Can 100% renewable energy power the world? - Federico Rosei and Renzo Rosei

2,691,847 views ใƒป 2017-12-07

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Ho Keun Song ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:06
Every year, the world uses 35 billion barrels of oil.
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๋งค๋…„ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 350์–ต ๋ฐฐ๋Ÿด์˜ ์„์œ ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
This massive scale of fossil fuel dependence pollutes the Earth
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
and it won't last forever.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„์œ ๋„ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
00:18
Scientists estimate that we've consumed about 40% of the world's oil.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์„์œ ์˜ 40%๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
According to present estimates,
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
00:25
at this rate, we'll run out of oil and gas in 50 years or so,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์†Œ๋น„ ์†๋„๋ผ๋ฉด 50๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ์„์œ ์™€ ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์ง„๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
and in about a century for coal.
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์„ํƒ„์€ 100๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:32
On the flip side, we have abundant sun, water, and wind.
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ํ•œํŽธ, ํƒœ์–‘, ๋ฌผ, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
These are renewable energy sources,
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์›์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
00:38
meaning that we won't use them up over time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋„ ์†Œ์ง„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
What if we could exchange our fossil fuel dependence
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„
00:44
for an existence based solely on renewables?
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์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
00:48
We've pondered that question for decades,
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ™๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ
00:50
and yet, renewable energy still only provides about 13% of our needs.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ํ•„์š”๋Ÿ‰์˜ 13%๋งŒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
That's because reaching 100% requires renewable energy that's inexpensive
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด 100%๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ณ 
01:00
and accessible.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
This represents a huge challenge,
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์ •๋ง ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์ˆ™์ œ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
01:04
even if we ignore the politics involved and focus on the science and engineering.
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์ •์น˜์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ 
๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์ธก๋ฉด๋งŒ ๋ด๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
We can better understand the problem by understanding how we use energy.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
Global energy use is a diverse and complex system,
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
and the different elements require their own solutions.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฆ„๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:21
But for now, we'll focus on two of the most familiar in everyday life:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ „๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์•กํ™” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
electricity and liquid fuels.
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01:28
Electricity powers blast furnaces, elevators, computers,
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์ „๋ ฅ์€ ์šฉ๊ด‘๋กœ, ์—˜๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ์ดํ„ฐ, ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ž‘๋™์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
01:32
and all manner of things in homes, businesses, and manufacturing.
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์ง‘๊ณผ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ณต์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ž‘๋™์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
Meanwhile, liquid fuels play a crucial role
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ํ•œํŽธ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์—์„œ
01:39
in almost all forms of transportation.
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์•กํ™” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
Let's consider the electrical portion first.
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์šฐ์„  ์ „๋ ฅ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
01:45
The great news is that our technology is already advanced enough
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ง„๋ณด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
01:49
to capture all that energy from renewables,
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์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ถฉ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
and there's an ample supply.
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๋ฌดํ•œ์ • ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ฃ .
01:54
The sun continuously radiates
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ํƒœ์–‘์€ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:56
about 173 quadrillion watts of solar energy at the Earth,
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์•ฝ 17๋งŒ 3์ฒœ์กฐ ์™€ํŠธ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‚ด๋ฟœ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
which is almost 10,000 times our present needs.
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์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•„์š”๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 1๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
It's been estimated that a surface that spans several hundred thousand kilometers
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์ถ”์ •์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ km์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฉด์ ๋งŒ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:10
would be needed to power humanity at our present usage levels.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
So why don't we build that?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ง“์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
Because there are other hurdles in the way,
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02:18
like efficiency
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ํšจ์œจ๊ณผ
02:19
and energy transportation.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์šด์†ก ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:21
To maximize efficiency,
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ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
02:23
solar plants must be located in areas with lots of sunshine year round,
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1๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์ผ์กฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
like deserts.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
02:30
But those are far away from densely populated regions
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ€์ง‘ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
02:34
where energy demand is high.
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02:36
There are other forms of renewable energy we could draw from,
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์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
such as hydroelectric,
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์ˆ˜๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์ด๋‚˜
02:40
geothermal,
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์ง€์—ด
02:42
and biomasses,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋งค์Šค ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:43
but they also have limits based on availability and location.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋“ค ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋„ ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ„์น˜์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
In principle, a connected electrical energy network
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์›์น™์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
์ „์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:51
with power lines crisscrossing the globe
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02:53
would enable us to transport power from where it's generated
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์ „๋ ฅ์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ
02:57
to where it's needed.
