Why is Marie Antoinette so controversial? - Carolyn Harris

1,364,154 views ・ 2023-06-20

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Sang Jin Yi κ²€ν† : DK Kim
00:07
Order! Order! Who’s the defendant today? Looks pretty fancy.
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μ •μˆ™! μ •μˆ™! 였늘 피고인은 λˆ„κ΅¬μ£ ? κ½€ ν™”λ €ν•΄ λ³΄μ΄λ„€μš”.
00:11
Indeed, Your Honor.
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κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, 재판μž₯λ‹˜.
00:12
This is Marie Antoinette, the Queen of France
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ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ˜ μ™•λΉ„ 마리 μ•™νˆ¬μ•„λ„€νŠΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:15
who was notorious for living in opulence while the peasants starved.
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농뢀듀이 κ΅Άμ£Όλ¦¬λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ ν˜Έμ‚¬μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ μ‚° κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ•…λͺ…이 λ†’μ•˜μ£ .
00:20
That is sensationalist slander.
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그것은 μ„ μ •μ£Όμ˜μ μΈ 쀑상λͺ¨λž΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
Marie Antoinette had little power over her circumstances
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마리 μ•™νˆ¬μ•„λ„€νŠΈλŠ” μžμ‹ μ˜ 상황을 ν†΅μ œν•  힘이 거의 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
00:26
and spent her brief life trying to survive in a turbulent, foreign country.
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격동에 νœ©μ‹ΈμΈ μ™Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 살아남기 μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λ©° 짧은 인생을 λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
You mean she wasn't French?
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μ™•λΉ„κ°€ ν”„λž‘μŠ€μΈμ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‹¨ λ§μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:34
That’s right, Your Honor.
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κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, 재판μž₯λ‹˜.
00:35
She was born in 1755 as the Hapsburg Archduchess Maria Antonia.
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1755λ…„ ν•©μŠ€λΆ€λ₯΄ν¬ λŒ€κ³΅λΉ„ λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•„ μ•ˆν† λ‹ˆμ•„λ‘œ νƒœμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
After two of her older sisters passed away,
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μ–Έλ‹ˆ 두 λͺ…이 죽은 후에,
00:44
she became the only choice for a political marriage to Louis-August,
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루이-μ˜€κ·€μŠ€νŠΈμ™€ μ •λž΅ κ²°ν˜Όμ„ ν•  μœ μΌν•œ 선택이 λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”λ°,
00:48
heir to the French throne.
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λ£¨μ΄λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ˜ μ™•μœ„ κ³„μŠΉμžμ˜€μ£ .
00:50
Essentially, she was sacrificed to secure peace between Austria and France,
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본질적으둜 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ˜€μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬μ•„μ™€ ν”„λž‘μŠ€ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 평화 확보λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν¬μƒλμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
all at the age of 14.
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겨우 14μ‚΄μ—μš”.
00:58
She seemed to have had adjusted to this β€œsacrifice” by 1774
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 1774λ…„κΉŒμ§€ 이 β€˜ν¬μƒβ€™μ— μ μ‘ν•΄μ˜¨ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μ΄λŠ”λ°
01:02
when her husband was crowned king.
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κ·Έλ•Œ λ‚¨νŽΈμ΄ μ™•μœΌλ‘œ μ¦‰μœ„ν•˜μ˜€μ£ .
01:04
She lived a life of luxury, wearing elaborate headdresses,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ‚¬μΉ˜μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 삢을 μ‚΄μ•˜λŠ”λ°μš”,
μ •κ΅ν•œ 머리 μž₯식을 ν•˜κ³  μ™Έκ΅­ 직물을 μˆ˜μž…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
importing foreign fabricsβ€”
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01:09
she even had her own private chateau near Versailles!
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심지어 λ² λ₯΄μ‚¬μœ  κ·Όμ²˜μ— 개인 μ†Œμœ  성도 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
01:12
Meanwhile, France was in an economic tailspin.
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ν•œνŽΈ, ν”„λž‘μŠ€ κ²½μ œλŠ” 휘청거리고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
Bad harvests resulted in mass food shortages,
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ν‰μž‘μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ μ‹λŸ‰ 뢀쑱이 생겼고,
01:18
wages were falling, and the cost of living had skyrocketed.
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μž„κΈˆμ€ λ–¨μ–΄μ§€κ³  μƒν™œλΉ„λŠ” κΈ‰λ“±ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
Marie Antoinette’s expensive tastes were completely insensitive
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마리 μ•™νˆ¬μ•„λ„€νŠΈμ˜ κ°’λΉ„μ‹Ό μ·¨ν–₯은
ꡭ민의 곀경을 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ¬΄μ‹œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
to the plight of her subjects.
