How video game skills can get you ahead in life | William Collis

118,557 views ・ 2021-03-25

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00:00
Transcriber:
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譯者: 昭誼 呂 審譯者: Amanda Zhu
00:13
In 2019,
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在 2019 年,
00:14
the highest paid athlete in the world
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世界上收入最高的運動員
00:16
was an Argentine footballer named Lionel Messi.
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是阿根廷足球運動員 利昂內爾・梅西。
00:20
And his talent?
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至於他的才華?
00:21
Dribbling a ball down a pitch and booting it past a goalkeeper.
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他能夠盤球穿越球場, 然後把球踢過守門員。
00:25
It's a skill so revered by fans and corporate sponsors alike,
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這個技能極受粉絲和贊助商尊崇,
00:28
that in 2019,
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以至於在 2019 年,
00:30
Messi took home 104 million dollars.
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梅西賺進了一億零四百萬美元,
00:33
That's almost two million dollars for every goal he scored in season.
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等於是賽季裡每進一球 就進帳近兩百萬美元。
00:38
He's a pretty spectacular athlete by any standard.
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無論就什麼標準而言, 他都是個相當令人讚嘆的運動員。
00:42
But why is it Messi's particular skills are so valuable?
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但為什麼梅西獨特的技能這麼有價值?
00:46
Sure, there are obvious answers.
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當然,有些答案顯而易見。
00:48
We just have enormous respect for athletic prowess,
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我們對傑出的運動才能 懷有極高的尊崇,
00:50
we love human competition,
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我們喜愛人類間的競賽,
00:52
and sports unite generations.
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運動也凝聚了各個世代。
00:54
You can enjoy watching soccer with your grandfather
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你可以和祖父或孫女一起享受足球賽。
00:57
and your granddaughter alike.
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00:59
But growing up, I admired a different sort of athlete.
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但隨著成長,我欽佩的是 一個不同類別的運動員。
01:02
I didn't just want to bend it like Beckham.
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我不想要像貝克漢那樣踢出香蕉球,
01:05
I loved video games
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我熱愛的是電子遊戲,
01:08
and I was floored by the intricate strategies
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玩遊戲所需的複雜戰略 和精確的反射動作深深吸引著我。
01:10
and precision reflexes required to play them well.
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01:13
To me, they were equally admirable
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對我而言,它們 和體育場裡的一切一樣可敬。
01:15
to anything taking place in stadia around the world.
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01:18
And I still feel that way.
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現在我依然這麼認為。
01:21
Today, I still love video games,
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時至今日,我依舊熱愛電子遊戲,
01:23
I founded successful companies in the space
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我在這個領域創立了 幾間成功的公司,
01:25
and I've even written a book about the industry.
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甚至寫了一本關於這個產業的書。
01:28
But most importantly,
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但最重要的是,
01:30
I've discovered I'm not alone,
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我發現我並不孤單,
01:32
because as I've grown up, so has gaming.
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因為我長大了, 電子遊戲也跟著我成長了。
01:35
And today, millions of players around the world
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時至今日,全球數百萬玩家的競技 必須在遊戲場館裡進行,
01:37
need to compete in gaming centers
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01:40
like this helix,
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像是這個螺旋電競場,
01:41
and large gaming tournaments,
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而且,大型電子遊戲競賽,
01:43
like the League of Legends World Championships
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比如《英雄聯盟》世界冠軍賽,
01:45
can reach over 100 million viewers online.
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線上觀眾可能超過一億人,
01:48
That's more than some Super Bowls.
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比一些超級盃競賽的觀賞者還多。
01:51
And Lionel Messi isn’t the only pro getting [paid] for his skills.
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利昂內爾·梅西不是唯一 靠技術獲得報酬的專業人士
01:55
Top gaming teams can take home 15 million dollars or more
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頂尖的遊戲隊伍單從一場 像 Dota 國際邀請賽的競賽中
01:59
from a single tournament like Dota's Invitational.
