The popularity, plight and poop of penguins - Dyan deNapoli

525,952 views ใƒป 2013-12-17

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Zeeva Livshitz
00:11
Penguins have long captured
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ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืžื–ืžืŸ
00:12
the imagination and the hearts
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ืืช ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช
00:14
of people the world over.
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ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื.
00:16
But while popular culture
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ืช
00:17
depicts them as clumsy, adorable birds
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ืžืชืืจืช ืื•ืชื ื›ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื’ื•ืฉืžื•ืช ื•ื—ืžื•ื“ื•ืช
00:20
with endlessly abundant populations,
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ืขื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช,
00:22
the truth is that penguins are exceedingly graceful,
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ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื,
00:25
often ornery,
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ืœืจื•ื‘ ื—ืžื•ืžื™ ืžื–ื’,
00:27
and their populations are in rapid free fall.
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ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื—ื“ื”.
00:30
Their real life situation is far more precarious
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘
00:32
than people think.
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ืžืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.
00:34
And if current trends do not change,
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ื•ืื ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืœื ืชืฉืชื ื”,
00:36
it may not be long
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ืœื ื™ืงื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ
00:37
before penguins can only be found in movies.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืคื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื™ืจืื• ืจืง ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื.
00:41
There are many things about penguins
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื
00:42
that make them odd birds, so to speak.
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ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื–ืจื•ืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“.
00:45
For one thing,
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ืจืืฉื™ืช,
00:46
they are one of the few bird species that cannot fly,
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ื”ื ืื—ืช ืžืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ืขืคื•ืช,
00:48
having evolved from flight-capable birds
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ื”ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื• ืžืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืขื•ืคืคื•ืช
00:51
about 60 million years ago.
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ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ืขืจืš 60 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื”.
00:54
Surprisingly, their closest living relative
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืคืœื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœื™ื”ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื
00:56
is the albatross,
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ื”ื ื”ืืœื‘ื˜ืจื•ืกื™ื,
00:57
a bird known for its enormous wingspan
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ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžื•ื˜ืช ื›ื ืฃ ืขืฆื•ืžื”
01:00
and extraordinary soaring abilities.
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื“ืื™ื™ื” ืžืคืœื™ืื•ืช.
01:03
It may seem strange
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ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ื ืจืื” ืžื•ื–ืจ
01:04
that losing the ability to fly
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ืฉืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืขื•ืฃ
01:06
would be an evolutionary advantage,
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™,
01:08
but the penguin's short, flipper-like wings
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื ืคื™ื ื”ืงืฆืจื•ืช ื“ืžื•ื™ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกื ืคื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ืŸ
01:10
and solid bones
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ื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืงื•ืช
01:12
allow them to swim faster and dive deeper
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ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื ืœืฉื—ื•ืช ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืฆืœื•ืœ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:14
than any other bird on Earth,
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ืžื›ืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจืช ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
01:16
filling an ecological niche that no other bird can.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ื ื™ืฉื” ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืืฃ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจืช ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžืœื.
01:20
Penguins inhabit the southern hemisphere,
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ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืžืื›ืœืกื™ื ืืช ื—ืฆื™ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™,
01:22
being one of the few bird species
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืื—ื“ ืžืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื
01:24
able to breed in the coldest environments.
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ืฉืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:27
But contrary to popular belief,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ืช,
01:29
they are not restricted to cold regions
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ื”ื ืœื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืงืจื™ื,
01:31
nor are there any at the North Pole.
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ื•ื”ื ื’ื ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื˜ื‘ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™.
01:34
In fact, only 4 of the 18 penguin species
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืจืง 4 ืžืชื•ืš 18 ืžื™ื ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื
01:37
regularly live and breed in Antarctica.
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืชืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืื ื˜ืืจื˜ื™ืงื”.
01:41
Most penguins live in subtemperate
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื
01:43
to temperate regions.
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ืกื•ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืžื•ื–ื’ื™ื.