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01:28
She was the Queen!
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ™•λΉ„μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
01:30
If she hadn’t looked glamorous, she would have been criticized.
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맀혹적으둜 보이지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄ λΉ„λ‚œμ„ λ°›μ•˜μ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
Besides, she sometimes used her image for good.
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ μžμ‹ μ˜ 인상을 쒋은 일을 μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
After convincing the King to be vaccinated against smallpox,
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μ™•μ—κ²Œ μ²œμ—°λ‘ 예방 접쒅을 ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ„€λ“ν•œ ν›„ κ·Έλ…€λŠ”
01:39
she commissioned a special headdress to make the treatment fashionable for all.
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κ·Έ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ΄ μœ ν–‰ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λ €κ³  νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 머리 μž₯식을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
She also used her influence to appoint unqualified friends and admirers
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μžμ‹ μ˜ 영ν–₯λ ₯을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬
자격 μ—†λŠ” μΉœκ΅¬λ“€κ³Ό μˆ­λ°°μžλ“€μ„ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 직책에 μž„λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
to important posts.
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01:50
Even more disastrous, she encouraged the King to get involved
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훨씬 더 파멸적인 것은,
왕이 λ―Έκ΅­ 혁λͺ…에 κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜λ„λ‘ λΆ€μΆ”κΈ΄ 것인데,
01:53
in the American Revolution,
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01:55
a conflict that cost France 1.5 billion francs.
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이 λΆ„μŸ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— ν”„λž‘μŠ€λŠ” 15μ–΅ ν”„λž‘μ΄λ‚˜ μ§€μΆœν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
Objection!
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이의 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
02:00
The Queen had very little influence over her husband’s political decisions
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μ™•λΉ„λŠ” λ‚¨νŽΈμ˜ μ •μΉ˜μ  결정에
거의 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
at that time.
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02:05
Besides, France’s financial crisis was much more related to the country’s
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€, ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ˜ μž¬μ • μœ„κΈ°λŠ”
낑은 μ‘°μ„Έ μ œλ„μ™€ 효과적인 쀑앙 은행이 μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ 것이 더 큰 μ΄μœ μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
outdated tax system and lack of an effective central bank.
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02:13
How so?
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μ™œ κ·Έλ ‡μ§€μš”?
02:15
While France's nobility and clergy had numerous tax exemptions,
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ν”„λž‘μŠ€ κ·€μ‘±κ³Ό μ„±μ§μžλ“€μ€ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ„ΈκΈˆ 면제λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
02:19
peasants often paid more than half their income in taxes.
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농민듀은 μˆ˜μž…μ˜ 절반 이상을 μ„ΈκΈˆμœΌλ‘œ μ§€λΆˆν•˜λŠ” 것이 ν”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
This system buried France in debt long before the Queen's arrival.
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이 μ œλ„λŠ” μ™•λΉ„κ°€ 였기 훨씬 전에 ν”„λž‘μŠ€λ₯Ό λΉšλ”λ―Έμ— λΉ νŠΈλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
Her personal expenses were merely a scapegoat
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 개인적 λΉ„μš©μ€ μˆ˜μ‹­ λ…„ λ™μ•ˆμ˜ μž¬μ •μ  νƒœλ§Œμ„ κ°€λ¦¬λŠ”
02:29
for decades of financial negligence.
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희생양에 μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
That doesn’t change that Marie Antoinette spent tax money on luxuries
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ‚¬μΉ˜ν’ˆμ— μ„ΈκΈˆμ„ μΌλ‹€λŠ” 사싀은 λ³€ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
while the masses starved!
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λŒ€μ€‘λ“€μ€ ꡢ주리고 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°λ„μš”.
02:37
She was so oblivious that when she heard people couldn’t afford bread,
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사정을 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λͺ°λΌμ„œ ꡭ민이 빡을 μ‚΄ μ—¬μœ κ°€ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 말을 λ“€μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
02:41
she recommended they eat cake instead.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ λŒ€μ‹  케이크λ₯Ό 먹으라고 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
This is almost certainly a fabrication attributed to the Queen by her enemies.
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이것은 μ™•λΉ„μ˜ 적듀이 λ‚ μ‘°ν•œ 것이 거의 ν™•μ‹€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
In fact, Marie Antoinette frequently engaged in charity work
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사싀, 마리 μ•™νˆ¬μ•„λ„€νŠΈλŠ” μžμ„  ν™œλ™μ— 자주 μ°Έμ—¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
focused on addressing poverty.
