How we're saving one of Earth's last wild places | Steve Boyes

61,102 views ・ 2018-07-25

TED


Dvaput kliknite na engleske titlove ispod za reprodukciju videozapisa.

Prevoditelj: Nikolina Daka Recezent: Sanda L
00:12
Visible from space,
0
12687
1155
Vidljivo iz svemira
00:13
the Okavango Delta
1
13866
1627
ušće Okavangoa
00:15
is Africa's largest remaining intact wetland wilderness.
2
15517
4714
je najveća preostala afrička netaknuta močvarna divljina.
00:20
This shining delta in landlocked Botswana is the jewel of the Kalahari,
3
20255
5841
Sjajno ušće u kopnenoj Bocvani je dijamant Kalaharija,
00:26
more valuable than diamonds to the world's largest diamond producer
4
26120
4429
vrjednije od dijamanata najvećem svjetskom proizvođaču
00:30
and celebrated in 2014
5
30573
2389
i 2014. je slavila
00:32
as our planet's 1000th UNESCO World Heritage Site.
6
32986
3485
kao tisućito mjesto na UNESCO-vom popisu Svjetske Baštine.
00:36
Now, what you see here are the two major tributaries,
7
36495
2905
Ovo što vidite ovdje su dva glavna pritoka
00:39
the Cuito and the Cubango,
8
39424
2017
Cuito i Cubango,
00:41
disappearing up north into the little-known Angolan highlands.
9
41465
4126
kako nestaju prema sjeveru u slabo znana gorja Angole.
00:45
This is the largest undeveloped river basin on the planet,
10
45615
4299
Ovo je najveći nerazvijeni rječni bazen na svijetu,
00:49
spanning an area larger than California.
11
49938
2123
proteže se područjem većim od Kalifornije.
00:53
These vast, undeveloped Angolan watersheds were frozen in time
12
53090
4080
Ova ogromna, nerazvijena angolska razvođa su bila zamrznuta u vremenu
00:57
by 27 years of civil war.
13
57194
2358
zbog 27 godina građanskog rata.
00:59
In fact, Africa's largest tank battle since World War II
14
59576
4001
Ustvari, najveća afrička bitka tenkovima od Drugog svjetskog rada
01:03
was fought over a bridge crossing the Okavango's Cuito River.
15
63601
3432
bila je zbog mosta koji prelazi preko rijeke Cuito.
01:07
There on the right,
16
67057
1391
Tamo desno,
01:08
disappearing off into the unknown,
17
68472
1754
nestajući u nepoznato,
01:10
into the "Terra do fim do mundo" --
18
70250
2349
u "zemlju s kraja svijeta"
01:12
the land at the end of the earth,
19
72623
1928
zemlju na kraju svijeta,
01:14
as it was known by the first Portuguese explorers.
20
74575
2889
kao što je bilo znano prvim portugalskim istraživačima.
01:18
In 2001, at the age of 22,
21
78275
3373
2001., kada sam imao 22 godine,
01:21
I took a job as head of housekeeping at Vundumtiki Camp
22
81672
3892
prihvatio sam posao glavnog kućepazitelja u kampu Vundumtiki
01:25
in the Okavango Delta ...
23
85588
2100
u ušću Okavangoa...
01:27
a patchwork mosaic of channels, floodplains, lagoons
24
87712
4604
krparija mozaika kanala, naplavnih nizina, laguna
01:32
and thousands upon thousands of islands to explore.
25
92340
3268
i na tisuće otoka koji čekaju biti otkriveni.
01:36
Home to the largest remaining population of elephants on the planet.
26
96289
3660
Dom najvećoj preostaloj populaciji slonova na ovom planetu.
01:40
Rhinos are airlifted in C130s to find sanctuary in this wilderness.
27
100311
4918
Nosorozi su prevezeni avionom kako bi pronašli mir u ovoj divljini.
01:46
Lion,
28
106065
1150
Lav,
01:47
leopard,
29
107239
1242
leopard,
01:48
hyena,
30
108505
1228
hijena,
01:49
wild dog,
31
109757
1171
divlji pas,
01:50
cheetah,
32
110952
1273
gepard,
01:52
ancient baobab trees that stand like cathedrals
33
112249
3775
drevno drveće baobab koje stoji poput katedrale
01:56
under the Milky Way.
34
116048
1487
ispod Mliječne Staze.