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就可以贏得一千五百萬美元以上。
02:03
And all this is why traditional sports stars,
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這就是傳統的運動明星,
02:05
from David Beckham to Shaquille O'Neal,
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從大衛·貝克漢到俠客·歐尼爾,
02:07
are investing in competitive games,
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都投資電競遊戲的原因,
02:10
transforming our industry,
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使我們的產業,電子競技,
02:11
now called esports,
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02:13
into a 27-billion-dollar phenomenon, almost overnight.
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幾乎在一夜之間轉型成 驚人的 270 億美元產業。
02:18
But despite all this,
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但儘管如此,
02:20
the skills required to be a pro gamer still don't get much respect.
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職業電競選手必備的技能 依舊不很受到尊重。
02:24
Parents hound their gamer-loving kids to go outside, do something useful,
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家長趕他們熱愛遊戲的孩子去戶外、 去做些有用的事,
02:29
take up a real sport.
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要他們從事真正的運動。
02:31
And I'm not saying that physical activity isn't important,
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我不是說體能活動不重要,
02:34
or that esports are somehow better than traditional sports.
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也不是說電競比傳統的運動更好。
02:38
What I want to argue
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我想說的是,
02:39
is that it takes real skill to be good at competitive video games.
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要在高度競爭的遊戲裡表現出色 有其必要的技術。
02:44
So let's take a look at the skills required to win in Fortnite,
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我們來看看,要在《要塞英雄》、 《英雄聯盟》、《火箭聯盟》獲勝
02:48
League of Legends, Rocket League,
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需要些什麼技能。
02:50
some of today's most popular esports.
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這幾個是現在最熱門的電競遊戲。
02:52
Now, all of these games are very different.
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這些遊戲各異其趣,
02:54
League of Legends is about controlling a magical champion
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《英雄聯盟》要操控 一個有魔法的戰鬥者,
02:57
as they siege an opposing fortress with spells and abilities.
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用咒語和技能圍攻敵方的堡壘。
03:01
Fortnite is about parachuting into 100-person free-for-all
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《要塞英雄》是跳傘進入一個 天堂般的熱帶島嶼上的
03:05
on a tropical island paradise
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百人免費競賽,
03:07
and Rocket League is soccer with cars,
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《火箭聯盟》裡有足球和賽車,
03:09
which, while it may sound strange, I promise, is incredibly fun.
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雖然聽起來有些奇怪, 但我保證超級好玩。
03:13
And yet, all of these three esports,
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儘管這三種電競遊戲都不相同,
03:15
despite their differences, and most competitive games, actually
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競爭性最高的遊戲 都有三種共通的技能,
03:18
have three common categories of skill.
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03:21
And I'm going to take you through each in turn.
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我將分別介紹。
03:24
The first type of skill required to master esports is mechanical skill,
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精通電競需要的第一種技能 是操控技巧,
03:28
sometimes referred to as micro.
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有時被稱為「微觀」。
03:30
Mechanical skill governs activating and aiming in-game abilities
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操控技巧主導了遊戲中的啟動和瞄準, 並具有一個像素也不差的精確度,
03:34
with pixel-perfect accuracy.
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03:37
And I'd most liken mechanical skill to playing an instrument like piano.
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我認為操控技巧和演奏樂器最相像,
例如彈鋼琴。
03:41
There's a musical flow and a timing to predict
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對手的動作和反應 有節奏和時機可供預測。
03:44
in your opponent's actions and reactions.
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03:46
And crucially, just like piano,
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重要的是,就像彈鋼琴,
03:49
top esports pros hit dozens of keys at once.
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頂尖的電競玩家可以同時按幾十個鍵。
03:52
Gamers regularly achieve APMs, or actions per minute,
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玩家時常在一分鐘內 進行三百個以上的動作,
03:55
of 300 or more,
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03:58
which is roughly one command every fifth of a second
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這大概是每五分之一秒下一個指令。
04:01
and in particularly mechanically demanding esports,
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在特別要求操控技巧的電競項目中,
04:04
like StarCraft,
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例如《星海爭霸》,
04:05
top pros achieve APMs of 600 or more,
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頂尖的職業選手每分鐘進行 六百個以上的動作,
04:09
allowing them to literally control entire armies one unit at a time.