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빈곀 해결에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ 맞좘 ν–‰μ‚¬μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
Her reputation as a heartless queen was based on rumors and slander.
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λΉ„μ •ν•œ μ™•λΉ„λΌλŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ ν‰νŒμ€ μ†Œλ¬Έκ³Ό λͺ¨λž΅μ„ 근거둜 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:59
Even the most famous case against her was a complete fraud.
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심지어 κ·Έλ…€μ˜ κ°€μž₯ 유λͺ…ν•œ 사건도 μ™„μ „ν•œ μ‚¬κΈ°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
Pardon?
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λ­λΌκ³ μš”?
03:04
In 1784, a thief forged fake letters from the Queen
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1784λ…„, ν•œ 도둑이 여왕이 μ“΄ νŽΈμ§€λ“€μ„ μœ„μ‘°ν–ˆλŠ”λ°
03:08
to purchase an outrageously expensive diamond necklace.
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ν„°λ¬΄λ‹ˆμ—†μ΄ λΉ„μ‹Ό 닀이아λͺ¬λ“œ λͺ©κ±Έμ΄λ₯Ό 사렀 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
03:12
The truth came out eventually,
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κ²°κ΅­ 진싀이 λ°ν˜€μ‘Œμ§€λ§Œ,
03:13
but the public already saw her as a wasteful spendthrift.
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일반 ꡭ민은 이미 κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό λˆμ„ ν—€ν”„κ²Œ μ“°λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œ μ—¬κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
Meanwhile, it's really her husband who ruined France's finances.
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ν•œνŽΈ, ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ˜ μž¬μ •μ„ 망친 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λ‚¨νŽΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
On that, we agree.
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κ·Έ 점에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ™μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
Louis XVI was an incompetent king.
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루이 16μ„ΈλŠ” 무λŠ₯ν•œ μ™•μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
Even after the revolution began and he lost much of his power
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혁λͺ…이 μ‹œμž‘λ˜κ³  ꢌλ ₯ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ„ μƒˆλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λœ κ΅­λ―Ό μ˜νšŒμ— λΉΌμ•—κΈ΄ 후에도
03:27
to the newly formed National Assembly,
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03:29
he refused to yield control.
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κ·ΈλŠ” ν†΅μΉ˜κΆŒ 이양을 κ±°λΆ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
Louis vetoed numerous pieces of legislationβ€”
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λ£¨μ΄λŠ” μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μž…λ²•μ— κ±°λΆ€κΆŒμ„ ν–‰μ‚¬ν–ˆκ³ 
03:33
and he was supported by his conservative Queen.
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보수적인 μ™•λΉ„μ˜ μ§€μ§€λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
To a point.
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μ–΄λŠ μ •λ„λŠ”μš”.
03:38
Marie Antoinette believed in the divine right of kings,
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마리 μ•™νˆ¬μ•„λ„€νŠΈλŠ” μ™•μ˜ μ‹ μ„±ν•œ ꢌ리λ₯Ό λ―Ώμ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜
03:41
but despite personal reservations, she tried to work with reformers.
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개인적 μ˜κ΅¬μ‹¬μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  κ°œν˜κ°€λ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μΌν•˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
Though all she got in return were false reports that she was sleeping with them.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λŒ€μ‹  얻은 κ²ƒμ΄λΌκ³ λŠ” κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό μž€λ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ§“ μ†Œλ¬ΈλΏμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:48
No amount of charity work could counter this avalanche of slander.
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아무리 μžμ„  ν™œλ™μ„ 해도 이 λΉ—λ°œμΉ˜λŠ” 쀑상λͺ¨λž΅μ— λŒ€ν•­ν•  μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
The revolutionaries also prevented the King’s family from leaving Parisβ€”
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혁λͺ…λ‘ μžλ“€μ€ μ™•μ˜ 가쑱이 파리λ₯Ό λ– λ‚˜λŠ” 것도 λ§‰μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
how could she negotiate with people keeping her prisoner?
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μ–΄μ°Œ μžμ‹ μ„ μ£„μˆ˜λ‘œ μž‘λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό ν˜‘μƒν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:59
Well, they were right to do so!
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그듀이 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•œ 것은 μ •λ‹Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
04:01
In 1791, the royal couple tried fleeing to Austria
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1791λ…„, μ™•κ³Ό μ™•λΉ„λŠ” μ˜€μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬μ•„λ‘œ λ„λ§μΉ˜λ €κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
to gather support and regain power.
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μ§€μ§€λ₯Ό λͺ¨μ•„μ„œ ꢌλ ₯을 되찾기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œμš”.
