The future of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy | Rick Doblin

Prevoditelj: Marino Žarnić Recezent: Sanda L

Preparing for this talk has been scarier for me

Pripremanje ovog govora bilo mi je strašnije

than preparing for LSD therapy.

od pripremanja za terapiju LSD-jem.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

"Psychedelics are to the study of the mind

''Psihodelici su za istraživanje uma

what the microscope is to biology

ono što je mikroskop za biologiju

and the telescope is to astronomy."

i teleskop za astronomiju.''

Dr. Stanislav Grof spoke those words.

To su riječi dr. Stanislava Grofa.

He's one of the leading psychedelic researchers in the world,

On je jedan od vodećih istraživača psihodelika u svijetu

and he's also been my mentor.

i bio je i moj mentor.

Today, I'd like to share with you how psychedelics, when used wisely,

Danas vam želim reći kako psihodelici, kada ih mudro koristimo,

have the potential to help heal us,

imaju potencijal da nam pomognu u izliječenju,

help inspire us,

u nadahnuću,

and perhaps even to help save us.

a možda nas čak mogu i spasiti.

In the 1950s and 60s,

1950-tih i 1960-tih godina,

psychedelic research flourished all over the world

istraživanja psihodelika su se provodila širom svijeta

and showed great promise for the fields of psychiatry,

i pokazivala velika obećanja u području psihijatrije,

psychology and psychotherapy,

psihologije i psihoterapije,

neuroscience and the study of mystical experiences.

neuroznanosti i istraživanja mističnih iskustava.

But psychedelics leaked out of the research settings

Psihodelici su, međutim, procurili izvan istraživačkih laboratorija

and began to be used by the counterculture,

i počeli su se koristiti i u kontrakulturi

and by the anti-Vietnam War movement.

i u protuvijetnamskom pokretu.

And there was unwise use.

To nije bilo mudro korištenje.

And so there was a backlash.

I zato je došlo do zastoja.

And in 1970, the US government criminalized all uses of psychedelics,

1970-tih je američka vlada svaku upotrebu psihodelika proglasila kriminalom

and they began shutting down all psychedelic research.

te je polako ukidala i sva istraživanja.

And this ban spread all over the world and lasted for decades.

Ta se zabrana proširila svijetom i trajala je desetljećima,

and it was tragic,

što je tragično,

since psychedelics are really just tools,

jer su psihodelici samo alat,

and whether their outcomes are beneficial or harmful

i njihov učinak može biti i dobar i štetan,

depends on how they're used.

ovisno o tome kako ih koristimo.

Psychedelic means "mind-manifesting,"

Psihodelik znači ''manifestiranje uma''

and it relates to drugs like LSD, psilocybin, mescaline,

i to je naziv za droge poput LSD-a, psilocibina, meskalina,

iboga and other drugs.

iboge i drugih.

When I was 18 years old,

Kad sam imao 18 godina,

I was a college freshman,

na prvoj godini studija,

I was experimenting with LSD and mescaline,

eksperimentirao sam s LSD-ijem i meskalinom,

and these experiences brought me in touch with my emotions.

i ta su me iskustva povezala s mojim emocijama.

And they helped me have a spiritual connection

Pomogla su mi doživjeti duhovnu povezanost

that unfortunately, my bar mitzvah did not produce.

koju nisam bio dobio svojom Bar Mitzvom.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

When I wanted to tease my parents,

Kad sam želio provocirati roditelje,

I would tell them that they drove me to psychedelics

rekao bih im kako su me oni okrenuli psihodelicima

because my bar mitzvah had failed to turn me into a man.

jer me moja Bar Mitzva nije učinila muškarcem.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But most importantly,

Najvažnije od svega,

psychedelics gave me this feeling of our shared humanity,

psihodelici su mi pružili osjećaj naše zajedničke ljudskosti

of our unity with all life.

i naše povezanosti sa svim što je živo.

And other people reported that same thing as well.

I drugi su ljudi imali slično iskustvo.

And I felt that these experiences had the potential

Osjećao sam da takva iskustva imaju potencijal

to help be an antidote

da budu protuotrov

to tribalism, to fundamentalism, to genocide and environmental destruction.

za plemensku svijest, fundamentalizam, genocid i uništavanje okoliša.