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這使他們得以同時控制 一整個部隊裡的每個單位。
04:13
To give you an idea of how difficult this is,
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為了讓你了解這有多困難,
04:15
imagine a classic game like Super Mario Brothers.
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想像一個經典遊戲, 比如《超級瑪利歐兄弟》,
04:18
But instead of controlling one Mario, there are now two hundred,
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但控制的不是只有 一個瑪利歐,而是兩百個,
04:22
and instead of playing on one screen, you're playing across dozens,
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而且不是在一個螢幕上玩, 而是幾十個,
04:25
each set to a different level or stage.
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每個都被設定在不同的等級或狀態。
04:27
And now Mario can't just run or jump, but he has new powers,
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而且瑪利歐不只會跑動或跳躍, 他有新的能力,
04:31
teleportations, cannon blast, things like that,
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比如像人體遠距傳輸、爆炸之類的,
04:33
that have to be activated with split-second timing.
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都必須在轉瞬即逝的時機啟動。
04:36
Yeah, it is really hard
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把《星海爭霸》這類 要求操控技術的遊戲玩好很困難。
04:38
to play mechanically demanding esports like StarCraft well.
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04:42
Now the second category of skill required to master esports
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現在來談談精通電競 所需的第二種技能,
04:45
is strategic skill, sometimes called macro.
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也就是策略技能,有時稱為「宏觀」。
04:48
And this governs the larger tactical choices gamers make.
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它主導了玩家大範圍的戰術性決策。
04:52
And I'd liken and strategic skill to mastery of chess.
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我認為策略技能和精通西洋棋很相似,
04:55
You have to plan attacks and counterattacks
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你必須計畫進攻和反擊,
04:58
and manipulate the digital battlefield to your advantage.
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並且依自己的利益操控電子戰場。
05:01
But crucially, unlike chess, esports are constantly evolving.
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但重要的是,跟西洋棋不同, 電競會不斷進化。
05:06
A popular esport like Fortnite can patch almost every week.
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像是《要塞英雄》的熱門電競項目 可能幾乎每週都有修正檔。
05:11
And even the most competitive esports
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而且連最高度競爭的電競項目,
05:13
like Rainbow Six Siege update every quarter,
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例如《虹彩六號》,每一季都會更新,
05:15
and these changes aren't just cosmetic.
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而這些更新並非只是表面裝飾,
05:18
They introduce new abilities, new heroes, new maps.
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它們引進新的能力、 新的英雄角色、新的地圖。
05:21
Constant change requires adaptivity.
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面對不斷的更新需要適應能力。
05:24
It asks esports pros to do more than just practice
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職業電競選手要養成適應力 需要的不只是練習,
05:27
but to theorize and invent.
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而是要建立理論並發明玩法。
05:29
Now, gamers call this constantly evolving suite of strategies
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玩家稱這個持續演進的 策略套裝為「元遊戲」,
05:33
the meta, short for the "metagame."
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05:35
And it would be like if every few weeks
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以籃球為例,就像是它的規則
05:38
the rules of basketball fundamentally evolved.
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每隔幾個禮拜就有根本上的演進。
05:41
Maybe three-pointers are now worth five points,
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可能是三分球現在價值五分,
05:43
or NBA pros can dribble out of bounds.
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或是 NBA 職業球員可以越線運球。
05:46
If this happened,
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如果這發生了,
05:48
basketball would permit for new strategies to win games
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要贏得籃球比賽就需要新的戰術,
05:52
and the teams that discovered these new strategies first
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然後先發現這些新戰術的球隊 會有巨大但可能是短暫的優勢。
05:54
would have a big, if temporary, advantage.
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05:57
And this is exactly what happens in esports
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這就是每次出現了修正檔或更新時 確實發生在電競領域的事情。
05:59
every time there's a patch or update.