01:44
And the Galapagos penguin even lives and breeds
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ื•ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืคืื’ื•ืก ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืชืจื‘ื™ื
01:46
right near the equator
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ืžืžืฉ ืœื™ื“ ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื”
01:48
off the coast of South America.
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ืžื•ืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ื“ืจื•ื ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
01:50
They are also found in South Africa,
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ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
01:52
Namibia,
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ื ืžื™ื‘ื™ื”,
01:53
Australia,
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ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื”,
01:54
and New Zealand,
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ื•ื ื™ื• ื–ื™ืœื ื“,
01:55
as well as on a number of islands
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืื™ื™ื
01:56
in the southern Atlantic,
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ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ื”ืืื•ืงื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื™,
01:58
Pacific,
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ื‘ืคืกื™ืคื™ืง,
01:59
Indian,
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01:59
and Antarctic Oceans.
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ื”ื”ื•ื“ื™
ื•ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืื ื˜ืืจืงื˜ื™.
02:01
Although penguins spend 75% of their lives at sea,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ื 75% ืžื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ื,
02:05
they must come to shore every year
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”
02:07
to reproduce and to molt their feathers.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ืจ ืืช ื ื•ืฆื•ืชื™ื”ื.
02:10
They do this in a variety of places,
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ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช,
02:12
from the temporary ice sheets of the Antarctic
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ืžื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืื ื˜ืืจืงื˜ื™
02:15
to the beaches of South Africa and Namibia,
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ืœื—ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื•ื ืžื™ื‘ื™ื”,
02:17
to the rocky shores of subantarctic islands,
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ืœื—ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืกืœืขื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื™ื ื”ืชืช-ืื ื˜ืืจืงื˜ื™ื™ื,
02:20
to the craggy lava surfaces in the Galapagos.
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ืœืžืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืœืื‘ื” ื”ืžืกื•ืœืขื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืคื’ื•ืก.
02:24
Different penguin species
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ืœืžื™ื ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื
02:25
have different nesting practices.
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ื™ืฉ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืงื™ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
02:27
Some dig burrows into dirt, sand, or dried guano;
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ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ืš ืขืคืจ, ื—ื•ืœ ืื• ื’ื•ืื ื• ืžื™ื•ื‘ืฉ;
02:30
some nest in tussock grasses;
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ื—ืœืงื ืžืงื ื ื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ืฆืช ืขืฉื‘;
02:32
some build nests out of small rocks, sticks, and bones;
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ื—ืœืงื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืงื™ื ื™ื ืžืื‘ื ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื•ืช, ืžืงืœื•ืช ื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช;
02:35
while others don't build any nests at all.
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืงื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
02:38
Although most penguins lay a clutch of two eggs,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืžื˜ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื,
02:41
the two largest species,
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ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:42
the King and the Emperor,
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ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจื™,
02:44
lay a single egg
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ืžื˜ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื” ืื—ืช
02:45
that they incubate on top of their feet
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ืฉื”ื ื“ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
02:47
for approximately two months.
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ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื.
02:50
Unfortunately, 15 of the 18 penguin species
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ืœืฆืขืจื ื•, 15 ืž 18 ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื
02:53
are currently listed as threatened,
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ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
02:56
near-threatened,
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ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
02:57
or endangered
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ืื• ื‘ืกื›ื ืช ื”ื›ื—ื“ื”
02:58
by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
03:01
In the last several decades,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื,
03:03
we have seen the world populations
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื•ืช
03:04
of most penguin species decline
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ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืคื•ื—ืชื•ืช
03:06
by up to 90%,
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ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืขื“ 90%,
03:09
with two of them,
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ืขื ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื”ืŸ,
03:10
the Yellow-eyed and Galapagos penguins,
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ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืœืืคื’ื•ืก, ื•ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื”ื•ื‘ ื”ืขื™ืŸ,
03:12
down to just a few thousand birds.
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ื ืฉืืจื• ืจืง ืืœืคื™ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.
03:15
Penguins are an indicator species,
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ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ืžื™ืŸ ืกืžืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ื,
03:17
the proverbial "canary in the coal mine."
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ื”ืคืชื’ื."ื”ืงื ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื” ื”ืคื—ื."