And so I decided to focus my life

Odlučio sam da ću posvetiti život

on changing the laws

promjeni zakonske zabrane

and becoming a legal psychedelic psychotherapist.

i postati legalan psihodelični psihoterapeut.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Now, half a century after the ban,

Danas, nakon pola stoljeća zabrane,

we're in the midst of a global renaissance of psychedelic research.

nalazimo se usred globalne renesanse istraživanja psihodelika.

Psychedelic psychotherapy is showing great promise

Psihoterapija psihodelicima puno obećava

for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD,

u tretmanu posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja (PTSP-a),

depression, social anxiety, substance abuse and alcoholism

depresije, socijalne anksioznosti, zloupotrebe droga, alkoholizma

and suicide.

i samoubojstva.

Psychedelic psychotherapy is an attempt to go after the root causes

Psihoterapija psihodelicima je pokušaj da se dođe do samog korijena

of the problems,

nečijih problema,

with just relatively few administrations,

uz samo nekoliko primjena doza,

as contrasted to most of the psychiatric drugs used today

što je suprotnost većini psihijatrijskih lijekova

that are mostly just reducing symptoms

koji samo smanjuju simptome

and are meant to be taken on a daily basis.

i treba ih uzimati svaki dan.

Psychedelics are now also being used as tools for neuroscience

Psihodelici su alat u neuroznanstvenim istraživanjima

to study brain function

proučavanju funkcije mozga

and to study the enduring mystery of human consciousness.

i posebno, u proučavanju trajne misterije ljudske svijesti.

And psychedelics and the mystical experiences they produce

Psihodelici i mistična iskustva do kojih oni dovode

are being explored for their connections between meditation and mindfulness,

proučavaju se zbog njihove veze s meditacijom i svjesnosti,

including a paper just recently published

i nedavno je objavljen rad

about lifelong zen meditators taking psilocybin

o dugogodišnjim zen meditatorima koji još uzimaju i psilocibin

in the midst of a meditation retreat

u meditacijskim odmaralištima.

and showing long-term benefits and brain changes.

Pokazali su dugoročne dobrobiti i promjene u mozgu.

Now, how do these drugs work?

Kako djeluju ove droge?

Modern neuroscience research has demonstrated

Moderna neuroznanost nam pokazuje

that psychedelics reduce activity

da psihodelici umanjuju aktivnost

in what's known as the brain's default mode network.

onoga što nazivamo zadanom mrežom u mozgu.

This is where we create our sense of self.

Tu stvaramo osjećaj sebstva.

It's our equivalent to the ego,

To je ekvivalent ega,

and it filters all incoming information

koji filtrira sve ulazne informacije

according to our personal needs and priorities.

prema našim osobnim potrebama i prioritetima.

When activity is reduced in the default mode network,

Kad se smanji aktivnost te zadane mreže,

our ego shifts from the foreground to the background,

naš ego se povlači iz prvog plana prema pozadini,

and we see that it's just part of a larger field of awareness.

i mi ga vidimo kao jedan mali dio puno većeg polja svijesti.

It's similar to the shift

To je slično promjeni

that Copernicus and Galileo were able to produce in humanity

do koje su Kopernik i Galileo doveli u našoj povijesti

using the telescope

kada su teleskopom

to show that the earth was no longer the center of the universe,

pokazali kako Zemlja nije središte svemira,

but was actually something that revolved around the sun,

već je ona nešto što se okreće oko Sunca

something bigger than itself.

kao nečega većeg od sebe.

For some people, this shift in awareness

Nekim ljudima je ovaj pomak u svjesnosti

is the most important

najvažnije

and among the most important experiences of their lives.

ili bar jedno od najvažnijih iskustava u životu.

They feel more connected to the world bigger than themselves.

Osjećaju bolju povezanost sa svijetom koji je veći od nijh samih.

They feel more altruistic,

Osjećaju veći altruizam,

and they lose some of their fear of death.

gube dio straha od smrti.

Not all drugs work this way.

Ne djeluju sve droge na ovaj način.

MDMA, also known as Ecstasy, or Molly,

MDMA, poznat kao ecstasy ili Molly,

works fundamentally different.

djeluje bitno drukčije.

And I'll be able to share with you the story of Marcela,

To ću vam pokazati pričom o Marceli,

who suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder

koja je patila od posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja

from a violent sexual assault.

nakon nasilnog seksualnog napada.

