John Doerr: Seeking salvation and profit in greentech

80,818 views ใƒป 2007-05-30

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: mohamed sabry ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Faisal Jeber
00:25
I'm really scared. I don't think we're going to make it.
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ุฃู†ุง ุฎุงุฆู ูุนู„ุง ุŒ ู„ุง ุฃุธู† ุฃู†ู†ุง ุณู†ุณุชุทูŠุน ุชุฎุทูŠ ุฐู„ูƒ.
00:32
Probably by now most of you have seen Al Gore's amazing talk.
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ุฃุธู† ุฃู† ู…ุนุธู…ูƒู… ุดุงู‡ุฏ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ' ุงู„ ุฌูˆุฑ' ุงู„ู…ุฏู‡ุดุฉ.
00:36
Shortly after I saw that, we had some friends over for dinner
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ุจุนุฏ ุฃู† ุดุงู‡ุฏุชู‡ุง ุจูˆู‚ุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุŒ ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนุดุงุก
00:40
with the family. The conversation turned to global warming,
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ู…ุน ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ. ูˆุชุญูˆู„ุช ุงู„ู…ุญุงุฏุซุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุญุชุจุงุณ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุŒ
00:44
and everybody agreed, there's a real problem.
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ูˆุงู„ูƒู„ ุงุชูู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ.
00:48
We've got a climate crisis.
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ู†ุญู† ููŠ ุฃุฒู…ุฉ ู…ู†ุงุฎูŠุฉ.
00:50
So, we went around the table to talk about what we should do.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุญุงูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุณุชุทูŠุน ูุนู„ู‡ุง.
00:55
The conversation came to my 15-year-old daughter, Mary.
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ูˆุฌุงุก ุฏูˆุฑ ุงุจุชู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฑูŠ ุŒ ุฐุงุช ุงู„ 15 ุนุงู…ุง.
01:00
She said, "I agree with everything that's been said.
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ู‚ุงู„ุช "ุฃู†ุง ู…ูˆุงูู‚ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู‚ูŠู„".
01:05
I'm scared and I'm angry." And then she turned to me and said,
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"ุฃู†ุง ุฎุงุฆูุฉ ูˆุบุงุถุจุฉ" ุŒ ุซู… ุงุณุชุฏุงุฑุช ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆู‚ุงู„ุชุŒ
01:10
"Dad, your generation created this problem; you'd better fix it." Wow.
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"ุฃุจูŠ ุŒ ุฌูŠู„ูƒ ู‚ุฏ ุชุณุจุจ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ุฃู† ุชู‚ูˆู…ูˆุง ุจุญู„ู‡ุง".
01:18
All the conversation stopped. All the eyes turned to me.
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ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุฏุซุงุช ุชูˆู‚ูุช ุŒ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนูŠูˆู† ุงุชุฌู‡ุช ู†ุญูˆูŠ.
01:22
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
01:27
I didn't know what to say. Kleiner's second law is,
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ู„ู… ุฃุฌุฏ ุดูŠุฆุง ู„ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ . ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† ูƒู„ูŠู†ุฑkleiner ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆุŒ
01:32
"There is a time when panic is the appropriate response."
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"ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃูˆู‚ุงุช ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฐุนุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจ."
01:36
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
01:37
And we've reached that time. We cannot afford to underestimate
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ูˆููŠ ูˆู‚ุชู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุŒ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุณุชุฎู ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
01:43
this problem. If we face irreversible and catastrophic consequences,
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ุงุฐุง ู‚ุงุจู„ุชู†ุง ุนูˆุงู‚ุจ ูƒุงุฑุซูŠุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุตู„ุงุญุŒ
01:51
we must act, and we must act decisively.
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ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุชุตุฑู ุŒ ูˆู†ุชุตุฑู ุจุญุณู….
01:54
I've got to tell you, for me, everything changed that evening.
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ุนู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุŒ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ ุŒ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุชุบูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุก.
01:58
And so, my partners and I, we set off on this mission to learn more,
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุŒ ู‚ู…ุช ูˆุดุฑูƒุงุฆูŠ ุจุฅุทู„ุงู‚ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ุฉ ู„ู†ุชุนู„ู… ุฃูƒุซุฑุŒ
02:02
to try to do much more. So, we mobilized. We got on airplanes.
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ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุฃู† ู†ูุนู„ ุดูŠุฆุง ู…ุง ุŒ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฌู‡ุฒู†ุง ุงู†ูุณู†ุง ูˆุฑูƒุจู†ุง ุงู„ุทุงุฆุฑุงุช.
02:06
We went to Brazil. We went to China and to India,
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ุฐู‡ุจู†ุง ู„ู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ุŒ ู„ู„ุตูŠู† ูˆู„ู„ู‡ู†ุฏุŒ
02:09
to Bentonville, Arkansas, to Washington, D.C. and to Sacramento.
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ุฐู‡ุจู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุจูŠู†ุชูˆู†ููŠู„ ุŒ ุฃุฑูƒุงู†ุณุงุณ ุŒ ูˆู„ู„ุนุงุตู…ุฉ ูˆุงุดู†ุทู† ูˆูƒู„ูƒ ู„ู€ ุณูƒุฑุงู…ู†ุชูˆ.
02:14
And so, what I'd like to do now is to tell you
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู…ุง ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ูุนู„ู‡ ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุฅุฎุจุงุฑูƒู…
02:17
about what we've learned in those journeys.
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ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู„ุงุช.
02:20
Because the more we learned, the more concerned we grew.
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒู„ู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ู†ุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ู†ุง ูˆู‚ู„ู‚ู†ุง ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน.
02:23
You know, my partners at Kleiner and I were compulsive networkers,
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ูƒู… ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ูˆุดุฑูƒุงุฆูŠ ููŠ 'ูƒู„ูŠู†ุฑ' ูƒู†ุง ุดุจูƒูŠูˆู†ุŒ
02:25
and so when we see a big problem or an opportunity
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุฑู‰ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ูุฑุตุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ
02:28
like avian flu or personalized medicine,
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ูƒุฅู†ูู„ูˆู†ุฒุง ุงู„ุทูŠูˆุฑ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุทุจ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠ personalized medicineุŒ
02:31
we just get together the smartest people we know.
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ู†ู‚ูˆู… ูˆู‚ุชู‡ุง ุจุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃุฐูƒู‰ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู†ุนุฑูู‡ู….
