What it means if you can see faces in objects - Susan G. Wardle

424,217 views ใƒป 2023-06-13

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ํ˜œ๋ฆฐ ๊น€ ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yeowoon Yi
00:07
Imagine opening a bag of chips only to find Santa Claus looking back at you.
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๊ณผ์ž ๋ด‰์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ€ ํด๋กœ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ณ 
00:11
Or turning the corner to see a smile as wide as a building.
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๊ณจ๋ชฉ์„ ๋Œ์•„๋‚˜์˜ค์ž ๋งˆ์ž ์ง‘์ฑ„๋งŒํ•œ ์›ƒ๋Š” ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
00:16
Humans see faces in all kinds of mundane objects,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณด๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
but these faces arenโ€™t realโ€”
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–ผ๊ตด์€ ์ง„์งœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
theyโ€™re illusions due to a phenomenon known as face pareidolia.
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ํŒŒ๋ ˆ์ด๋Œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ํ˜„์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ™˜์ƒ์ด์ฃ .
00:26
So why exactly does this happen, and how far can this distortion of reality go?
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ์–ด๋А ์ •๋„๊นŒ์ง€ ํ˜„์‹ค ์™œ๊ณก์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
00:31
Humans are social animals,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๊ณ 
00:33
and reading faces is an important part of our ability to understand each other.
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ํ‘œ์ •์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
Even a glimpse of someone's face can help you determine if you've met them before,
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์–ผ๊ตด์„ ์‚ด์ง ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ด์ „์— ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
00:42
what mood theyโ€™re in, and if theyโ€™re paying attention to you.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ธ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
We even use facial features to make snap-judgments
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์–ผ๊ตด ํŠน์ง•์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ฐฐ๋‚˜์˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค
00:48
about a personโ€™s potential trustworthiness or aggression.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
To capture all this vital information,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
00:54
humans have evolved to be very sensitive to face-like structures.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋‹ฎ์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ง„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
Whenever we see something,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
01:00
our brain immediately starts working to identify the new visual stimuli
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ž‘๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ž๊ทน์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:04
based on our expectations and prior knowledge.
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์ด ํ™œ๋™์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ณผ ์ด์ „์— ์Œ“์€ ์ง€์‹์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
And since faces are so important,
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์–ผ๊ตด์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
01:09
humans have evolved several regions of the brain
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‡Œ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜์—ญ์„ ์ง„ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ
01:11
that enable us to identify them faster than other visual stimuli.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ž๊ทน๋ณด๋‹ค ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
Whereas recognizing most objects takes our brain around a quarter of a second,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ 0.25์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด,
01:20
we can detect a face in just a tenth of a second.
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์–ผ๊ตด์€ 0.1์ดˆ๋งŒ์— ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
It makes sense that we'd prioritize identifying faces over everything else.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
But brain imaging studies have revealed that regions
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‡Œ ์˜์ƒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ด ์˜์—ญ์€
01:31
may actually be too sensitive,
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๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•ด์ ธ์„œ
01:34
leading them to find faces where they donโ€™t exist.
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์‹ค์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ์—†์–ด๋„ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ๋” ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
In one study, participants reported seeing illusory faces
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ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ ๋ฟ์ธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์คฌ์„ ๋•Œ
01:41
in over 35% of pure-noise images shown to them,
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35%์˜ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ํ™˜์˜์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
despite the fact that nothing was there.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
It might seem concerning that our brains can be so wrong so often,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ ค์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€๋งŒ
01:53
but these illusory faces might actually be a byproduct
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์ด ์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ํ™˜์˜์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค
01:56
of something evolutionarily advantageous.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ง„ํ™”์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
Since processing all the visual input we encounter quickly and correctly
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
02:03
is an enormous computational effort for the brain,
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๋‡Œ์˜ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
this kind of hypersensitivity might act as a useful shortcut.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ๋ฏผํ•จ์€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
After all, seeing illusory faces is usually harmless,
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์–ผ๊ตด์ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋ฌดํ•ดํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด
02:15
while missing a real face can lead to serious issues.
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์ง„์งœ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋†“์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
But for hypersensitivity to be more helpful than harmful,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‡Œ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฏผํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋“์ด ๋” ํฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
02:23
our brains also need to be quick at determining when a face is real
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ์ง„์งœ์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€
02:27
and when it isnโ€™t.
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ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
So how fast can our brains tell when theyโ€™ve been duped?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์†์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆด ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด๊นŒ์š”?
02:32
To answer this question, researchers used a form of brain imaging
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‡Œ ์˜์ƒ์ดฌ์˜์ธ
02:36
known as magnetoencephalography.
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์ž๊ธฐ๋‡ŒํŒŒ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
By measuring the magnetic fields caused by electric currents in the brain,
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๋‡Œ๋‚ด ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
02:43
this technique allows us to track changes in brain activity
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋‡Œ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ
02:46
at the scale of milliseconds.
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๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ดˆ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์ถ”์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
With this tool, researchers revealed that the brain generally recognizes
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
02:53
a face as illusory within a quarter of a secondโ€”
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์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์„ 0.25์ดˆ๋งŒ์— ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์‹œ์—
02:56
around the same time that we can identify most non-face visual stimuli.
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์ง„์งœ ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์ž๊ทน์„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
However, even after our brain knows the face is fake,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ๊ฐ€์งœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ ํ›„์—๋„
03:05
we can still see it in the object.
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๊ณ„์† ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ์†์—์„œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
And by messing with these brain areas,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‡Œ ์˜์—ญ์„ ๊ฑด๋“œ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
03:09
we can further impact our ability to differentiate between fact from fiction.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ํ—ˆ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
In one study, researchers stimulated a participantโ€™s fusiform face area
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ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
03:19
while they were looking at a non-face object.
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž ๋‡Œ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์„ ์ž๊ทนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
As a result, the participant reported momentarily seeing facial features
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
despite the object remaining unchanged.
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๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:29
And while looking at a real face, stimulation of this same area
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์‹ค์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋ผ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉด
03:33
created perceived distortions of the eyes and nose.
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๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ์ฝ”์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์—์„œ ์ธ์ง€ ์™œ๊ณก์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
These studies suggest that certain features are crucial to face detection.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ • ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ์–ผ๊ตด ์ธ์‹์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
Just three dots can be enough to represent eyes and a mouth.
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์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ์ž…์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
03:47
People will even assign gender, age, and emotion to illusory faces.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์งœ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ๋‚˜์ด, ๊ฐ์ •๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
Itโ€™s unclear whether a personโ€™s culture or individual history
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๋ฌธํ™”๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธ์ง€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€๋Š”
03:55
impacts these perceptions,
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์•„์ง ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
but we do know that pareidolia isnโ€™t unique to the human experience.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŒŒ๋ ˆ์ด๋Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ๊ฒช๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
Rhesus macaque monkeys show eye movements similar to our own
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ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ ์›์ˆญ์ด๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ ˆ์ด๋Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ฒด์™€ ์‹ค์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
04:04
when observing pareidolia-inducing objects and real faces,
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์•ˆ๊ตฌ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ
04:08
suggesting that this phenomenon is baked deep into our social primate brains.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์˜์žฅ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‡Œ์— ๊นŠ์ˆ™์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
So, next time you see an unexpected face in a coffee, car, or cabinet,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ปคํ”ผ, ์ฐจ, ์บ๋น„๋„ท์—์„œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:18
remember that itโ€™s just your brain working overtime
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•  ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:21
not to miss the faces that really matter.
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์ง„์งœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋†“์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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