Marcela and I were introduced in 1984,

Upoznali smo se 1984.

when MDMA was still legal,

kada je MDMA još bio legalan,

but it was beginning also to leak out of therapeutic circles.

ali je već počeo curiti izvan terapeutskih krugova.

Marcela had tried MDMA in a recreational setting,

Marcela je uzela MDMA u rekreacijskim uvjetima

and during that, her past trauma flooded her awareness

i proživljena trauma tada je iznova preplavila njenu svijest

and it intensified her suicidal feelings.

i pojačala njene suicidalne osjećaje.

During our first conversation,

U našem prvom razgovoru,

I shared that when MDMA is taken therapeutically,

rekao sam joj kako MDMA, kad se uzima terapijski,

it can reduce the fear of difficult emotions,

može smanjiti strah od teških emocija

and she could help move forward past her trauma.

i pomoći joj da se makne dalje od svoje traume.

I asked her to promise not to commit suicide

Tražio sam da mi obeća kako neće izvršiti samoubojstvo

if we were to work together.

ako bismo radili zajedno.

She agreed and made that promise.

Složila se i dala mi to obećanje.

During her therapeutic sessions,

U njenim terapijskim seansama,

Marcela was able to process her trauma more fluidly, more easily.

Marcela je uspjela proći svoju traumu lakše, fluidnije.

And yet, she was able to tell

Istovremeno je uspjela reći

that the rapist had told her that if she ever shared her story,

da joj je silovatelj zaprijetio, ispriča li ikada o tom događaju,

he would kill her.

ubit će je.

And she realized that that was keeping her a prisoner in her own mind.

Shvatila je tada kako je bila zarobljenica vlastitog uma.

So being able to share the story

Kad je podijelila svoju priču,

and experience the feelings and the thoughts in her mind

proradila osjećaje i iskustva vlastitog uma,

freed her,

postala je slobodna

and she was able to decide

i mogla je odlučiti

that she wanted to move forward with her life.

kako želi krenuti dalje sa svojim životom.

And in that moment,

U tom trenutku

I realized that MDMA could be very effective for treating PTSD.

sam shvatio kako bi MDMA mogla biti učinkovita za PTSP.

Now, 35 years later, after Marcela's treatment,

Sada, 35 godina nakon tog tretmana,

she's actually a therapist,

Marcela je postala terapeut

training other therapists to help people overcome PTSD with MDMA.

i trener za druge terapeute koji liječe PTSP pomoću MDMA.

Now, how does MDMA work?

Kako djeluje MDMA?

How did MDMA help Marcela?

Kako je točno MDMA pomogla Marceli?

People who have PTSD have brains that are different

Ljudi koji imaju PTSP imaju i drukčiji mozak

from those of us who don't have PTSD.

od nas koji nemamo PTSP.

They have a hyperactive amygdala, where we process fear.

Hiperaktivna im je amigdala, gdje se obrađuje strah.

They have reduced activity in the prefrontal cortex,

Smanjena im je aktivnost prefrontalnog korteksa,

where we think logically.

gdje logički mislimo.

And they have reduced activity in the hippocampus,

I smanjena im je aktivnost hipokampusa,

where we store memories into long-term storage.

gdje su pohranjena naša dugoročna sjećanja.

MDMA changes the brain in the opposite way.

MDMA mijenja mozak u suprotnom smjeru.

MDMA reduces activity in the amygdala,

MDMA smanjuje aktivnost amigdale,

increases activity in the prefrontal cortex

pojačava aktivnost frontalnog korteksa

and increases connectivity between the amygdala and the hippocampus

i jača veze amigdale i hipokampusa

to remit traumatic memories to move into long-term storage.

kako traumatska sjećanja ne bi bila dugoročno pohranjena.

Recently, researchers at Johns Hopkins published a paper in "Nature,"

Istraživači iz Johns Hopkinsa su nedavno objavili rad u časopisu Nature,

in which they demonstrated that MDMA releases oxytocin,

u kojem su pokazali da MDMA oslobađa oksitocin,

the hormone of love and nurturing.

hormon ljubavi i brižnosti.

The same researchers also did studies in octopuses,

Isti su istraživači radili s hobotnicama,

who are normally asocial, unless it's mating season.

koje su asocijalne izvan sezone parenja.