02:34
For this climate crisis, we assembled a network, really,
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ู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎ ุŒ ุฌู…ุนู†ุง ุดุจูƒุฉ ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ ูุนู„ุงุŒ
02:38
of superstars, from policy activists to scientists and entrepreneurs
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู… ุŒ ุงู„ู†ุดุทุงุก ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠูŠู† ุŒ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ูˆุญุชู‰ ุฑุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงู„
02:43
and business leaders. Fifty or so of them.
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ูˆุฃุตุญุงุจ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุŒ ูˆุตู„ ุนุฏุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ู‰ 50 ุดุฎุตุง.
02:45
And so, I want to tell you about what we've learned in doing that
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃุฎุจุฑูƒู… ู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุฐู„ูƒ
02:49
and four lessons I've learned in the last year.
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ูˆุนู† ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุชุนู„ู…ุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ.
02:52
The first lesson is that companies are really powerful,
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ุงู„ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ุงูˆู„ ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ูุนู„ุงุŒ
02:56
and that matters a lot. This is a story about
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุตู†ุน ูุงุฑู‚ุง ูƒุจูŠุฑุง ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ุตุฉ ุญูˆู„ ูˆูˆู„-ู…ุงุฑุช wal-mart
02:59
how Wal-Mart went green, and what that means.
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ูˆูƒูŠู ุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู‰ "ุฃุฎุถุฑ" ุŒูˆ ู…ุง ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ.
03:02
Two years ago, the CEO, Lee Scott, believed that green is
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ู…ู†ุฐ ุนุงู…ูŠู† ุŒ ุฑุฆูŠุณ ู…ุฌู„ุณ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุŒ ู„ูŠ ุณูƒูˆุช lee scott ุŒ ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† "ุงู„ุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฎุถุฑ"
03:07
the next big thing, and so Wal-Mart made going green a top priority.
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ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู… ู„ู‡ู… ุŒ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ูˆุถุนูˆุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุฃุณ ุฃูˆู„ูˆูŠุงุชู‡ู….
03:13
They committed that they're going to take their existing stores
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ุฅู„ุชุฒู…ูˆุง ุจุงู† ูŠุญูˆู„ูˆุง ู…ุฎุงุฒู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู„ูŠุฉ
03:15
and reduce their energy consumption by 20 percent,
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ูˆุฃู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„ูˆุง ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุจู†ุณุจุฉ 20 %ุŒ
03:18
and their new stores by 30 percent, and do all that in seven years.
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ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู…ุฎุงุฒู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุŒ ุณูŠุฎูุถูˆุง ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒู‡ุง ุจู†ุณุจุฉ 30 % ุŒ ูˆุฃู† ูŠูุนู„ูˆุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุฎู„ุงู„ 7 ุณู†ูˆุงุช.
03:24
The three biggest uses of energy in a store are heating
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ุงูƒุจุฑ 3 ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ุงุช ู„ู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงู„ ูƒุงู†ุช : ุงู„ุชุณุฎูŠู†
03:27
and air conditioning, then lighting, and then refrigeration.
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ูˆุชูƒูŠูŠู ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ุŒ ุซู… ุงู„ุฅุถุงุกุฉ ุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ.
03:31
So, look what they did.
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ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุง.
03:33
They painted the roofs of all their stores white.
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ู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ุจุฏู‡ุงู† ุงุณุทุญ ุงู„ู…ุญุงู„ ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุจูŠุถ.
03:36
They put smart skylights through their stores
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ูˆุถุนูˆุง ู†ูˆุงูุฐ skylights ุŒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุณู…ุญ ู„ุฃุดุนุฉ ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ุจุงู„ุฏุฎูˆู„ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฃุณุทุญ ุงู„ู…ุญุงู„.
03:38
so they could harvest the daylight and reduce the lighting demands.
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ููŠุณุชุทูŠุนูˆุง ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุณุชูุงุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุถูˆุก ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ูˆุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ุชุทู„ุจุงุช ุงู„ุฅุถุงุกุฉ.
03:42
And, third, they put the refrigerated goods
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ูˆุซุงู„ุซุง ุŒ ูˆุถุนูˆุง ุงู„ุจุถุงุฆุน ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ุฏุฉ
03:44
behind closed doors with LED lighting.
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ุฎู„ู ุฃุจูˆุงุจ ู…ุบู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุงุถุงุกุฉ ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠุฉ.
03:47
I mean, why would you try to refrigerate a whole store?
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ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุŒ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชุญุงูˆู„ ุฃู† ุชุจุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ ุจูƒุงู…ู„ู‡ุŸ
03:50
These are really simple, smart solutions based on existing technology.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญู„ูˆู„ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุŒ ุฐูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ ู‚ุงุฆู…ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูุนู„ุง.
03:55
Why does Wal-Mart matter? Well, it's massive.
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ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู‡ุชู… ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช ุจุดูŠุก ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูŠุทูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู….
03:58
They're the largest private employer in America.
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ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุงู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุน ุงู„ุฎุงุต ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ูˆุธููŠู‡ุง.
04:01
They're the largest private user of electricity.
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ู‡ู… ุงูƒุจุฑ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ู‚ุทุงุน ุฎุงุต ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก.
04:03
They have the second-largest vehicle fleet on the road.
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ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงุณุทูˆู„ ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚.
04:07
And they have one of the world's most amazing supply chains,
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ูˆู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฃุฑูˆุน ุณู„ุงุณู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฑุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ูƒู„ู‡ุŒ
04:10
60,000 suppliers. If Wal-Mart were a country,
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60,000 ู…ูˆุฑุฏ ุŒ ุชุฎูŠู„ ู„ูˆ ุฃู† ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช ู‡ูŠ ุฏูˆู„ุฉุŒ
04:14
it would be the sixth-largest trading partner with China.
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ุณุชูƒูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุฉ' ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช' ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณุฉ ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุถุฎุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุจุงุฏู„ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ุตูŠู†.
04:17
And maybe most important, they have a big effect on other companies.
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ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ุŒ ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช ู„ู‡ู… ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุถุฎู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
04:22
When Wal-Mart declares it's going to go green and be profitable,
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุนู„ู† 'ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช' ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุณุชุชุฌู‡ ู„ู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก ุŒ ูˆุชุญู‚ู‚ ุฑุจุญุง ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ
04:27
it has a powerful impact on other great institutions.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู‡ ุฃุซุงุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
04:30
So, let me tell you this:
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฏุนูˆู†ูŠ ุฃุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ :
04:31
when Wal-Mart achieves 20 percent energy reductions,
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ 20% ุชุฎููŠุถุง ู„ู„ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ
04:34
that's going to be a very big deal. But I'm afraid it's not enough.