01:57
Here, I discovered something obvious:
35
117559
3567
Ovdje sam otkrio nešto očito:
02:01
wilderness is our natural habitat, too.
36
121150
3098
divljina je i naše prirodno stanište.
02:04
We need these last wild places to reconnect with who we really are.
37
124272
3880
Trebamo ta zadnja divlja mjesta da se povežemo s onime tko smo.
02:10
We --
38
130129
1151
Mi --
02:11
all seven billion of us --
39
131304
1298
Svih sedam milijardi --
02:12
must never forget we are a biological species
40
132626
3431
ne smijemo nikad zaboraviti da smo biološka vrsta
02:16
forever bound to this particular biological world.
41
136081
3049
zauvijek vezana za ovaj biološki svijet.
02:19
Like the waves connected to the ocean,
42
139154
2267
Kao što su valovi povezani oceanom,
02:21
we cannot exist apart from it --
43
141445
1557
ne možemo postojati bez njega --
02:23
a constant flow of atoms and energy between individuals and species
44
143026
4788
stalni protok atoma i energije između pojedinaca i vrsta
02:27
around the world in a day
45
147838
1647
oko svijeta u jednom danu
02:29
and out into the cosmos.
46
149509
2092
i u svemiru.
02:33
Our fates are forever connected to the millions of species
47
153022
3612
Naše sudbine su zauvijek povezane s milijunima vrsta
02:36
we rely on directly and indirectly every day.
48
156658
4111
na koje se izravno i neizravno oslanjamo svaki dan.
02:42
Four years ago,
49
162237
1270
Prije četiri godine
02:43
it was declared that 50 percent of all wildlife around the world
50
163531
4339
objavljeno je da je 50% svih divljih životinja na svijetu
02:47
had disappeared in just 40 years.
51
167894
2341
nestalo u samo 40 godina.
02:51
This is a mass drowning of 15,000 wildebeests
52
171500
3036
Ovo je masovno utapanje 15 tisuća gnuova
02:54
that I witnessed in the Maasai Mara two years ago.
53
174560
3362
kojem sam svjedočio u Maasai Mari prije dvije godine.
02:57
This is definitely our fault.
54
177946
2333
Ovo je zasigurno naša krivica.
03:01
By 2020, global wildlife populations are projected to have fallen
55
181376
4207
Predviđa se da će do 2020. svjetska naseljenost divljim vrstama
03:05
by a staggering two-thirds.
56
185607
2190
pasti za zapanjujuće dvije trećine.
03:07
We are the sixth extinction
57
187821
2191
Mi smo šesto istrebljenje
03:10
because we left no safe space for millions of species
58
190036
3115
jer nismo ostavili siguran prostor milijunima vrsta
03:13
to sustainably coexist.
59
193175
2083
da žive u održivu suživotu.
03:16
Now, since 2010, I have poled myself eight times across the Okavango Delta
60
196174
5803
Od 2010., osam puta sam uz ušće Okavango
03:22
to conduct detailed scientific surveys
61
202001
2739
provodio detaljna znanstvena istraživanja
03:24
along a 200-mile, 18-day research transect.
62
204764
3370
uzduž 300 km i 18 dana dugačkog istraživačkog presjeka.
03:28
Now, why am I doing this?
63
208158
1205
Zašto ja ovo radim?
03:29
Why am I risking my life each year?
64
209387
1667
Zašto riskiram svoj život svake godine?
Ovo radim jer su nam ove informacije potrebne
03:31
I'm doing this because we need this information
65
211078
2221
03:33
to benchmark this near-pristine wilderness
66
213323
2000
za označivanje te izvorne divljine
03:35
before upstream development happens.
67
215347
1962
prije nego uzvodno dođe do razvoja.
03:37
These are the Wayeyi river bushmen, the people of the Okavango Delta.
68
217852
5032
Ovo su bušmani rijeke Wayeyi, ljudi ušća Okavango.
03:43
They have taught me all I know about the Mother Okavango --
69
223323
2820
Oni su me naučili sve što znam o Majci Okavango --
03:46
about presence in the wild.
70
226167
1666
o prisutnosti u divljini.
03:47
Our shared pilgrimage across the Okavango Delta each year
71
227857
4012
Naše zajedničko hodočašće preko ušća Okavango svake godine
03:51
in our mokoros or dugout canoes --
72
231893
1977
u našim mokoroima ili drvenim kanuima --
03:53
remembers millenia living in the wild.