But lo and behold, you give them MDMA,

Ali ako im date MDMA,

and they become prosocial.

postaju prosocijalne.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Several months after Marcela and I worked together,

Nekoliko mjeseci nakon mog i Marcelinog rada,

the Drug Enforcement Administration moved to criminalize Ecstasy,

uprava za suzbijanje droga (DEA) je kriminalizirala ecstasy,

having no knowledge of its therapeutic use.

bez ikakvih znanja o njegovoj terapijskoj upotrebi.

So I went to Washington,

Stoga sam otišao u Washington,

and I went into the headquarters of the Drug Enforcement Administration,

ravno u sjedište odjela DEA-e

and I filed a lawsuit demanding a hearing,

i tužbom sam tražio saslušanje

at which psychiatrists and psychotherapists

na kojem bi psihijatri i psihoterapeuti

would be able to present information about therapeutic use of MDMA

mogli prikazati informacije o psihoterapijskoj koristi MDMA

to try to keep it legal.

i zadržati je u legalnom okviru.

And in the middle of the hearing, the DEA freaked out,

Usred saslušanja, DEA se prepala,

declared an emergency

proglasila alarmantno stanje

and criminalized all uses of MDMA.

i kriminalizirala svako korištenje MDMA.

And so the only way that I could see to bring it back

Jedini način da to popravim

was through science, through medicine

bilo je koristiti znanost, medicinu,

and through the FDA drug development process.

kroz proces razvoja lijeka Uprave za hranu i lijekove (FDA).

So in 1986, I started MAPS

Pa sam 1986. pokrenuo MAPS,

as a nonprofit psychedelic pharmaceutical company.

kao neprofitnu farmaceutsku kuću koja proizvodi psihodelike.

It took us 30 years, till 2016,

Trebalo nam je 30 godina, do 2016.

to develop the data that we needed to present to FDA

da prikupimo podatke koje moramo prezentirati agenciji FDA,

to request permission to move into the large-scale Phase 3 studies

kako bismo zatražili fazu 3, studiju na velikom broju ispitanika,

that are required to prove safety and efficacy

koju moramo proći kako bismo dokazali sigurnost i učinkovitost,

before you get approval for prescription use.

prije nego što se lijek može izdati na recept.

Tony was a veteran in one of our pilot studies.

Tony je bio veteran u jednoj od naših pilot studija.

According to the Veterans Administration,

Prema Ministarstvu veterana,

there's over a million veterans now disabled with PTSD.

više od milijun veterana ima PTSP.

And at least 20 veterans a day are committing suicide,

Najmanje 20 dnevno ih počini samoubojstvo,

many of them from PTSD.

i mnogi baš zbog PTSP-a.

The treatment that Tony was to receive was three and a half months long.

Tonyjev je tretman trajao tri i pol mjeseca.

But during that period of time,

Kroz to vrijeme

he would only get MDMA on three occasions,

samo je triput primio dozu MDMA,

separated by 12, 90-minute non-drug psychotherapy sessions,

dok je u međuvremenu imao 12 psihoterapijskih seansi po 90 minuta.

three before the first MDMA session for preparation

Tri razgovora prije prve doze MDMA, u svrhu pripreme,

and three after each MDMA session for integration.

i tri razgovora nakon svake doze, u svrhu integracije iskustva.

We call our treatment approach "inner-directed therapy,"

Naš smo pristup nazvali "terapijom vođenom iznutra,"

in that we support the patient to experience whatever's emerging

jer podržavamo pacijenta da iskusi sve što mu se pojavi,

within their minds or their bodies.

u svijesti ili u tijelu.

Even with MDMA, this is hard work.

I uz MDMA, to je težak rad.

And a lot of our subjects have said,

I mnogi su pacijenti rekli:

"I don't know why they call this Ecstasy."

''Ne znam zašto to zovu ecstasy.''

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

During Tony's first MDMA session,

Tony je u svojoj prvoj seansi s MDMA

he lay on the couch, he had eyeshades on,

ležao na kauču, s povezom preko očiju,

he listened to music,

slušao je glazbu

and he would speak to the therapists,

i obraćao se terapeutima,

who were a male-female co-therapy team,

koji su bili muško-ženski par,

whenever he felt that he needed to.

kad bi on osjetio potrebu za tim.

After several hours,

Poslije nekoliko sati,

in a moment of calmness and clarity,

u trenutku smirenosti i jasnoće,

Tony shared that he had realized

izjavio je da je shvatio

his PTSD was a way of connecting him to his friends.

kako je njemu PTSP način da se poveže s prijateljima.