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุดูŠุฆุง ุนุธูŠู…ุง ุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒุงููŠุง.
04:40
We need Wal-Mart and every other company to do the same.
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ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ูƒู„ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู† ุชูุนู„ ู…ุง ูุนู„ู‡' ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช.
04:45
The second thing that we learned is that individuals matter,
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ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃู…ุฑ ุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡ ู‡ูˆ : ุงู† ุงู„ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ูŠุตู†ุนูˆู† ูุงุฑู‚ุงุŒ
04:48
and they matter enormously.
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ูˆูŠุคุซุฑูˆู† ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุฌุฏุง.
04:51
I've got another Wal-Mart story for you, OK?
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ู„ุฏูŠ ู‚ุตุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุญูˆู„ 'ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช' ุŒ ุญุณู†ุงุŸ
04:53
Wal-Mart has over 125 million U.S. customers.
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ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 125 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฒุจูˆู† ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠ.
04:56
That's a third of the U.S. population.
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ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุซู„ุซ ุณูƒุงู† ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง.
05:00
65 million compact fluorescent light bulbs were sold last year.
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65 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู…ุตุจุงุญ ุงุถุงุกุฉ ูู„ูˆุฑุณู†ุช ุชู… ุจูŠุนู‡ู… ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ.
05:05
And Wal-Mart has committed they're going to sell
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ูˆุงู„ุฒู…ุช ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุจุฃู†ู‡ู… ุณูŠุจูŠุนูˆู†
05:08
another 100 million light bulbs in the coming year. But it's not easy.
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100 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู…ุตุจุงุญ ุงุถุงููŠ ู„ู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู… ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ุณู‡ู„ุง.
05:13
Consumers don't really like these light bulbs.
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ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‡ู„ูƒูˆู† ู„ุง ูŠุญุจูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจูŠุญ.
05:15
The light's kind of funny, they won't dim,
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ุงู„ุถูˆุก ู…ุถุญูƒ ู†ูˆุนุง ู…ุง ุŒ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุนุชู…ุŒ
05:17
takes a while for them to start up.
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ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุตุจุงุญ ู„ูˆู‚ุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุจุฏุฃ.
05:19
But the pay-off is really enormous.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุถุฎู…ุฉ ูุนู„ุง.
05:22
100 million compact fluorescent light bulbs means
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100 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู…ุตุจุงุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ู…
05:25
that we'll save 600 million dollars in energy bills,
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ุณูŠูˆูุฑูˆู† ู„ู†ุง 600 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ููŠ ููˆุงุชูŠุฑ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ
05:29
and 20 million tons of CO2 every year, year in and year out.
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ูˆุณูŠูˆูุฑ ู„ู†ุง 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุทู† ู…ู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ูƒู„ ุนุงู….
05:36
It does seem really hard to get consumers to do the right thing.
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ู‚ุฏ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู„ูƒู… ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุงู‚ู†ุงุน ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‡ู„ูƒ ุจุฃู† ูŠูุนู„ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญ.
05:40
It is stupid that we use two tons of steel, glass and plastic
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ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุจุงุก ุฃู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… 2 ุทู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒุฌุงุฌ ูˆุงู„ู…ุนุฏู† ูˆุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ
05:45
to haul our sorry selves to the shopping mall.
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ู„ุญู…ู„ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูŠุช ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚.
05:49
It's stupid that we put water in plastic bottles
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ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุจุงุก ุฃู† ู†ุถุน ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ููŠ ู‚ูˆุงุฑูŠุฑ ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ
05:52
in Fiji and ship it here.
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ู†ุนุจุฆู‡ุง ููŠ 'ููŠุฌูŠ' ูˆู†ุฑุณู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง.
05:56
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
05:58
It's hard to change consumer behavior
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ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุชุตุฑู ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‡ู„ูƒูŠู†ุŒ
06:00
because consumers don't know how much this stuff costs. Do you know?
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ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‡ู„ูƒูŠู† ู„ุง ูŠุนุฑููˆู† ูƒู… ุชุชูƒู„ู ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุŒ ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑููˆู† ุฃู†ุชู…ุŸ
06:05
Do you know how much CO2 you generated to drive here or fly here?
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ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑู ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ูˆู„ุฏุชู‡ุง ู„ุชู‚ูˆุฏ ุณูŠุงุฑุชูƒ ู„ู‡ู†ุง ุฃูˆ ู„ู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ู„ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุทุงุฆุฑุฉุŸ
06:10
I don't know, and I should.
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ุฃู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃุนุฑู ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุฃุนุฑู.
06:13
Those of us who care about all this would act better
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠู‡ุชู…ูˆู† ุจุฃู…ุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุณูŠุชุตุฑููˆู† ุจุดูƒู„ ุงูุถู„
06:15
if we knew what the real costs were.
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ุฅุฐุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ุงู„ุชูƒุงู„ูŠู ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก.
06:18
But as long as we pretend that CO2 is free,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุฏู…ู†ุง ู†ุชุธุงู‡ุฑ ุจุฃู† ุงู†ุจุนุงุซ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ู„ุง ูŠูƒู„ูู†ุง ุดูŠุฆุงุŒ
06:21
as long as these uses are nearly invisible, how can we expect change?
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ู…ุง ุฏุงู…ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ุงุช ุฎููŠุฉ ุŒ ูƒูŠู ู„ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุชูˆู‚ุน ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุŸ
06:26
I'm really afraid, because I think the kinds of changes
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ุฃู†ุง ุฎุงุฆู ูุนู„ุง ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุธู† ุฃู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
06:30
we can reasonably expect from individuals
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุชูˆู‚ุนู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูุฑุงุฏ
06:33
are going to be clearly not enough.
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ุณุชูƒูˆู† ุบูŠุฑ ูƒุงููŠุฉ ุŒ ุจูƒู„ ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ.
06:38
The third lesson we learned is that policy matters. It really matters.
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ุงู„ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุฉ ุชุตู†ุน ูุงุฑู‚ุงู‹.
06:41
In fact, policy is paramount.
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุŒ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุฉ ุชู…ู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃู‚ูˆู‰.
06:44
I've got a behind-the-scenes story for you
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ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‚ุตุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุงู„ูŠุณ ุŒ ุณุฃุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุจู‡ุง
06:46
about that green tech network I described.
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ุญูˆู„ ุดุจูƒุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ูˆุตูุชู‡ุง.
06:47
At the end of our first meeting, we got together to talk about
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ุจุนุฏ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงูˆู„ ุงุฌุชู…ุงุน ุŒ ุงุฌุชู…ุนู†ุง ู„ู†ุชุญุฏุซ
06:50
what the action items would be, how we'd follow up.
