Let's launch a satellite to track a threatening greenhouse gas | Fred Krupp

67,475 views ・ 2018-09-27

TED


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We've got a big problem on our hands with global warming.
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A lot of you, a lot of people have been watching the floods,
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the droughts, the storms, the fires.
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When I leave this stage today, I don't want you to have hope.
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I want you to have certainty, real certainty
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that we can make a dent in this problem and live to see it.
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I want to give you a vision of what that would look like.
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This is the first time we've shared this publicly.
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You're the first audience to hear it.
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We are going to launch a rocket.
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And on that rocket will be a satellite.
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And that satellite will collect data about pollution
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that is warming the planet.
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We will put that data in the hands of people
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who can make simple fixes
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that will change the course of global warming in our lifetime.
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That's a lot to take in, maybe I should back up.
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First, let me introduce myself, I'm Fred,
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I've been an environmentalist since I was a kid,
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when I watched the fish and the frogs in my neighborhood pond
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die from a chemical spill.
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That bothered me.
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Later, a professor inspired me to think about environmentalism differently.
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How the best solutions come from
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answering people's aspirations for prosperity,
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things like being safe and healthy and thriving in this world.
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So I joined the Environmental Defense Fund to build those kind of solutions.
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And I've worked my whole career for a moment like this --
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the moment, when we can stop fighting headwinds
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and start to have the wind at our backs.
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Because of the power of information,
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information from technology
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that is coming down in price and going up in precision.
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You see, there's something about climate change that we didn't grasp
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just a decade ago.
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The world was so focused on carbon dioxide
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that we overlooked another important gas.
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We didn't appreciate methane.
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Methane pollution causes one quarter of the global warming
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that we're experiencing right now.
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Pound for pound, its immediate impact is far greater than carbon dioxide.
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Eighty four times greater over a 20-year period.
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One of the largest sources of methane pollution
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is the oil and gas industry.
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But that's not obvious, because methane is invisible.
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Let's take a look at this natural gas storage facility
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outside of Los Angeles.
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Can you see the methane?
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Neither can I.
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How about now?
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We shot this using an infrared camera, at the same spot,
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exposing one of the worst methane leaks in the history of the United States.
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That's a very different picture.
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It turns out that natural gas is displacing our dependence on coal,
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which emits far more carbon dioxide.
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But natural gas is mostly methane.
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So, as it's produced and processed
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and transported to homes and businesses across America,
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it escapes from wells and pipes and other equipment.
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It gets up into the sky and contributes
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to the disasters that we're now experiencing.
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That does not have to happen.
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But nobody had paid much attention to it
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until we launched a nationwide study to understand the problem.
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We used drones, planes, helicopters, even Google Street View cars.
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It turns out there's far more of this methane pollution
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than what the government is reporting.
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It also turns out that when we find where the gas is being vented and leaked,
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most of those sources can be fixed easily and inexpensively,
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saving the gas that would have otherwise been wasted.
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And finally, we learn that when you put information like that into people's hands,
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they act.
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Leading companies replaced valves and tightened loose-fitting pipes.
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Colorado became the first state in the nation to limit methane pollution;
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California followed suit, and the public joined in.
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Tweets started flying -- #cutmethane.
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And everybody's paying more attention now.
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We're doing this because we can't wait for Washington, especially not now.
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In fact, we have to take what we've done so far
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and go higher, to the sky.
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The United Stated represents about 10 percent of this pollution.
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To find the rest, we have to go global.
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Remember that rocket I mentioned?
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It will launch a compact satellite, called MethaneSAT,
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to do what no one has been able to do until now:
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measure methane pollution from oil and gas facilities worldwide,
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with exacting precision.
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Its data stream will allow us to map that pollution,
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so that everyone can see it.
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Then it's all about turning data into action,
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just as we did in the United States.
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We've seen that when we present companies with data,
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many of them will cut the pollution.
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Citizens will be empowered to take action;
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governments will tighten the regulations.
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And because all of our data will be free and public,
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there will be transparency --
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we'll all be able to see how much progress is being made and where.
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Which brings me to our goal:
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to cut this methane pollution by 45 percent by 2025.
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(Applause)
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That will have the same near-term impact
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as shutting down 1,300 coal-fired power plants.
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That's one third of all the coal-fired power plants in the world.
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Nothing else can have this sort of near-term impact at such a low cost.
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The fact that a single satellite
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can help us put the brakes on global warming is truly remarkable.
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This is our chance to create change in our lifetimes,
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and we can do it now.
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Thanks to the generous giving of the Audacious Project,
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we are on a path toward liftoff.
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But my time is running short, and I promised you a vision
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of what a critical piece of the solution would look like.
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Can you see it?
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Can you see how this satellite leverages
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the best of science and data and technology?
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Can you see we're entering a whole new era of innovation
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that is supercharging progress?
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Can you see that it's in our hands?
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We've set an aggressive goal of three years till liftoff,
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and when that satellite is ready, we'll have a launch party.
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A literal launch party.
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So imagine a blue-sky day, crowds of people,
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television cameras,
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kids staring up toward the sky
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at a thing that will change their future.
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What an amazing day that will be.
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What a big opportunity we have.
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I can't wait.
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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