73
233894
2875
prisjeća se tisućljeća života u divljini.
03:57
Ten thousand years ago,
74
237805
1767
Prije deset tisuća godina,
03:59
our entire world was wilderness.
75
239596
2796
naš cijeli svijet je bio divljina.
04:02
Today, wilderness is all that remains of that world, now gone.
76
242990
5880
Danas, divljina je postala samo ostatak tog svijeta koji je nestao.
04:09
Ten thousand years ago, we were as we are today:
77
249675
3516
Prije deset tisuća godina bili smo kao i danas:
04:13
a modern, dreaming intelligence unlike anything seen before.
78
253215
3815
moderna, sanjarujuća inteligencija nikada prije viđena.
04:17
Living in the wilderness is what taught us to speak,
79
257054
2449
Život u divljini nas je naučio pričati,
04:19
to seek technologies like fire and stone, bow and arrow,
80
259527
3582
tražiti tehnologije poput vatre i stijene, luka i strijele,
04:23
medicine and poison,
81
263133
1832
lijeka i otrova,
04:24
to domesticate plants and animals
82
264989
2169
pripitomiti biljke i životinje,
04:27
and rely on each other and all living things around us.
83
267182
3255
osloniti se jedni na druge i na sve živuće stvari oko nas.
04:30
We are these last wildernesses --
84
270461
2375
Mi smo ta zadnja divljina --
04:32
every one of us.
85
272860
1328
svatko od nas.
04:34
Over 80 percent of our planet's land surface
86
274801
2067
Preko 80% kopnene površine našeg planeta
04:36
is now experiencing measurable human impact:
87
276892
3149
trenutno doživljava značajan ljudski utjecaj:
04:40
habitat destruction
88
280065
1349
uništavanje staništa
04:41
and illegal wildlife trade are decimating global wildlife populations.
89
281438
3844
i ilegalno trgovanje divljim životinjama desetkuju globalnu naseljenost divljina.
04:45
We urgently need to create safe space for these wild animals.
90
285306
3936
Hitno trebamo stvoriti sigurne zone za ove divlje životinje.
04:49
So in late 2014,
91
289766
1745
Tako smo krajem 2014.
04:51
we launched an ambitious project to do just that:
92
291535
2581
pokrenuli ambiciozni projekt kako bismo učinili baš to:
04:54
explore and protect.
93
294140
1737
istraživali i zaštitili.
04:56
By mid-May 2015,
94
296472
1925
Do sredine svibnja 2015. godine
04:58
we had pioneered access through active minefields
95
298421
2329
prokrčili smo prilaz preko aktivnih minskih polja
05:00
to the undocumented source lake of the Cuito River --
96
300774
2643
do nedokumentiranog izvora jezera rijeke Cuito --
05:03
this otherworldly place;
97
303441
2100
ovo nadzemaljsko mjesto;
05:05
an ancient, untouched wilderness.
98
305565
1960
drevna, netaknuta divljina.
05:08
By the 21st of May,
99
308385
1295
Do 21. svibnja,
05:09
we had launched the Okavango megatransect ...
100
309704
3309
pokrenuli smo Okavango mega presjek ...
05:13
in seven dugout canoes;
101
313037
1661
u sedam izdubljenih kanua;
05:14
1,500 miles, 121 days later,
102
314722
4077
2400 km, 121 dan kasnije,
05:18
all of the poling, paddling and intensive research
103
318823
2510
svo naše probijanje, veslanje i temeljito istraživanje
05:21
got us across the entire river basin to Lake Xau in the Kalahari Desert,
104
321357
3762
dovelo nas je preko cijelog rječnog korita do jezera Xau u pustinji Kalahari,
05:25
480 kilometers past the Okavango Delta.
105
325143
3304
480 kilometara od Okavango ušća.
05:29
My entire world became the water:
106
329080
2564
Moj cijeli svijet je postala voda:
05:31
every ripple, eddy, lily pad and current ...
107
331668
3761
svako mreškanje, vir, lopoč i bujica...
05:36
any sign of danger,
108
336397
1749
svaki predznak opasnosti,
05:38
every sign of life.
109
338170
1874
svaki znak života.