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ุนู† ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงุกุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณู†ุชุฎุฐู‡ุง ุŒ ูˆูƒูŠู ุณู†ุชุงุจุน ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ.
06:54
And Bob Epstein raised a hand. He stood up.
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ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ุฑูุน ุจูˆุจ ุฅุจุณุชูŠู† ูŠุฏู‡ ุŒ ูˆูˆู‚ู.
06:58
You know, Bob's that Berkeley techie type who started Sybase.
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ุจูˆุจ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุจุฏุฃ ุดุฑูƒุฉ Sybase.
07:01
Well, Bob said the most important thing we could do right now
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ุจูˆุจ ู‚ุงู„ ุฃู† ุฃูุถู„ ู…ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†
07:05
is to make it clear in Sacramento, California
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ู‡ูˆ ุชูˆุถูŠุญ ูˆุฌู‡ุฉ ู†ุธุฑู†ุง ููŠ ุณุงูƒุฑุงู…ู†ุชูˆ - ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง
07:09
that we need a market-based system of mandates
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ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุชุดุฑูŠุนุงุช ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุณูˆู‚
07:12
that's going to cap and reduce greenhouse gases in California.
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ู„ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุฅู†ุจุนุงุซ ุบุงุฒุงุช ุงู„ุฅุญุชุจุงุณ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠ ููŠ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง.
07:17
It's necessary and, just as important,
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ู‡ุฐุง ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠ ุŒ ูˆูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง:
07:20
it's good for the California economy.
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ูƒู…ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุฌูŠุฏ ู„ุฅู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง.
07:22
So, eight of us went to Sacramento in August and we met
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ 8 ู…ู†ู†ุง ุฐู‡ุจูˆุง ู„ู€ ุณุงูƒุฑุงู…ู†ุชูˆ ููŠ ุงุบุณุทุณ ูˆู‚ุงุจู„ู†ุง
07:25
with the seven undecided legislators and we lobbied for AB32.
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ุงู„ู€ 7 ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูˆู† ุนู† ุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุนุงุช ุŒ ูˆุถุบุทู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงุฌู„ ุงูŠ ุจูŠ 32.
07:30
You know what? Six of those seven voted yes in favor of the bill,
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ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑููˆู† ุŸ ุŒ 6 ู…ู†ู‡ู… ูˆุงูู‚ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅู‚ุชุฑุงุญุŒ
07:33
so it passed, and it passed by a vote of 47 to 32.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑู‡ุง ุŒ ุจุฃุบู„ุจูŠุฉ 47 ุฅู„ู‰ 32.
07:39
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
07:42
Please. Thank you.
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ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒู… ุŒ ุดูƒุฑุง ุฌุฒูŠู„ุง.
07:46
I think it's the most important legislation of 2006. Why?
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ุฃุธู† ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุฃู‡ู… ู‚ุชุดุฑูŠุน ู„ุนุงู… 2006 ุŒ ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑููˆู† ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ
07:47
Because California was the first state in this country
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ู„ุฃู† ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุฃูˆู„ ูˆู„ุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง
07:51
to mandate 25 percent reduction of greenhouse gases by 2020.
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ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅู‚ุฑุงุฑ ุชุฎููŠุถ 25% ู…ู† ุบุงุฒุงุช ุงู„ุงู†ุจุนุงุซ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠ ุจุญู„ูˆู„ ุนุงู… 2020.
07:55
And the result of that is, we're going to generate 83,000 new jobs,
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ูˆูƒู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุณู†ุตู†ุน 83000 ูุฑุตุฉ ุนู…ู„ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉุŒ
08:00
four billion dollars a year in annual income, and reduce the CO2 emissions
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4 ุจู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุณู†ูˆูŠุง ูƒุนุงุฆุฏ ุงุถุงููŠ ุŒ ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุณุชู‚ู„ ุงู†ุจุนุงุซุงุช ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู†
08:04
by 174 million tons a year.
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ุจุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 174 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุทู† ุณู†ูˆูŠุง.
08:09
California emits only seven percent of U.S. CO2 emissions.
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ูŠู†ุจุนุซ ู…ู† ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง 7% ูู‚ุท ู…ู† ุงู†ุจุนุงุซุงุช ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ.
08:14
It's only a percent and a half of the country's CO2 emissions. It's a great start,
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ู…ู…ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุณู†ูˆู‚ู 1.5% ู…ู† ุงู†ุจุนุงุซุงุช ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุนุธูŠู…ุฉุŒ
08:17
but I've got to tell you -- where I started -- I'm really afraid.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ุฃุฎุจุฑูƒ ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ูุนู„ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุฎุงุฆู ูุนู„ุง.
08:22
In fact, I'm certain California's not enough.
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฃู† ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง ู„ูŠุณุช ูƒุงููŠุฉ.
08:26
Here's a story about national policy that we could all learn from.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ุตุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุณูŠุงุณูŠุงุช ู‚ูˆู…ูŠุฉ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุชุนู„ู… ู…ู†ู‡ุง.
08:30
You know Tom Friedman says, "If you don't go, you don't know"?
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ุชูˆู… ูุฑุงูŠุฏู…ุงู† ู‚ุงู„ :"ุงุฐุง ู„ู… ุชุฐู‡ุจ ุŒ ูู„ู† ุชุนุฑู"ุŸ
08:33
Well, we went to Brazil to meet Dr. Jose Goldemberg.
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ุญุณู†ุง ุŒ ุฐู‡ุจู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ู„ู†ู‚ุงุจู„ ุฏ.ุฌูˆุณ ุฌูˆู„ุฏู…ุจุฑุฌ.
08:37
He's the father of the ethanol revolution.
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ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฃุจูˆ ุซูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„.
08:40
He told us that Brazil's government mandated
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ุฃุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุงู† ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ุฃุฌุจุฑุช
08:43
that every gasoline station in the country would carry ethanol.
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ูƒู„ ู…ุญุทุฉ ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„.
08:47
And they mandated that their new vehicles
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ูˆุฃุตุฑูˆุง ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
08:50
would be flex-fuel compatible, right?
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ุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุจุงู„ุจู†ุฒูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ุŒ ุฌูŠุฏุŸ
08:52
They'd run ethanol or ordinary gasoline.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ุจุฏู„ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠ.
08:55
And so, here's what's happened in Brazil.
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุŒ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุง ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„.
