The dark history of the overthrow of Hawaii - Sydney Iaukea

翻译人员: KIWI KIWI 校对人员: Helen Chang

It was January 16th, 1895.

那是1895年1月16日，

Two men arrived at Lili’uokalani’s door, arrested her,

两个人来到莉莉乌卡拉尼 （Lili’uokalani）的门口，逮捕了她，

and led her to the room where she would be imprisoned.

并把她带到了一个房间， 她将被囚禁在那里。

A group had recently seized power and now confiscated her diaries,

一个团体最近夺取了权力， 没收了她的日记，

ransacked her house, claimed her lands, and hid her away.

洗劫了她的房子， 抢走了她的土地，并把她隐藏起来。

Lili’uokalani was Hawaii’s queen.

莉莉乌卡拉尼曾经是夏威夷的女王。

And she ruled through one of the most turbulent periods of its history.

她的统治历经其历史上 最动荡的时期之一。

75 years earlier, American missionaries first arrived in Hawaii.

75年前，美国传教士首次抵达夏威夷。

They quickly amassed power, building businesses

他们迅速积聚权力，建立企业，

and claiming arable land that they transformed into plantations.

索取可耕地， 把这些土地变成了种植园。

They worked closely with the ali’i,

他们与阿里人紧密合作，

or sacred Hawaiian nobility closely linked to the Gods.

这些人是神圣的夏威夷贵族， 与众神密切相关。

The ali’i appointed missionaries to government roles

阿里人任命传教士担任政府职务，

where they helped establish Hawaii as a sovereign kingdom

他们帮助夏威夷建立了一个 君主立宪制的主权王国。

with a constitutional monarchy.

But once certain business opportunities emerged—

但一旦某些商业机会出现——

namely, the prospect of exporting sugar to the US tariff-free—

即，免關稅地向美国出口糖的前景——

some of their descendants shifted positions.

他们中的一些后裔转移了阵营。

They formed a political group known as “the Missionary Party”

他们组成了一个被称为 “传教士党”的政治团体，

and began plotting to annex Hawaii, bringing it under US control.

开始谋划吞并夏威夷， 将其置于美国的控制之下。

Lili’uokalani and her siblings were born into an ali’i family.

莉莉乌卡拉尼和她的兄弟姐妹们 出生在一个阿里人家庭。

In 1874, her brother, Kalākaua, ascended the throne,

1874年，她的弟弟卡拉卡瓦 （Kalākaua）登上了王位。

but thirteen years into his reign, the emerging threat crystallized.

但在他执政的13年里， 新的威胁浮出水面。

The Missionary Party called a meeting where an all-white militia surrounded

传教士党召开了一次会议， 会议由一支白种人组成的民兵所包围，

and forced the king to sign new legislation.

并迫使国王签署新的立法。

Later called the Bayonet Constitution,

这项立法后来被称为刺刀宪法，

it stripped Native Hawaiians of their rights,

它剥夺了夏威夷土著人的权利，

diminished the monarchy’s power,

削弱了君主的权力，

and ceded control to this group of white businessmen.

并将控制权让渡给白人商人。

Four years later, King Kalākaua died,

四年后，卡拉卡瓦国王去世，

heartbroken, Lili’uokalani said,

悲痛的莉莉乌卡拉尼说道，

“by the base ingratitude of the very persons whose fortunes he had made.”

“这是由他照拂的那些人 卑劣的忘恩负义所致。”

Prepared to fight, she assumed the throne.

做好了战斗的准备，她登上了王位。

Despite death threats and rumors of insurgency,

尽管面对着死亡威胁和叛乱的谣言，

Queen Lili’uokalani was determined to restore power to her people—

莉莉乌卡拉尼女王决心 恢复她的人民的权力——

an estimated two thirds of whom had lost their voting rights.

他们中估计有三分之二的人 已失去了投票权。

Flooded with requests for change, she authored a new constitution.

怀揣着变革的愿望， 她撰写了一部新宪法。

But before she introduced it, the so-called “Committee of Safety,”

但在她推出新宪法前， 所谓的 “安全委员会“，

a new organization that consisted of many Missionary Party members,

一个由许多传教士党员组成的新组织，

hatched another plot.

酝酿了另一个阴谋。

Under the false pretense that this new constitution

以这部新宪法

endangered American property and lives,

危及美国人的财产和生命为幌子，

they staged a coup on January 17th, 1893.