05:40
Now imagine millions of sweat bees choking the air around you,
110
340952
2952
Sada zamislite milijune znojnih pčelica kako grcaju zrak oko vas,
05:43
flesh-eating bacteria,
111
343928
1237
bakterije koje jedu meso,
05:45
the constant threat of a landmine going off
112
345189
3390
stalne prijetnje mina koje će eksplodirati,
05:48
or an unseen hippo capsizing your mokoro.
113
348603
2332
ili nilski konj kojeg ne opazite i prevrne vam kanu.
05:50
These are the scenes moments after a hippo did just that --
114
350959
2914
Ovo su trenuci nakon što je nilski konj učinio upravo to --
05:53
thrusting its tusks through the hull of my boat.
115
353897
2280
zabijajući svoje kljove kroz trup mog broda.
Možete vidjeti dvije rupe --
05:56
You can see the two holes --
116
356201
1685
05:57
puncture wounds in the base of the hull --
117
357910
2082
probodne rane u dnu trupa broda --
06:00
absolutely terrifying
118
360016
1724
apsolutno užasavajuće
06:01
and completely my fault.
119
361764
2146
i sasvim moja krivica.
06:03
(Laughter)
120
363934
1363
(Smijeh)
06:05
Many, many portages,
121
365321
2083
Puno, puno prenošenja,
06:07
tree blockages and capsizes in rocky rapids.
122
367428
3702
blokade drveća i prevrtanja broda na brzacima.
06:12
You're living on rice and beans,
123
372904
2121
Živite na riži i grahu,
06:15
bathing in a bucket of cold water
124
375049
1910
kupate se u kanti hladne vode
06:16
and paddling a marathon six to eight hours every single day.
125
376983
2831
i veslate maraton šest do osam sati svaki dan.
06:19
After 121 days of this,
126
379838
1968
Nakon 121 dana ovoga,
06:21
I'd forgotten the PIN numbers to my bank accounts
127
381830
2327
zaboravio sam PIN-ove svojih bankovnih računa
06:24
and logins for social media --
128
384181
1450
i lozinke za društvene mreže,
06:25
a complete systems reboot.
129
385655
2030
kompletni reboot sistema.
06:28
You ask me now if I miss it,
130
388041
2513
Ako me sada pitate nedostaje li mi,
06:30
and I will tell you I am still there.
131
390578
2293
reći ću vam da sam još tamo.
06:33
Now why do we need to save places we hardly ever go?
132
393789
2521
Zašto moramo spasiti mjesta koja jedva posjećujemo?
06:36
Why do we need to save places
133
396653
1749
Zašto moramo spasiti ta mjesta
06:38
where you have to risk your life to be there?
134
398426
2099
gdje morate riskirati život da biste bili tamo?
06:40
Now, I'm not a religious or particularly spiritual person,
135
400549
4244
Naime, ja nisam religiozna ili posebno duhovna osoba,
06:44
but in the wild,
136
404817
1170
ali u divljini,
06:46
I believe I've experienced the birthplace of religion.
137
406011
3652
vjerujem da sam osjetio rodno mjesto religije.
06:50
Standing in front of an elephant far away from anywhere
138
410336
3088
Stojeći ispred slona daleko od svega,
06:53
is the closest I will ever get to God.
139
413448
3016
najbliže je što ću ikad biti Bogu.
06:57
Moses, Buddha, Muhammad, Jesus,
140
417258
2345
Mojsije, Budha, Muhamed, Isus,
06:59
the Hindu teachers, prophets and mystics,
141
419627
2284
Hindu učitelji, proroci i mistici,
07:01
all went into the wilderness --
142
421935
1508
svi su išli u divljinu --
07:03
up into the mountains, into the desert,
143
423467
1873
u planine, u pustinju,
07:05
to sit quietly and listen for those secrets
144
425364
2230
kako bi mirno sjedili i slušali te tajne
07:07
that were to guide their societies for millennia.
145
427618
2513
koje će voditi njihova društva tisućljećima.
07:10
I go into the Okavango on my mokoro.
146
430155
2510
Ušao sam na Okavango na svom kanuu.
07:13
You must join me one day.
147
433204
1620
Morate mi se jednom pridružiti.
07:16
Over 50 percent of the remaining wilderness is unprotected.
148
436522
2990
Preko 50% preostale divljine je nezaštićeno.
07:19
A huge opportunity --
149
439936
1912
Ogromna mogućnost --
07:21
a chance for us all.