08:57
They now have 29,000 ethanol pumps --
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ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃู† 29000 ู…ุญุทุฉ ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ --
09:00
this versus 700 in the U.S., and a paltry two in California --
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ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ 700 ูู‚ุท ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ ูˆุงุซู†ุงู† ูู‚ุท ููŠ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง --
09:04
and in three years their new car fleet
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ูˆุฎู„ุงู„ 3 ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุชุญูˆู„ ุงุณุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ูŠุฉ
09:06
has gone from four percent to 85 percent flex-fuel.
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ุจุนุฏู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ 4 % ูู‚ุท ุŒูˆุฃุตุจุญ 85 % ู…ู† ุณูŠุงุฑุงุชู‡ู… ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุจุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠ ูˆุจุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„.
09:11
Compare that to the U.S.: five percent are flex-fuel.
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ู‚ุงุฑู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ 5% ูู‚ุท ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุจุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„.
09:14
And you know what? Most consumers who have them don't even know it.
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ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู† ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠู…ู„ูƒูˆู† ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ู…ุฑู†ุฉ ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุจุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆุฏูŠู† ุŒ ู„ุง ูŠุนุฑููˆู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุญุชู‰ !
09:19
So, what's happened in Brazil is, they've replaced
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ุญุณู†ุง ุŒ ู…ุง ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุงุณุชุจุฏู„ูˆุง
09:22
40 percent of the gasoline consumed by their automotive fleet with ethanol.
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40% ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู†ุฒูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุณูŠุงุฑุงุชู‡ู… ุจุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„.
09:26
That's 59 billion dollars since 1975
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ 59 ุจู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ู†ุฐ 1975
09:30
that they didn't ship to the Middle East.
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ู„ู… ูŠุฑุณู„ูˆู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดุฑู‚ ุงู„ุฃูˆุณุท ุซู…ู†ุง ู„ู„ุจุชุฑูˆู„.
09:32
It's created a million jobs inside that country,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุตู†ุนูˆุง ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจู„ุฏู‡ู…ุŒ
09:35
and it's saved 32 million tons of CO2. It's really substantial.
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ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู†ุนูˆุง ุงู†ุจุนุงุซ 32 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุทู† ู…ู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฑู‚ู… ุถุฎู… ูุนู„ุง.
09:39
That's 10 percent of the CO2 emissions across their entire country.
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ุซู„ 10 % ู…ู† ุงู†ุจุงุนุงุซุงุช ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูƒุณุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ููŠ ุจู„ุงุฏู‡ู… ูƒู„ู‡ุง.
09:43
But Brazil's only 1.3 percent of the world's CO2 emission.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ุชู…ุซู„ ูู‚ุท 1.3% ู…ู† ุงู†ุจุนุงุซุงุช ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู….
09:47
So, Brazil's ethanol miracle, I'm really afraid, is not enough.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู…ุนุฌุฒุฉ ุซูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ุŒ ู„ูŠุณุช ูƒุงููŠุฉ ุงูŠุถุง.
09:54
In fact, I'm afraid all of the best policies we have
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุŒ ุฃุดุนุฑ ุฃู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุงุช ุงู„ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ู…ู„ูƒู‡ุง
09:57
are not going to be enough.
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ู„ู† ุชูƒูˆู† ูƒุงููŠุฉ.
10:01
The fourth and final lesson we've learned
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ุงู„ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡
10:03
is about the potential of radical innovation.
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ุญูˆู„ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฅุจุชูƒุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุชุทุฑู.
10:05
So, I want to tell you about a tragic problem
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ุณุงุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุนู† ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ุฃุณุงูˆูŠุฉ
10:07
and a breakthrough technology.
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ูˆุงุจุชูƒุงุฑ ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠ ู…ุฐู‡ู„.
10:09
Every year a million and a half people die of
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ูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุŒ ูŠู…ูˆุช ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ูˆู†ุตู ุดุฎุต
10:12
a completely preventable disease. That's malaria. 6,000 people a day.
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ุจุณุจุจ ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุŒ ูƒุงู„ู…ู„ุงุฑูŠุง ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู‚ุชู„ 6000 ุดุฎุต ูŠูˆู…ูŠุง.
10:17
All for want of two dollars' worth of medications
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ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฃุฌู„ ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุจู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงู† ูู‚ุท
10:19
that we can buy at the corner drugstore.
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ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุดุฑุงุคู‡ุง ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ุตูŠุฏู„ูŠุฉ.
10:21
Well, two dollars, two dollars is too much for Africa.
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ุญุณู†ุง ุŒ ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงู† ุŒ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุจู„ุบ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ุฃูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง.
10:25
So, a team of Berkeley researchers with 15 million dollars
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ูุฑูŠู‚ ู…ู† ุจุงุญุซูŠ ุจูŠุฑูƒู„ูŠ ุŒ ุจุชู…ูˆูŠู„ 15 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
10:29
from the Gates Foundation is engineering, designing a radical new way
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ู…ู† ู…ุคุณุณุฉ ุจูŠู„ ุฌูŠุชุณ Gates ุŒ ุจุฏุฃูˆุง ุชุทูˆูŠุฑ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
10:35
to make the key ingredient, called artemisinin,
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ู„ุตู†ุน ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณู…ู‰ ุฃุฑุชู…ูŠุณูŠู†ูŠู†ุŒ
10:39
and they're going to make that drug 10 times cheaper.
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ุณูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆู† ุฌุนู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฏูˆุงุก ุฃุฑุฎุต ุจ 10 ู…ุฑุงุช.
10:41
And in doing so, they'll save a million lives --
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุŒ ุณูŠู†ู‚ุฐูˆู† ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุงู†ุณุงู† --
10:44
at least a million lives a year. A million lives.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุดุฎุต ุŒ ูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุŒ ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฑูˆุญ.
10:47
Their breakthrough technology is synthetic biology.
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ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุจูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจูŠุฉ.
10:51
This leverages millions of years of evolution
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ุซู„ ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุณู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุทูˆุฑ
10:53
by redesigning bugs to make really useful products.
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ุจุงุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ุญุดุฑุงุช ู„ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู†ุชุงุฌ ู…ู†ุชุฌุงุช ู…ููŠุฏุฉ.
10:56
Now, what you do is, you get inside the microbe,
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ุงู„ุงู† ุŒ ู…ุง ุชูุนู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุชุฏุฎู„ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจุŒ
10:59
you change its metabolic pathways, and you end up with a living chemical factory.
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ุชุบูŠุฑ ููŠ ู…ุณุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฃูŠุถ ุฎุงุตุชู‡ ุŒ ูˆุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุตู†ุน ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠ ุญูŠ.
11:04
Now, you may ask,
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ุงู„ุงู† ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุณุงู„ุŒ
11:06
John, what has this got to go with green and with climate crisis?
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ู…ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃุฎุถุฑ ุฃูˆ ุจุฃุฒู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎุŸ
11:09
Well, I'll tell you -- a lot.
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ุญุณู†ุง ุŒ ุณุฃุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุŒ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ -- ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ.
11:11
We've now formed a company called Amyris, and this technology
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒูˆู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุงู† ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุชุณู…ู‰ Amyris ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุฉ
11:15
that they're using can be used to make better biofuels.
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู†ู‡ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชููŠุฏ ููŠ ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุญูŠูˆูŠ ุฃูุถู„.
11:19
Don't let me skip over that. Better biofuels are a really big deal.
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ุณุฃุดุฑุญ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุŒ ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุญูŠูˆูŠ ุฃูุถู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุฌุฏุง.
11:23
That means we can precisely engineer the molecules in the fuel chain
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ู…ุนู†ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุฏุณุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ููŠ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ
11:27
and optimize them along the way.
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ูˆู†ุญุณู†ู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุทุงุน.
11:30
So, if all goes well, they're going to have designer bugs in warm vats
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ูˆุงุฐุง ุณุงุฑุช ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ูƒู…ุง ุฎุทุทูˆุง ู„ู‡ุง
11:35
that are eating and digesting sugars to excrete better biofuels.
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ุณู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุดุฑุงุช ุชู‡ุถู… ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุงุช ูˆุชูุฑุฒ ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุญูŠูˆูŠ ุฃูุถู„.
11:42
I guess that's better living through bugs.
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ุฃุธู† ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญูŠุงุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุญุดุฑุงุช.
11:46
Alan Kay is famous for saying
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ุฃู„ุงู† ูƒุงูŠ ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡
11:48
the best way to predict the future is to invent it.
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ุฃูุถู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู„ุชูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุชุฎุชุฑุนู‡.
11:50
And, of course, at Kleiner we, kind of, apologize and say
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ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ุŒ ู†ุญู† ููŠ ูƒู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑ ุŒ ู†ุนุชุฐุฑ ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู„
11:53
the second best way is to finance it.
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ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูุถู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ุชู…ูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„.
11:55
And that's why we're investing 200 million dollars
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ูŠุฌุนู„ู†ุง ู†ู†ูู‚ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 200ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
11:59
in a wide range of really disruptive new technologies
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ููŠ ู…ุฏู‰ ูˆุงุณุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ุงุช ูˆุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง
12:02
for innovation in green technologies.
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ู„ุงุจุชูƒุงุฑ ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุฎุถุฑุงุก ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ.
12:04
And we're encouraging others to do it as well.
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ูˆู†ุดุฌุน ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑูŠู† ู„ูŠูุนู„ูˆุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃูŠุถุง.
12:06
We're talking a lot about this.
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ู†ุญู† ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ูƒุซูŠุฑุง ุนู† ู‡ุฐุง.
12:08
In 2005, there were 600 million dollars invested in new technologies
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ููŠ 2005 ุŒ ุชู… ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ 600 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ููŠ ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
12:13
of the sort you see here. It doubled in 2006 to 1.2 billion dollars.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุฑูˆู‡ ุงู„ุงู† ุŒ ุชุถุงุนู ุงู„ู…ุจู„ุบ ุงู„ู‰ 1.2 ุจู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ููŠ 2006.
12:18
But I'm really afraid we need much, much more.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ู‚ู„ู‚ ูุนู„ุง ู…ู† ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ.
12:24
For reference, fact one:
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ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุชุฐูƒุฑ ุฌู…ูŠุนุง: ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงูˆู„ู‰:
12:25
Exxon's revenues in 2005 were a billion dollars a day.
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ุนุงุฆุฏุงุช ุฅูƒุณูˆู† Exxon ููŠ 2005 ูƒุงู†ุช ุจู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูŠูˆู…ูŠุง.
12:28
Do you know, they only invested 0.2 percent of revenues in R&D?
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ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑููˆู† ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑูˆุง 0.2 % ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงุฆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุญุซ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุชุทูˆูŠุฑุŸ
12:32
Second fact: the President's new budget for renewable energy
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ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ: ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุฑุฆูŠุณ ุงู„ู…ุฎุตุตุฉ ู„ู„ุทุงู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุฌุฏุฏุฉ
12:36
is barely a billion dollars in total.
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ู„ุง ุชุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ุจู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ.
12:39
Less than one day of Exxon's revenues.
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ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุนุงุฆุฏุงุช ุฅูƒุณูˆู† Exxon ููŠ ูŠูˆู… ูˆุงุญุฏ.
12:42
Third fact: I bet you didn't know that there's enough energy
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ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ : ุฃุฑุงู‡ู† ุฃู†ูƒู… ู„ุง ุชุนุฑููˆู† ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุทุงู‚ุฉ ูƒุงููŠุฉ
12:45
in hot rocks under the country to supply America's energy needs
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ููŠ ุงู„ุตุฎูˆุฑ ุงู„ุณุงุฎู†ุฉ ุชุญุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ ุŒ ูƒุงููŠุฉ ู„ุฅู…ุฏุงุฏ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุจูƒู„ ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌุงุชู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ
12:50
for the next thousand years. And the federal budget
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ู„ู„ุฃู„ู ุนุงู… ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ููŠุฏุฑุงู„ูŠุฉ
12:54
calls for a measly 20 million dollars of R&D in geothermal energy.
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ุชุชูˆู‚ุน ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌู†ุง ู„ 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ู„ุจุญุซ ูˆุงู„ุชุทูˆูŠุฑ ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฌูŠูˆุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉ (ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุทุจู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ).
12:59
It is almost criminal that we are not investing more
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ุฃุธู†ู‡ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู„ุง ู†ุณุชุซู…ุฑ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู…ุง ู†ุณุชุซู…ุฑู‡ ุญุงู„ูŠุง
13:02
in energy research in this country.
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ููŠ ุฃุจุญุงุซ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ.
13:05
And I am really afraid that it's absolutely not enough.
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ูˆู…ุงุฒู„ุช ู‚ู„ู‚ุง ุฌุฏุง ู…ู† ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒุงููŠุง.
13:10
So, in a year's worth of learning we found a bunch of surprises.
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุŒ ูˆุงุฌู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุงุฌุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ.