04:07
Even after they were caught,
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λΆ™μž‘νžŒ 이후에도 μ™•κ³Ό μ™•λΉ„λŠ” κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ
04:08
the King and Queen continued to pass military secrets
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μ˜€μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬μ•„ μ—°λ½μ›λ“€μ—κ²Œ ꡰ사 기밀을 λ„˜κ²¨μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
to their Austrian contacts.
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04:13
Isn't that treason?
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κ·Έκ±° λ°˜μ—­μ£„ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:15
Certainly, and Louis was executed for it, alongside 32 other charges.
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물둠이죠, λ£¨μ΄λŠ” 그것과 λ”λΆˆμ–΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ 죄λͺ… 32개둜 μ²˜ν˜•λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
Even if you believe the King's execution was just,
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μ™•μ˜ μ²˜ν˜•μ΄ μ •λ‹Ήν–ˆλ‹€κ³  생각해도
04:23
there's no excuse for how the new government treated Marie Antoinette.
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μƒˆ μ •λΆ€κ°€ κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό λŒ€μš°ν•œ 방법은 λ³€λͺ…μ˜ μ—¬μ§€κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
She was separated from her son and kept in a cell with no privacy.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ•„λ“€κ³Ό λ–¨μ–΄μ Έμ„œ μ‚¬μƒν™œμ΄ μ—†λŠ” 감방에 κ°‡ν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
The tribunal in charge of prosecuting the Queen had no proof of her treason,
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여왕을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” μž¬νŒμ†ŒλŠ” λ°˜μ—­μ— λŒ€ν•œ 증거가 μ—†μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—,
04:35
so they denigrated her with baseless accusations of incest and orgies.
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κ·ΌμΉœμƒκ°„κ³Ό λ‚œκ΅λΌλŠ” κ·Όκ±° μ—†λŠ” 혐의둜 여왕을 ν„ν•˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:40
Yet she maintained composure until the very end.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰κΉŒμ§€ 침착함을 μœ μ§€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
The Queen’s final words were an apology to her executioner
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μ™•λΉ„μ˜ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 말은 μ‚¬ν˜• μ§‘ν–‰μΈμ—κ²Œ ν•œ μ‚¬κ³Όμ˜€λŠ”λ°,
04:46
for stepping on his foot.
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그의 λ°œμ„ λ°Ÿμ€ 것에 λŒ€ν•œ μ‚¬κ³Όμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
However refined she may have been,
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마리 μ•™νˆ¬μ•„λ„€νŠΈκ°€ 아무리 ν’ˆμœ„ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€ 할지라도
04:50
Marie Antoinette was willing to betray her country to stay in power.
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ꢌλ ₯ μœ μ§€λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 쑰ꡭ을 λ°°μ‹ ν•˜λŠ” 것을 꺼리지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
In life and death, she remains a symbol of everything wrong
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ‚΄μ•„μ„œλ„ μ£½μ–΄μ„œλ„
νƒ€λ½ν•œ ꡰ주제의 λͺ¨λ“  잘λͺ»λœ κ²ƒμ˜ μƒμ§•μœΌλ‘œ 남아 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:58
with the decadent monarchy.
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05:01
A convenient symbolβ€”
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μ†μ‰¬μš΄ 상징이며,
05:02
and an example of the public’s appetite for smearing prominent women
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νƒμ›”ν•œ 여성듀을 μ€‘μƒν•˜λ €λŠ” λŒ€μ€‘μ˜ μš•κ΅¬λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” μ˜ˆμΈλ°μš”,
05:06
with their own fantasies and frustrations.
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λŒ€μ€‘ μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ ν™˜μƒκ³Ό 쒌절 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
So what you’re saying is she was guilty of being Queen?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹Ήμ‹  말은 κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ™•λΉ„λ‘œμ„œ 죄가 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:12
Should monarchs be judged by their personal qualities
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ꡰ주듀은 개인적 자질둜 ν‰κ°€λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
05:15
or the historical role they occupied?
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 그듀이 맑은 역사적 μ—­ν• λ‘œ ν‰κ°€λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
05:17
And can even the powerful be victims of circumstance?
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심지어 ꢌλ ₯μžλ“€λ„ μ£Όλ³€ μƒν™©μ˜ ν¬μƒμžκ°€ 될 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
05:21
These are the questions that arise when we put history on trial.
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이것듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 역사λ₯Ό μž¬νŒμ— λΆ€μΉ  λ•Œ μƒκΈ°λŠ” μ§ˆλ¬Έλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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