It was a way of honoring the memory of his friends who had died.

Njemu je to bio način odavanja počasti poginulim prijateljima.

But he was able to shift and see himself through the eyes of his dead friends.

Kad je doživio transformaciju te se pogledao očima svojih prijatelja,

And he realized that they would not want him to suffer,

shvatio je da oni ne žele da on pati

to squander his life.

i protrati svoj život.

They would want him to live more fully,

Oni bi htjeli da on živi potpuno,

which they were unable to do.

iako oni to više ne mogu.

And so he realized that there was a new way to honor their memory,

Pa je pronašao novi način kojim će čuvati sjećanje na njih,

which was to live as fully as possible.

tako što će živjeti punim plućima.

He also realized that he was telling himself a story

Shvatio je i da je sebe obmanjivao govoreći

that he was taking opiates for pain.

kako opijate uzima za bol.

But actually, he realized, he was taking them for escape.

Iako ih je stvarno uzimao za bijeg.

So he decided he didn't need the opiates anymore,

Odlučio je da ih više ne treba,

he didn't need the MDMA anymore,

nije mu više trebala ni MDMA,

and he was dropping out of the study.

i tako nam je odustao od studije.

That was seven years ago.

Bilo je to prije sedam godina.

Tony is still free of PTSD,

Ni danas Tony nema PTSP,

has never returned to opiates

nije se nikad vratio opijatima

and is helping others less fortunate than himself in Cambodia.

i pomaže drugima, manje sretnima, u Kambodži.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

The data that we presented to FDA

Podaci koje smo iznijeli pred FDA

from 107 people in our pilot studies, including Tony,

uključuju 107 ljudi iz naše pilot studije, zajedno s Tonyjem,

showed that 23 percent of the people that received therapy without active MDMA

i pokazuju da je u kontrolnoj grupi bilo 23 posto ljudi

no longer had PTSD at the end of treatment.

izliječenih od PTSP-a na samom kraju tretmana.

This is really pretty good for this patient population.

To je vrlo dobar rezultat u toj populaciji pacijenata.

However, when you add MDMA,

Kada u tretman dodate još i MDMA,

the results more than double, to 56 percent no longer having PTSD.

rezultat se udvostruči; 56 posto ljudi više nema PTSP.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

But most importantly,

Najvažnije od svega,

once people learn that if they don't need to suppress their trauma,

kad ljudi shvate da ne trebaju potiskivati traume

but they can process it,

već ih mogu proraditi,

they keep getting better on their own.

tada se nastavljaju oporavljati sami.

So at the 12-month follow-up one year after the last treatment session,

Jednu godinu nakon posljednjeg razgovora,

two-thirds no longer have PTSD.

2/3 njih više nema PTSP.

And of the one-third that do,

A u 1/3 onih koji imaju,

many have clinically significant reductions in symptoms.

mnogima su simptomi klinički značajno smanjeni.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

On the basis of this data,

Na temelju tih podataka,

the FDA has declared MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD

FDA je odobrila psihoterapiju uz MDMA za slučajeve PTSP-a

a breakthrough therapy.

kao terapiju prvog izbora.

FDA has also declared psilocybin a breakthrough therapy

Proglasila je i psilocibin terapijom prvog izbora

for treatment-resistant depression

za depresiju koja ne reagira na obični tretman

and just recently approved esketamine for depression.

i nedavno dozvolila esketamin za depresiju.

I'm proud to say that we have now initiated our Phase 3 studies.

Ponosan sam što smo započeli fazu 3 studija

And if the results are as we hope,

i ako rezultati budu onakvi kakvima se nadamo,

and if they're similar to the Phase 2 studies,

slični onima iz druge faze,

by the end of 2021, FDA will approve MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD.

do kraja 2021. će FDA odobriti MDMA za PTSP.

If approved,

Ako bude odobren,

the only therapists who will be able to directly administer it to patients

jedini terapeuti koji će moći primijenjivati takav lijek

are going to be therapists that have been through our training program,

će biti oni koji su prošli naš program treninga.

and they will only be able to administer MDMA

I samo će oni davati MDMA

under direct supervision in clinic settings.

pod izravnim nadzorom i u kliničkim uvjetima.