13:13
Who would have thought that a mass retailer
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ู…ู† ูƒุงู† ูŠุธู† ุฃู† ุชุงุฌุฑ ุชุฌุฒุฆุฉ
13:15
could make money by going green? Who would have thought that
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ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ูŠุญู‚ู‚ ุฃุฑุจุงุญุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุชุจู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุกุŸู…ู† ูƒุงู† ู„ูŠุตุฏู‚ ุฃู†
13:17
a database entrepreneur could transform California with legislation?
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ุฑุฌู„ ู…ุชุฎุตุต ููŠ ู‚ูˆุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง ู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ุชุดุฑูŠุนุงุช ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉุŸ
13:21
Who would have thought that the ethanol biofuel miracle
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ู…ู† ูƒุงู† ูŠุธู† ุฃู† ู…ุนุฌุฒุฉ ุงู„ู„ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠ
13:25
would come from a developing country in South America?
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ู‚ุฏ ุชุงุชูŠ ู…ู† ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ู†ุงู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจูŠุฉุŸ
13:28
And who would have thought that scientists
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ูˆู…ู† ูƒุงู† ูŠุธู† ุฃู† ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก
13:30
trying to cure malaria could come up with breakthroughs in biofuels?
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆู† ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุฑูŠุง ุณูŠูƒุชุดููˆู† ุงูƒุชุดุงูุง ุฌุฏูŠุฏุง ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุŸ
13:35
And who would have thought that all that is not enough?
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ูˆู…ู† ูƒุงู† ูŠุธู† ุฃู† ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ูƒุงููŠุงุŸ
13:40
Not enough to stabilize the climate.
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ู„ูŠุณ ูƒุงููŠุง ู„ุงุณุชู‚ุฑุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎ.
13:42
Not enough to keep the ice in Greenland from crashing into the ocean.
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ู„ูŠุณ ูƒุงููŠุง ู„ุฅุจู‚ุงุก ุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ููŠ ุฌุฑูŠู†ู„ุงู†ุฏ ุจู…ู†ุฃู‰ ุนู† ุงู„ุฐูˆุจุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท.
13:46
The scientists tell us -- and they're only guessing --
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ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ุŒ ูƒุชุฎู…ูŠู† ู…ู†ู‡ู… --
13:48
that we've got to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by one half,
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ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุชุนูŠู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฎูุถ ุงู†ุจุนุงุซุงุช ุงู„ุบุงุฒุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุจุจุฉ ู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุตูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุตูุŒ
13:52
and do it as fast as possible.
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ูˆุฃู† ู†ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุฃุณุฑุน ูˆู‚ุช ู…ู…ูƒู†.
13:53
Now, we may have the political will to do this in the U.S.,
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ุงู„ุฃู† ุŒ ู‚ุฏ ู†ู…ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ ู„ู†ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉุŒ
13:56
but I've got to tell you, we've got only one atmosphere,
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ู„ูƒู† ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ุฃุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุบู„ุงู ุฌูˆูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูู‚ุทุŒ
14:00
and so somehow we're going to have to find the political will
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ุงู„ุงู†ุŒ ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ู†ุฌุฏ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ุดุญุฐ ุงู„ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ
14:02
to do this all around the world. The wild card in this deck is China.
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ู„ุฃู† ู†ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ูƒู„ู‡ ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู„ุงุนุจ ุงู„ู…ุญูˆุฑูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุตูŠู†.
14:09
To size the problem, China's CO2 emissions today are 3.3 gigatons;
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ู„ู†ูู‡ู… ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุŒ ุงู†ุจุนุงุซุงุช ุงู„ุตูŠู† ู…ู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 3.3 ุฌูŠุฌุง ุทู†ุŒ
14:15
the U.S. is 5.8. Business as usual means
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ูˆุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุถุนู ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูŠู† 5.8 ู…ุฑุฉ
14:19
we'll have 23 gigatons from China by 2050.
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ุจุญู„ูˆู„ 2050 ุŒ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง 23 ุฌูŠุฌุง ุทู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูŠู†.
14:22
That's about as much CO2 as there is in the whole world.
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ุงุซู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุญุงู„ูŠุง.
14:25
And if it's business as usual, we're going out of business.
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ูˆุงุฐุง ุงุณุชู…ุฑ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุงู„ ุŒ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ู‚ุฏ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰.
14:28
When I was in Davos, China's Mayor of Dalian was pressed
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ููŠ ุฏุงููˆุณ ุŒ ุนู…ุฏุฉ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ "ุฏุงู„ูŠุงู†" ุงู„ุตูŠู†ูŠุฉ ูƒุงู† ูŠุชุญุฏุซ
14:31
about their CO2 strategy, and he said the following,
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ุนู† ุงุณุชุฑุงุชูŠุฌูŠุชู‡ู… ุญูˆู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุŒ ูˆู‚ุงู„
14:34
"You know, Americans use seven times the CO2 per capita as Chinese."
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"ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑููˆู† ุŒ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠูŠู† ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู†ู†ุง ุจ 7 ุฃุถุนุงู.
14:39
Then he asked, "Why should China sacrifice our growth
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ุซู… ุณุฃู„ : "ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูŠู† ุฃู† ุชุถุญูŠ ุจู†ู…ูˆู‡ุง)
14:43
so that the West can continue to be profligate and stupid?"
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ู„ูŠุชู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุบุฑุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุจุฐูŠุฑ ูˆุงู„ุญู…ุงู‚ุฉุŸ"
14:47
Does anybody here have an answer for him? I don't.
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ู‡ู„ ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ู„ุฏู‰ ุฃูŠ ู…ู†ูƒู… ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุŸ - ุฃู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃู…ู„ูƒ ุงุฌุงุจุฉ ูุนู„ุง.
14:52
We've got to make this economic so that all people and all nations
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ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠุตุจุญ ู‡ุฐุง ุฐูˆ ุฌุฏูˆู‰ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠุฉ ุŒ ู„ุชุชู…ูƒู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃู…ู…
14:59
make the right outcome, the profitable outcome,
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ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุฌุฏูŠุฉ ุŒ ูˆู…ุฑุจุญุฉุŒ
15:01
and therefore the likely outcome.
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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุณุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุงู„ู…ุญุชู…ู„ุฉ.
15:03
Energy's a six-trillion-dollar business worldwide.
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ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุงุนู…ุงู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ูŠุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ 6 ุชุฑูŠู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ.
15:05
It is the mother of all markets. You remember that Internet?
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ุณูˆู‚ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู… ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุงู‚ ูƒู„ู‡ุง . ู‡ู„ ุชุนุฑููˆู† ุงู„ุฃู†ุชุฑู†ุชุŸ
15:09
Well, I'll tell you what. Green technologies -- going green --
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ุญุณู†ุง .ุณุฃุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุŒ ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก --
15:13
is bigger than the Internet.