03:21
Simply put, if penguins are dying,
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ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช, ืื ืคื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืžืชื™ื,
03:23
it means our oceans are dying.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื™ื.
03:25
And sadly, most of this decline is attributable
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ื•ืœืฆืขืจื ื•, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ื™ื™ื›ื•ืช
03:28
to human activities.
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ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช.
03:31
Historically, penguins have had to deal
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™, ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“
03:33
with multiple disturbances.
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ืขื ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช.
03:35
The mass collection of penguin eggs
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ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ ื”ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ืŸ
03:37
and the harvesting
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ื•ื”ืื™ืกื•ืฃ
03:38
of the seabird guano they nested in
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ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืื ื• ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื”ื ืžืงื ื ื•ืช
03:39
caused the dramatic decline
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ื’ืจืžื• ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื”ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช
03:41
of several penguin species.
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ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืžื™ื ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื.
03:43
If you're wondering
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ืื ืืชื ืชื•ื”ื™ื
03:44
what humans would want with seabird poop,
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ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ืงืงื™ ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื™ื,
03:46
it was used as an ingredient
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ืžืจื›ื™ื‘
03:47
in fertilizer and in gunpowder,
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ื‘ื“ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืื‘ืง ืฉืจื™ืคื”,
03:49
being so valuable
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ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ
03:51
that in the 19th century,
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ื‘ืžืื” ื” 19,
03:52
it was known as white gold.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื–ื”ื‘ ืœื‘ืŸ.
03:55
Current threats to penguins include the destruction
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ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืจืก
03:57
of both marine and terrestrial habitats,
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ืฉืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื,
04:00
introduced predators,
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ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
04:01
entrapment in fishing nets,
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ื”ืœื›ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ื’,
04:03
and pollution from plastics and chemicals.
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ื•ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื•ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื.
04:07
There have also been several large-scale oil spills
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ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื›ืžื” ื“ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื ืคื˜ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช
04:10
over the past 50 years
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ื‘ 50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
04:12
that have killed or impacted
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ืฉื”ืจื’ื• ืื• ืคื’ืขื•
04:13
tens of thousands of penguins around the world.
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ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื.
04:17
But the two major threats to penguins today
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืœืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื
04:19
are global warming
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ื”ื ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช
04:21
and overfishing.
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ื•ื“ื™ื™ื’ ื™ืชืจ.
04:23
Global warming impacts penguins in multiple ways,
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ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช,
04:26
from interrupting the production of krill
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ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ืคืจืขื” ืœื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื™ืœ
04:28
due to decreased sea ice formation in the Antarctic,
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ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืงืจื— ื™ื ืžื•ืคื—ืชืช ื‘ืื ื˜ืืจื˜ื™ืงื”,
04:31
to increasing the frequency
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ืขื“ ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช
04:33
and severity of storms
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ื•ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืฉืœ ืกืขืจื•ืช
04:34
that destroy nests,
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ืฉืžืฉืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืงื™ื ื™ื,
04:35
to shifting the cold water currents
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ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืงืจื™ื
04:37
carrying the penguins' prey too far away
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ืฉื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ืจืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื“ื™
04:39
from penguin breeding and foraging grounds.
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ืžืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™ื” ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื.
04:43
Even though humans
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ืฉื™ื
04:44
may be the greatest threat to penguins,
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ื”ื ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื,
04:46
we are also their greatest hope.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:49
Many research and conservation projects
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื–ืžื™ ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
04:51
are underway to protect penguin habitats
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ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ื ื™ื
04:53
and restore vulnerable populations.
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ื•ืœืฉืงื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
04:56
With a little help from us
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ืขื ืžืขื˜ ืขื–ืจื” ืžืื™ืชื ื•
04:58
and some changes in the practices
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ื•ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื
04:59
that impact our planet and oceans,
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ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
05:02
there is hope that our tuxedo-clad friends
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ื™ืฉ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ืขื•ื˜ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืงืกื™ื“ื•
05:04
will still be around in the next century.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืื” ื”ื‘ืื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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