150
441872
1611
prilika za sve nas.
07:25
We need to act with great urgency.
151
445253
2425
Trebamo brzo reagirati.
07:27
Since the 2015 megatransect,
152
447702
2385
Od mega-razdvajanja 2015.
07:30
we have explored all major rivers of the Okavango River basin,
153
450111
3058
proučili smo sve glavne rijeke rječnog korita Okavango,
07:33
covering a life-changing 4,000 miles of detailed research transects
154
453193
3933
koje prekriva 6400 km detaljno proučenih presjeka
07:37
on our dugout canoes
155
457150
1290
na našim izdubljenim kanuima
07:38
and our fat-tire mountain bikes.
156
458464
2017
i brdskim biciklima širokih guma.
07:40
We now have 57 top scientists
157
460505
2472
Sada imamo 57 vrhunskih znanstvenika
07:43
rediscovering what we call the Okavango-Zambezi water tower --
158
463001
3977
koji ponovo otkrivaju ono što nazivamo Okavango-Zambezi vodeni toranj --
07:47
this vast, post-war wilderness with undocumented source lakes,
159
467002
6645
ova ogromna, posljeratna divljina s nezabilježenim izvorima jezera,
07:53
unnamed waterfalls in what is Africa's largest remaining Miombo woodland.
160
473671
4515
bezimenim vodopadima u najvećoj preostaloj afričkoj šumi Miombo.
07:59
We've now discovered 24 new species to science
161
479480
2762
Sada smo znanosti otkrili 24 nove vrste
08:02
and hundreds of species not known to be there.
162
482266
2266
i stotine vrsta koje nismo tamo očekivali.
08:05
This year, we start the process, with the Angolan government,
163
485124
3222
Ove godine počinjemo proces s vladom Angole,
08:08
to establish one of the largest systems of protected areas in the world
164
488370
3800
kako bismo uspostavili jedan od najvećih sustava zaštićenih područja na svijetu,
08:12
to preserve the Okavango-Zambezi water tower
165
492194
2402
kako bismo očuvali Okavango-Zambezi vodeni toranj
08:14
we have been exploring.
166
494620
1175
koji smo proučavali.
08:15
Downstream, this represents water security for millions of people
167
495819
3947
Nizvodno, ovo predstavlja sigurnost vode za milijune ljudi
08:19
and more than half of the elephants remaining on this planet.
168
499790
3317
i za preko pola preostalih slonova na svijetu.
08:23
There is no doubt this is the biggest conservation opportunity in Africa
169
503131
4107
Nema sumnje da je ovo najveća prilika za zaštitu u Africi
08:27
in decades.
170
507262
1246
u zadnjim desetljećima.
08:28
Over the next 10 to 15 years,
171
508532
1410
Tijekom sljedećih 10 do 15 godina,
08:29
we need to make an unprecedented investment
172
509966
2273
moramo neviđeno ulagati
08:32
in the preservation of wilderness around the world.
173
512263
2506
u očuvanje divljine diljem svijeta.
08:35
To me,
174
515348
1150
Za mene,
08:36
preserving wilderness is far more than simply protecting ecosystems
175
516522
4659
očuvanje divljine je puno više od samog očuvanja ekosustava,
08:41
that clean the water we drink and create the air we breathe.
176
521205
2991
više od čiste vode koju pijemo i stvaranja zraka koji udišemo.
08:44
Preserving wilderness protects our basic human right to be wild --
177
524682
4280
Očuvanje divljine čuva naše osnovno ljudsko pravo da budemo divlji --
08:48
our basic human rights to explore.
178
528986
2657
naše osnovno, ljudsko pravo na istraživanje.
08:52
Thank you.
179
532241
1230
Hvala.
08:53
(Applause)
180
533495
6663
(Pljesak)
O ovoj web stranici

Ova stranica će vas upoznati s YouTube videozapisima koji su korisni za učenje engleskog jezika. Vidjet ćete lekcije engleskog koje vode vrhunski profesori iz cijelog svijeta. Dvaput kliknite na engleske titlove prikazane na svakoj video stranici da biste reproducirali video s tog mjesta. Titlovi se pomiču sinkronizirano s reprodukcijom videozapisa. Ako imate bilo kakvih komentara ili zahtjeva, obratite nam se putem ovog obrasca za kontakt.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7