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ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุญุฌู…ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู†ุฑุชู†ุช.
15:14
It could be the biggest economic opportunity of the 21st century.
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ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูุฑุตุฉ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู‚ุฑู† ุงู„ 21.
15:18
Moreover, if we succeed, it's going to be
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ูˆุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุŒ ู„ูˆ ู†ุฌุญู†ุง ููŠ ุณุนูŠู†ุง
15:20
the most important transformation for life on the planet since,
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ุณูˆู ูŠุตุจุญ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ูƒูˆูƒุจู†ุงุŒ
15:24
as Bill Joy says, we went from methane to oxygen in the atmosphere.
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ูƒู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุจูŠู„ ุฌูˆูŠุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุซุงู† ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ุงู„ุฌูˆูŠ.
15:28
Now, here's the hard question, if the trajectory of all the world's
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ุงู„ุฃู† ุŒ ุญุงู† ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุŒ ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุฌู‡ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ูƒู„ู‡
15:33
companies and individuals and policies and innovation
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ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ูˆุงู„ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ูˆุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุงุช ูˆุงู„ุงุจุชูƒุงุฑุงุช ุŒ ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุบูŠุฑ ูƒุงููŠุฉ
15:37
is not going to be enough, what are we going to do? I don't know.
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ู…ุงุฐุง ุณู†ูุนู„ ุญูŠู†ู‡ุงุŸ ุŒ ู„ุง ุฃุนุฑู.
15:45
Everyone here cares about changing the world
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ูƒู„ ุดุฎุต ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู‡ุชู… ุจุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
15:48
and has made a difference in that one way or another.
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ูˆุตู†ุน ุดูŠุฆุง ู…ุง ู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุŒ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจุฃุฎุฑู‰.
15:51
So, our call to action -- my call to you --
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุฏุนูˆุชู†ุง ู„ู„ุชุญุฑูƒ ุŒ ุฏุนูˆุชูŠ ู„ูƒู… --
15:55
is for you to make going green your next big thing, your gig.
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู† ุชุฌุนู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก ู‡ูˆ ุฎุทูˆุชูƒู… ุงู„ู…ู‚ุจู„ุฉ.
16:02
What can you do? You can personally get carbon neutral.
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ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชูุนู„ูˆุงุŸ ุŒูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒู… ุงู† ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ุนุชุฏู„ูŠู† ุจุฎุตูˆุต ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู†.
16:08
Go to ClimateCrisis.org or CarbonCalculator.com
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ุงุฐู‡ุจ ุงู„ู‰ ClimateCrisis.org ุฃูˆ CarbonCalculator.com
16:12
and buy carbon credits. You could join other leaders in mandating,
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ุงุดุชุฑูˆุง ุฑุตูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุŒ ุจู…ูƒู†ูƒู… ุงู„ุงู†ุถู…ุงู… ู„ู‚ุงุฏุฉ ุฃุฎุฑูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุŒ
16:17
lobbying for mandated cap and trade in U.S. greenhouse gas reductions.
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ู†ุชุญุฏ ู…ุนู‡ู… ู„ุชุฎููŠุถ ุงู†ุจุนุงุซ ุงู„ุบุงุฒุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ.
16:22
There's six bills right now in Congress. Let's get one of them passed.
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ 6 ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌุฑุณ ุงู„ุฃู† ุŒ ู„ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุฃู† ู†ู…ุฑุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู….
16:27
And the most important thing you can do, I think,
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ูˆุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุŒ
16:29
is to use your personal power and your Rolodex
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ุงู† ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุชุฃุซูŠุฑูƒ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠ ุŒ ูˆุฏูุชุฑ ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุชูƒ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠุฉ
16:31
to lead your business, your institution, in going green.
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ู„ู‚ูŠุงุฏุฉ ุนู…ู„ูƒ ุŒ ุงูˆ ู…ุคุณุณุชูƒ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุก.
16:35
Do it like Wal-Mart, get it to go green
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ุงูุนู„ู‡ุง ูƒู…ุง ูุนู„ ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช ุŒ ุงุจุฐู„ ุฌู‡ุฏูƒ
16:37
for its customers and its suppliers and for itself.
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ู„ุนู…ู„ุงุคูƒ ุŒ ูˆู„ู…ูˆุฑุฏูŠู†ูƒ ูˆู„ู…ุคุณุณุชูƒ ู†ูุณู‡ุง.
16:42
Really think outside the box.
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ููƒุฑ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ุงู„ุถูŠู‚.
16:44
Can you imagine what it would be like if Amazon or eBay or Google
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ู‡ู„ ุชุชุฎูŠู„ ู…ุงุฐุง ุณูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ูˆ ู‚ุฑุฑ ุฃู…ุงุฒูˆู† ุฃูˆ ุฅูŠ ุจุงูŠ ุฃูˆ ุฌูˆุฌู„
16:49
or Microsoft or Apple really went green and you caused that to happen?
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ุงูˆ ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุณูˆูุช ุฃูˆ ุฃุจู„ ุฃู† ูŠุชุฌู‡ูˆุง ู„ู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุงุกุŸ
16:54
It could be bigger than Wal-Mart.
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ูˆูˆู„ ู…ุงุฑุช.
16:59
I can't wait to see what we TEDsters do about this crisis.
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ู„ุง ุฃุณุชุทูŠุน ุงู„ุตุจุฑ ู„ุฃุฑู‰ ู…ุง ุณู†ูุนู„ู‡ ุจุฎุตูˆุต ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฒู…ุฉ.
17:05
And I really, really hope that we multiply all of our energy,
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ูˆุฃุชู…ู†ู‰ ูุนู„ุง ุŒ ุฃู† ู†ุถุงุนู ุทุงู‚ุงุชู†ุง ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ุงุŒ
17:09
all of our talent and all of our influence to solve this problem.
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ูƒู„ ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุชู†ุง ุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู†ุง ูˆู†ููˆุฐู†ุง ุŒ ู„ุญู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ.
17:24
Because if we do, I can look forward
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูˆ ูุนู„ู†ุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุณูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ู„ู„ุงู…ุงู…
17:30
to the conversation I'm going to have with my daughter in 20 years.
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ูˆุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุฏุซุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณุชุฏูˆุฑุจูŠู†ูŠ ูˆุจูŠู† ุงุจู†ุชูŠ ุจุนุฏ 20 ุนุงู…ุง.
17:34
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7