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06:01
Competitive gaming rewards its most creative
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最有創意和最不按常規思考的人 在高強度的電競中最容易取勝。
06:04
and unconventional thinkers with free wins.
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06:07
Now, the last category of skill required to be good at esports is leadership,
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電競需要的最後一個技能是領導力, 也被稱作「號令技巧」。
06:11
sometimes referred to as shot calling.
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06:14
Esports pros are constantly in private voice-chat communications
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專業電競選手時常和隊友 以私人語音通話,
06:17
with their teammates,
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06:18
supplemented by a system of in-game pings.
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並且在遊戲中傳送訊息來補強。
06:21
This is what allows a team of League of Legends pros
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這種技能使一個《英雄聯盟》 專業隊伍的五個終極玩家
06:24
to coordinate a spectacular barrage of five-man ultimates,
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迅速利用對手小小的位置錯誤
06:28
flashing in to capitalize on a minor mispositioning by their opponents.
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協調出令人驚嘆的密集火力。
06:32
And leadership skill is also what allows game captains to rally their teammates
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領導力也使隊長能在危機來臨時 召集他們的隊友,
06:38
in moments of crisis
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06:39
and inspire them to make one last risky all-in assault
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並激勵隊友冒險對敵方放手一搏, 全力做最後進攻。
06:42
on the opposing base.
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06:44
And I'd argue this is the same type of leadership
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我認為這類領導力 普遍在決策者和隊長身上展現。
06:47
exuded by executives and team captains everywhere.
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06:50
It's the ability to seize opportunity,
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這種能力讓你能抓住機會,
06:53
clearly and decisively communicate decisions
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清楚且果斷地傳達決定, 並且激勵其他人跟隨你的領導。
06:56
and inspire others to follow your lead.
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06:59
And all these three categories of skill,
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操控技巧、策略技能 和領導力這三種技能
07:01
mechanical, strategic and leadership,
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07:04
they have a crucial element in common.
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有著重要的共通元素:
07:06
They're all almost entirely mental.
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他們幾乎完全是心理層面的。
07:09
Unlike my ability to have a basketball career at five-foot-ten,
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想想以我五呎十吋的身高 打職業籃球的可能性,
07:13
esports doesn’t care how tall I am,
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相較之下,電競不在乎我的身高、 我的性別認同、我的年紀。
07:15
what gender I identify as, how old I am.
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07:19
In fact, esports controllers can even be adapted
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事實上,電競控制器甚至可以調整 以適應特殊的生理需求。
07:22
to pros with unique physical needs.
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07:24
Look at gamers like "Brolylegs" who can't move his arms or legs
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看看 Brolylegs 這樣的玩家, 他無法移動手臂或腿;
07:27
or "Halfcoordinated," who has limited use of his right hand.
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或 Halfcoordinated, 他無法完全使用右手。
07:30
And these pros don't just compete, they set records.
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然而這些職業級選手不只參賽, 他們也締造紀錄。
07:34
Now, I'm not here to argue that esports is some sort of egalitarian paradise.
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我不是在此辯稱 電競是某種平等的天堂。
07:39
Our industry has real issues to address,
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我們的產業有真實存在的 問題需要解決,
07:42
particularly around inclusivity for women,
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特別是關於某些族群的兼容性,
像是女性、被邊緣化的族群 和沒有平等機會接觸科技產品的人。
07:44
marginalized groups and those without equitable access to technology.
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07:48
But just because esports has a long way to go,
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但電競還有很長的路要走 不代表其中的技能不值得尊重。
07:51
doesn't mean its skills don't deserve respect.
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07:54
And what particularly bugs me
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特別困擾我的是,
07:56
is how often we ascribe such enormous value
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傳統的體育人才就算在競技場外, 我們仍經常賦予很大的價值。
07:59
to traditional athletic talents off the field.
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08:02
How many times have we been in a job interview setting, let's say,
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我們經常在像是工作面試的場合中
08:06
and heard somebody say something like,
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聽到有人說類似這樣的話:
08:07
"Well, John is a phenomenally qualified candidate.