他们在1893年1月17日发动了政变。

More than 160 US Marines marched to the palace,

160多名美国海军陆战队员向皇宫行进。

where the “Committee of Safety” removed Queen Lili’uokalani from office.

在那里，“安全委员会” 将莉莉乌卡拉尼女王免职。

Thousands of Hawaiian people protested,

数以千计的夏威夷人进行了抗议，

some wearing hat bands reading, “Aloha ’Āina,” or “love of the nation.”

一些人戴着帽子，上面写着 “Aloha ’Āina”即 “爱国之情”。

The alleged “Provisional Government” declared Hawaii a Republic

所谓的 “临时政府”在下一年 宣布夏威夷为共和国。

the following year.

They proclaimed that Hawaiians couldn’t vote

他们宣称夏威夷人不能投票，

or be government employees without signing a new “oath of allegiance.”

也不能在未签署新的 “效忠誓言”的情况下成为政府雇员。

Many refused.

许多人拒绝签署。

The following year, some of Lili’uokalani’s supporters

第二年，莉莉乌卡拉尼的一些支持者 试图进行反革命。

attempted a counterrevolution.

The Republic responded brutally,

共和国做出了粗暴的回应，

jailing hundreds and sentencing six people to death.

监禁了数百人，并判处6人死刑。

In exchange for their release,

作为释放他们的交换条件，

the Republic made Lili’uokalani sign a document

共和国让莉莉乌卡拉尼 签署了一份文件，

that claimed to relinquish her throne, and they imprisoned her in the palace.

文件中声称她放弃王位， 而后他们把她囚禁在宫中。

Under constant guard, she composed songs expressing her love for her people

在持续的看守下，她创作了一些歌曲 来表达她对人民的爱，

and began making a patchwork quilt that told the story of her life.

并开始制作一条拼接被子 来讲述她的人生故事。

While she was only allowed news that had been reviewed by her jailers,

由于她只被允许浏览 狱卒们审查过的新闻，

her supporters often brought her bouquets from the garden she’d dedicated to them,

她的支持者们经常 从她馈赠的花园中带来花束，

wrapped in newspaper.

用报纸包着。

After 8 months, Lili’uokalani was placed under house arrest.

8个月后，莉莉乌卡拉尼被软禁。

As soon as it was lifted, she traveled to Washington, D.C.

软禁解除后，她立即前往华盛顿特区，

with Hawaiian nationalists and over 20,000 signatures.

带着夏威夷的民族主义者们 与超过20,000个签名。

There they successfully convinced Congress to halt the Republic’s annexation treaty.

他们在那里成功地说服了国会 停顿共和国的吞并条约。

But the following year, the Spanish-American War began.

但在第二年， 美西战争开始了。

Seeing Hawaii as a strategic military base,

视夏威夷为一个战略军事基地，

President William McKinley declared it a US territory on July 7th, 1898—

威廉·麦金利总统于1898年7月7日宣布 夏威夷成为美国领土。

breaking international law and devastating Queen Lili’uokalani and her people.

这不但违反国际法， 而且伤害了女王和她的人民。

She spent the rest of her life petitioning for the restoration of her lands,

她的余生都在请愿， 恢复她的土地，

Native Hawaiian rights, and national liberation.

恢复夏威夷原住民的权利， 与解放民族。

When she died in 1917, these dreams were unrealized.

当她1917年去世时， 这些梦想尚未实现。

A member of the group that forced Queen Lili’uokalani out of office

迫使女王下台的集团的一个成员

once declared, “If we are ever to have peace and annexation

曾经宣称：“如果我们获得了和平与归并

the first thing to do is obliterate the past.”

第一件要做的事就是抹去过去。”

They failed at this goal.

在这个目标上他们失败了。

Queen Lili’uokalani left a resilient legacy:

莉莉乌卡拉尼女王留下了 坚韧不拔的遗产。

Her commitment to her land and people never wavered

她对她的土地和人民的承诺从未动摇，

and many Hawaiians continue to fight in her memory.

许多夏威夷人继续奋战 以纪念她。

Speaking of Hawaii’s children, Queen Lili’uokalani said,

谈到夏威夷的儿童， 莉莉乌卡拉尼女王说，

“It is for them that I would give the last drop of my blood.”

“正是为了他们，我愿意付出 我最后一滴血“。