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์šด์†กํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™์ ์ธ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
But building a system on this scale faces an astronomical price tag.
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03:03
We could lower the cost by developing advanced technologies
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ๋”์šฑ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์€๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:06
to capture energy more efficiently.
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๊ทธ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
The infrastructure for transporting energy would also have to change drastically.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค๋„ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
Present-day power lines lose about 6-8% of the energy they carry
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์†ก์— ์•ฝ 6~8%์˜ ์ „๋ ฅ์„  ์†์‹ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:19
because wire material dissipates energy through resistance.
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์ €ํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ „์„  ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
Longer power lines would mean more energy loss.
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๋” ๊ธด ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†์‹ค์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:27
Superconductors could be one solution.
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์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Such materials can transport electricity without dissipation.
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์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์†์‹ค ์—†์ด ์ˆ˜์†กํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด์ฃ .
03:34
Unfortunately, they only work if cooled to low temperatures,
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์œ ๊ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ์ €์˜จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋งŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
which requires energy and defeats the purpose.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
03:41
To benefit from that technology,
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
03:43
we'd need to discover new superconducting materials
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์ƒ์˜จ์—์„œ๋„ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด๋ฅผ
03:46
that operate at room temperature.
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
And what about the all-important, oil-derived liquid fuels?
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์„์œ ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์•กํ™” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”?
03:53
The scientific challenge there is to store renewable energy
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๊ณผํ•™๊ณ„์˜ ์ˆ™์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ €์žฅ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
03:56
in an easily transportable form.
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์ˆ˜์†กํ•˜๊ธฐ ํŽธํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
Recently, we've gotten better at producing lithium ion batteries,
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฆฌํŠฌ ์ด์˜จ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ œ์กฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „๋˜์–ด
04:03
which are lightweight and have high-energy density.
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๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์— ๋†’์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
์ž˜ ํ•ด๋ด์•ผ kg๋‹น ์•ฝ 2.5๋ฉ”๊ฐ€์ค„์˜ ์ €์žฅ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
But even the best of these store about 2.5 megajoules per kilogram.
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04:12
That's about 20 times less than the energy in one kilogram of gasoline.
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ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  1kg์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋Œ€๋น„ 20๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์ฃ .
์ •๋ง ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ ค๋ฉด
04:17
To be truly competitive, car batteries would have to store much more energy
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
04:21
without adding cost.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋น„์šฉ ์—†์ด ์ €์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
The challenges only increase for bigger vessels, like ships and planes.
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์„ ๋ฐ•์ด๋‚˜ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
To power a cross-Atlantic flight for a jet,
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๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ์˜ ์ œํŠธ ์—”์ง„์„ ์›€์ง์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
04:32
we'd need a battery weighing about 1,000 tons.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋งŒ 1000ํ†ค ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
This, too, demands a technological leap towards new materials,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์ง„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
higher energy density,
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๋” ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ€๋„์™€
04:40
and better storage.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ €์žฅ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ๋งํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€
04:43
One promising solution would be to find efficient ways
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ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™”ํ•™์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ ์‹œ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
to convert solar into chemical energy.
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04:49
This is already happening in labs,
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์ด๋ฏธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:51
but the efficiency is still too low to allow it to reach the market.
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์ƒ์šฉํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์•„์ง ํšจ์œจ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
To find novel solutions, we'll need lots of creativity,
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๊ธฐ๋ฐœํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๋ฉด
์ฐฝ์˜๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:59
innovation,
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ํ˜์‹ ๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:00
and powerful incentives.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
The transition towards all-renewable energies is a complex problem
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์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ์˜ ์ด์ „์€ ๋ณต์žก ๋‹ค๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
involving technology, economics, and politics.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์น˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:10
Priorities on how to tackle this challenge depend on the specific assumptions
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๋‹ค๊ฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„๋Š”
05:14
we have to make when trying to solve such a multifaceted problem.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ „์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
But there's ample reason to be optimistic that we'll get there.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
Top scientific minds around the world are working on these problems
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:26
and making breakthroughs all the time.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
And many governments and businesses are investing in technologies
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:33
that harness the energy all around us.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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