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「約翰超級符合資格, 他是大學袋棍球隊的隊長。」
08:10
He was captain of his college lacrosse team."
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08:12
Really?
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真的嗎?
08:14
John is going to be a great digital marketer
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約翰會是個數位行銷人才,
08:16
because he can hurl a ball really far with a stick?
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因為他可以用棍子把球拋得老遠?
08:19
Come on, we would not apply that logic anywhere else.
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得了吧,我們不會把這個邏輯 用在其他地方。
08:23
"Stand aside, scientists,
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「靠邊站!科學家們,
08:25
Sarah is my choice to repair this nuclear reactor.
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我選擇莎拉來修理核子反應爐,
08:28
After all, she played varsity soccer."
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因為她在足球校隊踢球。」
08:31
No, what we mean when we say
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不是這樣的,當我們說 約翰或莎拉很能夠勝任一個工作,
08:33
John or Sarah is phenomenally qualified for a job
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08:36
is that because of their experiences playing traditional sports,
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那是因為藉由從事傳統運動的經驗,
08:40
they have developed traits with real value in the workplace:
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他們發展出在工作場域 具有實際價值的特質:
08:43
diligence, perseverance, teamwork.
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勤奮、堅持、團隊合作。
08:46
And think of how I've just described esports to you.
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然後想想我剛才如何描述電競,
08:50
Doesn't it sound like mechanical skill, strategic skill, leadership,
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難道操控技巧、策略能力和領導力 不會發展出這些特質?
08:53
wouldn't those develop all those same traits too?
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08:56
And more to the point,
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更重要的是,
08:58
in today's fast-paced digital-office environment,
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在今日步調快速的 數位化工作環境中,
09:01
I think I might rather have a pro gamer on my team than a traditional athlete.
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比起傳統運動員,我更希望 我的團隊有職業級電競玩家。
09:05
After all, I know they can be charismatic and decisive over voice chat
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畢竟,我知道他們可以在語音通話時 展現魅力並且敢於決斷,
09:09
and I'm sure doing a lot of Zoom calls today in my business.
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而我現在會在公司 進行許多 Zoom 會議。
09:13
So maybe now I've convinced you
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所以現在,或許我已說服你
09:16
that esports and video games deserve a little more respect.
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電競和電子遊戲值得多一點尊重。
09:19
But if not, let me try to make one last final appeal.
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但如果你還沒被說服, 讓我嘗試最後一個論點。
09:23
Because look at it this way.
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這麼看吧,
09:24
Our society is changing.
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我們的社會正在改變
09:27
Technology is fundamentally infiltrating every aspect of our daily lives,
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科技正逐漸滲透 日常生活的每個面向,
09:32
transforming everything from how we work to how we fall in love.
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從工作到戀愛 改變每件事情進行的方式,
09:35
Why should sports be any different?
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為什麼運動該不一樣?
09:39
You know, I think of my own childhood, you know.
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我想起自己的童年,
09:41
I grew up watching the World Cup with my family,
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成長過程中,我和家人一起看世界盃,
09:44
and I learned to love soccer in large part because I watched it with my dad.
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我學會喜愛足球,
很大部分是因為我和爸爸一起看球賽。
09:49
And I would have loved doing anything with him.
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我喜愛和他一起做的任何事。
09:52
And now I think of my own sons.
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現在我想到我的兒子們。
09:54
But instead of soccer, we're watching esports,
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我們不看足球,我們看電競,
09:57
not the violent ones, mind you.
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但不是暴力的那種。
09:59
But I'm building the same sorts of memories with my kids
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但我正和孩子們創造共同的回憶,
10:03
that my father did with me.
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就像我爸爸跟我一起做的一樣。
10:05
We're marveling at the same skill and reveling in the same victory.
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我們讚嘆相同的技巧, 陶醉於相同的勝利。
10:09
It is an identical feeling of pure awe and excitement.
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那是完全相同的感受, 純粹的讚嘆和興奮。
10:14
It's just a different game.
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只是觀賞的競賽不同而已。
10:16
Thank you very much.
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非常感謝。
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