angole,
08:08
to establish one of the largest systems of protected areas in the world
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kako bismo uspostavili jedan od najvećih sustava zaštićenih područja na svijetu,
08:12
to preserve the Okavango-Zambezi water tower
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kako bismo očuvali Okavango-Zambezi vodeni toranj
08:14
we have been exploring.
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koji smo proučavali.
08:15
Downstream, this represents water security for millions of people
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Nizvodno, ovo predstavlja sigurnost vode za milijune ljudi
08:19
and more than half of the elephants remaining on this planet.
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i za preko pola preostalih slonova na svijetu.
08:23
There is no doubt this is the biggest conservation opportunity in Africa
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Nema sumnje da je ovo najveća prilika za zaštitu u Africi
08:27
in decades.
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u zadnjim desetljećima.
08:28
Over the next 10 to 15 years,
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Tijekom sljedećih 10 do 15 godina,
08:29
we need to make an unprecedented investment
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moramo neviđeno ulagati
08:32
in the preservation of wilderness around the world.
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u očuvanje divljine diljem svijeta.
08:35
To me,
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Za mene,
08:36
preserving wilderness is far more than simply protecting ecosystems
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očuvanje divljine je puno više od samog očuvanja ekosustava,
08:41
that clean the water we drink and create the air we breathe.
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više od čiste vode koju pijemo i stvaranja zraka koji udišemo.
08:44
Preserving wilderness protects our basic human right to be wild --
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Očuvanje divljine čuva naše osnovno ljudsko pravo da budemo divlji --
08:48
our basic human rights to explore.
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naše osnovno, ljudsko pravo na istraživanje.
08:52
Thank you.
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Hvala.
08:53
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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