We anticipate that over the next several decades,

Predviđamo kako će u nekoliko idućih desetljeća

there will be thousands of psychedelic clinics established,

postojati tisuće takvih klinika za psihodelike

at which, therapists will be able to administer MDMA,

i u njima će terapeuti moći dati MDMA,

psilocybin, ketamine and other psychedelics

psilocibin, ketamine i druge psihodelike

to potentially millions of patients.

milijunima pacijenata.

These clinics can also evolve into centers where people can come

Takve klinike se mogu razviti u centre u koje ljudi dolaze

for psychedelic psychotherapy for personal growth,

po terapiju u svrhu osobnog rasta,

for couples therapy

po terapiju za parove,

or for spiritual, mystical experiences.

ili po duhovna, mistična iskustva.

Humanity now is in a race between catastrophe and consciousness.

Čovječanstvo se utrkuje između katastrofe i svjesnosti.

The psychedelic renaissance is here to help consciousness triumph.

Renesansa psihodelika će pomoći da pobijedi svjesnost.

And now, if you all just look under your seats ...

Pogledajte ispod vašeg sjedala...

Just joking!

Šala!

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Corey Hajim: You've got to stay up here for a minute.

Corey Hajim: Ostanite tu još koju minutu.

Thank you so much, Rick.

Puno ti hvala, Rick.

I guess it's a supportive audience.

Publika nas podržava.

Rick Doblin: Yes, very.

Rick Doblin: Da, potpuno.

Many of them have also been to Burning Man.

Mnogi od njih su bili i na festivalu Burning Man.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

CH: There's some synergy.

CH: Na djelu je neka sinergija.

RD: (Laughs)

RD: (Smijeh)

CH: So, in your talk, you talked about using these drugs

CH: U govoru si pričao o korištenju ovih droga

to address some pretty serious traumas.

za liječenje ozbiljnih trauma.

So what about some more common mental illnesses

Što je s nekim uobičajenim mentalnim bolestima,

like anxiety and depression,

poput anksioznosti i depresije,

and is that where microdosing comes in?

pomaže li tu mikrodoziranje?

RD: Well, microdosing can be helpful for depression,

RD: Mikrodoziranje može pomoći kod depresije.

I do know someone that has been using it.

Poznajem nekoga tko je to radio.

But in general, for therapeutic purposes,

No, za terepijski proces općenito

we prefer macro-dosing rather than microdosing,

radije koristimo velike doze nego mikrodoze,

in order to really help people deal with the root causes.

kako bismo stvarno pomogli ljudima riješiti probleme u korijenu.

Microdosing is more for creativity,

Mikrodoziranje je više za kreativnost,

for artistic inspiration,

umjetničku inspiraciju,

for focus ...

fokus...

And it also does have a mood-elevation lift.

Ono i podiže raspoloženje.

But I think for serious illnesses,

No, za ozbiljne bolesti

we'd rather not get people thinking that they need a daily drug,

ne želimo da ljudi misle: ''Trebam lijek svaki dan.''

but do more deeper, intense work.

Neka rade dublje i intenzivnije na sebi.

CH: And what about outside the United States and North America,

CH: Što s ljudima izvan SAD-a i Sjeverne Amerike,

is this research being done there?

provode li se i tamo ova istraživanja?

RD: Oh yeah, we're globalizing.

RD: Da, sve globaliziramo.

Our Phase 3 studies are actually being done

Faza 3 naših studija provodi se

in Israel, Canada and the United States.

u Izraelu, Kanadi i SAD-u.

So once we get approval in FDA,

Kad dobijemo odobrenje od FDA,

it will also become approved in Israel and in Canada.

ono će vrijediti i u Izraelu i Kanadi.

We're just starting research in Europe.

Upravo počinjemo istraživanja u Europi.

And we're actually going to be training some therapists from China.

I treniramo neke terapeute iz Kine.

CH: That's great.

CH: To je sjajno.

We were going to do an audience vote

Htjeli smo da publika glasa

kako bismo provjerili misle li da je dobro

to see if people felt like this was a good idea

to move forward with this research or not,

da se ova istraživanja nastave,

but I have a feeling I know the answer to that, so ...

no čini mi se da već znamo odgovor, stoga...

Thank you so much, Rick.

Hvala ti, Rick.

RD: Thank you. Thank you all.

RD: Hvala tebi, hvala svima.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)